es

i vi

i i

& i

PAGE 2 WEDNESDAY, NOV. 18, 1959.

-Unconvincing Criticism The. Globe and Mail, Toronto, takes issue with the Government of

Prince Edward Island for suggesting, in its brief before the McTague Com-

mission on Transportation, the nat-

t

E ; ee : a. 4

/

"-. dealt at length with the need for |

jonalization of all our railways as an alternative to continuous freight rate increases. It says the privately owned Canadian Pacific Railway could be called semi-nationalized, considering -the manner in which. it (and the CNR) is regulated and restricted at ’ Ottawa; that for all this government control, freight rates have risen con- tinuously since the end of the war,

and that outright nationalization , - would not remedy the matter. The

only remedy, it says, is to “hold the line” against inflation—inflation of freight rates being no isolated phen- _omenon but merely a symptom of the country’s economic ailment.

- These are good words, but what have they to do with horizontal rate boosts which do not affect the Central Provinces materially because of their highly competitive transport sys-

_- tem, but fall with crushing weight

upon these Atlantic Provinces?

It is true that a Canadian Nat- fonal-Canadian Pacific Act was pas- sed on recommendation of the Duff

~ Royal Commission of 1932, which

~ made several references to duplicat- ion of transportation facilities and

co-operative measures between the

itt

be pulling their weight . Mr, Massey Relaxes

Our former Governor General, the Rt. Hon. Vincent Massey, had to

his tenure of office. He did so with all due dignity and decorum, not al- lowing his sense of humor to mar the impressiveness of the proceed- ings. However, he did get fun out

telecast by the CBC he put his ' thoughts in versified form, and we imagine our readers as well as his auditors will enjoy the result. It is needless to say that his bantering mood is not at all inconsistent with Mr, Massey’s profound respect for _parliamentary procedure. Here are his lines: ; “Lots of advisers have I got, comprising

Over a score and how they love advising!

Each year they give me their combined advice

On plans to implement—or put on ice.

Their views I give you seated on the

Throne, Reading the pages in a level tone. Under their orders I can have no choice, geh og 4 hears me as His Master’s

Over the the speech seems a!ways And so the reader must grow ever

stronger— Not mentally; his efforts must be towards - Keeping the vigor of his vocal chords. ‘He plagues his listeners from sea to sea. Some of them listen in captivity; Helpless they sit, and hear from first te

The cndloes list of bills that will be Soil Survey In Wales From a bulletin released by the

United Kingdom Information Service we learn that an interesting survey to determine soil fertility with great- er accuracy is being made at a plant ~breeding station near Aberystwyth, Wales. Before the survey began, a contour map of the station was made at one-foot intervals. Fields were then-divided into 50-feet squares and -a number of core samples were taken which, when combined, formed a ‘sample representing the whole

square. . ge : Z This sample was then tested to

determine its degree of acidity and

deliver many Throne Speeches during.

of the job. In an informal interview .

Hon. Lester B. Pearson, leader

- of the Liberal Opposition in our . federal Parliament- has let drop

phrases in recent speeches which may indicate a coming line of ‘at- .ack. on the Progressive Conser- vative Party. 3

During ast month's by-election in the Ottawa suburban riding of Russell, I heard Mike Pear- son deplore the encroachment: of the huckster ‘n the gray flannel

suit onto our political scene.

“We do not require Madison Avenue tactics in our govern- ment.” was his theme.

Many Canadians have long de- plored’ the piiony values which are being foisted upon us in the cause of seilins more soap. Many Canadians disapprove of the in- ruendo ard ev

which has become an accepted

"___ two major railway systems. But_as_| its calcium, phosphate, and potash

pointed out in the P.E. Island brief, this Act has been invoked chiefly with regard to passenger train pool-

. + ing between Montreal'and Toronto,

and Ottawa and Toronto. It failed to provide for co-operative measures generally, nor is there any jurisdict- ion in the Board of Transport Com- missioners or any other body to in- vestigate what measures the railways have taken under the Act to see-that all possible economies have been ef- fected. Thete are, in short, no teeth in the Act.

