KI80ELLANE01;8.

Tun VADTNIII or Loiinos.—-We Ameri- cgng (says the Philadelphia Ledger.) are so ustotne Bi:-iiwtli of our cities, that most of us are surprised to hear that the capitals of Europe iiierease nearly as fast.—'l'he growth ol Paris, Vienna and Berlin, on the continent, and of London, Liverpool, Glasgow and Manchester, in England, have been espec- ially rapid. But no city in the old world has thriven like the gt-cat British metropolis. In IBM, for example, tlte population of London was 958,863; new it is two millions and a half; in other words, at the begin- ning of the century, it tvas ltardly more than a third as large as it is at present. We think Philadelphia, with its halfa mil- lion of inliahitants, a large town; but Lon- don is live times as large. In fact, the lat- ter city contains nearly as ttiatty inhabitants as the State of Pennsylvanitt, and more than all the great cities of the United States to- gether. Nor does there seem, at present, any likelihood of this enormous metrop ills decreasing in size. On tltc contrary, tliu-re is every indication of its continued growth. The sewerage coininissioners, in view of its probable iteeessities in the future. are already projecting a drainage for six mil- liott ofinltabitaitt.-i, a population ivhicn Lott- don will yct cotttain, ii" the iticrciii-ie goes on for halfa century, at the present rate.

It is citrioiis to cxaininc the statistics in di-tail ofsuch it vast tnetropoli.-. Every year there are Clgdl. thousand cliilili-en borti in l.oi.don, accoi-ding to the Bdiiiliui-gli Re- viow—a competent nuthoi-ity. Yvt thema- jorit_v of the adult population, in spite of this, is country born, there liaviiig oi-cu, at the last census, out of one million three huiiilred and ninety-live per.-ioiis, twenty years old and upwards, only six llLlll(ll‘t.tl and forty-live tlious-iiiil horn in Lhiidoii. Every sixtcciitli person of full age is a na- tive of li'el:tttd. There is ill\\'l.l_\5 it pi-,riii:t- nt'nt stock on Land, so to S[it'ttl(, of three hundred and titty thou.-';itiil iii.tt't'ingenlilc but unitizirried wuincn—'1'lieie’ are six htiitilrcd tliousauil scliolat~:_ six lltoitsntid schools, l\Vi?lV(' liuiitlri-tl |)l'ilt‘(‘S ol'\\'ot'.-'liip, and it tiiillion izliiitch-gt-iiig lttwplt‘. l"i|'t_v thousititil poi-sotis are iilwtiy.-i ltfslllenlﬂ lll poor lioiisos, pi-isotis, and other situatioiis, where llii-y are fed ottt of public or private re:-iout'ces. Twctity tlioii.-itid iiidiviiliials are engaged constantly in killing attd sel- ling aniitial food; thirty thousand in malt- ing and vvziding beverages; and twenty- five thousand in doctoriiig, preaching and managing law-suits.’ To co letc the cata- logue, there are thirty thousand clerks; two hundred thousand domestic servants ; thirty thousand tailors; forty thousand chair makers; and one hundred thousand needle women.

In Horace M:iyhew’s work, and in others ofa similar character, may be fotitiil statis- tics as to how this enormous population is fed. London ltas the richest as well as the

oorestipeoplc in the world among its iii-

Ibitants. Thousand of persons get up, every morning, without knowing how they are to buy it breakfast. On the other hand, there are, durin the fashionable season, saventythouaan people in London, who have nothing to do but amuse themselves. Several wealthy men, most of them noble- tncn, own whole squares of houses and stores, and receive incomes of above a mil- lion of dollars, annually, from this source. There is one acre of ground, in the British metropolis, which pays the interest, on a long lease, of four millions of dollars; and several that are worth, estimated in this not excessive way, from two to three mil- lions. eient Reine has always been thou ht to have been the richest and most popu our city that ever existed. But the best historical students concede that Lon- don already surpasses what that city was, even in its palmiest days; and even those who rate the population of old Roma at a higher ﬁgure, confess that ondon, before the end ofthc century, will be ahead.

