no

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PAGE FOUR *

IrIIS GUARDIAN, CHARLOTTETUWN

DECEMBER 15, _ 1943

THE GUARDIAN

rrlurnln; Dally (Founded In I881)

Luther-lied no lies-um! Clnu “all, Pant Ofhoo Dnpnrtnlent, Ottawa. The hlruuI Guardian Puhllohlu; Co.

Editor and Managing Director, J. Ii. Ilurnetl.

Aaron-late Editor, Frank Walker.

"Tho Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk."

(JIIARLOTTETOWN, WEDNESDAY. one. 1s, 194s

Missing Information

Exchange difficulties are cited as the rea- son why in I949 Britain is to receive from Can- ada less bacon, and fewer eggs, and no more cheese than in I948. This point, however, has not been clarified and leaves much unexplain- ed.‘ There is some curiosity also as to why our contracts with Britain for these purchases need the approval of a United States organization, and what connection the transactions have with Canada's port in the Marshall Plan, or ERP, as it is now usually called.

The facts gs given by Agriculture Minister Gardiner are that next year Canada will send I60 million pounds of bacon to Britain, as against I95 million in I948. Egg deliveries will drop even more sharply, from seventy-four to forty- six million dozen. Our exports of cheese to Brit- ain will stay unchanged at fifty million pounds.

"No one will suppose for a moment that the decreases are due to any falling off in. British requirements," says the Globe and Mail. "The bacon ration in Britain is still two or three thin rashers a week; and the Londoner or Glaswegian who gets two eggs a month is lucky, As for the weekly cheese ration, it still makes about two moderately nourishing sand- wiches. Whatever the reason for cutting down Canadian shipments, it certainly cannot be that the British had too much. _

“The explanation, as every one can see, rs Britain's shortage of cash. Canada's reason for not sending the British the minimum quantities they need is that they canont pay in United States dollars. Yet in this business relationship Britain is not exactly a deadbeat. Everything sent from Canada this year, every pound of bacon and dozen eggs, has been paid for on the nail; by British exports to Canada, or by United States payments from ERP funds. Can- ada has not supplied Britain with a dollar's worth of food on credit this year. And Canada has made no provision for food credits to Brit- ain in I949. That is the meaning of Mr. Gor- diner’s announcement as for as we can see.

' "Canada should look at this as a commer- cial proposition. Many Canadians would con- cede on emotional grounds and because of Brrt- ain's unequalled scrvices in the war, that our country owes a special debt to the British P9?‘ ple. Canada has in fact acknowledged that rn the past. But, leaving this factor out of account, the position is that our most reliable customer requires certain supplies from us, was able t0 pay for them this year wrth United Stotcs help. needs credit next year and is relused it.

"Mr. Gardiner himself promised the farin- e75 0f Canada a system which would assure markets orrrl Sfflbllllf‘ prlC€$ l7)’ l°"9‘le"“ "SIN" “mm my}, 'B,;.yq;n_ Now we find that Canada's food contracts with the British Government, far ‘from being based on any such polrcy, need the endorsement of the Economic (Ia-operation Ad- ministration, the American official bod‘! llfllldllMl qid t.» E-rrnpe under ERP. T-lris can mean only one thing — that the American Treasury _rs rrt up the money, or some of ll. Canada is shipping to Britain; a is making absolutely sure of loading any

prepared to p or the goods ard that Canad its United States dollars before hi . s pS"What is needed from a Federal Minister, Mr. Gardiner or someone else, is a candid state- ment about Canada's part rn ERP and the amougl cf credit, if any, Canada pr0p0$€S_ i0 Bxlflid 9 Britain and other countries rn difficulties. In- credible though it sounds, no statement has yet ecme from Ottawa. The country is engaged rn international transactions, with half-acknow- rlekqed American aid, about which Parlrament onl a... public have no knowlerlge- The """'"9 information should be given OI’ Ollie-

ilnirrersiiy Training

In his Rede lecture at Cambridge on "Uni" versities and the State" Sir Walter Moberly drsl- cussed several problems which face modern unr- versities. His main theme was the plea for aca- demic freedom, justified by the services of tlu university to the whole community. In I900. its laid, the financial support extended ltY Ille- "cl" to British universities was trifling rn amount; in the inter-war period it formed one-thrrd of their total income; and in future it would amount to about two-thirds.

