yrnbe FOUR ‘THE GUARDIAN

_\ lllnrlllrig Dlllly (Founded in Hill?) Authorized us hn-i-irnrl (‘Inna Mull, Punt Office llcpzrrtnii-ur, llltnuu.

Tho Iralnnil llnn l'llIlIIllI.lIllI Fa. Idltnr um] unn Ifirrrfur‘, .|. u. uni-neat. Alalrflllll‘ _ l-‘rnuk Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than tlre Weakest Ink"

\\'I:‘D.\'I'ISDAY, AUG. 31, 1949

CHARLOTTETOWN.

The Newfoundland Market

lThe Corner Brock (Newfoundland) Western Star reports that Prince Edward lsland farmers are already backing orders there for delivery of potatoes qr $l.70 per barrel, landed in Corn-er Brook, "While this may be good news for cus- tomers who will welcome the opportunity to purchase vegetables at lower cost," it says, "it presents a prsblzm in principle, which is of grav- est concern to both the people and the govern- ment. The problem is, how are Newfoundland farmers going to meet this competition?"

The competition, according to our Corner Brook contemporary, stems from many causes, chief among them being (l) the low rates ($65 to $85 per month) paid for farm labour in other provinces, (Z) the removal of import restrictions, (3) the lack of mass production methods in the local field, and (4) the absence of a sound mar- keting system, lt suggests that the time has come for a thorough survey of the situation "by competent persons." One fact, it adds, appears quite obvious: thc small farms will in future be out of the picture insofar as marketing is can- cerned. No country can afford to pay the prices which must be asked by farmers who are trying to earn a livelihood by "hand raising" crops of vegetables on eight or tcn acres.

The Wosrcrn Star odds that "Premer Jones "has sent shiplsods of vegetables North, South, East and West in Newfoundland. He has stated that a firm market is to be developed here. That is good business for his Province and he cannot he blamed for going after it. But we, too, are an island province and must combine our export policy with a vigorous policy of production for consumption, if we are to avoid financial col- lapse." '

The fact, of course, is that Prince Edward lsland growers are not so much competing with Newfoundland farmers in their own market, as with exporters from other potato growing pro- vinces. This applics to other farm products as well. Agriculturally Newfoundland has always been dependent upon imparts and Prince Ed- ward lsland is only now regaining a portion of tho trade we enjoyed in years gone by witn the Ancient Colony in farm products- of all kinds. But we do not expect or desire this trade to be entirely one-sided. Newfoundland has ex- port commodities of her own in which we are interested, and it remains only to develop the two-way trade channels to mutual satisfaction. This, we understand, is what Premier Jones and Premier Smallwood have been endeavoring to do, The Western Star could make a helpful contri- burtion to the discussions by emphasizing this fact and listing the products which Newfound- land could market advantageously here and else. where throughout the Moritimes.

"Profits Most” —— What!

The following from Rotary Whizz, Ottawa, carries its awn striking moral:

ln I923 n vcry important meeting was held at the Edgewater Beach Hotel in Chicago. At- tending this mceting were 10 of the world's most successful financiers. Those present were:

(1) The president of the largest independent Steel company.

(2) The president of the National City Bank.

(3) The president of the largest utility com- pany.

(4) The president of the largest gas com- pony.

(5) The greatest wheat speculator.

(6) The president of the New York Stock Exchange. .

(7) A member of the President's cabinet.

(8) The greatest "bear" in Wall Street.

(9) Hcod of the world's greatest monopoly.

(10) President of the Bank of International Settlements.

Certainly we must admit that here were gathered n group of the world's most successful men. At least men who had found the secret of "making mcncy." Twenty-five years later, let's see where those men are:

The president of the largest independent steal company, Charles Schwab, died a bankrupt and lived on borrowed money for five years be- fore his death.

The president of the great utility company, Samuel lnsull, dicd a fugitive from justice and penniless in a foreign land.

The president of the largest gas company, Howard Hopson, is now insane.

The greatest wheat speculator, Arthur Cut- ten, died abroad, insolvent..

The president of the New York Stock Ex- change, Richard Whitney, was recently released from Sing Sing Penitentiary.

The member of the President's cabinet, Al- bert Fall, was pardoned from prison so he could die at home.

The greatest "bear" in Wall Street, Jesse Livermore, died a suicide.

The head of the greatest monopoly, lvar Krncger, died a suicide. .