- it takes four things to make a thorou h gentleman. You must be a gentleman in your principles, a gentleman in your tastes, I gentleman in your person, and a gentle- lttln in your mannera.—No man who does not combine these qualities can be justly _|||lIIOd the true gentleman.

H \S7..»\ttll'>~' ti t’/.t-iii ii», OCTOBER 4, °

‘i _‘ Tn: Barrisn MAN-or-Wait Henna.- 'betIrch for nearly two tiiilliuns of treasure lost when the British Man-of-War Hussar was sunk in Hell Gate, by striking against

to expatiating on the rapid 5 Pot Rock, in Revolutionary times, has been

tor some time going on by a compaity form- ed in 1850, and called the “ Worcester Htiss.ir Company," the leading parties who have invested capititl in the enterprise be- ing capitalists of \Voi-cester, At the time the Hussar sank, she had oit board iibout seventy American prisoners of war, which she was conveying to Newport, the prison ships at New York being full to overflow- ing. Aller an expliiiintioii of the newly iti- vented sub-marine iii-inor used on this occa- sion, the Boston Times says:-—

“A large variety of articles, like those already enumerated, have been brought up from the wreck by the present Company. The human bones found have been priiici- pally disjointed sections of the human skele- Connectcd with the lower bones of a large number of arms, ltuve been foinid manacles, and showing, evidently, that a part, if not all ol' the American prisoners on board, were iiianacled itiid eliained. A few days since, an entire skeleton, the first whole one discovert-d, was fouiiil. Singu- llll‘ as it may appear, the head ofthis skel- eton still coiitaiiicd it portion of brains. A chitin was Citll|lt.'t:l(*(l with it tnanncle oit the right wrist bone of this skeleton. As for the ninoiiitt ofinoiii.-y thus far recovered, the company do not tiattic the sittn, though there can be but little doubt they are tita- kiiig it it paying enterprise. Nineteen gold giiiticas, taken out it few days since, were sltoivii our reporter. Tliesc. giiincns bear diito frotit lTll to 1776. They are all of thi-iit in perfect condition. A piece was shown ofthrec giiiiicas, a crown uitil ii‘ ball‘ crown, found in one solid lump. The sil- vcr was in the centre, iind hy i:oiiiing_v in contact with the gold 4] sort of gziltiinic buttery action had taken |tl..cc, inakittg thc ivholc it compact mass. The i-lli-ct upon Vill‘lttllS other metals and siili-.t_iiiices by

as O =

;thi ir long iiiiiiii-rsioii itnili,-r water is \\'tIl'lll

tinting. Uoppet‘ and lead are not (‘.llilll' gi.-tl; ivrou-_vltt iron lit.-zcs itiipi:iiilit_\'. lint re- tains its quality; with cast iron it is Just the t-cvi-r.<e, it retains its initire hulk hut (lllnllll.~‘lIC-V‘ iii-,:it-ly one-third in \\'clglIt. Wood shows the ilt-pi-cdatiiiii of worms. (‘ocon iiiit slit-ll drinking cups look as sound as fresh oncs. But it is not for thcsc trilles, or to note the changes upon the tllfll‘I'l‘llt articles subincrgt-d, that the |)l't‘t-‘Clll company have thus far ptirsut-il and continue pursuing their work. Money- tlie recovery of $l,8lll|,0ll0—is their sole iiint atid pursuit. The cltiefdiﬁiculty thus for t-ocountercd, is represented as living the trouble of getting away the decks and timbers ofthc vessel so as to gain accessto the hold. This dilliculty is slated its now nearly removed. so that it is i.-xpectetl that what remains of the treasure uni-ecovercd, will shortly be removed. The whole time of nctital exploration varies front one to tliri-e ltottrs ii tiny, and l‘ll-‘ ilaviiiig hut five months ofthe year. lt is i-wing to the pe- culiar situation of the vessel and the vio- leitt tides here, that no more time could be expendpd in the senrclt. The company claim, that the ship has been abandoned by the British Government, and that they are entitled to all the may recover from the wreck. It is ha ly to be presumed that their claim.will disputed. ll’ erlterprise and perseverance are entitled to any re- ward, the present company richly merit all that they may gain from their protracted labours.”

