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“THURSDAY. DECEMBER 20 1838.

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THE DAILY EXAMINER.

DECEMBER 20, 1888.

The “ Stanley

Ce Journal complains, not unnaturally, because the Stanley did not go to Summoersile. It certainly is a great pity

that the hopes of the enterprising business that town were raised only to te But we think that animadversions upon the Minister of Marins and Captain McElhinney are stronge! than all the facts and circumstances will justify. In conversation with Captain McE:hinney

and other officials on the day afver the

men f

dashed. the Journal,

serea | Stanley's arrival, a representative of THE Examiner was informed that it was impossible to put the steamer tu proper

trim for ice until her officers became better acquainted with her ; that it was reported Summerside as

while the

that there was hard ice at far as the eye could see, weather was thea very stormy and very cold ; and that it would be manifestly im- prudent totry experiments with the ship befure she had been trimmed and tested ; especially as it is well known that Point du Chene harbor is not the deepest or most

easy of access,— and it was, therefore, deemed must advisable to keep the vessel on the Pictou - Charlottetown

route as long as possible, and then send her It is true that the Minister promised that the Stanley should ply between Point du Chene and Summer- side while she could—but the officers who have the vessel in charge think that it under all the circumstances, pos

to Georgetown.

wasn't, sible for her to p'y there this year. These

are, we believe, the facts of the case ; and,

we think, the public will agree with THE Examiner that they do not justify the Journal in its declaration that the disap- aud loss of the merchants of

ummerside are dug to an ** extraordinary

pot nent s lack of moral sensibility ” on the part of the Min Marine. Wind weather

and ice and other circumstances

ister of and must be cons leration in this case ; and, will be found that the blame to bys attached to the Min rhe Minister has shown

sken into taken into consideration, it ster Is nut grew. reasonable ani friendly disposition to- wards

Lradc

Summerside, its merchants and their

if his promise could not be ful- filled, it may be regretted that he ever it ought not, we submit, to

vu f

made it; but

bo made a text for gross abuse his

personal character.

rr) , 5 The Journal see.ns to give some credence

siatement of ‘ta Charlottetown paper that *‘ the Stanley is not intended to smash imtu very heavy ice like the Northern Light.” Captain McElhinney and tho officers of the Stanley are, at all events, confideat that she will do all that the Northern Light ever did—and more.

It mast, however, be admitted that the Stan i3 jucKiug in accumino lation for a posts rk to sert the maila on the wiy over. But that can easi y be pr Vided ;

we trust it will be provided without further

delay

Notes and Clippings.

~The occurrence of a solar eclipse on the first day of the year has not been known since 1632 and will not take place again till 2161. The years 1162, 660, and 641, B.C., and 865 an! 1405 of the Christian era also began with like phenomena. If we lived in & superstitious age, the air would be full of omeus of wars and tumults, plagues, pestil- ences and famines. Aa it is, some persons of lively imaginations may see furebuding of disaster in the coincidence. Astronomers are all on the qui vive, preparing to make ubservations,

-Mr. Erastus Wiman lectured in West New Brighton recently to the Kill von- Kul! Workingmen’s Club, on Canada’s re- lations to the United States. ‘* Here are 5,090,000 of peopie,” said he, ** whose only hope of auccesasful development ani perfect growth lies in « union between themselves and the nation alongside of them, the great- est nation that the world has ever seen. Yet so pronounced is the sentiment in Canada against aunexation that to-morrow it would be utterly impossible to elect even a constable to oftice, much leas a member of Parliament, who openly advocated this measure.” Mr. Wiman attributed this to an admirabie and self-sacrificing feeling of loyalty similar to that which had held the United States together in their time of peril. He then portrayed the advantages of commercial union which would assimi- late the two countries. If this produced annexation well and good; if it did not, it would produce all the advantages of an- nexation.