All of these men learned well the art of making money, but not one of them learned how to lival

Britain’s Situation

The Associated Press Bureau in Washington cites Administration officials there as being favorably impressed by Britain's position as u bulwark against the intrusion of influences alien to true democracy. This is indicated also in the- rtaternants by President Truman at the Ameri- can Legion convc tion reported in yesterday's new! columns Su admissions, notes the Globe and Mifb to coincide with informa- §nrfiord Crippc in London

which throws a sharp light on what his Govern- ment actually is acccmplishing in this regard.

By slashing five per cent from next year's Budget appropriations, the British Government is taking a material step toward saving £150,- 000,000. Such a reduction in, national revenues would have a good influence in lowering British costs and thereby enabling her to meet export requirements more readily, and to that extent ease the dollar strain now threatening her-econ- omy. The opinion prevails that no part of this revenue loss will be charged to the maintenance of the armed services — which leads to his sec- ond point.

The armed services require ane-quarteroof the Government's present income. As that in- come is budgeted at 8,000,000,000, the cost in- dicated for keeping the Kingdom's Army, Navy and Air Force at current levels runs to £750,000,- 000 annually. A considerable portion of these services is on duty abroad. The work they are doing is certainly not for the exclusive benefit of British, nor even sterling bloc interests. They are standing guard for the whole democratic world.

The five per cent cut in spending by the Government would reduce the aggregate tax to 35 per cent of national income. There is talk of a possible 10 per cent cut, which would lower tax income to 30 per cent of national in- come. To maintain the armed services at the present rate of £750,000,000 per year obviously would require that most of the economies would be effected in home services. _

The Chancellor indicated that these cuts are not the result of outside pressure. But the sacrifices involved certainly go a long way to. ward meeting some points already raised by the United States in connection with the p05. sibility of further dollar aid to Britain.

EDITORIAL NOTES Official ending ofwGregt War i 192i.

Florida can have its hurricanes. A gale such as Monday night's one is a close enough substi- tute.

i I I

General Crerar does not believe in leaving our defences to chance in view of the possibility of a third World War. Be prepared now. he advised a Toronto gathyerirlg.

Teachers and the Minister of Education are certainly at loggerheads. The teachers could, of course, take their grievances to the Premier except that it would be an appeal from Caesar

to Caesar. O I I

Ontario consumers have been warned that coal prices will be advanced Septembergl be- cause of American freight rate and price in- creases. The some factors do not altogether ap- ply here, but there is little doubt but that we will have the higher prices anyway.

Ontario pays their Speaker $3,000 per an- num because they can afford to do so from their ample resources. Prince Edward lsland pays our Speaker $600. in accordance with our restricted financial resources. No one would sug- gest both provinces should be placedon the some footing of remuneration in this respect.

a a a _ There ls no more loyal and patriotic part the Empire than the Ancient Colony now Province. lt was only natural that u... first visit of His Malaria/S nevresentfltlvs. Viceroy Lord Alexander and his Viscountess should create scenes of enthusiasm and welcome such as reported from St. John s. it was more than a Red Letter day for thcm; it marked the beginning of a new era both for Newfoundland and Canada.

of our Tenth

i I O

Ten years ago on August 26, 1939, a num- her of units of‘ Canada's Non-Permanent Ac- tive Militia receivad an urgent calllto arms.‘ Approximately 100 units and formations were affected by the order which constituted this country's first maior step inpreparedness !l1 anticipation of war. The majority of these men were immediately assigned to guard duty all armouries and military buildings throughout the Dominion. Less than a week later, on September 1, 1939, the calling out on active service and the organization of the lst and 2nd Canadian Divisions as thc Canadian Active Service Force was authorized. The order entailed the immed- iate mobilization, equipping and training of thousands of men, although war was not de- clared by the Government of Canada until Sep- tember 10, 1939. lt was these NPAM units plus a handful of professional soldiers then serving in the Permanent -Force which formed the nucleus of the largest and hardest hitting army Canada has yet put in thc field. That Army, in March, 1944, reached a peak strength of b!!! 500,000 men and women.

