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PAGE FOUR THE GUARDIAN

-Authorized no second Clue Mall Post Office Department. Ottawa. The Island Guardian Publishing Co.

Editor and Managing Director. Inn A. Burnett.

Associate Editor. Frank Walker. Z

CIRCULATION "Coven Prince Edward Inland like the dew”

"The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink".

CHABLOTTETOWN SATURDAY. AUG. 1. I958

The Belfast Settlement

more than the average for'the state. What the research workers hope to do

ing queens and cross these to secure three- or-four-way hybrids. The inbred lines would be weak and would have to be maintained and kept pure by proper management and artificial insemination.

Ferrar, who is in charge of the North Central States Bee Culture Laboratory of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, says that in addition to improved bees, beekeep- ing itself needs some other revamping. He says it is one of the branches of agriculture which has not mechanized its operations in the 'last 50 years. He looks forward to central processing plants, which will re-

Casual visitors looking for Belfast are, apt to be puzzled by the difficulty of pre-l cisely locating the famous settlement. In! truth Belfast has come to mean whereveri the Selkirk settlers and their descendants! have made their homes along the shores of Hillsborough Bay and Northumberland Strait. When a Belfast man ploughs his field. who is to say that he is not in Bel- fast?

The men of Skye and Uist who accom-l partied the fifth Earl Selkirk it) found the largest Scottish community in this Prov- ince 1.30 years ago impressed their own character upon their surroundings what- ever they might be. It would be difficult to imagine any locality less resembling their original homeland than the landing place at Orwell Bay bLit no one who visit- ed the community at any time in the past" .150 years could long remain in doubt that it was Scottish to the core. '

The highlander combined a sentimental attachment to his home with a very prac- tical readiness to leave it to go far afield. Consequently the descendants of the Sel- kirk settlers are to be found all over the continent and much farther. They retain a loyalty, however, to the original landing place of the "Polly", the ”Dykes" and the ”Oughton" as to their original highland home. Wherever they may be they retain ibc highland stamp of interest in religion, education and individuality. A proud peo- ple, they are prepared to recognize and ap- prove the pride of others.

They now mark the 150th anniversary of their landing in this country but casual references to genealogies bring out more or less authentic family links back over nearly two thousand years. There is one family, indeed, which claims that well down the family tree there is mention of a certain Adam and Eve. Be that as it may, the Belfast people are in the habit of mak- ing history as well as remembering it.

Reason For Salad Week

The Canadian Horticultural Council which launched Salad Week in 1951 points out that if Canadians would eat as much fresh fruits and vegetables as health and nutrition authorities recommend, the do- mestic market for home-grown produce would be increased by 43 per cent.

According to the latest figures avail- able, the average Canadian is eating 376 pounds of fresh fruits and vegetables per year while the amount recommended for a properly balanced diet by nutrition ex- perts is 537 pounds per capita.

Obesity, which is todayis polite term for being "too fat", is becoming the number one health problem for over-fed, under- nourished North Americans. Eating more fresh fruit, and vegetables can provide the answer to this dietary difficulty.

Changing food habits is a slow process. The Canadian Horticultural Council does not expect everyone to begin eating salads regularly as a result of Salad Week. But by focussing attention on the importance of eating more fresh fruits and vegetables, Salad Week is gradually helping to build a healthier, better-fed Canada and is also helping to increase the markettfor the products of Canadian farms.

a surplus.

tributing an illustrated pamphlet on the Schafer method of artificial respiration of those apparently drowned. It is emphasiz- ed that

lieve the average beekeeper from ineffici- ent and expensive honey extraction. There

is no reason, he thinks, why honey should not be extracted in separate plants, just as milk is processed by the dairyman in

a special processing plant.

Fmst Fire Losses

An arresting picture of forest fire losses

in Canada has been given by R. M. Fow- ler, president of the Canadian Pulp and

Paper Association, in a message distributed

by the Canadian Forestry Association. The timber consumed in fires each, year, states, would make a stack of four-feeL- long logs, four feet high, stretching from Halifax to Victoria. I

Fires now are breaking out at the rate of 4,000 per year, Mr. Fowler finds. The Forestry Association adds that during the past ten years the nine mainland provinces have lost 4,373,000 acres of mature timber and 4,400,000 acres of young trees '”which were getting ready to restock the nations woodlands."

