mac roan THE GUARDIAN

Iol-nlog Dnily (founded in llfl) Authorized no Nos-and (‘lino tioiL Pool Offloo Department, Otlown.

Tho Ioinuzf iiuordlon Publishing 0o. Iflltar and blionnging illrvrtnr. J It. Marisol‘ Aoooaiolo Editor, Irnls Wolkor.

‘The Strongest Memory rs Weaker Than the Weakest ink.“

DIIARLOTTETOWN, WEDNESDAY. MAY 11, i949 i}. F. A. Proposal

The Canadian Federation of Agriculture has again taken the lead, this time in proposing the use of surplus food stocks in the big food- producing countries, including Canada, to help feed the hungry nations of the world. in a scheme which it purposes to submit to the ten- day conference of the Intern-ationai Federation af Agricultural Producers which opens at Guelph, Ontario, on May 31, it will urge that food stocks be sold cheaply to needy nations, with any losses

2t by a proposed international fund set up by members of the United Nations.

This scheme would help Canada get rid of "embarrassing surpluses in one or two food lines," a C. F. A. announcement from Ottawa states. The surpluses listed by the Federation are powdered milk and evaporated milk, honey, dried beans and canned goods such as tomatmiuice and peas. if the plan is approved by the inter- national Federation, it will be sent to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization at its annual meeting next fall, which will have delegates from some twenty nations in attend- ance. Some of the latter are to make a tour of the Maritimes and Quebec, starting May 23.

To this proposal by the Canadian’ Federation of Agriculture might well be added another similar one from fhe Fisheries Federation, with regard to the disposal of the East Coast fish puck, and other canned fish products of which there is a surplus.

, Strain 0n Party Leaders

Looking at the program which Mr. St. Lau- rent and Mr. Drew have undertaken for the first two weeks of the election ca-mpaign, says the Ottawa Journal, one ‘almost wonders whether they haven't entered into a suicide pact. For almost impossible to believe that ‘human flesh can withstand such a schedule, almost every waking hour of a fortnight crowded with long speeches and short ones, big meetings and little

- journeys by lgnd and by air, and with always end- less conferences and preparation of speeches in between.

Old timers still speak with wonder ofythe

- campaign which the venerable Sir Charles Tup-

per, the old "war horse of Cumberland," fought in i896; and some will remember how, in 1917, Sir Wilfrid Laurier, aging and in failing health, travelled the length and breadth of the coun- try in the dead of ‘Winter, fighting a forlorn

, hope but with a gallantry and vigor that every- ' body could cheer.

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Yet campaigning in the old days, no mat- ter what vigor put into it, was less exacting than now. Sir Charles Tupper and Sir Wilfrid Laur-

1- ier did not have to make a fresh speech every ‘ytime they spoke; there were no news agencies

and radio to reveal to the whole country that ‘ll-they were repeating themselves, or at best but

giving a local or topical introduction to the some main speech. Today Mr. St. Laurent and Mr. Drew have

jto campaign with the knowledge that there is a microphone on the table before them

and reporters for news agencies and metropolitan newspapers all about them, making repetitions

' of old speeches impossible, or at best undesir-

able. Accordingly]; they must corne up on every new platform wit a new speech, or with a fresh version of an old one, must have some new idea,

~or ssme old idea burnished up as a new one,

to hold their audience or to ma-ke new head- lines; meaning that in between platforms and meetings with local leaders, plus conferences

~with workers, organizers, research and public __relations people, they must subiect themselves

to the drudgery of writing new speeches. This is our democratic way; and there is

_ no substitute, in an election, for direct contact . with the people. Parties and leaders may put

out manifestos and platforms and issue tons of "literature"-—pamphlets, leaflets, posters. Noth- ing they have ever devised has been as effective or ever can be as effective, as the spoken word

~--the personal contact of the speaker, the pic- ' turesque line, the appealing image, the vehe-

' ment rhetoric —'the leader himself,

refuting with a gesture, damning with a phrase. Mac- auiay's famous line about "government by

I words" is as true today as ever.

The Housing Problem Monday's cartoon emphasizing rho boil-

ing shortage is applicable not only to this Pro- ‘v vince but all across Canada. According to an Ottawa exchange, about 200,000 individuals in

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50,000 Canadian families face eviction from their homes at the present time. They are the victims of the failure of municipal, provincial and federal governments to make a vigorous, coordinated attack on the housing shortage. The immediate cause of their plight is premature relaxation of federal rent controls. '

The post-war housing shortage is a maior national problem that has never been firmly dealt with. Lost year's record of 81,203 now hous- ing units barely equals family formations, let alone relieve tho backlog of demand or offering sholtor to 100,000 innnigrants. Only 25 per cont of tho now units wore built for ront, and most of tho ronts ore too high for the avorago citizen.