0a <7 eo

Growth of Canadian Cities

The Canadian cities have nothing to be ashamed of in the the last 20 years. We have Toronto spring- ing from 66,000 in 1871 to 170,000 in 1888, and Montreal growing from 107,000 in 1871, to 186,000 in 1886, Hamilton during the same period increasing from 26,700 to 41,280, London from 15,820 to 96,000, and Ottawa from 21,000 to 36,000. I» the five years between gained 52 per cent., Toronto 54, Hamilton 17, London 32 and Ottawa 3%. Compare with these figures the growth of the United States border cities, and in the absence of Jate official returys take those of the census gatherers :

1870. 1830, RN ii cba Baal 117,714 155, 184 Lockport ... 12,426 13,522 Ugdensburg. .. 10,576 10,341 RD snes: .. 20,910 21.116 chester, , 52,386 89,326

The St. John Sun is not astray when it

Claiins that the cities on the Canadian side

of the Ixkes are far outstripping in the

vapidity of their growth and & © worves the Lorder.

_ recorded during |

1381 and 1886 Montreal:

DAILY E The Batryies Interest in Canada.

LETTERS ADDRESSED TO THE

\ SERIES OF | PUBLIC OF CANADA, BELNG

AGRICULTURAL

A CAREFUL STUDY OF DAIRY METHODS AND PRACTICES IN GREAT BRITAIN AND EUROPE, DURING A FOUR MONTHS VISIT

IN 1888.

(This letter is copyrighted and republish- ed in this paper by permission of the author. |

At the British Dairy Farmers’ there was no fact brought out more clearly than that of the

conference

CONDITIONS OF SUCCESSFUL COMPETI-

TION,

SEVERE

{t will surprise many to learn that it isa veritable problem with the British farmer himself how to get his butter placed ia his own market ! In spite of all the advantages which he ought to possess over his competitors, some of the latter —always with more or less exteut water-way to traverse—seem to possess more or less present advantage over bim in actual competition. Apparently the old state of things when dairying was a domestic in- dustry and the producer was in close and easy touch with the consumer HAS COMPLETELY

and the British farmer has not readily adapt- ed himse'f to the new conditions. Mv friend, Mr. D. Talle:man, of London, probably the best authority on such matters (author of ‘* Agricultural Distress and trade Depression,” just published), exp!ains it thus: ‘* Notwith- standing all the changes that have taken place in the social institutions of the nation, and the co ceutration of large masses of the popu- lation in distinct localities daring the present century, farmers still adopt aad carry out the usages and customs of their predecessurs, as practised from time immemorial.” Mr, Taller- min thought it **CURIOUS TRAIT IN THE CHARACTER OF AGRI- CULTUKISTS , ot the leading commercial cvuntry of the world that they do not realize that a practi- ca! knewledge of the science of the matter is essential to profitable distribution as well as to profitable production! This slowness of igriculturists to adapt themselves to new con- itions is not a characteristis of the Engiish agriculturists alone. We, too, in Canada, have much to learn and to dv, to keep pace with the enterprise and the progress which is a characteristic of some of our competitors. We may truly say of ourselves as one of the Eng ish speakers said of themselves, that, in some particulars, ‘* continental nations surpassus.’ While the British dairy farmer has heen asleep, some of his neighbors have seized the oppurtunity, and have evulved a system of marketing suited to the needs of

ot!

CHANGED,

tits out of the great consuming British public. In France, as I shall show in later writing, a principal characteristic of their flourishing butter trade is A TRADE SYSTEM.

suited to the conditions of the market. Den- mark is fully alive te this phase of the indus- try. We should profit by this fact. If it be difficult for the butter-maker within a day's journey of London to get into his own

that market, for us who have ten days’ water travel to accomplish. Ifthe Englishm:n who is on the spot is distancel by the foreigner, who has a better market system, how may we expect tu get a foothold, in the face of active

chance rather than to intelligent, well-direct ed effort? The not very creditable answer to this question is an expi:ing Canadian butter trade. The lesson to be learned is the neces- sity to rouse ourselves, and by our energies to put new life isto that which is too valu- able to lose without a struggle to save it, MARGARINE ! MARGARINE,

This poetic word is, to the British farmer, full of ghoulish meaning. He awoke one

morning to fiud the Britisu public eating this strange thing, under the impression that it was batter. When he got faiily awake he uttered a stout John Bull protest. The latter took the fern of an appeal to British law, making the exceedingly reasonable demand, not that the consumer be actually forbii to eat the stuff, but that he might know when he is eating it. He succeeded in making him know when he is buying it. How mucn the hearty British public eats of maryarine it knows right Well—as a public, but not in- dividually.