"Obviously this had given the Government a formidable weapon for establishing control of university policy, if it were minded to use it and if, in so doing, it were supported by public opinion . . . To demand academic freedom was simply a way of saying that we got the best results in education and research if we left their management to people who knew something about them. lt was said that he who pays thg piper calls the tune. But the cogency of that doc- trine varies with the piper. If you were engag- ing Toscanini and his orchestra you would do well to leave to him the major voice in deciding the programme."

In discussing state interference, Sir Walter was pointing to a possible danger in the future rather than to on immediate problem. But he was dealing with an actual grievance, in Con- ada no less than in Britain, when he discussed "attempts by the community to make the uni- versity its rnaid-of-afl work." Commenting on this phase of the question, the Wrnnrpeg Free Press soys:

"The growing tendency to iudge courses

by-

sity becoming no more than a glorified trade school. One of the marn purposes of any unr- versity must be its devotion to the humanities, to studies which relate to the disinterested pur- suit of knowledge, and Io its concern with mat- ters which are not often debated in the mar- kct-place or rewarded there. In short, a univer- l sity worthy of the name will glory in being ‘ac i ademic’ and will honor the spirit of learning, by wearing this term of reproach as an acco- r lode. These axioms of scholarship apply with special force to Canadian universities, still en- l gaged in building up their traditions and striv- l ing, for the maintenance of values too often, ignored or misunderstood by the general com- munity." .

tDI IURIAI. NOTES

City footpaths now slippery than

gritty.

Today church bells ring out. for the christen- ing of H.R.H. the Prince Andrew (.7) of Edinburgh. I

w w t

IIIOIC

re t a n

lf everybody kept his own footpath clean what an exceptionally pleasant place Charlotte- town would be at this season of the year. I I I The upset at the Federal by-election of Dig- by-Annapolis must be causing Liberal leaders "furiously to think" about that forgotten man between elections, the long suffering taxpayer. N I I C

A policeman on a beat, like Constable Dowl- ing, does more in promoting low and order, and respect and fear of the law, than all the many cautionary addresses put together. The eyes

have it over the ears.

n n n

Recently our railway trains have been arriv- ing very much on schedule time, but it is satis- factory to find the powers-that-be at Moncton instructing superintendents and master-mechan- ics to see that this be maintained through the coming winter whether it be stormy or otherwise. ‘A’ k i According to News of the Week the best iudgment in diplomatic quarters is that General de Gaulle probably will come to power in France ' not later than the end of July; and that Eire is among the most enthusiastic advocates of Western European federation. I I l‘ The site for the new Federal building may still be in dispute tilt after the general election. There are seemingly too many votes, and rents for government offices, at stake for the authorities to arrive at a definite pre-elec-

tion decision.

n w a e

Canada's leading role in defence research,

moans an enviable one. It springs from the fact that in any foreseeable conflict this country will be itself the theatre of operations.

. . ..

The Ordcr-in-Corrncil purporting to give the Royal assent to the Culren Amendment has been hold by the courts to have had no such effect. It is too late for this particular ruling to have any practical sequel, but it should show the Government that merely passing an Order- in-Council does not necessarily make any change irr the law.

. .. . Labour Minister Mitchell has explained that puy cf the Reserve Forces of the Armed Ser- vices is disregarded so for as the Unemployment Insurance Act is concerned. lt neither has the effect of putting an employee's earnings over the ceiling of $3,120 a year nor of classifying him as being employed.

Q I

"There's only one absolutely sure way not to have an army revolt" declared the Government of Costa Rica. "That is not to have an army." This simple but revolutionary policy was put into effect the other week by provisional President Jose Figueres. Ten days later his Re- public was invaded, and having no army to re- pel the invasion, he had to appeal to other Re- publics to send to his rescue. Appeasement does not work when aggression is all about.

I fi i‘

Gregory Rasputin, Russian "healer", killed this date l9l6. Born in 187i he was a dissolute, ignorant peasant until his conversion in his 34th. year, when he became a lay monk in the Greek Church. He then visited Mt. Athos, Jerus- alem, Kiev, Moscow and Petrogad, where he be- came known as "healer." He obtained great in- fluence over the Tsarina, and through her played an important political role, becoming one of the "dark forces" which led to the revolution and massacre of the Imperial family. Lured to a sup- per party by Prince Yussupov Sumarokov El- sten, a nephew of the Czar, he was shot, and hrs body buried beneath the ice of the Neva. He was the author of My Thoughts and Reflec- tions published in l9l5 which describes his pil-

grimage.