It is not merely a question of severe damage to forest industries, although that is serious, indeed, when one considers that the pulp and paper industry is Canadais greatest exporter in terms of dollar value. That is certainly not all, for the forests clothe the land, protect it against the wear and tear of the elements, regulate the run- off on the watersheds and in fact guard the very future of agriculture-still the nation's leading industry.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Lammas Day, the Feast of the Wheat Harvest. 9 Tomorrow, the 9th Sunday after Trin- ity, 10th after Pentecost.

Prince County Hospital has done very well in qualifying for Dominion-Provincial grants totalling :lS316,000. The maxim that heaven helps those who help themselves applies to hospitals and governments.

-' o The Battle of the Nile or Aboukir Bay, was fought this date 1798. Napoleon, fresh from the conquest of Italy, had em- barqued his "Army of England" to take Egypt. He narrowly missed being intercept- ed by Nelson and his ships were complete- ly defeated and largely destroyed soon af- ter he had landed.

The increases in potato acreage of 8 per cent in this Province, 13" per cent in New Brunswick, 9 per cent in Quebec and 12 per cent in Ontario do not augur well for prices this year, particularly as Ameri- can acreage has also' been increased. it would be a bold prophet, however, who would say that'there will necessarily be

0 O

The Health League of Canada is dis-

attempts to restore breathing

is to develop inbred lines from outstand-I

he

Research In Bee culture

There is A regional bee culture labora- tory in Madison. Wisconsin, where research workers have an ambitious program be- fore them. They are hoping that they can do more or less, with bees, what other research workers have done with livestock.l

These are SOME OF the things they hope t0'popular writing in science was presented to the British scientist, Julian Huxley, by

Queens that WI" lay m0l'0 GEES: bees Dr. John W. Taylor, Acting Director-Gen- - that will live longer and not be so ready era; of unespo, at n ceremony in parts on to sting, and will resist bee diseases. They July 2' "port, unesco. Dr. Huxjem who Wknt IRES WIII II'Ip the (IIIBIIII fIOW- was Unescds ljh-ectoluaenerah ' had ere, will swarm less and will not build been nominated for the prizg by both the Royal Society of Great Britain and the In-

Thls IS Quite an order- Nwefthelessi stitut de France. The Kalingif Prize of IOIOCWE bfeedlhi has already brought one thousand pounds sterling, which was lestablished in 1951 by Mr. B. Patnlik, In-

ldian industrialist, is awarded annually for the bent line of bees averaged two and one-, outstanding and conunu

do. They want. to get:

brace comb.

some results. C. L-. Ferrar of the Uni- versity of Wisconsin, says that in 1951

;i-lair, times as much as the poorest line, ;" highest yield was 363 pounds,

of 15 lines of bees on l'evm3W”in turn, was 83 poundel

5 -

;the dissemination and ;'ihterpretation of p , , lsctenee to the general publicin booiu,-art

Iiliw Gmti-res with .158 pounds for the icles, radio programmes or film. The first award, in 1952, went to the French scient- M. Prince Louis de Broglle.

should be continued for a minimum of four hours. Early commencement of treatment plays a vital part in its success which means that it is of vital importance that

l

THE GUARDIAN. CHAR LOTTETOVVN

Reviewing A Colourful. Chapter

1803

In 1771 Thomas Douglas, young- est of the seven sons ofithe 4th Earl of Selkirk, was born. By 1799 his father and all his brothers

associate of Jeffrey,

deeply interested in of his time, and longed to amelior- ate the hard lot of his countrymen.

social -unrest. The next eight years. from 1802 to 1811, worn spent by him in an effort to divert the tide

life was occupied in his cudeii-vnrs to found the Selkirk Colonv on the Banks of the Red River. Hr wished his fellow ttnuntrymon to o.stul)11.-;h ithemsclves in clt'cItnist,'mcrs )ii'n- ,virling full scope for their industry. and under the British flan. . . .

l He first directed fills efforts to

were chartered and about eight hundred passengers embarked to found a new home on his estate nn this Island. The 'Pnlly' had the greatest number of passengers. most of whom were from Skye. On her was Dr. Angus Macnuley, agent for Selkirk. She arrived in Orwell Bay, Prince Edward Island, on Sunday, August. 7, 1301. and dis- embarked her passengers near the present Halliday's Wharf. The Dykesl arrived on August 9, and the 'Ou4zhton' with the Uisi men on August 27. At this time the total population of the Island was but little over five thousand. I O O

Selkirk. who was n passenger .on the iDykes', had planned to ar- trive before the others so that pre- paration might be made for their reception: but before he appeared on the scene the 'Polly' had dis- embarked her complement. "I ar- rlved.'Y he writes, "late in the even- ing, find it had then it very strik- ing appearance. Each fnmliv had kindled a large fire near their win- wams. and round that-. were as- sembled groups of figures, whose peculiar national dress added to the sinlzularity of the surroundlniz scene. Confused heaps of baggage were everywhere piled together he- side their wild habitationii, and by the number of fires the whole woods was illuminated.

