PAGE FOUR

ma“ CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAA

TllE l1llAllLOTTETOVlll GUARDIAN

______.__ _._ _ - - _ Morning Dally (Founded In 1887)

‘jllurllcd as Second Class Mall, Post Office

Department. Ottawa.

K l"; A, “; Vice-i‘ WI- l-

gungee; Beep-Trans G. M. Barnett; Editor and

flnnngtn; Director. J. B. Burnett; Associate Editor.

Frank Walker-

“Tlie Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink.” '

_________ TUESDAY. JANUARY u. 1941 ___._______

‘the llama “0anada"

d the celebration 3f giti-

h’ ek was marked by the intro uc ion SF”: lllewweCanadian song, Willi" PY MY- "WY J. Philip, Ottawa correspondent of The New York Times. The first three lines midi

"To Canada our fathers came

And gave this unknown land its name,

This Canada of ours.f'

This raises the question as to who "W" fathers were who gave our country its name. A correspondent in a mainland exchange CllfSplllfé following excerpt from the scholarly pen o r0. Stephen Leacock:

"We still do not know Wlicifl "i! "'4 Canada comes from. All Ore lfimllliil will‘ ll“ fantastic derivation that makes the Word "i=0" ‘nothing here.’ The idea was that, 001°" cm‘ tier came, some Spaniard or POYNQQ, "Wfles at not finding gold, said in disgust Acanado. The polite natives picked up the wprd alnd re- peated it to Cartier to mean Thots us._ 50"‘ ally silly is the gross slander involyed‘ in thlel derivation from the Sanskrit Kanota-f-o Sriifl feeder.’ Put beside this the derivation 0"" current in Puritan New England to the effect that Canada §lcalled after William Kane who went up there in 1621-—-a patron saint lost to history. Much better is the claim that Canada is an old Portuguese word~to mean the nor- rows’ or ‘the channel‘, that is the route leading on to the supposed Western Sea.

"But the simplest derivation and the best is that "Canada" was not the name of any one place but was the Huron-Iroquois word for the collection of lodges (such as Stadacona, Hull" elaga and Onondaga) which the explorers cal- led a town. indeed the narrative of Cartier's second voyage has at the end of it a’ vocabulary of the language of the natives which says ii: exact terms: 'lls appellent une ville—Canada. This might seem to settle it. So high an mith- ority as Dr. S. E. Dawson has saild thpt we‘ may save all waste of ‘learnedf labor by permitting the Huron-lioquois to know their own language. But unfortunately the narrative itself keeps using the word as the name_of the territory, not the town, as when it says in the text quoted, Here begins (at eight leagues above lle aux Coudres) the province and territory of Canada.‘ At this point of the story Cartier had not yet seen the town (Stadacona). Perhaps the word was used in a double sense as town is used todloy. People in England talk of London as ‘town and go up to town’ from their own town, without get- ting muddled'."

11L

As previously note

The Freight Rates (lass

Examination of the documents filed by the Canadian railways to support their application for a 30 per cent freight rate increase, accord- ing to an exchange, demonstrates this fact—- the railways will operate at a profit even with- out the increase.

As for the Canadian National, if it got no freight rate boost its $11,083,000 surplus for 1947 would be better than it earned in any year from 193i until 1939, inclusive. With the 30 per cent freight rate boost, its $60,000,000 would be almost double th-e best peace time year it ever had. That was 1928 when the system earned a profit of $33,000,000.

These calculations take the figures present- ed by the railways at their face value. This, however, is something which the opponents of the railways are refusing to do because the fig- ures are in such general terms as to be almost meaningless.

The railways are asking for the‘ flat in- crease in freight ratcs because their wage rates have gone up along with their materials and general operating costs. These wage increases have gone to all railway employees. The in- crease in operating costs affects all departments. Such departments as express, mail, passenger, dining and sleeping car have all been forced to increase their budgets. But no increase is being asked on these rates.

In addition, the increase in the wage bill will not affect "all areas in the system to the some extent. man hours of labor to freight ton is higher than in long haul areas. areas much greater service, and hence

of any of these customers. Only freight

partmonts.

