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f Brita-i~niWorkedieEarnestly~>and» Resolutely for Peace. But Germany’slWanton Disregeid. of the International, ‘_

f elgium’s independence Would Be “The Direst Crime That Ever Stained Pages of History” _

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il silwlllili GREY S lions Tous spas

lil~:l=iNl. G one fr lnilrhl Posrrlo .1

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'_ _ _Y im” _ _"wwf Y_W"Y_i 1":-T-‘0ND0N» Aug. 3-Rather less than

;two hours sufficed today for the es. .senual lJl»l»BSt\ges of tile strangest, the lsulost moving, and in every sense of ithe word the most fateful sitting ol ,Parliament within living meme;-y_ 1,, lsome of its accessories the scene wne inimost theatrical. Although there

ihave been llalf-a-dozen oecnsionu this .session when the 1-louse has been more crowdeii, it had been thought

!\0¢0SS3I`Y to t'e"ive ii precedent not 'previously invoked since the Home illtule Bill of 1893, and to euver the centre of the floor with double 1-own of chairs. Moreover, the peers had .been iidnlltted to their gallery before lprnycrs, n. privilege which spared "them the indignlty of u rush-und. :tumble invasion in common with the -general public.

` in an atmosphere thus prepared for

_the great event of the day, Sir Ed- ;Wf\Yd Grey rose to take the nation in- tto the confidence ot' the Cabinet. Ev-

_;ry__\vort_l_ of his skilfully phrnsqq and

‘U (illll y lli0\` fig' iirgllmmif, had

iuiccn coiilmitted to nlanuscript, the ipugcs of which now lily open before tits author on the box at the corner fof the table. As could be perceived lrroln the plaeidity with which they lendured the suspense of ii narrative _that kept less privileged hclirers in _un agony of alternating encourage. tmiml Mill desiill-11'. the Opposition ill-nders were already uwnre of what ,‘“'“S willing- Consequently they took ,110 l\'»1i't in the rival denionstratlons- neither in _the taint applause of the

§lMiulsteriullsts as some iltful gleam ol! iiopc seemed to brighten the horizon fzior in the fierce outbursts of accla- _.zniitlon with which the Unlonlsts hall- `.cd every ndilitionul portent of the ,I-‘CHI-l10I`li1L§ storm. Ministers sat (fthrough it all in the tense attitude ,ot nleli oppressed by a sense of heavy fzlnd solellin responsibility. -er -_ .a-ia' - °~' 'l‘l1E SP1-JECH IN FULL

‘X 'Sir E. Grey who wus loudly gh:-i-i-eil said:-Liiiit wi-ck I stiiti-d tlliit we iiWU|`o \V<-i‘|\ltlg i'or |ll‘nr-u noi. only for fthis country lint to presi-l-re the pl-ucv iil` Idlllwlln-. To-lilly i-vi-nts mow, isu rilpiiily it is t-Xci-l'liill|.{ly iiifiitzilll.. tio stillo wltii ti-i-lillicill iiccill'iii-y tili- iuctillll .stntir of iii'l`i\il'.s. it is i-li-nl*

_rrlllit the lil-lice of l‘lilr0|lo ciilllltl ili- -]-l'i-si-r\'i-il. llllssill nlitl (i<‘rlii1iliy lu\\'i- 2~‘.|i-clltl‘0<i Wiir iill i-iicii olht-l'. Bt-l\l|‘e ,fl ilrili-i:i-il to .stutu lilo position of the (li-vorlilni-lit l would iiki- to clout'

iitlit- grnllllil si- tllait. thi- Hollsi: muy ri-uli1.i.-, hcfore I ronii- to stitti- what

iullr ilttltiiilo is with rt-[_-iiril to illi- (]lrt-sl-lllt rrisis, I-xilctly ilrilicr what _-ililigatlolis the Go\'ilri;lni-lit is. First (of nil, let mo sity vi-ry sllortiy we Iilrlnvc persist--lltly worki-ii with n tlsillgle mimi with nil thi- i.-lirlicstiicss in our po\\'t'i`, to pre-S&'l'\‘i: |li'i\ct-

iilciii-cr_-i). The Hoilsi- muy he iuttisllvil ion that point. We have nlwnys done tit, lilld in tilt-so lust. yours, so for us 'His Mlijesty's Govt-rnmcnt are con-

ii-crlleil, we should have no difficulty ‘ill proving it. 6-4 Tllrollgh till: llnlkiill crisis we work- ll-ii for |enL‘o_ The co-iliici'i\tiuii of the 'Gront Powers of Eurollc wus success-

iful then, lt is true thot some oi the 511-owurs hnd irl'ilnt_ ilifliciilty in nd- 'ullsctilig their iltiillts iii' \'ieW. it $00k in-niirii time. iollor onli ilisvlissieii be- ilorc they rnuitl si-iIli- tlli-ii' iliffclclic- gs; not pence wus .<r-i-.uri-d Iwi-iiusc ipt-nee wns their mnin lilii-‘ft iiiifl il\l‘Y

rl- w|ll||\ig to give time und

nnil 'troilble rnth¢` thnii iii-ci‘l\t\mli'.