The Island:-Government takes the position that every alternate means should be explored before another horizontal boost in freight rates is granted. One alternative is amalgam- ation under government control, be- cause our whole rate structure is geared to the needs of the C.P.R., a

' private enterprise dependent on pro-

~viding dividends for its shareholders. How can rates be equalized under such a system?

However, if the McTague Com- mission feels that the time has not yet come for amalgamation, it is submitted that the situation which exists with regard to the Crowsnest Pass Rates might well be treated in the same way as the situation arising out of the Maritime Freight Rates Act. These acts differ from each other in several respects, but

* notably in this, that the M.F.R.A.

maintains the freight-charges pay- able to the shipper at’ a rate level (at present) of approximately 30 per cent below the rates existing on July 1, 1927, but with the provision that ' these basic rates may be increased to

meet increases or reduction -in the —

éost of railway operation. There is no such provision in the ‘statute governing. the Crowsnest

“Pass rates. The result of this differ- .

ence between the two statutes is that freight rates in the Maritimes have had to bear their share of the general increase granted in the last three yeqrs, totalling 45 per cent, while the Crowsnest Pass rates have borne no part of them. The increase from 20 to 30 per cent in exemption under the Maritime Freight Rates

_ Act was substantially wiped out by

‘the last 11 per cent rate increase.

; Our Toronto contemporary offers | _ mo suggestion as to how this dif-

It to be solved. Indeed, it

mize that we have a yy at all in this area. e line”; but metaphor

content. Observations of drainage and

a separate map was drawn for each of these contents and qualities to produce—for example—a phosphate map or a drainage map of the station.

The-survey is not yet complete, ~but its value has already been illus- trated by the fact that in one of the

fields used for trials there are two

long patches where the soil has a high phosphate content. This field was used as an army camp in the First World War; and it is thought that the patches mark the site of cookhouse or latrines. Round patches

-of phosphate elsewhere are also taken

to show the site of trees—not that trees need phosphate, but the animais which congregate round trees do.

EDITORAL NOTES

Dentists and doctors in the United States are working off a long term study of baby teeth to assess stron- tium 90 deposits in relation to radio- active fallout. The project has been” taken on by research workers in the universities of Washington’ and St. Louis.

J s =

It is understood that when Parlia- ‘ment meets, a joint Commons-Senate committee will be appointed to_re- write the Civil Service Act, unchang- ed for fofty years. -In the revision—. which will involve examining of docu- ments and questioning of witnesses— such points as the size of the Gov- ernment staff, its cost, efficiency and work practices, will be raised. It is a foregone conclusion, too, that the committee hearings: will _ open wide the door for a free-swinging discussion on the contentious salar- ies issue.

s st o

‘U.S. Congressional ‘investigators

_have turned from rigged TV quiz

shows to charges that disc jockeys have accepted millions of dollars a year in bribes to flood the-air with - certain records, especially rock ‘n’ roll. The House committee also will look into allegations that “deejays”, song publishers and record firms rig top tune polls, even paying teenagers to pose as regular record customers. In addition, the new inquiry will dig deeper into secret payoffs for back- door advertising plugs and other broadcast “deceptions.” It may also consider misleading and offensive commercials. It looks like a whole- sale housecleaning in the television

field. ; 4

depth of soil were also taken, and .

>.

coin of advertising currency south ci the Border, and which is in- evitably spilling over into Canada through U.S, magazines and broadcasts.

NO FALSE FRONT HERE__.. Our climat2 of morality does cot favour the bank balance worn onthe sleeve; we react violeut- iy ‘o the U.S. concept that a chrome vlaied monster can sym- Dolize one’s. success in. life, or that the offering of a certain soft

drink improves one's standing m the community. Frankly, we are cumple souls, with honest un- complicated munds. We just don't luke baloney.

/ Kennedy's Ottawa A remarkably tough -, minded speech by Senator John F. Ken- nedy of Massachusetts, the Demo- erat with —spirations of higher of-

“fice, was pushed into undeserved - shade by the doings of Premier

Khrushchev. ; : Yet what Senator Kennedy said in Wisconsin was not, at all un- related to the challenge which Mr. Khrushchev brought to America. It was precisely the statesman- like thing to say, the hard coun- terpoint to the softening optl- mism of the talk of peace and prosperity.