Those are the facts in the background of the demand by the railway opponents for a full disclosure by the railways of the operating re- suits of their other important departments, plus

complete details of regional operations.

law Journal Sounds Warning

ln one of his case reports Lord Macmillan,- Imperial Privy Council, makes e remark about people having become

noted lnomber of tho

"indurotod to the arbitrariness of taxation."

Taking this as a text, the Fortnightly Law

Journal remarks acidly:

"The people of Canada have become indur- ated to the arbitrariness of bureaucratic govern- the unmeoning decrees of delegated and subdelegoted pseudo- mu the mlQIDI-of eseont democracy and the value ‘#100 Qlfliiiiorde of~ constitutional government.

mont by order-in-council and

lsglflltloi. They largely forgotten

in short haul areas the ratio of

In addition, in populous larger wage bills, are provided by passenger depart- ments. No increased charges are being asked cus- toiners are being asked to pay—for the wage in- creases granted to employees of all other de-

one. Let us not forgot that the only revolu- tion ia British history began as a struggle of the forces of democracy against dictatorship and ended as a far worse military dictatorship. Let us not forget that everywhere we turn today we see things that remind_us of that some tragic period of seventeenth century history and that the most poignant words of the past fifty years have been ‘it ‘cannot happen here.’ A decade ago none of us would have believed that a nom-

inally democratic government could have created in a civilized- country tho enorm- ities of injustice that even the bureau-

crats themselves confess that they have created in Canada in the past six and more years."

— EDITORIAL NOTES -

Competition is to be the life of the clam industry here.

a w w

it is gratifying to learn that Canada Pock- ers not only intend to continue the business with farmers so satisfactorily carried on by Davis 8i Frasers, but intend to expand and extend it to handle cattle, calves, sheep and lambs as well.

a w

Attorney-General Large, K.C., is 'fortunate in being able to fall heir (at a price, of course), to the lucrative practice of Mr. Justice Tweedy, now waiting for the swearing-in ceremony for the Supreme Court bench. Mr. Large has made rapid progress in his profession since being admitted to the bar.

w

Lewis Carroll (Rev. Charles Tutwidge Dodg- son), mathematician and humorist, died this date 1898,‘ was author of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Through The Looking-Glass, Euclid and his Modern Rivals: "Curtsey while

you're thinking what to say. It saves time." I k t fi

w n

n w e

British European Airways are to have 25 Miles Marathons, powered by propeller driving gas turbines, for use on their international air routes. These aircraft will constitute the first full fleet of turbine paw ‘d airliners to be ord- ered by any oir service in the world. a a I w

The prosperous farmers in France 0r: those of small culture who intensely develop every acre of their small holdings. This could be an ideal "little France" or Jersey or lsle of Man, in this respect, where every resource is made to count. lt is sincerely to be hoped full advant- age will be taken of the Matthews-Wells Co.'s offer made through our advertising columns. .. n- . e

They have been having much more stormy weather in Britain than we have been having here, described as frightful. The elements let loose with all they had tossing off gales, rain, a sudden thaw, and snow which took blizzard proportions-and brought an electricity black- out .in three Scottish counties. Emergency squads battled against gale-driven sleet for seven hours to fix overhead wires ripped from their poles in Aberdeen, Banff and Kincardinc

counties.

e w w e

The Ontario Cheese Producers Association at its 14th annual meeting passed a resolution authorizing financial grants toward formation of an independent cheese marketing board in competition with other dealers. It was stated that this selling agency was a co-operative enterprise but would be entirely separate from the association. It was intended to obtain for producers a share of the profits now going to processors. Mr. D. W. Osmond, speaking for a resolution calling on officials of the associa- tion to discuss cheese price policies with mem- bers of Parliament, said "milk and milk pro- ducts have been made a political football to keep the cost of living down."

i‘ 1 I I

A member of the Canadian Army, Active Forize, who, for one reason or another, no long-er wishes to fulfill the terms of his engagement, can, on application, buy his way out, but it will cost him a little more than it formerly cost mem- bers of the pre-war Permanent Force. Under the new ruling a soldier can be discharged at his own request only if he: (a) pays $100 within three months of first attestation or within three months of each subsequent engagement, or (b) if after three months from first attestation, or three months service of each subsequent re-an- gagement he pays $4 per month for each month of unexpired time. The new ruling differs

cost only $80 if within three months of attesta- tionbor if over the thi-ee months, $3 per month for each month of unexpired time. who buys his way out of the Army is not entitled to either leave or free transportation home. O I I I