By contrast, Britain's lolost "moasurs of pub- lic aid in housing offers to pay local authorities three-quarters’ of the cost of acquiring hoosos for flats and of installing baths and kitchens. House owners may bo grantod 50 por cont of. such costs. Thoso wishing to build or boy. may borrow,90 por cont of their expenditure from

“ local authorities. For tho first time, -tho soiling

o of o converted hello .wlIl bocontrollod. ntrels of roots and solitngyprioos on to be for ‘another fivo yours.

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factthatwidegpread demands for large-scale public housing programs and subsidized housing for the low-income groups have been ignored. Pri- marily the responsibility rests with Ottawa, which in this as in other post-war rehabilitation problems has "passed the buck" to the provin- ces and municipalities. s

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./ EDITORIAL

Maritime fishermen are now anxiously wait- ing outcome of negotiations on their behalf at Ottawa.

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To be, or not to be is still the $64 question with reference to auto meters to be answered by the City Council. \

I I ‘s Prince Edward lslond takes pride in the first graduating class of the R.C.A.F. Air Navi- gation School. After all it is not included in every curriculum to drop a flag on the North

Pole.

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There was no national broadcast of Mr. Drew's opening speech, the Prime Minister hav- ing engaged the circuit for his Ottawa address. A network of private stations did their best to fill the gap.

Australia's 15-year meat pact with tho Unit- ed Kingdom will be an important factor in the development of the Dominion "down under." The Australian meat industry will, of course, be greatly expanded but the agreement also calls for backing as well of her ~industrial develop- men-t projects.

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The state of Colorado is rejoicing that its seven-week blizzard of the first of the year will mean abundant moisture for this summer's crops. They are right to look on the bright side but warm summer rains seem to be a more agree- able means of achieving the same result.

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Surprisingly little paper is discarded on the streets by Charlottetown citizens considering the lack of receptacles for old newspapers, candy wrappers and circulars. Most people must stuff the unwanted sheets in their pocket until they can be d-iscarded anhome or place of work.

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This is supposed to be the final day of the Berlin Blockade and counter-blockade. Same misgivings have been expressed as to Russia's motives in coming to on agreement but to rela- tives of air-lift fliers in Britajn, the United States, Australia, New Zealand and South Af- rica it must bring unal-ioyed thankfulness.

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Five years ago, on May ll, i944, the Allies launched a terrific offensive in Central Italy to bfeak the Gustav and Hitler Lines. Canadian troops participated and, with British troops, car- ried aut below the shell-torn town of Cassina a thrust across the Rapido River toward the Liri Valley. Pignatoro fell on the night of May i5 and with its fall the Gustav Line, already over- run farther south, virtually ceased to exist. The Allies continued to pound Cassino, pivot of the whole offensive, and by May 18 the ruins of the town were in our hands. An Allied drive on the much touted Hitler Line appeared imminent , . .

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Dr. Kenneth D. MacLeod, recently arrived from the Old Land to join the local Govern- ment medicai service, does not seem to think much of the socialization of the medical ser- vice by the Labour Government over there. Apart from other defects is the danger that the State, doctor may become a State automatum with- out soul, a mere kind of sorting-out clerk for the specialist and the hospital. The patient will also suffer for all professional secrecy will dis- appear and the potient’s private life and a.‘- fairs become the property of all. Not an en-' viable picture of the sick room when the old reliable family doctor is replaced by a govern- ment autocrat responsible to neither God nor the Medical Association.

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it was with much regret that many citizens learned yesterday of the unexpected passing of Mr. Patrick W. Clarkin, retired freight and passenger agent for Charlottetown. Mr. Clarkin recently visited the Southern States and seemed to.be in reasonably good health when he return- ed. One of the best known railway officials of the Province in his time, Mr. Clarkin was of an unostentatious disposition and was greatly de- voted to his home and family. His death fol- lows the passing in recent years of his wife, know-n far and wide as Lucy Gertrude Clarkin, y/hose poetical contributions appeared in many publications both in Canada and the United States, and wére recently published in volume form by St. Dunstan's University.