In a situation ripe for. political evangelism and the balm of well-

PUBLIC FORUM This column is open to the discus sion by corréspondents of question c. interest. The Guardian does not ceses sarily en‘orse the opinion of cortes

““pondents, tee

SERVICE APPRECIATED

Sir,—This morning as I was feeding my 12-weeks old baby, I heard the request of the Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Committee for letters from peo- plé-who have been helped by this dervice..

Red.Cross blood saved the liv- es of bota my baby and myself just twelve weeks ago today. Soon after [ started in labour I began to hemorrhage and was given a blood transfusion, short- ly after arriving at the hospital. Following the delivery, there was a massive hemorrhage of 1,000 ce’s of bicud, and I was giv- en two quick transfusions,. Later I was given a fourth transfus- ion. Two days after the babys birth, I was walking around and sitting up in a chair for meals and durinz visiting hours.

No words couid express my evatitude fer the ready availabi- -, of the blood which saved my A :

We also avpreviated the. fact that there was no charge for the blood transfusions as we had heavy medical expenses due to complicaiios in, the baby’s de- velopment. : I am glad of ‘the opportunity to express tie appreciation of my husband, mys if, and our fami lies for the help which Red Cross services proviaed

I am Si: ete. \ A GRATE JUL MOTHER

Charlottetowa,

THE ISOLATION BOOTH |

OTTAWA REPORT — Mr. Pearson’s Objection

By Patrick Nicholson

The revelation of the depths to which hucksters have sunk, and dragged-the public, in the States, cs exempiified by TV quiz shows, has opened the eyes of any Cana- lians who remained unaware of this debasement. of the national life in the cause of richer profiis.

Against this background, Mr, Pearson's essentially decent re- action against en essentially un- Canadian activity rings like a | sound true bell. We do not want Madison Avenue tactics in our public life.

I spoke to Mike Pearson to find out what thinking is behind his words. I was not surprised to find that he deplores the attempt | (0 package any public figure, to present him with -a glossy but

| the voters as something which he | is not, :

“Some able Canadians will re- fuse to go into public life, if they are going to be merchandised in this way,” he told me.

THE TORY HORSE

The target of Mr. Pearson’s criticism, echoed in newspapers and by politicians across Canada, us a formcr Madison Avenue” man from Toronto, named Allis- ier Crossart. Now the national or- gauizer of the Progressive Con- servative Party, he is seen as tue leading vroporient of mtro cucing in‘v politics the practices of advertising as developed in this Age‘ of‘ Ilvsion. :

‘He even said that he would

Indictment

being (the party faithful were there with banners and zest), Senator Kennedy said this:

“We have lost our will to fight and sacrifice and endure. We have forgotten cur traditions. We have suppressed our scale of val- ues. We have confused our moti- vations,”

PRESENTS -TACTS

He documented his ictment with these facts from a United States Army report on the con- duct of American prisoners dur- ing the Korean war. The report. he said, showed that:

Nearly one of every three prt- soners collaborated with the Chinese Communists..

One in seven prisoners either spied on their’ fellows or made propaganda broadcasts, although thete was little torture, brutali- ty or brain washing.

For the first time in history not one American prisoner es- caped.” be ae

A total of 38 per cent of the prisoners died in captivity, due

e

| fe. te have: mab Se aie sities,

to ‘tailor’ me,” protested. Mr.. Pearson.

- Politics is far from advertis- ing; Crossart spent long’ years in the latter, but he is new as a whole-time przctiioner on the poliiical scene. He recently de scribed at Moum Allison, and on the C.B.C. programme “‘The Iiidden Persuaders,”” how in his view the two should be married. In his--words, the Crossart View is that ‘‘An essential function of a political partv is to keep in cdi. sant touch witi: the desires of the people, so that these can be trans- lated into the kind of legislative aad executive (7?) action the people want. The use of researca techniques of all kinds is a good way to take some of the haphaz- ardness out of the function of the political party.”