Some think the law is not effectively en- forced. ‘* Although the English wholesale houses probably sejl margarine as such, the name may get lost before the product leaves the village grocer.” So said Mr. Smith at the conference; but one will notice every- where in England, side by side with butter, in nearly al’ the provision shops, an article labelled ** margarine,” of several qualities, and at vari us prices always lower than butter. From this fact I was led to infer that, though there may have been, and doubtless is yet, more or ess illicit sale, the law must be enforced somewhat thoroughly, for, otherwise, such labels would not be used 30 conspicuons- ly. I would attach more weight to @ state- ment like the fullowing: Aithough the grocers probably sell ‘margarine as such its nane and identity is probably lost before it appears as butter on a great many English tables— boarding-house tables especially. If my Can- adian readers, few of whom have ever seen margarine, have avy curiosity to know how —< an imitation of butter it is, let them visit

as they pass ‘hrough the streets of towns, and —whether they will or not—will be likely to eat it. One thing is assured; in England

MARGARINE HAS COME TO STAY

—as long as the law will allow it. The Bri- tish public—a large portion of it—has made up its mind to eat margarine, knowing it to be such ; because they know it to be cheap, and believe it to be wholesome. The present condition of things—the unwelcome intrusion of the thing, the inclination of the few to accept the situation and make what they can vf it, andthe general temper of the british farmer to protest and to wash his hands of the whole iniquity are weil seen in the fol- lowing editorial iu the Liverpool Echo of May 20 (1888); ** At the Dairy Farwing confer- ences just held in the eastern counties an ex- traordinary piece of advice was given in & pope read by Professor Long. ‘If,’ be said, ‘the public tastes for margarine continues to increase, it will bea question for dairy far- | mere to discuse whether they sbould not par. | ticipate in the profits of that trade, which we , are bound to believe are more tangible than those very pr blematical profits connected with the moreancient industry.’ If Professor Long were a representative of the dairy in- terests of New York and other trans-atlautic siates, he could not have given Eng ish pro- ducers more pernicious and pulaldat counsel, | British dairy farmers hold their own in the | fierce battle of competition simply because the articles they turn out possess a high tame, and consequently command a good price. Letthem universally resort tothe devices suggeste’ by the above named treacherous guide, and

THEIR KEPUTATION WILL SPEEDILY DISAPPEAR, and after that the ruin of British dairying will not be far off. The production of butter which is 80 per ceut. animal fat, of cheese

composed wholly of the same material, of lard

the case, by which he has made immense pro- |

half. |

‘LETTERS

and intelligent competition, by ambiing along | serenely, in afree and easy way, trusting to}

tngland and they will easily and often eee it ‘

composed of vile, if not absolutely unwhole- some compounds, had better be left to the in- ventors and designers of this species of enter- prise. On the ground of sophistication and adulteration, home producers cannot hope to compete with their smart cousins, M r. Long's advice to dairy farmers to use margs-

row and regret,’ and to have heen heartily

condemned, The professor had better pass on

to the contine Danish butter makers will say to him should he counsel them to cooly and deliberately ruin their trade. All we care about here is to see that margarine is always sold as such, anil that our Gast home braads of butter get fair ay. P rae almost wonders why the British dairy farmer does not feel inclined actually to pro- hibit the sale of margarine, and admires his pluck in submitting to the innovation, upon principle. Whether or not it would be a wise action to prohibit, I do not know; but it seems to have been a good thing for Denmark to do, for it said to have had the effect there of ‘driving the article entirely out of the market, and of creating a good home demand for pure butter.” It also seems to have been A GOOD POLICY FOR CANADA, for it is a part and parcel of the general policy of Canadian dairymen, whose temper is to stamp their feet on every semblance of the gloul of adulteration and deception in the manufacture of dairy goods. Under that po icy at east one branch of our indastry has flourished, while under a different policy the Americans have come to lament a certain measure of failure. It will be noticed that the Liverpoul Zcho in its scathing remarks, has reference to the ‘‘smart cousins of New York,” and ‘“‘other States,” not to its Cana- dian brethren. There is a market as well as a sentimental value to usin the milder atti- tade of the English writer towards ourselves. As iu our dairy history it has always been, surely our best and grandest policy always shall be—unadulterated honesty, W. i. LYNCH.