lffcri-.ni'i-li.

i v

'fl 9 Working for Peace g

fffn tho `,pi~l-si-lit crisis unhiiilllily- 3'- ‘rmg not In-eh possible to sci-.llru the LR-ni~n of liiuropo |ii-cinisi- tlii-.ri-, lin-*I

Slbmn n, disposition nt._i\i;y rl_\_to int '* me *alters on whlci _ Wi ll" igievt-ll to tim-li thi--ss H-i‘"'lY 'O “Il iilssnc. nt un? "WI L” 1"" g"°“t' "is" -of lll‘nCl-_ Tile rcsfllf W1' “Uv k“‘;T-_

The policy of lit‘&¢‘t‘ NS Ui H9 _lt

4' rent Powers l,»‘.'¢‘i\<‘l‘i\1lY "T t“°'(‘_°_:_i'l` 'nd hug fn,fh~¢|_ I do not wil" 0 luimn it nnll sl\Y _W|‘°"° thh” hm('_'_‘_2 nuemg to us to lii_-whit PoW~

aim-rn most in fnvor of l>0l\C“ “‘“‘

hli-.li were most “i“P‘“"d to pndilliia

cr pence, bccmtso I w0U|‘| llk° num to npproncil thi- crisis fiom

he point of vii-W of Bfmsh i“t_;”";t.'q'

` d -ht-ers) ml l'\- ~ :;:_'-‘:,.'ii’.;‘.:;'..:::“

.hw from nu pnssinn (chf-'0I‘H) ii to why l-fi-C0 "“‘ “°° b"°“ pm'

,icrwd we ,hall publish palm” “B

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5 noon its we can rc-tr“"‘“"t¥ "mm "$330

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‘;c‘I’l\i'm;1*t‘B::pt\nd when those PIIPUTQ

hlished l have no dnuht th!!

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o every humnn liciflil *hey Wm mqkg

t dem. haw nerr-niioils nnfl KW" “

4 holc-hearted oill' 0W“h Mnxits tx: 5 _ cn were (chi-crap. nn<:_;~___ey_'__ _“dm .» hte people to 1'1"” I t work me-nt ne tewhnl. lei-oe: wer-_-we _ {'h|Ch 0p°ra"ed .gains pea - \ l

'..\ Ill!!! 0hllgatiolis --""“'"

` tion

com, gli" nay te tho fi-l-_-S ni-lilth chiizntifm”-h' ,,:‘,‘;‘_,f MK

_ ri.-fl the House. iindl ° sc more . her hal Alsuroll the Hou `

en noel. I-7"" " any crm!t'i?chtiiii I9 Wfdfi. “ "um ml-ieenniia goo able "Hottie 0| CONN; “_” to dnmo fi." |\ ' .ma m in me .lr\\tnh_»u-#ldv nn

‘ Het _-_ Ju

igu»»n,|,1_

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.V -.-f1.=l~;,-iw' . - ;__,=. <sttf».*--:--?,.- '_ , I-

wo coultl spr1llp_- gpg! the Hough’ and tht-iisuy to thc House that bccnuse wcllad i.-ntcri_-d into that i-ilgnigi-mcilt tlioro “His on ohligo.tiol\ of honor up on tho_country. l will dt-ill with lhiiii Dvlllt to clear the grotlliil ills-9., Ther-1 have been in E--roi-o two ui- i-lvm-t-<= 1.-rout-S-the 'ri-lple Alliance and what “ull-`1L‘f £0 be culled the Triple Ent(-nte-for some ycnrs past. The 'lffllllo Iflntcnto was not nllinnce; it W-\1-' li. diplomatic gro\lp_ The House will remember that in 190? there W“_5_0- Cl`iSlS (ul-‘I0 n. Bulkim crisis) °'_"t~i1"uiiiil<\ in thc” auncxittion oi' Bus ni_n_orl<l Herzegovina. The Russinn Minister, M. lzvolsky, liuppcnt-il to como to London-his visit. had been lilniliicd before the crisis hroko out -mid, l_ tillll liiln tlefiliitely then thot, tilts being it Balltnn nlinh-_i illd not collsiilt-r that plllilicopiiilon in this country would jilstify us ln pi~oi_nisilil.r 1\l\Yi~|iiiil: more than dlplo. matic siippui-t_M0r,3 was never- ask- “-1 "Om -is. more was never given, and more wne never promised. In U‘_‘»*' I’l't’>}'lit l'i‘iSiS. un till yi-eti-rdtw_ with winch 1 will como to di-nl we had also glvi-n no promise of any-_ °h‘“ili more than diplomatic slipper; (ht-nr, hear).