Few Conservatives would egree with their hired help that their party is “haphazard...” Few Canadians would agree that Mr. Fearson—or Mr. -Diefenbaker—

a

qualities and political brilliance long before Grossart ever met fim. And Mr Pearson rejects such alien concepts, preferr- ing the tried and tested view that é government, often knowing more than a voter should on oc- casion lead public opinion, rath- er than be led by the witchcraft of motivation researcher.

Mr. Pearson's good qualities do- minate his partisanship here.\ He has pointed out something ro- tcn in the state of Conservatism, which could aecay his political focs from within as surely as the. Trojan Horse once defeated unassailavle ramparts.

fellows and due partly to their rejection of unfamiliar or unclean foods.

American prisoners took food from the weak, sick men left on the roadside to die.

TURKISH SOLDIERS

In contrast to the conduct of the Americans, he said, not_one of 221 Turkish soldiers—who sur- ely had no greater stake in that conflict—collaborated with the enemy and, although half were wounded when captured not one died. 4

There were more men foday in the United States naval prisons than in the Norwegian and Dahish navies corsbined. Nearly one out of every two young Americans now was being rejected for mili- tary service as mentally, moral- ly or physically unfit.

A reporter covering the speech

wrote: “He sent the audience’ home chastened, worried and grim.”

Well should they have so gone. And so should Canadians examine their own consciences. We, just- as much a# the. Americans, face the same hard course ahead. And we now share the same de-

partly to the callousness of their

caying softness.

Long before Columbus discov- ered America, some Indians of ihe Soythwest lived in elabora‘e apartment houses,

One apartment dwelling with at- feast 80 three-room suites stood in New Mexico about 1,000 years ego. Each suite housed a fain- ily of about five persons.’

The ruins of this fabulous. dwel- ling, known as Pueblo del Arroyo, were discovered in 1849 by a mil- itary engineer reconnoitering Ne- vaho country shortly after the Mexican War. Years elapsed, however, before scientists began excavations.

WORK BEGUN IN 1923

In 1920 a National Geographic Society expedition made a sit vey of Chaco Canyon, site of Pue- blo del Arroyo. Three years later, a scientific investigation of the Pueblo was begun under the lead- ership of Neil. M. Judd of the omithsonian Institution, who had veen excavating wear-by Pueblo Bonito for the Society. This year Mr. Judd published a detailed report on his 36-year study 1f Pubblo de! Arroyo.

In the ruins of the mass-ve structure, which iies northwest af Albuquerque, jp

‘ ‘s . en

on?

1,000-Year Old Apartments

National Geographic Society

have found bowls, mortars, tab- lets, bone awls, and figurinxes. Timbers were used in building the Pueblo, and from the tree rings the scientists could deter- maine its age, as well as the periods of various remod- eling.

The medieval inhabitants of the apartment house were farmers. They grew cora, melon, and squash outside the walls of che Pueblo. They hunted with dogs, and raised “so much fer food as for feathers to use sn religious ceren.onies.~~

Big, red, blue and yellow par tots, brought from Old Mexico, were also kept for their plumes. The birds probably had Basty tempers, however, and took many maps at their owners. One par- rot skeleton intrigued Mr. Jucd cccause its breast bone had been broken ard had subsequently

Lealed.

“Presumably the bird had _bit- ten a careless finger somewhere on the long trail to. Chaco Cany- on, or- after arrival there, aud bad been: felled by a stick in wuig- ry hands,” hé said.

PUEBLO COVERED ACRE _ Pueblo del Arroyo covered more

ers_know—that-our—Prime—Minis= ter possessed his statesmanlike

i

5 ef

: i

i

ef f

i

s 3 a

tak

: 5

Z

F BR

ze °F 2 g

i

f

z

I have pulled my gination. Medical ecience al- ready. has done quite a bit along this line with one form of can- cer—leukemia. |

While we have not been able to bring about a cure, we have been able to prolong life consid- erably. For short periods, we ‘have brought about remissions in the disease in many, many in- stances. And during these remis- sions, the victims of leukemia, generally children, appear per- fectly healthy.

BIG STEP FORWARD

z

our fight against cancer, possib- ly the biggest. There have been many other sizable steps, too—so many, in fact, that many _be- liefs have changed or are in the process of changing.