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Sir Thomas Johnstono Lipton, bonnet, Brit- ish merchant, planter and manufacturer, born this date i850. Sir Thomas was an outstanding example of what private enterprise may accom- plish. Belonging to a family in poor circumstan- ces in Glasgow, he was apprenticed to a grocer and had to sleep beneath the counter because he had nowhere else to go. Ho mastered his job, however, and while still a young man enter- ed into business in a small way for "cash only, no cred-it." By this means he was able to sell more cheaply than his competitors, and built up an immense cash trade, he specialized in butter, eggs, cheese and tea and soon had a practical monopoly in the district in which he traded. Ha than opened branch stores, with oquol success, then ventured into other towns, and cities with equal success. Ultimately ho become the biggest importer of Danish farm produce in Britain; and oquolly tho heaviest importer of too from Coy- ion, India and China. In the courso of time he acquirod his own tea plantations, and opened branch establishments in Canada as well as in Grout Btitbin and lrolond. ln 1896 he converted his business into a limited liability company with a capitol of $l,®0,000. Ho was a groat sportsman, yachting being his favorite pastimo. 0n four occasions ho contostod for tho Arnorico Cup unsuccessfully thourh in 1920 with Shamrock IV against Ioso oto ho socurod two wins oot of flvo racss. Ho was noteworthy for h bonofactions, and on four soparpto occasions h game oppoorod Io tho loyal honoiirs list.

l‘ HE _ GUARDIAN,

_CHARL°T'1LEIQYF'

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MAY n; ‘ 1949

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Be with me, Beauty, for Lhe tire is dying;

My dog and I are old, too old for roving.

Man. whose young passion sets the splndrift flying,

Is soon too lame to march. 000 0N for loving.

3' I take the book and gather Io lb! fire,

‘Turning old yellow leaves: minute by minute The clock ticks to my heart; l

withered wire Moves a thin ghost of music on the splnet.

I can n01; sail your seas. I can not wander

Your corn land, nor your hill land. nor your valleys.

Ever again. nor share the battle yonder,

when; the young knight. the broken squadron rallies.

Only stay quiet while my mind re- (Ii 8T8

The beauty of fire from the beauty of embers

401m Masofleld.

How Did It All Begin‘?

(New York Times) No thinking person can look at the sun and its Planets WWW“! wondering how luch a system came into being. On the basis of the speculations of Kant. and Sweden- berg the French mathematical phy- sicist Laplace formulated the ne- bular hypothesis. According to La- place the sun and its atlendllnls were once e huge, spinning ""155 0i gas. As it conic-d the m-Wc- Fh"“"'< so that the speed of rotation 1n- creased. A ring u. 1.... thrown off. and from this the pim- ots condensed. The hypothesis ltnd to be abandoned because it did not facts known even in Laplace’:- day. xt came Babinet, who suggest- ed that a huge star wandered lnta our part of the heavens and by gravitational attraction pulled out of the sun a. filament which broke up. The fragments condensed into our planets. This "tidal theory" was developed by a dozen astro- physiclsts, of whom Chamberlain and Moulton, Jeans and Jeffrey: were outstanding. Just o a top would spin forever if there were no friction, so the planets must have maintained a constant spin or ong- ular momentum if this theory were correct. Prof. H. N. Russel showed that even a grazing collision with another star could not impart the necessary angular momentum ta the filament.

Now comes Dr. Otto S'rr--~ _ f Yerkes Obsorv~'~~-- o~ an old proposal that our solar sys- tem aprang from it . are many billions of stun: Dr. Struve begins with a "class double," enclosed in a gaseous en- velope ao constituted that the twain may either came together to form a single star or separate wide- ly. A planetary lyltem revolving around two suns is o mechanical impossibility. So Dr. Struvo gets rid of one star by letting it merge with the other. Dr. R. A. Lyttleton. one of his predecessors, leto n third body knock the unwanted star out of the way. There ore other com- promises.

The German physicist C. I‘. von Welzsncker recently suggested that the planets were forrncd of n large cloud of dust that rotated around a massive central body-obviously a return, with improvement, to Lo- ploce. Dr. Honnos Alfven, _o Swed- ish physicist, breaks new ground by considering not merely grovito- tln but electromagnetic effects hitherto neglected. Dr." Fred Whipple of Harvard thinks that tho raw material at the color system was the cosmic dust that drifts through interstellar space and that the pressure of radiation drove tho dust particles together. All thodo conception. irovo their faults. Tho solar system soomo to be so com- pllcnted o machine that it may ob impossible for the scientific Imog- lnotlon to design one that will hovo a plausible hypothetical origin and the dismal ond that ovrolts tho pianeto-the ond of o clock time

wound up lllln.

; vitamin. Behind the experiment is

Old Charlottetown (And r. n. s.)

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TOWN PUMPS ASSESSMENT

At o meeting of the Landholders and Inhabitants of Charlotte-Town held at the Court House on Tues- day, the following Assessor. were appointed for raising a ‘fund for making and keeping In repair thc Pumps and Wells in the Town: Messrs. Robert Hodgson, William Cullen, Thomas Sims, Martin Dog- herty, Donald M'Donald, John Ro- binson, Samuel Nelson, Paul Ma- bey, Allan M'Nell.