The reduction of the Army will, we be- lieve,talte place from the lot of October, when all Regiments of the Line that served in the Crimea will be placed permanently on a Peace Estsablishment of 12 compan- ies. As these regiments had been raised to I6 companies, the reduction of 12 com- panies will necessarily send a large number of ,otlicers .on half pay. Nominally, the reduction of men will, however, appear greater than it really is ; for, of course, all the vacancies in other regimontl will be supplied, so far as they can, from the regi- merits in course olrsdoction. I-Iencefoi-th the strength ol the regiments of British Infantry will stand at 1000 rank and file.

'l‘llE NOVASCOTIAN RAILWAY. elow are given some extracts from Mr. llowe’s election speech at Windsor.

“Assuming all done—-railroads to Windsor. Cumberland. and Picioi'i—we will have spent .Cl. 200,000 currency’ of which the city of Halifax in to contribute .€l00,000 ; Province paper will perhaps give us £l00 000, and surplus revenue 1550.000; reducing the [run amount by £250, 000 to £950 0'l0 ; on which the Province would have to pay interest, if the Roads paid nothing. Now, I quite admit, that if this were the ease-— il our Roads were to be constructed at that cost and yield nothing. it would be a matter of very grave consideration for the people of Novsscotia in to whether they should go on ; and I feel it my ditty to make the explanations, so that every man in the countr_t‘ may understand what we are about I tltiiik I can show yoit reasonable grounds for believing that the roads will pay. My calculations in-iy be somewhat prcmatnre—otir futitre experi- ence may disturb tltem—but I have taken the best elements I can get, and reasoii only upon trust. I lltlltl in my hand a statement iif the planner traﬁic on the section between the Richinond ter- minus and Sacltville—a little piece bcgiiininii nowhere and ending nowhere—t'or in point in fact, our road does not yet touch eiilier city or country. That little piece paid last year its work- ing expenses and two and a half per cent besides. It was said that last year it was a novelty—peoplv travelled on it, because it was it new thing ; aiid, tlterefore, that the first summer fortneil an unsati- basis for calculation. We may assume that the riovi-lty lltttl worn olfin 1856, and yi-t the first eight months of this year present the results :—

I’assangers carried in 1856,

.lann:ir\', 2709 February, 2168 March, H99 April, ‘2i‘i4l ﬁlmy’, 3l‘ll5 June, 4750 July. - 5789 August, 6636 making a total of 29.986 in night nionilis. Thi- :ii-xt four inoiitlis must he i-qually priiiliictivv.

land ifthi-y ari-, we shill have Ci|l'llL‘tl -15 000 .“ii|,ir. tho vi-nr. 'l'lte gross rctiirns “ill |)l'I'lJ8lJl_V ,lii~ nlioiit .i§3 (W0, i-ovetiiig this \vorkitt'.' t'xpeii.=ett land about ‘.33 per I'tflII on the road. 'l'he it-stilts, l tlterofori-, are \‘t’I'}’ t‘ll(‘t')Il[:t,'__YlJl[1- l have no ‘_ilotilit “'ltt‘ll we git otit ii.to the it-oiuls and girl

li:ill'ot' tlic llllIltt‘l'. the (‘ irdtriiod and rigriciiltura lpriiiliit'i> of this rich r.-oi.ntrv. our tr-ti:ri.s \til| l.)I.'

