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PAGE 4 strum).va nacmriir-zrr 29.19632.
Maintoba's Achievement
Something very special in the way of a Christmas gift has come to Manitoba, in the form of an award given by the Society of In- dustrial Realtors, an American or- ganization. for the most effective industrial development program on the continent. The states of New York. Kentucky and Florida were given honorable mention by the judges, but Manitoba headed the list. Its achievement Consisted in having “Concentrated much of its industrial expansion effort on food processing industries serving the needs of its basically agricultural economy."
This is the first time the award has gone to a Canadian province. North Carolina winning it first in 1960. amt Maine in 1961. We have no details other than those provid- ed in the Washington news item in yesterday‘s Guardian, but we gather that it carries a great deal of favorable publicity, and will cer- tainly act as a spur to further ex- pansion efforts in Manitoba. What we are chiefly interested in, however, is the fact that this ex- pansion is of the kind that we are endeavoring to make in this Prov- ince. and on which Premier Shaw placed special emphasis in the re- cent election campaign.
We are wholeheartedly behind the Government in its efforts in this connection, for we believe that if industrial expansion is to be achieved at all in this predominent— ly agricultural area it must be along the litres of food processing in the most modern and efficient manner. This is a comparatively new industry: there will be trem- endous developments in it in the near future. and there is practical- ly no limit to the profitable mar- kets it will provide for the high quality products that we can supply.
No doubt our producers and pro- cessors can obtain full information about the Manitoba movement that has brought that province into the international limelight in its food achievements. They should waste no time in doing so. Not. so long ago. Manitoba’s farm coonomy was almost entirely depend- ent on its wheat crop. It has creat- ed its own opportunities in the new line it is following, and every step in this transition is Worth close study by those concerned in the movement here.
Abuses And The Fund
Commenting on the Gill Royal Commission report on abuses that have taken place in the Unemploy- ment Insurance Fund, the Montreal Gazette notes as a “dubious recom- mendation" the proposal that the Fund should be increased. “If the Fund .were properly administered," it maintains, “the present payments might well prove sufficient. In fact, the threat of bankruptcy in the Fund, brought about largely by the abuses, has been the only real check these abuses have had. To ease this threat might only weaken the will to end the abuses. It might be better to try getting rid of the abuses first."
Better. certainly. But The Gazette concedes the difficulty in this procedure when it says that “only a Government with great fortitude and resolution would be likely to carry tho recommende tiom of the Royal Commiaelm into effect. For this would cutting \
n X
l
off all the thousands of persons who have been milking the Fund. And in order to cut them off, there would have to be a far stricter ap- plication of the rules, and a far closer investigation of cases and even intentions."
There is no doubt that this is what is needed. But with, a minority Government in power, working un- der the constant threat of a non- Confideuce vote that will send it back to the country, can the “for- titude and resolution" required for such drastic action be expected? If all the parties could come to a work- ing agreement on this issue, to re- frain from capitalizing on it for partisan purposes in their next ap— peal to the electorate. some hope might be entertained of putting the Fund on a proper basis.
But it was well known before the last election that it was threat- ened with bankruptcy; that abuses were rampant and that the Fund needed an immense amount of re- organization and a realistic screen- ing of applicants. Did that induce any party to pledge itself to a thorough housecleaning? Far from it. There were no votes to be won on that ticket; certainly not enough to offset the votes that Would be lost. We shall be glad to eat; this prediction if it turns out to be wrong, but we venture to say that this issue will prove to be just as unpopular with politicians in the next campaign as it was in the last.
CNR Reports Progress
It is encouraging to note that for the Canadian National Rail- ways. 1962 was marked by note- worthy achievements. According to the year-end re port of President Donald Gordon. operating revenues on the government-owned system showed marked improvement. and the deficit is expected to be down some $19 million from the 1961 figure. This improvement reflects aggressive sales campaigns in all services and the introduction of new facilities, services, equipment, rates and methods that enabled the railway to keep pace with customer requirements.
One of the bright spots of the year was the success achieved in the campaign to develop passenger business. This was a unique pricing scheme on a year-long experimental basis between Montreal and the Maritime Provinces; it cut travel Costs by as much as 50 per cent and levelled out the peaks and val- leys of travel patterns. "Results to date." reports Mr. Gordon, “are most encouraging.”