"At the end of this line of en- campment I pitched -my own tent. and was surrounded in the morn- ing by in numerous assemblage of people whose behaviour indicated that they looked to notblniz less than in restoration of the happy

those who chance to be on hand should be familiar with a method of artificial re-l spiration.

O

Kalinga Prize for distinguished

The

' achievement in

A

-.....---.a an -....

days of Clnniihip. t O 0

"To obviate the terrors which the woods were calculated to inspire. the settlement was not dispersed. as those of the Americans usunllv are, over a large tract of country. but concentrated within it moderate

space. The lots were laid out. in.

such it. manner that there were generally four or five families, and sometimes more. who built their houses in A little knot together: the distance between the adjacent hamlets seldom exceeding it mile. Each of them was inhmblteti by nernonrneai-ly related. who acme- timee carried on their work in com- mon. or at least were always at hand to come to each other; as-

sist once.

"The. settlers had every induce- ment to vleomur exertion from the nature of their tenures. They were allowed to purchase in fee simple,

and to if certain extent on credit:

"cm fifty in one hundred and ''f'" acr-1 were rllotted to each family at l very moderate DNPH. Nit none wu riven Pratriwuiv. To ecommodeto those who had no attoerflnitv cf capit-i tit-vv w-re N" -I... ..-v--. 5-. mil

Prince Edward Island. Thrce shins,

were dead and he hart sucrecde-d,lowing year. It was with the ul- Io the title. He was destined forimosi satisfaction that I found that the law. and in Edinburgh was an my plans had been followed up

Ferzusson. with Scott, and others of the leading found spirits in that shining age. He was ing the harvest. the problems dustry

fellow 1 kinds.

He spent ten years abroad in lent quality, travel and study, and in l802. nnlalnne his return home. proposed :1 nation-l ai scheme designed to remedy thcl

of emigration from the C.'irOllI1.'iSlmlndpd Selkirk. to Eastern Canada. Thereafter hislhe says,

.were to be it panacea for all the

1953

The Selkirk Settlers

From "Skye Pioneers and 'The Island)" 1929. I By Malcolm A. Macqueen I

"I left the Island in September, 1803, and after an extensive tour you the continent, returned in the ,end of the same month the fol.

attention and judgmngnt, the settlers engaged in sccur. which their in- had produced, They had it ,proporlion of grain. of various but potatoes were the principal crop. These were of excel- and would have been sufficient, for the entire sup- port. of the settlement."

That his schemes of settlement

ills disturbing the state was not the expectation of the generous- "I will not nssert." "that the people I look

It

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discussion by correspondent: of queltionl of interest. The Guardian does not nececeah fly endorse the opinion of eorretlpondenu.

THE ESSONDALE WALL Sir, - Regarding the article uitder Public Forum in your issue of July 29th on "The Essondale Wall.” I greatly appreciate Mr. Martin MacGougan'e correction of my notes published on July 4th, and the additional interesting in- formation he has given.

I just told the story as I lrid heard it from 5!. member of he staff of the Department of Admin- istration of the Vancouver School Board. I was unable to learn the name of the "master mason." but did admire the wonderful piece of stone wall at Essondale, and wish to thank Mr. Maccxougan for his letter to you.

I am. Sir. etc. - J. A. Clark.

lthere have totally escaped all dif-jchliriottetown.

lficulties and discouragement, but .ihe arrangemems for

- their ac- commodation have had so much

SUCPF-Ks that few people per- hans in their situation have suffered less, or have seen their

difficulties so soon at an end." 0 O 0

Although the circumstances un- der which Lord Selkirk settled the Red River district in Rupert's land. and the Belfast. district in Prince Edward Island had much. similarity, the peculiar isolation under which the Red River settlers lived for upwards of sixty or seventy years led to an intense loyalty to the founder of the col- ony. and to the colony itself as a social and political institution. A thousand miles of wilderness, of lakes, forests, and rivers, lay to the east; the great plains to the south and west. occupied by war- ring tribes of hostile Indians. There was left one road only of access to the colony.