l\'l'l'V ll-'lll(l57(Dl(|l’ lllllt‘t‘il lint st.-siiiiio: that our Mine.-i do not put‘ more tli:tn '2 pi r i-viii, up .-h; !- !h;\\,'i- all ilio roizl.-'. l.it'ilit.iliiii_z the liii.-zni--5 of thi- it-oiiiiiry to :i riirv l1lI'|_'l" f‘Xlt'ltl, i-oniii-i-ting: the At- ’l'lll'.l(‘. .-~ tl>(I1lf|l\\lllI llll‘ Ii.-_\' of l*‘iiiiili , and ll») ftioll‘ oi ‘L l.:i\\ri-tii-i- and (Z-iitibvtlaiiil. and tlio \|'lIt‘l" 1‘lIIU'llll to ho boine on i:-ir pulvltc trr-asiiry. ‘slioiil-l tlii- nt’Itl prove only as l’t’lIllltIt‘|'3ll"'l‘ as the ‘ |ilt‘(‘t‘ we ll ivc made now is. wtittlil l)l5 .C3‘.3,‘25(l. l Now, I \\lll llI'| attetnpt to show :iiiy ttian heri-

how .t.'3‘.!.()0() cin he raised in Novascotia. l have not the sliulitcst doubt that even if tie had to put it, the amount could be raised b_\' thi- natural increase ofthe country in two or three years. and even if that were not the case, it would not take me five minutes to project a ﬁnan- t'llIl sclii-iiie to place the money in the hands of the Flllltllclﬂl S»-t-rotary, But, gentleman, having given voii fiiirlv the worst side oftlie picture. let ,me turn in the other. lsuppose, and conﬁdi n l_v

hope for this .’l'Sllll, that these Railioads, when ' niziili», will p:i_v their working cxpeiisas, and the interest on the money too. VVe shall then have selfsiisi:iininr,1 and productive property worth a million ofmoiiey in our midat—giving nquicltoiiing imp-ilsi-. to every branch of itidttiitry, and an lllt‘.-lclllztltlt‘. met to the valtie of Real Estate. 1 hope I may not taking too ﬂorid a view til‘ subject: butl conﬁdently believe the picture is not too llattsrinn—that yours will yet be a richer, |.appii=,r, and more prosperous country. and that we shall have the blessing oi’. God on these great undertakings.

"Papa. what do the letters M. I). mean behind a doctor’: name 1'’ “They used to stand for Illedicine Doctor, but now they mean ‘Money Down,’ since physicians cannot recover their toes at law ; so they give no credit , but can take it. if the pstient recovers.”

-_ji—-o—.—j-i

EPIGRAIIIATIO Cotiii-rsnii-.—A certain Mr. Page, rather an ancient beau, charmed by a youth- ful fair one, sent her a glove, with these lines :—

"Fiom Glove, cut ct!’ the initial letter G, Then Glove is Love and that I send to thee."

The lady, who doubtless considered her youth and beauty too valuable to be bostowedpn a suitor an antiquated, returned the glove with the follow- ing couplet :-

“From Page cut of the initial letter P, Then Page is age, and that won’tjdo for me."

A GALLANT Dvlit.-—A lady being in want ofa

something ofa wag in his line. The lady call and salted-—“Are you the dying man 1” "No ma'ani: I'm a ' ' man, bntI will dye for you ! " romptl rep ird the man of many colors, puttingt eemp asis where it was need .

l Mas S-row: sun ‘run Quuiv.—Antong llI0§e.8lICml)led on Thursday morning at 'the King’s cross terminus, to witness the departure efthe royal fiiniily for Scotland, Willi _rI. Harriet Beecher Stowe. On the arrival of the royal party, Mrs. Stowe took the opportunity of presenting, through Colonel Grey, her new work ‘ Dred,” in two volumes, just hot from the press. On leariting that the fair authoress was present, both her Majesty and Prince Albert came foi ward and gave her a gracious and friend-' ly recognition, accepting the book with evi- dent pleasure.—EdivtburgIt Express.