Current indications point to some expansion of economic activity in Canada in 1963, though the impact on the railway industry of this ex- pected increase in output is likely to be offset to some degree by keen competition from other forms of transportation. However, the (lana- dian National hopes to maintain its share of the market with a com- bination of improved services to shippers and travellers and a con- tinuation of its new sales policy.
EDITORIAL NOTES
Canada will enter a display in the Fourth World Cheese Show next year in Japan. The Canadian exhibit will in cl u d e samples of cheddar. processed cheese, cheese spreads and sticks. etc.. as well as brochm'es..recipe booklets and other advertising pieces for handing out. The displays will be taken to four cities—Tokyo, Nagoya. Osaka, and Fukuoka and will be set up in large department stores.
.
The attempts that have been made over the centuries to teach birds to whistle human tunes were reviewed recently in a British tele- vision broadcast. Until fairly re- cently. and possibly even now, birds are still being trained to sing in the Black Forest area of Germany. During the last world war the Bel- gian minister of education brought to Britain a trained bullfinch which whistled the opening bars of the Belgian national anthem. More re- cently still, the composer Benjamin Britten had one at the 1960 Alde- burge Festival that had been train- ed to sing tunes from his Spring Symphony. In Germ a ny in the eighteenth and nineteenth centur- ies bullfinches were taught in small classes. When they had been under group tuition for some time they were taken over by boys whose sole time who given to training their
G1
SEAT BELT WHERE IT WOULD DO GOOD
BRITAlN'S LATEST MOVE
Central African Federation Problems
Britain's latest move in tluat complex Central African Fedor- ation problem is in the r i g hi i direction.
At its simplest this is a pro- blem ranging over three terri- tories Southern and Northern
.thodcsia and little Nyasalandl
‘ nationalist I.
Christian Science Monitor
among three main bodies of on inion twhite supremacy. white- black partnership and African
The white supremacy group is at the top of the news at this moment. One of its leaders, Winston Field. has won an elec-
New Crisis In The Congo
Montreal Gazette
Yet another crisis seems fol be brewing in the Congo. Ai’rl- . ca's over-simmering cauldron; But while the crisis may be new in time. it has basically the l same formula as those in at 1 have come and gone in the past. , The problem is how to end the ' secession of Katanga province.’ and how to bring the entire ‘ country under some sort of sta- ' ble government. .
Some people have suggested. that the secession of Katanga‘ should be accepted. If is possi— ble that this is what will ev‘en- ‘ tually happen. I
At present. however. the Cen- t frat Congo Government, the United Nations and the United States are agreed that the coun- try must be reunited. for ‘ economic and political reasons: 1 economic. because Katanga has} such a large portion of the Con- i go‘s wealth: political. becausel as long as the country is divid- ed political instability and the‘ danger of Communist penetra-I lion will remain.
: Its
' they will have to use force to do
' But it should be clear by now that Katanga cannot be rejoin- ed to the Congo by persuasion. ‘t skilful and unscrupulous President. Motse Tshombe. has made promise after promise. and broken every one of them.
If it is proposed that moder- ate pressure and persuasion again be used to reunite th at country. the attempt might as well be given up immediately. 1
If the United Nations and the ‘ United States are determined to E end the secession of Katanga.
it. There 15 no other way it can be done.
And if. as scents possible. the United States is now encourag- ing the UN. command in the Congo to use force it nad better see that that force is sufficient. For it would be tragic if anoth- 2 er prolonged. civil war were touched off in that part of th e world. which would end, as have j all the others. by accomplishing almost nothing beneficial.
