l “TKPRIL 2s, 1927

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THE CHARLOTTETOWN (lUARDIAN

WOLFE LEADING .-

Many incidents of Wolfe's siege of Quebec reveal the immense contrasrbetween the methoclse of warfare of to- day and those of two centuries ago. The story of the battle on the"Plai‘ne ofl Abraham, In particular, illustrates, in many curious details, the way in which our soldier forefathers fought.

By sunrise on. the 13th of September, 1759, WMWS army had gained its position on the heights to the west of the city, and taken ground in a line extending from the brink of the cliff above the St. Lawrence to the edge of the slope descending to the valley ofl the St. Charles. Out |n_~the open, in front of the line of infantry, were placed two glx-pounder guns, which had been dragged up the cliff by the sailors of the fleet. drawn up two menideep, with a slight lnLerval between each battalion, but each man. rubbed shoulders with his comrades. and the rear rank was but a pace behind the front. This disposition. Wolfe's own invention and an ab- solute innovation at the time, was the first "thin red line" in military history. Conspicuous In the line were the Fraser l-lighiandcrs, with kilts’ and Scotch caps, and the Grenadiers, the bombing sections of their day, the tallest and heaviest men in each regiment, wearing high conical hats, who, iniaddltion to the usual infantry weapons carried grenades, small cannon bails with fuses attached which they lighted and thew by hand as they advanced. All wore red coats with facings of yellow, buff or blue, with white knae-brssezqss and stiff plpe-claycd belts and galters.

The French army poured out from the city gates and formed about half-past nine’ o'clock on the rising ground aboutayquarrter of a mile from the British. Montcalm, hQp_ ing to be able to break their thin line before they had time to entrench themselves, arranged his men six ranks deep on a narrower front, five battalions of French regu- lars in the centre with three battalions of Canadians and some Indians on the flanks. Some of the regiments were dressed in white uniforms, while the remainder wore blue.

>._._____._

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THE BRITISH, AT THE BATTLE

Both armies carried their flags into battle, and ‘ell along each line fluttered the colors of each retlilnorlt, the hiuv the white with golden flcur-dc-lis ol‘ the French and the red and white crosses of England and Scotland on the bii-ie field of the British ensigns of that day. forty years before tile crossQof St.‘ Patrick was added. '

Conspicuous in a rlew uniform, which he had put on that morning, Wolfe walked along his line. giving his final instructions. The British were ordered to stand firm. with- out firing, till he gave the word. They were armed Will muzzle-loading flint-lock muskets and lor this enoagtmem each man loaded his musket with two blliiﬂs- at the right. each battalion was to fire a volley i" Wm F" down the line, the rear rankfiring over the shoulders of t 1c front. As each battalion discharged its voile)’ it W" w advance twenty paces, loading as it went, and then ilali and .fiire continuously and rapidl)’ um“ ‘he “d” was 9W“ to charge with fixed bayonet!»-

These orders were obeyed to the ioiler- The FFBVW“ regulars advanced in perfect parade-ground formation, hillt- ed and fired a heavy-volley, and again came forward, while the Canadians and Indians fired continuously on the flanks. from under cover of bushes ad hollows in the Qimmd- N“ a shot came from the silent ranks of the British infantry in return, though many men fell all along the line and wolfe himself recelvuLtwo wounds, which he colicﬁaled "ﬁr" the knowledge of his troops. Only the two small 9"" W‘ l" front fired grape-shot Into t2r¢ advancing columns, um" 0" the nearer approach of the enemy they were draqﬂﬂl ha“ behind the British line.

Nearer and nearer came the French, till but fort)’ Paces separated the opposing forces. Wolfe W" ti" “d” to fire to the Louisburg Grcnadiers, at whose side of tile right 0i‘ the line he stoodDown the thin line ran the double- shotted volley, from battalion to battalion, in quick 5W- cession. delivered with such preciosion that each dischartlc

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sounded like that of a single great gun. Under this terrific‘, ' fire, poured into them at so snort a distance, the crowded’ ‘ ' six~deep French battalions were shattered to pieces, and _ when within five or six minutes the smoke harl eiearec away, they were seen to-be in hopeless confusioeil. Wolfl. Q==¢ Ilyfade in Canada gave the order to advance and began to lead forward the Grenadiers. Almost at the same moment h;- rgceived hisl g *" ’ " W ‘ " ' Y ~ third and fatal wound. and was carrid dying to the rcanl while his troops rushed forward to complete the rout of the broken enemy. Montcalm, in a vain effort to stem the re treat, received his mortal wound, and was borne along withf . I the fugitives within the walls of the my. ‘

Fifteen minutes sufficed to decide the issue of the én ‘max S e e —-- counter, with consequences to the destiny o1 our country , and the course of humall history which mark it as one Oil P i A

the most important battes of the world. POHCY

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0F THE PLAINS A l

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The picture shows Wolfe at the moment of the advance, of the Grenadiers. His figure is long-bodied, meagre 371G ungainly, his profile oddly triangular, with turned up nost and retreating chin; his red hair is tied in a long, straight‘ pigtail. Such are the details one gathers from contempon, ary portraits arl-d descriptions. He wears a sharply cocks; black hat laced with gold braid, a new bright red coat with lonk skirts looped back showing the inner lining of blue satin, tight knee hreechcs over which are drawn. galters, reaching to his mid-thigh and gartered below the knee. l-icl carries a short straight cross-hiitcd sword or hanger, with l out a guard. The actual sword, of this shape, said to have been carried by him on the day of battle, is preserved inl an English museum. The Grenadiers wear high caps withl

. tuft .. a... peak, decorated in .._....._,.,... . _.........,...gIn Inaugurating His Policy 0f Inlproved Temperance, Premier Slewir? 11"“ His Trust in the Peovh He Does Nov Believe * gzjvfrgngiibfrnﬁsg ﬁllfag.s.gtab:c.ri.vzﬂzjlngfljﬁ".35$‘ that 1t 1s Necessa y t0 Place the People in Seclusion t0 Give ' l Thom Self-Control. Train the-Young. Trust the Old, Know- ledge iS Strength is the Foundation of True Democracy, and that is the Liberal-Conservative Policy 0n the Liquor Ques~ tion.

WHAT IMPROVED TEMPERANCE MEANS.

,1‘—~Tl_1e Temper-since (Jommission shall be empowered to issue per-

: Ynlts good for a speciﬁed quantity of liquor. , , .

l2.—.—No perlnit shall be issued to anyone under twenty-one years of i age. . n - -

r3~—Regu1ations shall be rigorously enforced, to prevent fraud and

1 misrepresentation in the use of permits. ~

Ill-Permits shall not be transferable, and si all be liabielto batten-L‘ i’ l celled should it be proven that the grantee has been, guilty of , drunkenness, neglect of wife and family, or has become by habit“

and repute, an idler or profiigate person.

fo-No additional vendorshipto those already in existengis silence ‘ made by the Telnperance Commission. ‘A-Iy Incgrpqzaiied ‘E 1 deslrlng a. Vendor shall proceed by of pjeti Itoth l nor-ig-Council, whibhﬁftho petiiiiprl-bg cihiiidei ' it ; tive, shall order a plebiscite L’; k, .

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