Danville, Que., Dec. 14th, 1888. ————

Souris Notes.

Mr. B. B. Cox, Baggage Master on the Souris train, met with a painful accident on the night of the 13th inst., in the rail- way yard, in Souris. While jumping off his train, he slipped and sprained his ankle 80 badly that he had to be driven home. The Doctor says that Mr. Cox will have to keep to his house for four or five weeks.

On the same day, a son of Chas. Ackins, of Bay Fortune, while coming off Souris wharf, fell offa truck, and the wheel pass- ‘ed over his face, breaking his upper and lower jaw, and knocking out five teeth, Both he and Mr. Cox are doing well under | the treatment of of Drs. McIntyre and Me- | Laine. | Mr. McKinlay, of the Land Office, Mr. Boyle and Mr. Heartz, are in the village. They are staying at the Sea View House.

| There are about 20 schooners loading

here, by Matthew, McLean, & Co. C. Me- Eachern & Co., and Mr. J. G. Sterns joad- ed one at Grand River fer Matthew, Me-

market, how much more difficult to supply | Lean & Co.

TO THE EDITOR.

The *’ Patriot” Explains.

Sir,—The Patriot explains that the non- appearance of the St. Joseph’s Sodality Xmas Tree advertisement in its columns is owing to the fact that ‘Sour city editor never noticed the mark until * Enquirer's’ letter appeared.”” I accept the explana- tion, and trust that in future ‘our city editor’ will be more careful. However, it is pleasing to state that the Tree has been

& success, notwithstanding the ‘* neglect ” of your contemporary. th- Patriot complains that ‘ until

lately” the Catholics of Charlottetown | have ignored it in the matter of advertis- | ing, and expresses the hope that as ‘‘ the :editor for years has refrained from giving offence to any body of Christians * * * the time has at last arrived when he will be treated in a similar spirit.” The italics are ‘mine. Itis pleasing to learn from such a | reliable source that the editor of the Patriot ‘has at length seen the error of his way and ‘has ‘‘turned over a new leaf.” With lreference to the lack of patronage com- | plained of, it is not unreasonable to suppose ‘that, as in the case under discussion, a good deal of it ig owing to inattention on the part of ‘** our city editor.”’ Yours, etc., “EN QUIRER. ‘sclieonnneiiiilili: Sati information Wanted. Str,—Can any of your numerous correspon- dents tell me the origin of the expression, ‘* My skirts are clear.” His Worship Mayor Havilani! uses it quite often at Council meet- ings. Periaps ** T. H. H.” will explain. ScHoot Boy.

ee What's the Matter?

Six,—The winter is now upon us and many of our citizens are enquiring ‘* What has be- come of the Literary and Scientific Institute ?” I hope you, Mr. Editor, will not have to an- nounce that it has been buried alive.

Darsy.

ANYTHING that you want in the line of bread, cake and pastry, leave your orders with John Murphy, Kent Street. dec20 3i pd

AUCTION. Driving Sleigh and Robes.

A T SALESROOM, TO-MORROW, FRI. DAY, at 2 p. m.:—

i Single Seated Sleigh and Robes,

] Double ** - -

—also—

50 berrels Agerjoan Baldwin Apples.