Not In 1965, But Now
Globe and Mail. Toronto
The United Nations has ap-t proved by acclamatlon a pro-. posal put forward jointly by In- ‘ dia and Canada that 19% — 1 the 20th anniversary of the Unit— T ed Nations—be designated Inter. national Co-operatlon Year. The. words have a splendid ring. if. one doesn't listen too closely. but , in the view of this newspaper, they raise some questions. 1
Why the delay in initiating co- . operation? It was our belief ] that the United Nations was founded to foster international ‘ co-operation and has little mean- ing if it does not work always 3 toward co-operation. By destg-: natlng 1965 as Co-opcraiion Year y do the nations suggest that I963 i and 1964 will be years of non-‘ co-operation? I
What kind of cooperation did ! the co-sponsors have in mind'.“ Docs India expect to be moved I to co-operation with. say. Re-- publican China? t
The fine sentiments expressed ‘ in such a resolution will have little practical results if they l are not translated into specific projects. One Canadian idea in-' corporated in the proposal was: that non-governmental organiza-1
tions be invited to' begin mak-l ing plans for special projects ' for the year. What kind of non-
governmental organizations? And why put the onus for planning on such organizations? Do gov- ernments feel that co-operation. while fine for. say. the Voice of Women, is too risky an interna- tional activity for governments?
Talking about or honoring co- operation in the abstract, though it be one on every day 1965. will not convince nations of the virtues of working together. That will come about only when governments agree together to undertake particular necessary projects together, and then get busy and do it. First small pro- jects. and then larger. so that gradually it becomes a habit for nations to unite their efforts to serve all.
This is surely the ideal to- ward which the United Nations must strive. and the striving cannot be put off until January I. 1965. If it hasn’t begun Il- ready. and we had hoped that it had. it should begin today and be a pa rt of every succeeding day.
Deboter Toke
0t awn
New members of the House of Commons are getting a wrong idea about interruptions.
If they believe they may make the most outrageous or contro- versial statements without I sound from those of opposing opinion. party w h i p a should tell them the truth. This is what happens now:
A few days ago Mr. Thomas R. Berger, NDP member from Vancouver. discussing the Cot- umbia River project. said that Canada could not achieve any substantial diversion of w a t e 1' until «to years have passed. He was Interrupted.
Works Minister Fulton: In a years we can divert 500.000 Icre-feet per annum. fter no I years respective we can divert practically the whole river.
Mr. Berger: I wonder. Mr. ChalrmIn. if you would protect me from thiI attempt of the
5 His Chances
JournI
mlnister to invade the time at my disposal.
"Protect me!
The Speaker of the House. or the chairman in committee. on call the House to order Ind of- ten does. He is not there to pro- tect. a politician from protest to the extent that he must be al- lowed to complete his speech amid respectful silence. Prime ministers are interrupted. the most respected veterans are cut Ihort In their orator-teal stride. the clip of the tongue brtnn un- kind laughter.
That in Parliament. A mem- ber making I speech 1 judge delivering judgement This is debate and in debate I man takes his chances. If he cannot abide interruption. feels it something he should be pro- ected against. he better con- fine himself to rI to Ind televi- Ilon or seek Inof field of ac— ttvtty where no will have the
E tale with them may be more via-
tcmcf ho thinka he deserves.
tlon victory over the more mo- derate and liberal Sir Edgar Whitehead, until now Southern Rhodesia’s Prime Minister.
In the wake of this upset. the British Government has in st withdrawn its support for the federation. by recognizing Nya- saland's right to withdraw from it. This has provoked a violent verbal attack on London by Sir Roy Welcnsky. the federa- tion‘s Prime Minister.
ALMOST TOTALLY BLACK
Nyasaland appears promin- ently in struggle because that area has an almost totally black population. It. has been resisting . efforts to keep it in a federation where white power is backed mainly from Southern Rhodesia. ] The victory for white suprcma- ,‘ cists in Southern Rhodesia tends i to confirm the Nyasalanders' ., suspicion of the federation idea. 1
It also is a setback for a par- ty which under Sir Edgar was too liberal to keep sufficient white support but not lihera enough to win sufficient black: support. It reflects the belief of ‘ the African nationalists th at “partnership” is a snare.
Nationalists guess they have less to fear from the white 511- ‘ premacists —— though the strug- ‘
5‘ :3
INSISTS 0N SUPPORT I
Since Southern Rhodesia de-‘ pends partly on British powert for its position in the federation. ‘2 liberal thought in Britain asf well as nationalist thought in the t federation argues that London? should call the tune for the; Southern Rhodesians. .