800); New Brunswick 1,770,500

100 (35,500); Nova Scotia 22,700 Prince Edward Island 9,700 (83110). totalled: Ontario 190,400 (298,800);

893W (100,0N); Saskatchewan 82,800

200 (7,900);

Manitoba (GUN);

Alberta (120,000);

933W (104,500); Quebec 74,900;

it.-. not.

ibflldbe so easy to overthrow one dictator- loll into the hands of another and worn

New Iriinswick 6,600 (7,900).

l

a

from the old inasmuch as, prior to the war, it

Any soldier

11y provinces, the number of hens and chic- kens on Canadian farms as at the beginning of June 1946 compared with 1945 were as fol- lows, with 1945 figures in brackets: Ontario 28,467,000 (27,279,000); Saskatchewan 17,347,- 400 (l7,626,900); Quebec 11,885,000 (1l,724,- 600); Alberta 9,562,300 (10,166,800); Manitoba 8,891,000 (8,937,300); British Columbia 4,427,- 000 (4,096,000); Nova Scotia 1,865,000 (1,804,- (1,869,400);

925,200 (1,145,700); Ontario 668,000 (705,600);

Columbia 108,500 (76,600); New Brunswick 24,- (19,000);

Geese Alberta

(89,- Gll); Manitoba 81,600 (76,600); Quebec 29,800 (35,700); Prince Edward Island 15,700 (14,300); New Brunswick 9,600 (l0,5M); Nova Scotia 8,- British Columbia 1,100 (7,6N). And for ducks the number were: ‘Ontario 348,- 6N (358,600); Saskatchewan 1003M (119,0W); 82,3“) British Columbia 12,500 (9,500); Prince Edward Island 103M (14,900); Nova Scotia 7,100 (WAN);

tlotes By The Way

Some oountrlcn which remained neutral during the war have bear refused member hip in the United Nations. Thus they will have to rams-Ln neutral during the peace- Punch.

The Enoyiilitliiitdia Britannica says that the word “chlttanlefl COMES 110m the French word for "rag anthem-r". To confirm this in these days o! clothes shortage; and lush. prices. just pull out the near- Bit burfliu drawer ycu come (o. - Huron Expositor.‘

A new kind of dairy cow ls be- ing developed in the fcrflle Mai- nnuslca Valley of Alaska, The Fam- ilv Herald and Weekly 51m reports. The new breed is the rezult of cross- breeclirzg between (he Guernsey and (lie Asiatic yiak. The results prom- ise a rugged. piroductive ilairy cow that can withstand the rigors of the climate. Some of the new breed fire Irv-V DP-cduciiig zin- average of B00 pounds lesfing five percent bui- lCl‘ fat.

Two of the world's oldest. wood- eii warships may have to be brok- (‘.11 up, as if is feared that [lacy are beyond repair. These are the twa- rlccked ship of the line Implncnblc (laid down I797). which fought at lhe Battle at Trafalgar n5 (he French Duguay-Troui-ii. and (lie frigate Fbudroyanl. formerly I-IMS Triiioomalce. which is bnrcly 20 years younger. During (he wrir they did service as lrlining ships at Porlsmcuili. _Unilcd Kingdom In- formation.

B. C. Teachers’ Federation ca'li on (he Government for a compul- sory union, and a brand izew form of check-off. The check-off would Drovlde that teachers‘ fccs (o (he federation be paid by the Cavern- ment. deducted from grunts to municipalities, but not recovered from teachers’ salaries. Or at lcast this appears lo be the interpreta- lion of (lie piiraseology used. Pur- Dflie of the compulsory unicn shop is to compel affiliation of liiiwill~ ing individuals lo an employees’ organization, and to collect fees willy-nilly. It deprives individuals of freedom. Ii comes between (hr-m and their (lllty to their employers. ~Vancouvcr News-Herald.