R. BEAIRSTO, dec20 Auctioneer.

Sheriff's Sale. |

JEDEDIAH §. CARVELL and others, Plaintiff, an EMANUEL F, PILLMAN, Defendant,

O be sold at the Market Square, Charlotte: A town, on FRIDAY, 2lat December, at 11 o'clock, the followiug goods and chattels :—

1 Desk. 2 boxes Merchandise, 1 pkg Hay Rakes 2 Churns, 1} Lounge, 2 bags Room Paper, 2 Hands Machines, 1 Bedstead (2 pieces), 4 Ktekes, 1 Horse Rake, 2 Paper Boxes, 1 Cot, l

thandisr, 2 Kegs, ' Steve, 1 set Scales, ¥ boxes Giass (large panes), 1 Mould Beard. JAMES CURTIS, Sheritf of Queen’s Couaty. Sheriif’s Ofice, Deo. 20, 1838—dy HK

rine is said to have been received with ‘ sor- |

bairs, 1 bal

aby Carriage, 1 Jaunting Sleigh, 2 Wagons, 1 | Tabie, 4 boxes Merchandise, 2 br}s, 2 firkins Mer- |

ot and see what the French and |

|

'

XMAS BOX

—

ry°O EVERY PURCHASER OF A DOL { LAR’S WORTH OF GOODS from us, from now to the 25th, we will present a SiL- VER-PLATED BUTTON HOOK in Satin- Lined Case, very pretty and useful either for boot or glove. Should we run out of these goods, a new supply will immediately be procured,

Our stock this season of USEFUL AND FANCY GOODS is unusually large and well. selected. We can onby enumerate a few :—

BRONZE LAMPS, HANDSOME CAKE BASKETS,

ICE CREAM SETS,

New Style BUTTER DISHES, EGG STANDS and TOAST RACKS,

SALAD BOWLS

(in Derbyware and Silver},

FISH CARVERS, EGG DISHEs,

EGG BOILERS,

PAP BOWLS and SPOONS,

BAKING DISHES,

China and Glass MUSTARD POTS, colors, very pretty and cheap,

Table Gongs and Bells,

CB IMB TRAYS ard BRUSHES, Silver- p %: '.

CARVING SETS (Children’s Knives, Forks and Spoons, in cases, from $1.25 to $20.00),

WATER JUGS,

TEA SETS, the newest patterns, NUTCRACKS, in Satin-lined Cases, BON BONNIERES,

CARD CASES,

TEA CADDIES, MATCH BOXES, ailvered,

Sugar & Fruit Spoons,

SPOONS, KNIVES and FORKS, the best of Plate,

Solid Silver TEA SPOONS and WAPKIN RINGS,

BONE NAPKIN RINGS,

BONE SALT, EGG and MUSTARD SPOONS,

Oak-mounted BUTTER DISHES MUSTARD POTS,

Fancy Thermometers,

Brass-mounted CAN DLESTICKS,

BRASS PLACQUES, with Porcelain and Terra Cotta Centres,

TRIPLICATE MIRRORS,

Brass and Silvered SMOKING SETS,

HAND MIRRORS,

Silver-headed

in

and

Gold and WALKING CANES,

OPERA GLASSES, pearl-mounted,

Guild Spectacles and Eyeglasses,

READING GLASSES, TELESCOPES,

PLAIN GOLD RINGS,

An immense stock of BROOCHES, in Gold, Silver, Stone and Plated,

Ladies and Gents’ Cuff Buttons,

Diamond and other gem RINGS, very fine. Our stock in this line is worth inspecting.

lored Gold Guard and Keeper Rings,

MASSIVE GOLD WATCHES CHAINS, suitable for presentation,

LADIES’ WATCHES, in Silver and Gold, new styles of engraving and very handsome,

WATCHES FOR THE BOYS,

THAT WILL KEEP TIME,

and

From Three Dollars Up.

We shall be glad to take orders for the fol. lowing, which, to ensure getting filled in time, please send in as early as possible ;

SOLID GOLD CUFF BUTTONS, Patent — with ra:sed initial or monogram of any etters,

Also, for Special Designs LADIES’ or GENTS’ RI inscribed.

and Sises of G8, spprepriately

Orders for any special Xmas Goods or Engraving filled if left with us early.

———ommmt*

t. W. TAYLOR,

Watchmaker, Jeweler and Optician,

CAMERON BLOCK,

CHARLOTTETOWN.

i

For Useful Christmas Presents.

Silk Handkerchiefs, Plain and Hem-Stitched, Fancy Border Handkerchiefs, White Silk Handkerchiefs,