The latter insist London 5 u p- ' port the federation. If appearsl now. however. that Britain has. decided to try to preserve th e l economic benefits of the federa- tion through new relationships while further dissociating itself from effects to delay the coming l of black-white political equality j in Africa. "
Iscs. Your distress may
Transfusions Often Overdone
By Dr. Theodore 3. VII DcileI BLOOD transfusions are life aavtng procedural but never were intended for routine u I c. There are disadvantages and risks to the use of blood and I transfusion should not be given unless the need is worth the risk of developing I reaction. e procedure has become so Popular. it is belnl! used on per- sons who are likely to get well without it. Dr. Max M. Simon of Poughkeepsie, N.Y., told the\ International College of Sur- geons that the annual death rate from blood transfusions exceeds that for appendicitls. intestinal obstruction. and other common surgical conditions. Dr. Simon says the availability and ease of administration apparently have led to overuse of blood tram- fusions.
We are not. trying to discour- age the use of blood or blood substitutes when needed. Most of the overuse centers about the necessity of a single transfusron for a person whose blood pres- sure has dropped after a major operation. We know that if one transfusion is sufficient to re- store and maintain normal blood pressure, a relatively safe drug. such as dcxtran. would have served equally well.
The use of blood may be more dramatic but a single pint is packed with hazards. Unless there is great urgency. it is sa- fer to try other measures first.
There always is I possibility of mismatched blood because humans, even the most skilled. can make mistakcsnReactions occur also to thoae who do not know they are allergic to sub-
- stances in blood or from impur-
ities in the bottles and tubing. Serum hepatitis always is a pos- sibillty when pooled blood is used; one of the honors may have had an unrecotznized bout
of viral hepatitis. The addition '
of blood to the circulation m a y overwork the heart. leading to a dropsical condition.
Such reactions are not com- mon but must be weighed against the condition of the sick individual. There is no doubt about the value of whole blood. plasma. or a suspension of re cells when life is at stake in such conditions as shock. se- vere hemorrhage, certain forms of anemia. and to get a debili- tated person in shape for much needed surgery.
(Dr. Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if stamped. setbaddressed enve- lope uccnmpanics request.)
ELUSIVE PAIN
Mrs. RM. writes: What is the best thing to do about my p r o- hlem? I have pain and ma n doctors have put me in the hos- pital for X-rays and other tests but they all come out nega- live.
‘ Y
Be happy that pain is not of
organic origin. I don‘t know
where it is located but X-rays
- and other tests should rule out
95 per cent of the common cau-
be of emotional origin. ’ HOSPITAL STAPH
BF. writes: Why do some
ersons get a staph infection in
; the hospital and others don‘t?
EPLY We don't know. as this infec-
tion has been noted in all types . of hospitals. The bacteria usual-
ly are transmitted from the hos- pital personnel or the patients. EXTRA RIB
A.B.W. writes: Why do some people have 13 ribs? REPLY
Something .goes wrong dur- ing the development stage. pos- slbly due in hereditary tenden- cy. The 13th rib is in the neck and is called the cervical rib.
HAIR COLOR
J.B. writes: Does bleaching the hair make it grow in dark- er?
REPLY No. but the new hair appears darker by comparison with the bleached portions.
Assault On Everest
National Geographic Soclely
Americans' first attempt to. climb and explore the mysteries of Mount Everest, the world's; loftiest mountain. will begin in January.
The great peak astride the Nepal-Tibet border on the roof of the world has turned back 13 of 15 major expeditions. an American team of 20 scien- tist — mountaineers has complet- ed plans to use the mountain as I field laboratory for masstve scientific research during the spring of 1963.
The large - scale expedition is led by Norman G. Dy'men furth, of California. a veteran of the high Himalayas. Chief spon- sors are the National Geographic Society. the National Science Foundation. Office of Naval Re- search. Untted States Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Explorers Club of York. and Unlveraify of Southern Cal- ifornia at Los ngeles.
Unlike past mountaineering ef- forts. the American Mount Ev- erest Expedition of 1963 will not dlelnd when the project is com- pleted. It will become a perman- ent American Everest Founda- tion supporting future sclenuftc studies in high-mountain areas throughout the world.