I hoard this week n story which may have rip rarrd iii prlvl before, though I doubt ll. Cflfllpbfll-Eflll- zicrmnn entcrcd (lie cabinet fcr the first limo as secrelarf; of stale for wtir in 1881i in Gladslriifs iliirrl cdmlnjslmtic-ti. When (lie King's Spferh W35 iiiiilci‘ czrtisiticralisii il, was fouml (0 contain n Lnliii qual- atiati. rnd iii: iicw secretary for war mzidc bold (o question its cc- curzicy. Hi5 colli-ngurs were aghast at his lrmctill’. but (he clnsyclsl prime mlnlsicr received gcslioii iviih urban. ‘Brtrg me" he's-aid lo his z" (my, "lhc Marl- inl I was using yicsicrdny.“ The volume appeared and was carefully consulted. "I llulfi" said (he prime, minister, “that 4hr: secretary for war is perfectly right. But“. he ridd- ed. glaring rourd the lnblc, "llic words are taken from n poczn which no decent man ought io road." - Lmidon Spectafc-r.

The First World War impaurrl passports. and (he acute iiallo" isms, (he economic and idc0lcg..;il struggles of the period between the wars, iwilh their emphasis upon strict control cf emigration and immigration. fastened the system upon (h;- world. It ls probably too much to (‘Xpecl that, (he extinction of the passport nuisance will occur. so long as it seems a. way of check- ing other nuisances. The Dengue of Nations endeavored (o wipe out passports. but barely succeeded in mitigating some of their worst feat- ures by common consent. Still, (he action of France and Great Bri- tain is a. sign that some of the stringent regulations of wartime are being modified. and that perhaps an cnlighloiicd world may some ilfll’ find means of limiting (he bur- CflUCf-Jtic load that (he traveler must bzar. —Ncw York Herald Tri- bune.

Speaking of the need for conserv- ing papPr. never before ln our cx- perlence of nearly 25 years as l1 newspaper editor have ‘we witness- cd such an avalanche of propa- ganda. in the form of letters, book- lets. leaflets, reports for (he press and pure, undiluted frcc Ii-‘iibllclly as‘ during the year i946. Govern- mcnt bureaus still head the llsl of offenders, with reams of mater- ial coming every week from 0f- taw-a and Queen's Park. With sev- eral hundred "experts" working tn the Dermrtment of Public Interm- atlon.’ the Wartime Prices and ‘Prado Board, the Department of labor and elsewhere around (he capital, lt ls little wonder that they go through several tons of’ paper every week. Foreign countries have their professional propagand- lsts foo new. with long ipagcs of mlmeograiptiod copy coming from Ohlna, mule. Australia, France and

Prince Edward lsland 1,154,000 (1,1Z0,000)- oiiiere. Public relations Ollflll! have For turkeys the numbers were: Saskatchewan their i011 dwm l0 ii "MW- will"

Industrial firms and financial wis-

Alberta 625,000 ($76,500),- Mtlltllolttl 312,000 m“ “fd _"‘°" °°“"“""'°'}; w" oscaoo); Quebec 181.600 (301,900); in...» fiefffimlfinfiofifmlnii, ‘if,

people loddiifl for will M091 - Bimooe Reformer.

Ono of the most beautiful of all Oas-indtiin owls is (he big Snowy Owl. which periodically invades agricultural Canada from its Arctic breeding-grounds. Dining some flights. particularly lost Winter. large number» of these big pre- dstoi-s spread ihenuelvoa over the settled pnrls of Canada and (he northern United states. Many were shot by thoughtless _, s, tor- lctttiii. or not hiowltig that on ex- amination of their food in south- ini min-lo. made st the ‘noysi Ontario Muewm lest. Winter, re-

-—l\fa Ind inloe, |mgfly._. “mm.

who are unable to carry on wltti-

voaled it to be 08 percent. todmle,

PUBLIC FORU M

This ooluinn In og- so the discussion by can‘. spondenta of question; g! Intonat- Tlia Charlottetown Gusrdlsn does not noooQr- tly endorse the opinion ol correspondents