One well - known cancer ex- pert informed me recently - that any textbook on cancer thet is more than three years o'd is con- sidered almost out of date.

HOPE AHEAD

In the last ten years we have come a long way in our fight against cancer. Unfortunately, we may have a long way yet to go. But we'll get there, mark my words. Whether it is a cure or merely an indefinite remission, we will come up with something one of these days.

QUESTION AND ANSWER _.Mrs. M. .: My daughter, 17, perspires excessively under the arms. Daily use of a deodorant and dress shields do not” help. Is there anything that can help

year-old girl but may subside at a later age. Underarm shaving and use of anti-perspirants may help during this period.

% nnn

SCILLA A little blue flower, sparkling with rvin, et . I saw a: a garden gate; Among trees and shrubbery,— vaunting, vain,— The little blue flower’s fate Was to give me joy, and awaken - delight, A speck of color, aglow with light:

A bit of the sky on the stalwart earth, Peeping out modestly, a It seems but a moment sinc time of birth To its end of day, But it’s given me rapture and comfort, true, Azure sky visitant,—blossom blue —Myrtle Boa Armstrong . In the “Canadian Poetry Magazine”

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (Nov. 18, 1934) Mr. Harold Laird, Kelvin, leav- -es this morning for Toronto, to attend the annual meeting of the Canadian Guernsey Brecders’ As- sociation, which is being held m connection with the Royal Winter Fair. Mr. Lewd was recently elected a direcior to repreSent the Breeders oi New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island.

Mr. Charlie MacKinnon, Raik way section foremen at Kensing- toa, has becn promoted to a simi- jar position a: Borden. Mr. and Mrs. MacKinnon were extended best wishes prior to their depar ture to take up residence in Boo- den. Mr. MacKinnon will be suc-

than an acre. It survives as an ehduring monument to the cratts- manship of the Indian stonemas- ons and carpenters, who had to make do with stene axes,

The Indians lived only in the upper three floors of their apart- ment-house town, doubtless be- cause these floors offered beter ventilation and security from enemies. The 120 rooms on the ground floor were reserved main- jy for workshops, storage, and religious gatherings.

The village enelosed eight kivas or clan temples, where each family or group of famiues performed its own ceremonies.’ Details of the ritual. were secret.

Pueblo del Arruyo eventually went into a decline, perhaps due to recurrent enemy attacks and discontent caused by a’ dwindling food supply.

The Indians known as Puento- Spanish for “village’’~still live on a sunny plateau extending ‘sto parts. of Arizona, New Mexicc, Utah, Nevada; and Colorado. D--s- pite thelr common name, they tall into four different» grou i. each with a disiixct

+ x

-| moral obligation to sacrifice trade This is a big step forward in:

+—Answer:-Excesstve-perspiration | may be perfectly normal in a 17-

2 ey de tions

ec eee es NOTES é : i

onan the

g RBS 3 7 Hii

points of direction and degreds of the circle. ereafter Amalfi be- came knowh as the Magnetic City and bore a winged compass in its coat of arms.—National Geogra- phic Bulletin :

_ Britain has never made any secret of the fact that she will buy Canadian goods only if they are offered at prices equal to.or below those available in other countries. So it is with all coun- tries. No nation feels it has a

advantage in order that Cana- dians may continue to have the second highest standard of liv- ing in the world.—The Edmonton Journal e

An all-the-year-round tunnel un- der the Alps to link Switzerland and Italy is being planned. It is expected to be ovened to traffic in the summer of 1961. The 3%4-mile- jong road tunnel will be dug un- fer the Great St. Bernard pass. A ceremony at Martigny in Swit- zerland recently marked the be- ginning’ of tunnelling on the Swiss side. When completed, the great St. Bernard tunnel will provide an all-weather route be- tween Aosta in Italy and Laus- anne in Switzerland, and will ben- efit travellers coming through Switzerland. from the north and northwest into Italy —Woodstock

‘BY THE WAY

A physician says that live high_abow :

Looking for ways to keep wild mice from harming young trees, the U.S. Interior ee tie against a quandary. It can’ encuzh mice to give its anti- mouse measures an adequate field test. Government agencies are practicatly the only organiza-— tions to experience dilemmas of this kind. Elsewhere it would oc- cur to someone that if there wwe not enough mice to try out a pois- on then there wouldn’t be much point in losing sleep over how to invent mouse poisons.—

