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**-_ - -ri ll \ ` 'L Y

’r ~ subsequently repented of as a misinterf '

' ` ’pretation,~ said once°~I still love to, __

lecture to my college classes on Kant. p. ' think that possibly I kiiowa little-xp

_ I

about him. But then, after all, Kant, ;1

- space~~or time. Philosophers from the

--"° of thought is that our ideas lie at the

' base of all reality; and that there can

be no rational c-rder in nature, unless it

F Wunder of thc Ciiticali

W . V attention was directed to the study of numan history, the rationalism intro- duced by him was of signal service in reducing to order and m-.thod what

Philosophy.

BY I.. R. MACDONALD

Ka.nt’s Contribution to Phil-B

osophy and the World of Thought.

------

(Concluded. )

Nothing appears more inde tiuitiile

and real to the ordinary mind than

age et Parmeindes had prsted bi th these seeming reel ties at' the base of their sys- tems. But ti Kant’s mind the very rea- sons which demonstr ted tieir existence with absolute certitude, their necessty before all pereception. tmeir unity, the unthinkehlsness ol their oppositi, pre- vgri gh im ent relysubjec-t`ve in:theTr na- ture, h- i~»g no existence outside of the mind, u. riiherinnate priori faculties of 'tha int lect whie i pr ite-_tad t'ie-r for.ns upon the face of nature. By means of these space and time, and in tifrms of these must all sense phenomena reach the mind. But how can all tiese sensa- tions meet in and form pert of our Con- sciousness?Kant has ready st hand twi Ive ‘ faegt-rise of the understuiding which seine hold u these ‘sense reducts

you see. is Kant, and the Lord madejf"

0N K him and many wonderlul works besides

and it takes time to tind out auch things." t

facts. From the chaos of type and

Kant’s main contribution to the world

s introduced by some rational mind. hen at the early part of this century

was beiore a mi rs cclls tion of unrelat id

genera and species slowly grew that syitem known as evolution.

But we haven greater witness than that of Kant. That system of Biblical ini- rpretation known as the highs r ir ticism,which has for so many years past sought to explain all Scripture in keeping with the demands of reason can be attribu ed in its origin solely I0 him. "Some men cannot accept mt-rd-1 teachings," said he, ‘-unless they be embodied in grossfr cnnceptons.” These, the superua tural in Scripture,the vehicle or envelope of pure religion. must be made subservient to the. mcral teaching they contain.

The present ritonaliitic tendency of

theology led by Baur and Strauss that has been gathering ic-rce for the past three-quart rs of a century is an eman- ‘ ation from his philosophy. ' In his system there were germs of skepticism which he did nt t recognize and undeveloped materialistic tenden- cies whose unfolding and ultmataeffett he failed to foresee. From the necess- ary outcome of these he would have re- coiled with li-_»rr. r. But his successors were not slow in discovering t1em.And modern free thought points to him as its father In fact German rationalism in all its forms turns in its origin,back to the time when the philosopher of .Konigs- bi-rg,his mind grown despoudett in his

w

upon the world the conclusions_ of his ‘ mature reflections, whose revolutionary effect it took, several generations to ap-

P .

impress tiegnoyn form upon ami are built up into appcrceptroli. 4nd

_ so .world and system 4 _our pnderstindiug has” calc:

mlieclesr, dutiart. -losigvl. 1017# Wlhai these limitations to apply i If ts the, con- siderationofthle three .grmt problem;

¢~rniw»h_,-. - .Io=~.-el eswmw -nd Gld?~&i‘_'f1l\it§4¢ut7 readily ap- panent. For how can the thinking sub- ths _vbisst °¢ its. ern Ps!- ! Gan self-consciousness ex- amine' itself? And how can one follow

._ f) if gl _ . cf is

.,..»..

dxtioned, be outside' of the series of the sensibl ' '

,these eonclu

, ther' ,_ the

destroyer of dogmas. the nnsettler-` of faith. .Meri said when his master worhf appeared, “This man has de- stroyed all faith. Hai doubts every- thing. hh( a ‘dangerous book; it is

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indeed afterwards found himself their most formidable opponent. But had no|iP».scal and Spinoza before him be- come the bitterest antagonists-of their early faith?

Kant saw God in the moral conscious-

ness. A man sure of his duty believes that right ought to win and in this sense woild it does not win and it only can win in the universe if God is at the helm. The God whom he worships is stern and majestic, does not even care to have you demonstrate His existence. Hereveals himself but to your con- science. 'lhia mau’s faith is of the kind that revcrcnces and the stars hnt has no timedor romance. Its stern- ness and devotion todcfy unconsciously reuiind:one~of-that type so character. istio of-his Scottish ancestry.

The study oi Kant: presents some

strange contrasts. The gtirst acquain- tance tills you with ag- tonishment at the boldisi,a,_tlia,origin- tht] and subtlety of his conceptions. The ditliculties met with by a deeper study have been well described as a maintain thaggrows larger as you ap- proach Lit. thcuappcars well wooded, the w°°d» have and than the ipatlis are lost in dark valleys _leading this way and that with contradictory windings There are learned men who " dd. _.nothing else than study the °°Crit_ique,"'and the habit is said to be

~ 'dangerously The titles of

,thpgifiks written about it would till a 'va e bf iuoders/e size. An American

. professor who won aDoc-tor’sd ree

ss by

a course ef lei tures ou Kant, which he

A S

e world and purely intelligible?

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“Somemen are born rebels,

_ havethe reforiaer’s_ oiice thrust upon, them.” Of,ih_is c`asl was lie' lwlig never 'girefiup an ideatill.self_ ‘ci-iticish wreatsd" it from 'his grasp' .

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