TRIPLE ASSAULT
Although the expedition is primarily Icienllftc. teIm mem- bers will Ittempf to climb not only Everest moan/teen. b at her sister peaks. Lhotse (27,923 feet). the world's fourth highest. and NuplIe (3.73 feet). The triple Isuulf by separate two- man teams will take place be- tween May 2 Ind May 31. 1963. Everest ha been topped only twice; Lhotae Ind NIptII. one. each. No expedition has ever Ito tempted Ill three. Mr. ItyhrInfuI-th. I Swin WWW, ha been IIIIInb-
.l
ting the team. equipment. and funds for three years.
Dr. William Siri. I physicist on the stafff of the University of California's Donner Laboratory. is scientific director. Others in- cludc three medical doctors. I psychologist. sociololtst. Ind hlI- torian.
The scientists will study:
ta) The mental effects of ex- treme stress on the climbers IS individuals and as I ghoup. ‘
(b) The behavior at high at- titude of the adrenal. I hor- mone - containing gland that rI- gulatea body functions.
to) Glaciology on the Khumbu Glacier at Everest.
tdt Weather meteorology.
"N5‘TTE38Y
THE WAY
LIII'I JIII um:- ll freahman It Colorado Woman:I
foe attack in the rate: up while Ibo was having I hath. Within
minutes. four Denver IquId can. fire equipment III! lad'
der crewa Irrivod to
help her. —VlcforlI Colonial. -
The Swedes‘ total outstanding hire-purchase debts are estimat- ed at over Kr. 2,000 million (138.000.000 pounds; $400,000.- 000). which corresponds to Kr. 270 per person. according to I recent survey by Mr. Herman Sparring. head of the Swedish Credit Register.
While the per capita figure is far below that of the United States. it probablymakes Swed- en lead in Europe. with Britain following next. If hire-purchase trade is expressed as a percen- tage of the gross national pro- duct, the figure for the US. 8 per cent, for Britain 3.8 and for Sweden 2.5 per cent, MI. Sparring says. 0f the bots! hire-purchase trade in'Sweden. 43 per cent is ac-
.- A
A refined U.S. admiral ray: that what the world needs is more walking and less worry- ing. Of course. there will at- ways be those who will worry about the high cost of the shoes they are wearing out.— Edmon- ton Journal.
I Hire - Purchase Debts
New: From Sweden
which to the extent of 70 per cent are made on I hire-pur- chase basis. The comparative fl- gure for television set: is 65 per cent. Next radio sets. household appliances and refrig- erators, furniture. bicycles. books. musical instruments and photographic equipment.
The Swedish Credit Register. Kreditregister AB. has It pre- sent somewhat more mm 3,000 members. including department stores. retail shops, credit-card companies, financial institutes. commercial and savings banks. The register has about 2 mil- lion of Sweden's 7.5 million pop- ulation on file and keeps record of all abuse of hire-purchase operations through a constant flow of information from its
counted for by car purchases
Poor Man’s
For a small sum the curiousl can view a white bottle nosed} porpoise named Caroline Snow-‘ ball sequestered in a Mlamil seaquarium
We do not know how Carolina 5 feels about this sudden fame of hers. She must at least be ‘ amused by the sight of so many "higher cousins" ringed around to watch her play. As for us. we see in this rare albino mum- mal. with an eye for allegory. the potential degradation of great American myth
We cannot help viewing Oar- olina Snowball as the poor man's Moby Dick. (Actually. she 13 nearer to the rich man‘s white elephant, since she cost $5,000).
Rightly or wrongly. we see in
China has Served up a dish of sweet and sour for the new India - Pakistan conference on Kashmir—sweet for Pakistan. sour for India.
e conference-eve announce- ment that Communist China and Pakistan had reached a border agreement on the 30- mile stretch of Kashmir con- trolled by Pakistan was greeted with dismay. as expected. in New Delhi.
And Chinese Premier Chou Err-lat pointedly recalled in Pek- ing that his government has‘ also reached border agreements with Burma. Nepal and. just the other day. Mongolia.
Peking. by launching its bor-
Our Yesterdo ’s
(From the Gltardtan Files)
TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO ! ecembcr 29. I937
Cedric G. Boulter of Charlo-.
ttetown attended the convention l
of archaeologists in Philadel-l
phia and gave a paper illustra-i
fed with lantern slides on "The
Pottery of Troy .
The Rocky Point ferry “Fair- view" is still running but the harbor is full of "lolly" and waterfront men predict that if the recent cold snap continues. ice would form rapidly and hin-
er operations.