lawn

Hundreds of inquiries have been received by the Hudson's Bay Company in London about training for trading post iobs in the Arctic. One was a circus performer who said he used to train animals and thought he'd make a good fur post manager. But the company said preference goes to Scotsmen between I8 and 23 and par- ticularly those who have never lived outside the Highlands. "Physically and mentally they are best suited for life and work in these isolated posts," said a company official. He added that cnce they leave the Highlands and get a taste of theatres and football matches, they are "spoil- ed" for the isolated life of the north. Eight High- land Scotsmen recently left Scotland to take up Arctic posts for the company. They will be fal- lowed by another 20 soon to be chosen‘. All must agree to stay single for the next three years while training to value furs brought in by Eski- mo and Indian Irappers and to handle the com-

standards of mere utility may lead to a univer-

with British and American experts looking to cvity‘ candidates up to date _ arr Ottawa for the latest developments, is by no 99°!’ °\'9’1'-—v.'e now have:

Election Warning

PUBLIC FORUM

This column In open to the diseuelion by uulTQlp0Dd2llll 0! question: f Interest. The - Guardian do not necessar-

r

"firefiéwm

THE NETTLE

With seed the sowers seaiis The furrows as they go. Poor lads, ‘tls little matter How many sons they sow. For only one will grow.

The charlock on the fallow Will take the traveller's eyes, And glld the plaughlarld sallow Wltll flowers before it dies, But twlce ‘twill not arlsc.

Trhe stinging nettle only ' Will still be found to stand: The nurnberless. the lonely, The tin-anger of the land. The leaf that hurts the hand.

It. thrives, ccrrne ers; Blow east, blow west, it. springs; 1i» Peoples towns, and towers Above the courts of Kings; , And touch It and It stings. ‘

I -—A. E. Ilousmnnd

Christmas Cards y ,. . .

By lhe BIIIIOIIS '

J. P. MoEvoy ln Saturday‘.

Review of Literature '

Years ago Christmas card cIe-,

signs were pretty well limited to, (a) candles that had been bum- lng a. considerable time and were‘ running all over the place. (b) camels alone, (c) camels with Wise Men on them, (d) Wise Men lead- ing camels, (e) bells. (f) a row of medieval dead-end kids (carol- sluglng vlalfsr lined up under u lighted window holding ll roll of wallpaper and saying "All!" But. “the Arr attracts — the Sentiment sells," say the dealers‘ and every year the art has grown more attractive. This year's Christ-l mas cards wlll Include superb col-l or reproductions ranging froml Raphael to Matisse to Grant. Wood. to Dali. Bo keen ls the competi- (Ion (there are more than 100 pub- llshers) and avid the demand for, novelty (more than 1,500 million‘, Christmas cards wlll be broughtr this year). there is no letup In the‘ pressure for something newer and better.

The biggest company ln the business today is Hall Brothers of- Karrsas Clty, Mo. who make 1,000.- 000 Hallmark greeting cards a day and have salesmen calling an some 15.000 dealers with 5.000 different. greetings "for all occasions." 1n- cldentally, you Mn buy "Mother"

sun, crane show-

By

iiy endorse the opinion at

I correspondents. MQWOMQQMQQQ

LONGEVITY CANDIDATES Sir, — Bringing the list of long- 1. Mrs. William Smltlr. New-

ton Cross . . . . . . . . . . ._ _ 96 2. Donald ftfacKlnnon, North

River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90 3. Mrs. Sarah ‘Pamlyn, Sum-

merslde . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 96 4. Mrs. Elizabeth MacKenzle,

Charlottetown .. 104 5. Miss 'l‘eresn Reid. Char- l‘

lottrlown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9'1 6. Thomas Henderson, Long

Creek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 92 7. Mr. George Auld. Wlnsloo 93 8. Mrs. George Auld. Wlnsloe 96 9. Frank Sanderson. North

River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 92 l0. Mrs. Gaspard Arscrrault,

Howlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 96 11. Mrs. blelirnn MacDonald.

St. Peter's . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90 I2. Angus MscKlnnou. City 94 l3. Miss Sagan Nelson, Clly 94 .14. Dr. RJ. MacDonald, St.