An attempt is making in the mctropolid to introducd female employment into the watch trade. ’

By the new Mercantile Amendment Act no person is to be entitled to bar the_stiitiite of limitations, by reason of his being, at the time the cause of action or suit accrued, beyond the seas or in prison.

Recent accounts from Nicolaieﬂ_' state that -the prize money for the capture at Sin- ope is being now divided among the persons

who took part in that alliair.

A Paris letter in the Presse Bclge :— “ M. do Rothschild, in the expectation of obtaining the concession of the 'l‘raiisat- lnittic line of steamers, has pnrclia.-ed for I’. 8,000,000 one ofthe principal sliip-biiild- iiig yard of Ilavre.

A RAti.w,tv P.ti.Act-:.—'l‘lie new rnilwziy train built by the Ui-li-zins cotnptiny for the l”.iitpi-ror is Cttﬂlptté-’l,'tl ol live carriages. No I forms ll diiiing-rooiii and sttlnmi tor the aiilcs-dc-caiiip, with kitclien and dres-

.-iiig room. No. ‘.3 fortii.-‘ it kind of l('l'l‘:|C0 and is all iimile of ivroiiglit iron, poli.-lied, iinil of heiintifnl iwilttiiaiisliip. No. 3, \\'lIlCll is the state c:ii-i-i::;,zi-, or ivci-ption salon, is surtiioiinti d by this liiipi-i-in! CI‘-'i\vn it is cotiiposcd ofnii niitt-—cliaiiiibci-, with loliliiig doors for t'i-fit-.-'liiiii~iits. No. Al is the

ltt*ili'o0Ins ' for the laidir.-' of lioiioui‘ ; hed- I'0t«ll) for the l':ll1[lt‘litl' and l".iiipi~o.-x, with at cradle for tho l’rinct-, linpt-rinl, ili'c-sitig-

dyer, was referred to an excellent workman,.

t'o-it:i.-*. g\'(‘. No. 5 is :1 “'(llllll;{'l‘Iiivl|l for tho si-itiints, place for liiggitgi-, and also has lavupl-oa.iltzoiitiiiiiitg cviry kiiiil of tool that could ho i't-tpiiivil in case of an acci- dent. All these cat'i-iiigis nit-. dicoriitcd and furiiislicd with the greatest rlegnnce. Tlioso ﬁve carriages are said to Love cost 220,000 francs. 3

SINGULAR VVitiii.ir. l"icii'r.— A whale 6‘! feet long, was picked up at sea about, three weeks ago, and taken ashore at Ny- l)Sl.€l‘, some 12 miles from Wick. It seems that the whale was not drifted dead from tltc Greenland sens, but that he had fallen in single combat with an other monster of the seas. The conflict, which took place about a mile and a half from the shore, and which was witnessed from the lan by in number of fishermen and others, is describ- ed as hating been protracted and bloody. The two iitonsters kept battling with each other, at times with their heads and at times with their tails, rising a tremendous spray for a distance of many yards. After a ﬁerce and close encounter, they would each retreat for a considerable distance, and after a brief rest would again meet in collision, approaching each other with lo- comotive speed, at the rate of some 50 or 60 miles an hour. On recovering from the stunning effect of such an attack, they would again resume the light, rising up into the water, spring up from 20 to 30 feet, an coming down on each other with fearful vio- lence. Meanwhile, the sea for a great dis- tance round about had assumed a bright red colour, indicating that an immense quantity of blood had been shed. For three hours the battle was prolon ed ; at the close of which,one of the who as became motionless, and the other retired from the field of battle. Next morning the whale referred to was found not far from the spot where the en- gagement took place, and from various marks in his body’ including a broken jaw- bone, there is no reason to doubt that he was one ofthc two belligcrenta of the pre- vious aﬂernoon.—JVorth¢rn nsigii.

A facetioiis tradesmen. alter having repeatedly announcsed that he was selling of. has now pla- sarded his house with bills stating that ho is ulliitg on I