TEN YEARS AGO December :9. 1952 More than thirty blind per- sons of the city were entertain- ed yesterday afternoon at the Clover Club by the Charlotte- town Women's Auxiliary of the Canadian National Institute for the Blind on the occasion of their annual Christmas party. O.K. Preshy played the opening number. “0. Canada" followed by I number of Christmas Car- ols. The veteran pianist. M onf Warren then took over and con- tinued to carry the crowd in :0
John Laughltn MacDonald. formerly of Kilmulr. P.E.I.. scholarship student at the Uni- veralty of Mississippi. and bass- horn player. is one of the sev-
I School students selec- ted to play in the University of Mississippi "Ole Miss" ban . on New YeIrI Day. at New Orleans.
A
members.
Moby Dick
From Commonweal
this trapped and domesticated beast a farcical commentary on Capt. Ahab’s quest. At least D. H. Lawrence. in his "Classical Studies of American Literature," could find in the voyage of the Pequod a very type of the Am- erican adventure. Yet if there is such thing as the American folly, Carolina can symbolize at.
Actually there are compensa- tons to the contemplation
this poor. bottledup. bottlenose porpoise. They are chiefly that the number of cranks who doubt the very existence of a white whale will be reduced. For the sight of a white near relative should quiet their skepticism.
New Border Agreement
By JOSEPH MacSWEEN Canadian Press Staff Writer
der war with India, can be thanked for pushing India and Pakistan together for another attempt — however halfhearted -—lo settle the issue of Kashmir that has plagued their relations since the subcontinent won in- dependence 15 yeara ago.
Ba? even before the China- Pakistan pact was announced the prospects of the conferencI were decidedly dim.
There was little indication that Hindu India and Moslem Pakistan were willing to recog- nize that common danger from China 0 v e r r o d e their differ- ences over Kashmir.
Diplomats say the chances for success are not likely to be
-. improved by Pakistan's evident ‘sansraction at the pat on the
head it has received from ChinI while India is still s'martlng from the cuff on the ear It received from the same source.
They note also that the Sim- Pakistani agreement so far ap‘ parently is nothing more than a line on a map. Surveys would still be necessary and Peking at any time could raise new diffi-
‘ ISSUE DEADLOCKED
The issue of Kashmir. in! area of 83,000.000 square miles
Jan. 1. . when the United Nations established a cease-fire following fierce fighting and charges and counter-charges of aggression by India and Paid-
s an
The prospects of the current conference were played down by New Delhi. Rawalpindi. Pak- istani capital and scene of the talks. repeatedly was sceptical of India's sincerity.
Observers formed the impres- sion that. the two government: 2 entering the conference simply to fulfill promises made to the United States and Britain during the height of the Chinese crisis a month ago.
President Kennedy and Prime Minister Macmillan , repeated the promptings in the commu- nique at the end of their Nassau emanate sees
—--‘
I Patterson: ;
I for I ' Watch Repair: . Lu: Kern st. um um I
(9) Solar radiation.
Barry C. Bishop. a staff mem- ber of the National Geographic. plans to measure solar radia- tion at 27.500 feet. the highelt point on the earth's IurfICo where thiI research will ever have been attempted. Mr. Bish- ip wu climatologist and glacia- logisl for the 1960-81 HimalIyIn Eitpedltion led by sir Edmund liar-y and supported by the VItinnIl GeongfiItc Society. RAKEDOWN o RAINIER
Expedttlon member: recently spent two weeks atop Walling- fon State'I HMO-fool Mount Rainier checking out Ictenttflc apparatus. food. and the Meat climbing and rescue techniques. Mr. Dyhrenfurth laid the men “quickly became I cohesive and monthly functioning group."
The! citation depart in Jan- uIry or frnIndu. Nepal. They will hlre 700 porters and. in February. begin the Mantle walk to the base cImp It the foot of I: Klan
. med vulcaniomofqutmt
lama”!- mm
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food. oxyau tents. Ill acteaner
Government House
NEW YEAR’S LEVEE
HiI Honour. Major the Honourable F. W. Hyndman. ED.
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comm r-rous' I
In ‘I’IIIdIy. January I. "53 from II can. to 12:30 pan.
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