Peter's . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 15. Mrs. Harriet Taylor, North

Granville . . . . . .. 96 l6. Mrs. Duncan

Churchill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 95 ' l7. Mr. Wallace

North Carleton . l8. Mr. Robert. FIIYIIESS Vernon l9. Mr. George ‘Turner, Wln- y

sloe Road . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 93 20. Angus Cameron, Clyde

River ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90 21. Robert MacDonald. Crap-

nud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 22. Miss Catherine McConn-

aok, SH. Home . . . - . . -- 101 23. Mrs. Charles Pridham,

Montrose . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90 24. Mrs. Mary McCaull, Eller-

Sllg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9i 25. MISS Elizabeth McGlnnIs.

SJ-I. Home . . . . . . . . . . .. 104 2A3. Mrs. John McAulny, Sourls 96 2'1. Mr. George Younker, Brack-

Iey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 93 28. Mr. Joseph Younker, Win-

aloe Road . . . . . . . . . - - . .- 9i! 29. Mrs. Charlotte Hogg Tn-

vellers Rest . . . . . . . . . . .. I 30. Mrs. John Kllbrlde. Rich-

rrroord . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 31. Marcus Ferguson, Han-rp-

ton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 94 32. Edmund Welsh, Summer-

vllle ' m 33. James Ben ct. MacMlllan.

Summer-ville . . . - - - - - ~ 93

1’ um- Slr. eta. UNCLE JOE

sir, ~_ r would like Io add the name of Mrs. Robert Wares of Wheutley River to your longevity lrst. Mrs. Wares will be U next March. I am. Sir. etc.- INTERESTED READER

Slr.~l have three names to add to your longevity column. They are: Mrs. William Wnddell 0T Mount Tryan who wlll be 93 on Dec. 31st, Mrs. Edward Leard of North Tryon will be 92 on Feb. 22nd. and Mr. Jim Leard of Bor- den will be 91 on Jnn. 1st.

1 am. Sir. etc. MRS. WALTER WOOD. Mount Tryon.

crrrmrowrv. South rfrrrcs - lClU-Two luxury hotels intended mainly for motor tourists in the Western Province are to be erect.- ed on the new notional road be- tween Puorl and Worcester. One Is

pany's merchandising affairs.

_.._.§ .n-‘~.._c....

f0 cost £45,000 ($100,000 I116 the other £30000. .

t. ... s.»

cards for u much as so. euh, but. 3b cents ls top for Pop. No com- ment. ‘

They seem to succeed very nice- ly. People mall more than 3,000 million greeting curds a year- -$IO0.000.000 for postage to carry them. The Big Five-Hallmark. Gibson, Rusteraft. Volflnd and Norcroes - wlll reluctantly admit It is a $l00.000,000 Industry and more-but how much more they won't tell you. not what their re- spective slices are.

About half of the greetin] cards produced are Chrtlstmaa ends. Valentine, Euler, Mother's Day. Blather‘: Day. Thanksgiving. and New Year cards uooouot for about I0 percent. The remaining 40 per- cent. ne called Everyday in the business.

The new Valentines, like the women's fashions, have taken on that New book. which to really the old peek. The lonrz skirts are buck and lace fans and demure glances.

This year's Christmas cards have been an their way since February. 1947, when they started no poetic throbs in the feverish

Amino of ereetlng-card writers.

MAYQE

I'D Barren.

£005 MY Aug; MILI&<'9F

i0®€>®

(And l’. l. L)

‘WINTER FARE

1n Winter our merchants warm their stores and deck their win- rlovvs In invitation Io loaded traveller; frrrmcr opens his barns to supply .fl‘.e demands of tire specuintor and

and the

C harloitetown

the grain- solid

The High Cost of Living

Its Cause and Remedy

s

IV. THE GOVERNMENTS TRADE POLICIES: A PRIMARY CAUSE OF HIGH PRICES B! l. L. l. Williamson, M. B. l.

The "findings" of the Special Parliamentary Committee an Pym Increases were discussed in the first three of then articles. But no dip cusslon of the cast of living In Canada would be complete without an examination of those causes of the rise in prices which were NOT taken Into account. In the Report. It ls these factors which will be considered In this and in subsequent articles.

2. In order to facilitate comparison, the various point: to be dun with will be ulscussed in the some order and under the some headlngr a: In the previous articles, vlz., external prices (a); increased cost| e1 production (b); increased purchasing power (c); and certain Supplg. mentary factors (d).

External Prices (n) z

. 3. In my first article It wan demonstrated that: the rise of prices in other countries did not have an appreciable effect on the Canadian cost. of living; It now will be shown that the Government’! external trad, policies did play an important part irr price rises within Canada,