,. ,l ’l‘lic Morocco Crlsie §i,'_=,:[fq",ii

flmust make this question; ‘of oblig-

lltlolr Clear to the House, I mug; go hack first to the Morocco crisll of 1906. That was the time of the Al- l.-,'cciras Conference. It came nt njtirne "UTY d'it’iicult to his Miijesty':~l Govern mi-nt. Aqi-nt-rel election wus in pro- lU'0SS~ Ministers were scattered ever U10 C0ll|\ti'y. I Wits spending tlii'ec‘ “NYS at week in my constituency and thrco dilysilt the Fort-igii Office., `l was usiii-tl the iluestion whether, if tlint crisis lli.-velopt-il into rl. wut' he. i-\_”l‘Uli Fi'1\i\L`f‘ nnd Gei'mnnY» vw would uflvc nrmctl sill-port. 1 said then that, l_ could iiromisi- nothingi to a. for-_ 01.1-’.‘ii Po\vcr unit-ss it was silliscqucnt, ly to r~.-i:oi\'c thi- wlloli-'ln-l.\rleil< slin- liortf of niiliiic o|iillio|1 hi-re when thu ocoiiezioll iiruse (Miilisti-riiil i-iii,-ers.)

was ft-t'ct.-tl upon Fl‘unce then on tho ifucst ion kit ‘Morocco-iii. l|lli-l-'t~ioli which lloil just lict-ii the slllijt-ct of iigrccmi.-nt iii-twi-on this country and Frnnci-nn n-,:l'irenii-ni. excel-ilillgly pop lllnr on llotli siiles-thot if out oi ‘hilt l1i»l'l'0t‘mt-nt it wot' wus i°oi‘ri-d up- on Frulici-iit tliiit. time, in my opin- ion. plllllic opillion in .this colilltry wolllillliivo ruiiii-d tothe niiiteriui Slllllli-i‘l. of Fl-liiicc iciii-i-rs). But T. friii/c no |-rolnisi-_ I cxllri-ssl-il that ii|»loion_ iliiii I i-xpn-ssi-ii it tliroilgn iliiit L'l'i>~iis, its i`iil' nr# l l‘i-nli'mi>er, nl- mosl. ill ihi-sonic words to thi- Froni-h Ai1i|li\Ss:lilin~ oliil illi- Gi,-rlniin Amllits- silllol' iii. the time. l mirie liil pro- mise iinil lnsi-ii no illri-lit. hilt l 9;. prcssi-ii tliilt uhillioii.;

Tile _Iguiilr Crisis '

'Pilot POBii2ion was accepted by the

French Government, hui: they gnid to me at the time-I think very I‘B890iiab1yI-~"Il yoil think it possi- bl0 that public opinion in Great Brit- ain nllght whcnit sudden crisis arose justify you in giving to Frimce the urmeil support which you cannot promise in nil\':i.nce, unless between the military and naval experts some conversations had taken plncc, you will nbt be able to give that sup- lloill. even if you wish to give it, when the time comes." There was force in that. I agreed tn it, and authorized those conversations to take place, but on the distinct im- derstalndilni; that nothing which passed between the military and naval experts should bind either Government or restrict in any way their freedom to coime to n decision ns to whether or not they were to give that support when the time 811180.