ST. THOMAS AQUINAS SOCIETY

Sin-During the past few weeks, officers of many of the various branches of St. ‘Thoma-s Aaulinns Society throughout the Province have held executive meetings ln order to devise ways and means whereby they mlg/ht enooin-aze s larger number of Acadlan men and women. young and old to joln the Ionics of this worthwhile society, whose chief aim ls to Islet in edu- ("atlas our boys and girls and to prepare tlicm for the way of life. St. Thomas Aquinas Society L; a‘ challenge (o every right-thinking Acadia-n. From its limited fund. it, has hclperl many a boy to continue his college or university course. Among our d2 students who are now studying in the various col- leges of Quebec undAhe Marlllmcs. with the greater number of these from homes of limited means and

out outside help. St. Thomas Aa- ulnns ccmcs to their aid financially and in this manner, future lenders for church and slate are being pre- pared who later in life will labour for the general welfare of’ their fel- lowmcii. ' .W2 (ire zit least 14,000 Acailians in FEE. Island. At the very least, 7.000 of our people should be en- rolled under the banner of Sf. Thomas. M the present time we have 40 organized branches of this Socieiy throughout the Acadlan parishes of the Charlottetown cila- c050, and there is ample room for n larger number. During this first month of 1947. cvery member of (his worthwhile Society should en- dcuv-sur to encourage as many Acndlans as possible to swell the ranks in order that (he Society may be in a better position to hell! raise (lie standard of education in our midst, especially among our boys. we, as n progressive people. should be interested in the boys of cur respective commimltles, re- gardless cf who they are. because after all boys are (he best and most vnlinble asset; of our country: 501' in (he bay e1 today we have P01- {Illlflllv (hr man cf (oznorrow. Tlicrcl" (he fife a! (he boy is bit; with y; bililics both for good and for evil. We should. then. be pre- pfIYO-Zi at. all times to bncouragc bcys (Q follow in the higher things of life, not forgetting that the boy is lilir n tree that Bflidilfllll’ ‘m’ fulils 3.11:1 advances i0 millunly- l9 IlIRITJIOOIl. hastening lnlo that crit- ical period of life Wli-En 111i‘ branch“ and foliage grow vigorous: when (he bud of childhood is resolved info (he blossom of youth. His men- ini and moral, his spiritual and physio-ail natures dmiand a spe- cial care and attention. Bilyllccd is the age of noble and heroic resolves. Therefore we should (la our utmost lo cncaurafle m" boys by Suppcfliflg [hp st. Thomas Aquinas Society in the splendid Walk that (he Society ls dome iiii‘ (education. and later in life We 511B“ have the consolation of knowl118 ihnt many have reached their goal (“rough (he pennies that we have given lodray- In sulilimll"! ‘his worthy cause We Shall l°ll°w me noble example of (he founders of this SCciel_\'-—-lile Acadlun Pr)!!!" of our Province, as well as the ex- ample of many C! 011i‘ English spear-Icing priests who have so?‘ ported this movement wholeheart- edly. Let us also boas’ ln mind 1M1’- the Society of St. Thomas num- hers among her ardent aupvoriti-‘i iaymcn who occupy 01190718“) W5‘ ilions in civil life, and who sire generously of their means and (al- cnls to further Qducallon and l-ielf) 40 prepare worthwhile candidoliifl for future leaders, who in limo will help (o spread the 805991 0m‘ orig (hose who know it not and t0 sow (he seeds of true citizenship among our fcllowmen and the PW" pics of our fair Dofiiliiiaii- 1 am, sir. elc. EA. ARSEPMULT. TOIOBII‘.

Tlgnlah Shore, IEEJ. ________ n-Capital Closeups

(By George Kitchen. Canadian Press Staff Writer, Otto va.i

Steps are being taken to dispel the not air that sviieraiee in th¢ House of Commons.

Now. before the 2M member; of that August Chamber come a-rosr- lng with Hatchet: bored. It should be explained that these measures are aimed against "hit air" l.n the temperate sense of the term. not in the colloquial way ln which lt sometimes la spoiled to parliament- ary bodies. '-

In other words, the custodians of the p-rllamenmry buildings in- tend lo lake steps to lower the high temperatures generated tn the Commons chamber, not by rising blood hoot that befall; Ottawa ehcii summer.