This meant B. trying journey by boat. and canoe from the settle- ment through Lake Winnipeg. and the Hayes or the Nelson River to Hudson”: Bay. From there. in ocean voyage in stormy ice-beset northern latitudes to England. All but the bravest stzrankifrom such a journey. From 1812 until 1870 the Selkirk colonists on the banks of the Red River lived largely unto themselves. and to'ihis- day they are as loyal to the Selkirk settle- ment and to the Selkirk tradition as is any Highlander to his own clan chief. . 1

U 0 O

Nnt so the Selkirk colony on Prince Edward Island, Three years before they arrived the total population of the Bland Wu about five thousand: that of Charlotte- town about two hundred and fifty to three hundred. only it few miles distant from them to the north.

American colonies had founded along Vernon River in 1792. They preferred to endure the hardships incident to founding a. new home in the virgin forest under the flag they loved, than live under a government they regarded as alien to the political principles they espoused, The Selkirk colonists, after 3 generation. ceased to look upon themselves as a separate institution, and merged their lives in the larger life of the little province they lived in. ' . . .

Their settlement, afterwards cal- led Belfast. a corruption of the French "La Belle Face," was found- ed on the abandoned site of a French colony whose members were deported to France after the sur- render of Loulsburg in 1758. It ex- tended along the coves and creeks from the mouth of the Charlotte- town herbor to the Pineite River. A French naval officer who visit- ed the varlous French settlements on the Island in 1752 reported that the number of-settlers in this area Wag not less than five iiund- red, Later the whole territory from Vernon River to Wood Islands ex- tending inland a few miles was,

.and is now known generally as,

the Belfast District.

The clearing had again grown up, but various evidences of the former occupation. the shallow well, the ditch. still existed. The old cemetery that knew the voice of the Cure. M. Gerard, with its pathetic reminders of the transitmv career of man, wan soon requisi- tloned by the newcomers to fill the purposes for which it was dedicated, and today former mem- bers of a. district settled with similar hopes, but alien in race and religion, sleep in undisturbed repose within the sacred confines

n settlement of Loyalista from the

of the mmon hallowed spot.

Provincial Offices:

till the third or fourth year oftheir

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cnnnndrnrrown . svnmnnsrns . Motrraoon:

Allison P. Mebeen, c.L.!!. District Manager at summerside. Cyrus A. )1. Shaw, C.L.U. District Manager at Montague. Thomas Mominn, O.L.U. special Representative.

J. c. suuiei-iuxd, mm-aunuiive it cnuioiietown. I"

Agents throughout. the Province

Mange.

, even heard of the Federal affair. O O 0

AUGUST 1. g 195;

t I The Passing. Scene

"Now that the Scotch gathering is over," said an acquaintance. "we can really get down to the elect- ion!" And I do believe there was more genuine interest in the last month or so in the gathering of the clan: than in the fortunes of the politicians. This is not at all sur- prising when it is considered that the "gathering" takes into its com- pass the much wider acme of his- tory. '

The scotch. being, u everybody knows. an extremely humble and

ions, for there would be nobody to make them interesting. If there be any truth It all in the assertion perhaps it would be 9. good thing if elections were always held im- mediately after the gathering be- fore the glow of the event had time to cool in the face of less romantic affairs. . 0 . Anyway. whatever the cause. there seems to have been an .up- surge of election fervour in recent days. I would Judge there are not many people around now as nonchalant. about the whole thing as an old man of my acquaintance was when I happened to run into him around the first of July. I naked him, innocently enough, how he thought the election was go- ing. "What election?" he shot back. "You don't mean to say they're going to have another election. I thought Matheson was going to carry on in Jonesi place without calling one." He had not

A veteran political lnllyst says that more nonsense bu been spoken in this campaign than in any other that he can recall in forty years. And. certainly, be will find a great many to support his view. Without picking out anyone in particular by way of illustration, it is amazing the amount of time and energy that has been expended in detailed uivia.

There are politicians in all pol- itical groups who seem to revert to n second childhood the moment the stand on I. platform or before microphone. Little personal char- acteristics and mannerisms of an opponent are exaggerated beyond measure. Things of purely parochial account are disguised as big nat- ional issues.