I have told the House that on

that occasion n general election was in prospect. I had tn take the re- sponsibility ol doing that without st Cabinet, which could not hc sum- moned, and nn answer hnd to be given. ll consulted Sir Henry Cami)- hell-Belnlierlnnn, then Prime Minis- tcr; I consulted, I renlcnnber' Loral Haldane, who Wns then Secretary fm- Wnr, and the present Prime Minister, who Wes then Chl’-i1°°li0l` or the Excheqiiei-. That was the most I could dn. That wns outlier- ised, 'but on the distinct unilerstnnd- ing that it left the hands of the Government free whenever h crisis amen The tact, that convcrsntlons between the military amd naval ex- pert; took place was later on-I chick much inter on. b-°--we I-\--'- ',,|-me plugged and the thing ceased #.0 be of impertrnce-was later on brought to the knowledge of the Cabinet. The Agadir crisis came- amiotlxer Morocco crisis-und through- out that tl took precisely the name ll-no no had been takm in 1905- 3“b‘ eequentiy in 1912 :liter discussing the situnton wie), the (lailrlnet, it wns decided that we ought to have s 60-

finlto underst:anil'l'l_l;,' in yrltig, though' it was on to irc In 6 form ol ivn Umm 1°"'°'- MV# these conversations were not trlndiuli' upon the freedom oi either (Invern- n»-_urga md on N'0Vd!Dl70t‘ 22, 1911!, I wrote 9 letter which I will n-ow read go one I-louse, to the French Am- mgndor, and I received Iroini htm is letter in similiar terms in relllv- _

__ Understanding With Franca The letter which I will rand will

M know-D to gh, pubile new ne til: ,wow um; qhneever took i-Into lili- gqqg the military ani nnvnl ox

g hhill umm'

M--2 _ "‘ ‘Li

__ _ua-“,_~,»., i _,_ 1 .. _ ~ ~-" ~ ~‘ ,.- = - if .--c ~ ' "'~t|-nq,¢:..:.:. -'~-~~-l “mir ' - " ' ‘T ' ‘ ‘“‘*"‘""` "“`*“"" ' F" 0 _ - H1:

’ _ . - _ -,.- ut -et--cv:-». i _ _ _ _ _ _ _, _ , .

ll suizi tliiit, ill my opiliioil, il' lt Wnr..

:_

ter was: 1

My dear Ambassador,-From

time to time in recent years the 'French and British nu-val and military experts have consulted to-

Late as tp what they should feel. about it, The I-louse individually und collectively may judge tor itself. But no\v I speak for myself, from the point of view ot feeling.

Eether. It has always been under-

stood that suoh consultation does nlut restrict the freedom of either Govoi-ument to decide at any fu- ture time whether or not to assist the other by armed force. We have agreed. that consultation be- tween the ‘experts ~is not, amd ought not to‘be regarded as an 0'1°EIB¢1l11f-'lit that Udtnmits either Governirient to action in a con- tingvncy th-at has not yet arisen end may never arise. The disposi- tion, for instance, of the French and British fleets based upon an engagement to co-operate in war.

You have, however, pointed out

that if either Government had grave reason to expect an \1Iil’l`0‘ veked attack by ii th-lrd Power it might become essential to know whether it could in :mt event depend uipon the arm-:.1 assist- ance of the other. I,ogree that il' either Government. had grave reason to ex-pect an unprovolred attack by a. third Power, or some-

li

thlngthat threatened the general

"peace, it should immediately dis- éicuss with the other whether beth ` Governments should act together

to -prevent aggression and to pre- . serve peace, and, ii' so, what miiieasures they would; bo- prepared

to take in common. That is the starting point for the

Governmi.-nt with rogiird.'t0,the pro- scnt ci-isis, 1 think that multi-s ll pt.-rfcctly 'clear' that/what the Prime Minister. und I have snid to the House DE Commons wus |iorfc~ctly jllstifit-d,~ nntl that as rcgrirrls our freedom to decide in it crisis what

_our linil slloiiiih be-wht.-ther we should intf-r\‘elic or 'whether we should nh- stuill-ilie Govt-rlimciit remained pur- fi-ctly fra-il and it fortiorl the House of Commons remained perfectly free (Millisti-riol cheers.)

Tiluli. l sity to l-leur thi- ground

from thc point. oi' \'ic\v-l'rf*r'fhlii_gi\tioii, ami I think it wits iliic to lii‘i>\‘o our gnoil filith to the Htlilsi- of Gom- mt-lls tlmt I sllollld g'i\'e that full .ln- lormlltfon to the House now, and stty, Whitt I think is nllviinls from the letter just rciiil, that wi- tio not construe nnytiling' which llns pre- vimlsly tnki-n place in our iliplomntii: l'elut.ions with otlicr'{>owvrs in this mnttt-r its rcstrii-ting the i'rt-cilom ol the Guvcrllment to decide wliiit, nttl- tudi- ilu-y sholllil take now or I0- stricl. xii.: the fl‘c<.-dom of tho House of Commons to ilcciilc what their unti- tudc will be (hciir, heiir).