John Bunyan, English religious leader and writer, died this date 1688. Born near Bedfard of humble parentage, he spent o happy, careless boyhood, but it was gradually borne in upon him that he was extraordinarily wicked, although he never seems to have lived an immoral life, swearing being his only vice. He married in 1648, gradually gave up his amusements and dancing, and led a solitary religious life, but could find no inward peace. At length he be- came happier, and preached the gospel. But nonconformist preaching was not tolerated and in I660 he was imprisoned in Bedford lail. In prison he wrote his Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners, describing his own religious conflicts. He was released for a short time in I662, and again imprisoned till 1678. in that year appear- ed his Pilgrim’s Progress, one of the most fam- ous religious books in English. Before his death it was read widely in England, New England and by foreign Protestants. Written in the form of an allegory, it has appealed to successive gencra- tions of readers.__ lie was pastor of Bcdford Church for sixteen years. He published The Life and ‘Death of Mr. Badman, and more than 50 other works: "He who bestows his goods, upon the poor shall have as much aoain, and ten times

more}?

i THE GUARDIAN

idem...

FROM “IN MEMOR-IAB!"

I envy not ln any moods

The captive vold of noble rage,

The llnnet born wlzhln the cage.

That never knew the summer woods;

I envy not. the beast, that taken His license in the field of time, Unfetteaed by the sense of crime, To whom a conscience never wakes;

Nor. what may count itself as blest. The heart. that. never plighted truth But. stagnates in the weeiis of sloth;

. CHARLOTTETOWN Farming, A Brotherly Occupation

Nor any want-begotten rest.

I hold lt true, whafeer ‘oefazl;

I feel it. when I sorrow most;

‘Tls better to have loved and lost. Than never to have loved at all.

—Lora Tennyson.

i Old Charlottetown can r. u. u

__-

POOR FIRE PROTECTION

building belonging to Theo. Chap. pell. Esq. and occupied as a ware- house and work-shop. The con. flflkratian was so rapid that scarce- ly an article could be saved. "We have to resret the unpre- pared state this town ls in for an accident of this nature. We did not see a fire-hook or ladder on the ground, which are usually ap- pendages to an engine; indeed we are informed that such articles are not owned by the public.

"The utility of an Engine Com- pany has been long talked of, but we believe has never been effici- ently organlzed; the necessity is so obvious of persons being trained I" ma! dull’. needs no further comment."

—Prlnce Edward Island Register, Jan. 24, 1824. In a subsequent le- sue, a correspondent signing him- self "Proprietor of a Log Hut" suggested the provision of "two or more puncheons each placed on a light sleigh and laid an their bilge with a scuttle cut ln the upper part, and a splggot ln one of the heads; by this means half n doz- en men, or one horse, would con- vey water from any distance, and with that which could be handled in buckets, by the inhabitants forming in Ilne, would be suffici- ent to keep the Engine employed. The sleigh: might have axle-trees an which trucks could be placed if required to be used when the ground was clear from snow." It appears from this letter that the Fire Wardens when appointed were numbered l, 2, 3 and 4, each hav- ing the immediate charge of the pumps bearing his own number. The pumps, however, not infre- quently were out. of order.

Labor's Responsibilities (By Bruce Blossat)

Labor Day ls the moment. of the year when our politicians remind the worklngmun that. he ls the backbone of the nation and recite for him the long llsc or rights and privileges to which he l-s heir.

We prefer to talk about. the op- posite face of those rights and privileges-the worker's duties and responsibilities.

There Ls no question chat. or- ganized labor has achieved a. foli- measure of maturity since the first. wild days of ltis new-found Strength in the depression 1930's But its leaders still shout. too much of rights and not enough of duties; and it: rank and flle ls Still too insistent ln exerci-Sing its privileges and insufficiently con- cerned . about. its responsibllltlel.

Labor wants a rising floor under, wages. but no celllng. 1t. wants full protection. in its right to strike but acts ais if li. should be exempt from penalty when people are hurt. or property ls damaged while a strike ls on. It wants u, freedom for itself that it is un- willing to actor-cl to others.

Admittedly. labor is not alone in this stress an getting instead of giving. The farmers Loo often have exhibited a slmllar attitude! And for a long spun in U. S. his- IOFY. buslnessmen behaved in the some fashion. Government and the Ereater strength of rival groups curbed their more irrespon- eible uses of freedom, but; many businessmen still resent any check- rcln on their activities.

This one-sided, immature ap- proach cannot be condoned in any group. But today it just happens to be labor's turn to be lectured.

So we call upon worklngmen to give more attention to the two- si-ficciness o! lilo. in measure thclr role in society fairly 1n 1115113 to other groups, to recognize that kovernment an a. referee must balance labor‘: needs and right: against the welfare of farmers and businessmen and the whole public.