The Collector of the Dog Tax having intimated to the meeting that the sum of Thirty Pounds pr thereby would probably arise out of that tax, it was proposed and carried that the sum of Fifty Pounds be now raised by the assess- ment for the purpose of making and repairing the Pumps and Wells in vitae of the Act of the current year.

At a subsequent meeting of the Assessors held at Mr. Sims’ ‘Pav- ern on Wednesday. at 6 o'clock evening, to determine the mode of levying the surn voted, the fol- lowing rates of assessment were agreed to: Nine-pence on each Town Lot, and Four-pence in the pound on the valued rent. of each occupied house or other building in the said Town, the rents whereof to be estimated at. the some valua- tion at which they now stand in the Parish Rate Book. Mr. Richard Chappell was appointed Collector of the said Assessment.

-—Prlnce Edward Island Register, April 11, 1826.

School Children Are Guinea-Pigs In Vitamin Tests

(U. K. Information Office.)

A hundred children at. n o0- eduaatlonol high school in the We“ of England are earrylflk W! "f" as guinea-pigs in the first step oi a large-scale experiment to find out the value of Vitamin C. 1n M- tlonal health.

when the time for lunch comes, they file down to the school can- teen end are given a gloss o! WW1‘ with on envelope with elflhir m sixteen Vitamin C. pills. Distribu- tion of the tablets is carried out under the eye of teachers ond a card is filled in for ever’! wnllwhe takes part.

Cards show their vitamin natur- etlon point, medical and dental re- ports, whether they are subject to tiredness and lossitude. and the length of time it takes them to re- cover from minor cuts, bruises Ind scratches. When the ten minutes allowed for taking the vitamins is over, the youngsters go back to their classrooms.

From this dolly routine, which will be en's-led out. for o your, It is hoped to moko voluobio findings on how Britain's health hos been of- 'ect.ed through the lock of fresh ‘rult. and vegetables containing this

o. Bristol bio-chemist who hos pioneered Vitamin O. roeoorch in Britain and woo rooftonsfblo in 1M2 for the discovery of large quontltieo of the vitamin in rose hip synsp. Working with the lob- orotory of which he is director, he persuaded tho county medical of- ficer ond director of education to co-operote in tho vitamin experi- ment. By summer it will bo ex- Lended to include another 100 school children end 400 odulto chos- en from miners. footory workers and expectant mothers in tho dio-

trfct. All will be volunteers, os oro tho children at tho high school. ' .

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The children oro o healthy-look- ing group, lllfl from l3 to i4, and like the experiment-ft fo o brook from school ‘routine. The! oro oi- roody runninl competitions to oeo {hexane-finish bolting t-boir pills trot

Soon the toot noun will switch to tho vitamin in nousrol syrup form oad will continue tbooonfoon for tho rest of tho period. Then time will be more health, weight sad dental chock-ups, pliil toooh- ors’ nporto on their ottltuao to» words work.-

’i‘ho results ‘oxpootod from tbs srrporfmonto ore-furor cues of sum intestinal. quicker hooffns of wounds and fractures. increased

_ gal-en's

All Europe lately has been talk- ing about the pngllsh princess who is travelling in Italy. From the moment when Princess Mor- Vickers-Vlking touched down at Naples airport, with its modern marble-floored reception balls, she found herself in o land of a-rt and romance. Yet. what is it really like . . . this Italy? Imagine yourself waking in that gold-brown bedroom in the Hotel Exoeislo and Bezlng can!!! across the choppy blue Boy of Naples to the famous view of Vo- suvius. Nine days in eleven the crest is veiled in cloud. Rising like the Rock of Gibraltar fer out to sea, the isle of Oaprf is, in fact, more spectacular. Let's hope you're a good sailor before you attempt the rough pauage. And yet when the steamer pulls under the lee of the lslond and you find yourself gazing up the 1000-foot slopes to the plnk-and-belge" vii- lage perched on the top, Capri cast-s its immediate spell.

You chug up by funicular put hotels and villas draped with wistorla and bouga-lnvlllea. In the little square visitors sit. outside the cafes and gossip away in the sun. But. you will have to ohoose your seat carefully so be out of the sea wind. Socne of the streets are even roofed right over,’ so great is the need of protection. In the vaulted cobbled ways one can shop in mock extravagance. paying £8 for a postcard or £200 for s. straw-wrapped souvenir flask of Chianti wine. The £ M811 happens to stand for that. Italian farthlng, the lira, and thus at £100 admission the Blue Grotto itself is not. such an expcnslv? proposition.