32% _ lf,

(lrlgln of Present Dispute

I Will go i'urtllei', and soy iiiisi Tili-

situiitinil ill the pri-sont crisis is not |n~ei:isi-ly thi- some os it *wus lil thi- Morocco qllcstion. ln tht- Morocco qlli--tioli il, was 'primarily tr liispllte which colicl-i~iit-il Fritnci- -ll illslnitc it seemed to tis fnstcni-tl \ll>tin Frulicc out of un ngrt-0mi‘ilt ox- istillg in-tween us and Franco and piilllislu-ii to the whole world, lmtii.-r ivhli-li we ongu-ri-d to give Franco dlp- li-miitic support. No doubt wo were pit-iliri-d to nothing but dilllomatio siipport hilt we were ut any, rate pledged by definite-pllliiishcd iiigtwii- mi-nt to side with France* diplomati- ciilly in that question' The present, crisis lids origiiinwd differently. lt has not orlginiiteil with regard to Morocco. it has not orlginntr-tl ns regnrils anything nlloui. which we hail special ngrt-emi-ot with Fiznnccg it luis not oi-iginnti.-il with anything which |n-im-nrily conci-rni-d Franc-. It originuietl in u diliiutc betwevn Austriii und Si-rvin.

'l i-nn soy this with thi- mont uhm-

lute l-inliiili-live no Govcrumi-nt. mid no roulltry lille less di-sire to bc in- volvi-d in wilr or witil thi- i|lsptiti-,ll<‘- twr-eu Alls-irin niiil SL-i'\'in iliiin the Govi-l‘|imt-lit nntl coiinrry of France (lgllii rlii-i-rs`l. 'Flu-y iiri- i|i\'ol\'<-ll ill it' lli-i-nil,<i- of their olvligiilion of linu- or (rl~|\i-well viii-i-rs), lliuii-l‘ it ili-linit- nlliillici- with l'lil>:,-.in. it ie only fiiif' to _soy to the Hotlso thi.-it thiit ul»l\- iritiion of honor cnlinrit i\1l|ily in the rnme wily to ull (some <-in-i.-l'l-i`». Wi- iiri- not |li\l‘tii---. to thi- l5l'.\i\i'o- Illlssliiii niil-ilicc. Wi- tio not t-ve!! know the terms of thot itlliiio-_-c.

Long Standing }:`rlcni'isllip

So far I have faitllfuliy and com-

pletely cleared the ground with rc- gard to the question oi’ obligations. l now come to what we think the situ- ation requires. We have had for many years a lung-standing friend- ship with Frallce (cheers. and Mr. Wedgewood; And with Germany.) l remember well when the late Govern- ment mnde their agreement with France the warm and cordial feeling: ienultin from the fact that those

_ _ g two nations, who had had pcrpetunli

differences in the past, had cleared those differences away and become- frlends. I remember saying at that

Divine influcncl had been at work to produce the cordinl atmosphere which had made that result possible, but how far that friendship entails obli- fatlon-and it has been 1; friendship between the two nations (cl ecrsl rn!- lficd by the niitlolls-‘_ci. mt--y lllnn look into his own henrt and "tis own feelings null cozllitlwle the i-.tit-:-t of, the obilgniiori to rllllim-if i'l-liri-rs.) I construe it tn myself ns l feel li, but I do not wish to nrlro i-f».-- lirvolze

time that it seemed to me that somei

i I

Could Not Staind Aside _

The French fleet is now in the Med-

iterranean. The northern and west- ern coasts of France are absolutely undefended. _With the French fleet concentrated ln' the Mediterranean the situation is very different frerln what it used to be, because the friend- ship which grew up between the two countries gave them a. sense of se- curity that there was nothing to be feared from us. My own feeling is this, that it s. foreign fleet engaged in a war which France had not sought. and in which she had not been the aggressor, came down the English Channel and bombarded and batter- ed the undefended coasts of France. we could not stand aside (loud and prolonged cheering. Many Opposi- members waved handkerclilefs and order papers, as did also Mr. Robert -Harcourt on the Ministerial side)--- the thing going on practically within sight oi' our eyes, with our arms folded, looking on dispassionzitely. doing nothing; and 1 believe that would be the feeling of this country (loud cheers.) There are times when one's own individual feeling makes one feel that if the circumstances ac- tually did arise it would be a feeling which would spread with irresistible force to others in the face ot the ,thing happening. But I want to look at the thing also without sentiment from the point of view of British in- terests, and it is on that 1 ani going; to -base and justify what l um present- ly going to say to the House.