Too many labor leaders have

themselves with all humanity and thus labeling crltciam an on at.-

They would do better to urge, "Don their men u msparrslblllty to act under the same lawn that] goyern others; to accept a m]; in‘ society equal to their numbcrs,i their ability and their eharncteni rather than to try to be the whole show; and to develop a new pride of workmanship to replace _ thall which vanished when the minutely subdivided tasks of muss produc-l lion Pushed the proud craftsman! off the scene.

Wflrkinamen with this sort of‘ attitude would greatly enhance Il- l bot‘: stature and enrich their eon. trlbution to Ameflcan living.

_______... aaoaoeoeaoccccomaasaoorc- unmounted

magi-unison i

I have eel a watchman upon thy walla. 0 Jerunlell. which

shall never bold their peace lay’ or night

"Yeiiefdfly a fire broke out in a .

| fallen lnta the habit of ldentifylngl l

$941k "Don "people" ln the large. '

Britain's Economist Dunkirk

(Ronald Stead ln the christian Science Monitor)

At. times like these. when Am- erican crlucism of Britain fills the air lt ls reassuring to know that. the British will come safely through their economic Dunkirk. You cannot. know that, of course, unless you happen to be British yourself. And even then you cw- not. justify the opinion by facts or estimates. These point to quite the contrary conclusion. But there ls past. experience to draw upon-such as the complete unim- portance of the facts and esti- mates which showed most logical- ly and conclusively that . Britain was beaten militarily in the Spring of 1940.

As many America-n: were con- vinced of that then as they are oonvlnced today of Britain's de- feat economically. ‘But my quaint countrymen could not see it at all. The absurd thlng is that they were right.

I remember an American news- papcrman thumping on the desk In London at that time and asking most. impatiently. "flavour you people enough sense to know when you are through?"

The same question has been asked recently 1n various farms as I have moved around in the United States.

O I

The answer, of course. is “No." To justify it, as far as possible one looks to the past, not the future. For in the past. lie the historical reasons for knowing that the fu- ture somehow wlll answer the economic problems which appear so completely baffling to the Bri- tlsh now. The British slogan for today is "Hold on and look for the WNW-lust as it was in those dark days of 1940, when the military prospects were so utterly and lo- gically bleak.

This ls a time for mutual faith if the British and Americans are not to cast away the fruits of British tenacity then and of Am- erica's victorious war effort sub- sequently.

The solitude of the British lu 1940 did not make sense. in the light of the then hard facts. But it makes an encouraging memory today.

At tihat time I went down to the coastal zone where untrained soldiers without guns awaited the first invasion of Britian since 1066. I toured the region on a vain quest for somebody who bo- lieved in the appearance of‘ things sufficiently to admit defeat. No- body obliged.

illogical elderly gentlemen with shotguns said that the soon- cr the German armies tried to invade England the better, be- cause lt would teach the Nazis a lesson. Women living in flower- surrounded cottages declared firmly that they would not even offer a German paratrooper a

cup of tea if he descended in the garden. They alluded, darkly indeed lo new uses for carvinrr A troop

knives. commander"

whose ammunition did not. fli. his guns, reckoned that the enemy massed about 20 miles away, across the English Channel, would not dare to take the chance of striking.

The classic recollection far me, however, is furnished by a de- mure and pretty member of the prewar London secretarial staff of the Christian Science Monitor. Al. the very outbreak of war she joined the Women}; Avid-liar)’ Air Force. She was stationed in an area where there was once a false invasion alarm. _

"What did you do?" I inquired when hearing of this. "l sharp- ened my nail file," responded Roma gently bu: seriously.

O

The great point is that these persons were not acting. They were just. being their awn pecul- iar selves. -

They broke themselves as_ a nation financially, by throwing all they had into a fightgwblch they supported alone umil flue United States could arm and yam

in.

From the time that happened. the spotlight swung away from Britain to the United Slates. Naturally. Now it isback on the British again illuminating their postw r economic chaos — chari- ing i up to socialism _wi‘th ivhich the old home of capitalist conservatism is experimenting in

4m quest. for a middle way that

America itself may have to find some day. _

American criticismtof the Brit- ish can be stimulating. It has been so stimulating to United States airmen in England that they have adopted a voluntary conduct code with the 'slogan “Don't Let's Be Beastly to the British." Remember, says the eode—inter alts-the British stan- dard of living is considerably be- low nonnal.