Free Press

We’ge getting pushed around tee snug in the electronic, jet-propel-

age. There are the big, awk- ward cards used for cheques and order blanks which do not fit any ordinary, house-hold-variety en- velope and bear the surly order “Do Not Fold’. Apparently we are to change our stationery to accommodate a machine. are the cigarette machines which make us pay two cents more for our cigarettes simply because if is inconvenient for the machine to give pennies in change.—Van- couver Sun

FAMOUS GARDENS

The Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew. England, one of the world’s - greatest plant centres,

ne!

Ingerso] Sentinel-Review

,

né assic detéctive story pro isfactory for so many years that “he manner in which recent writ- es have come to disregard it 3s. to say the least, surprising.

Various writers who have m the recent years proved them:el- ves to be its masters have turn- ed or are turning their backs upon it, and we open a new book uot knowing whether to expect a brilliant excursion in the classic style or a picaresque and way- ward thriller.

The classical detective story was concerned rather: to analyse the method of a crime ‘and tarough that find its perpetrator than to detect a criminal through the specious investigation of mo- tives, with its consequent plunge ato psycaology.

In so far as it concerned men

ceeded by Benjamin Condon in the Kensington area.

Sel TEN YEARS AGO . (Nov. 18, 1949)

Island poiatc shippers are cop- cerned about the apparent hitch .in the arrangemerts announced 1ccently te make an adequate number-of-reefer cars available from the U.S. for Island Trade The present shortage has been termed critical. Ottawa depart- mental officiais stated that ev- erything was being done to ,et a ne 5" block of reefers di to

P.E.L.

The chimes, which are now be- ing installed in Trinity United Church, Summerside, will be ready for use on Sunday and will be dedicated oy the Rt. Rev. Wu- 1ard Brewing, Modefator of the United Church of Canada. The chimes have veen given to thr church by Mrs L. R. Allen, Sum- merside, and her brother, Mr George Brace, Tofield, Alberta, in ‘mempry of their. parents.

Decline And Fall

The Times, London

were started in 1759. — 4

apa women, Cquirca Chara

were embodied “humors” rather than’.roundedly inconsistent, 2. consequent people.

PRIME REQUIREMENTS “ —

The prime necessities of @ great detective were a handful ot fascinating eccentricities and 6h obtuse colleague. Meanwhile, the writers pursued more and- more easy ways to kill, and some far from easy.

Certain extraneous elements have always been demanded. The Getective story written without some literary grace is more dis turbing in its unreality than the most turgid prose epic; wit and the display of esoteric ‘ have alweys been welcome im gredients, for these things are either embedded in the puzzle or are part of its treatment.

TIFFICULT TASE x

But few writers now can avoid the writing of either thrillers ‘which, however admirably tney conform to their own rules, are at the opposite pole to the solu tion of problems by reason: the detective’s method was hardly -ver solvitur ambulando, and po rentially the greatest of detectiv- es was Mycroft Holmes, too in dolent to move from his club to # verify a fact) or a novel in which crime has become & mere found- stion for the exploration of cri- minal psychology or any one of ‘rumerous other topics fascinat- ing in themselves but representing a gradual perversion of the form.

Its patron saint now is Dr, F:eud, and his prophets are Ray- mond Chandler (whose hero opet- ly disavowed both classic Hok mesian method and Holnfigsian logicality) or M. Simenon, the awe-inspiring flow of whose work has little to do with the light- hearted abstraction of reality from crime in order to provide

an-intellectual holiday. ¢

IF YOUR GUARDIAN IS LATE... OR MISSED }

DIAL

Special delivery service

missed. °

and a paper will be delivered right to your door.

a.m. to 9:00 a.m. if your paper is, late — or

6561

available between 8:30

ry

DIAL

173 Great George St. Ed's Slogan:

ei

For the Fastest Service in Town, call

~ ED'S TAXI

“To maintain the goodwill of those serve — the goal for which we strivel™ — oa

6561

5