.......o., .ic i"-.-_l

If we say nothing at this moment

what is France to do with her neet in the lvledlterrnncnn? She leaves it there with no statement from us of i-what we will do. She sees her north- ern and western coasts absolutely iinil<-tended, at the nlercy of the Ger- man fleet coming down the channel to do as it pleases in a war which is a war of life and death to her. We say nothing, it may be, und the French fleet is withdrawn from the Mediter- ranean. We are in the pressure of u ldilropean confiugration. Can any- body set limits to the consequences which may arise ollt of it? Just as- sume that today we stand aside in an attitude of neutrality, saying, “l\'o, we cannot engage to ilclp`either party in this conflict." Let us suppose the Fi-encli fleet is withd-rawn front thi- Mi-iiiti-rrnneuii niltl ict us iissllmi- thai. this i'i'-list-l|ililii'i-.s which uri: |\l\'i-oily tri-rnilllilolls e\'i:ll to i-mm- tries which ure iit pi-lici-. in fiitzt. t-t|liul iii tho i'tlrlst:t|l|t-lice-S tu trliuiy whii-,.1 uri- nt will'-li-I. its nssllmt' tlint oilt of that c lmi: t'oli.~iuf|lli-llL't-s llni`<ii`o- si.-ell which lnuki: ii lit-ct-ssury nt it suilil-_-ll int-mi-lit tliiit. in iloii_-lice ot' vital British illti-rt-sts We sliiiilltl go to war, und let its iissilme v.-lint; is quite possible, thiit ltnly, which is now nillltrnl-iii-L'ii\lsc I llndcrstlilitl silo collsidi-rs this wnr is on n.gi;rcs- sive Will- (chi-cl'S). and that the ’i‘ripio Allinlici-, lit-ilii; it tloi'clisi\'o ulliuiieil, ht-l' obligiitioiis do not nlisi--tilltt ltuly, ici.-_ilimntoly consulting hcl' own inti-l'er~its_ muy dcpnrt. irom her attitude oi' ni,-ut'l'l\lit.v ut it limi: whi.-il we nrt- forced to tight oiirsclvcs. Whitt; will bo thi- position in the Mediter- riuicnn thi-ll? it might he that tiii-so consequeiici-s would hc fort-eil upon us

iit some critiriil monient when th--_

trade routi-.s in the Mi-<l.itcrl'i\nt-an might be vitnl to this country.

Nobody can suv that in the course

of the next it-w weeks ther.-, is tiny piirtiizilliir truth- route the o|lenili|_r ot Which might not lie vitul to tliiéi country. Whitt would our po:-iition bo tilt-iii’ We hiivi- not kept in the M0ili-, it-rrnnelili it dt-ot. which is eqllnl to_ iii-ul nlono with it comllin.itii-n Ol other iii-i.-is thi-rig Tllnt would ln: tiu-_ \i-l'y moment wht-li wi- cinllli not ilu- tiirli moril ships iol' tili- Mi-ilili-l'r;ill- i-lin, nnd wi- might lion- i-xposeil this <~iilintl'y tlirollgli our iii-irilliro ulti-

'-\ltit‘ lit tilt* l'|"'~“<'l-t l\`-Ulf-"lil U' il ;impol'liillci- of illilso iililipgntiilrls tilull

most ii|l|\n|iilig‘ riili; ivlli--l'sl~ 1 *WY tiint from ill»- point ol' \ii-W of B|'il-

ii-li illl--ri-.-ts.

l’l'-mllse to Frilncc ` -'

if.-Il. wi- l'-.~li_ strinigly til_it Fritnci- '~i.e= iiliitl--ii to know. itnil to lnlw

‘.~_i. . ii -i- ilooil i-Iii--srsl. whi-tlii-i~ or nvi-

ill l|_i- i-\i-ni of nn ottilcla i||ti|l llel' tl|1g=r,lt..i:ic| nortlii-l'n nlltl \vl-:<ie:'n clritits silt; roi ll iloni nil upon Britisll s'.l|i'>oi'l, illiil ill tititt. i:m\2i'|§i‘i\<‘y nliil- ii|.d -r 'those i:o:n|n-iiiou- vii-i-llm>=Li\i\C\'-*i yi-.~.ti-rilily ilfll,-i'l`o:ln I i'.n\'i- to the Fl'ill.h Aniilitssittlot' th: foililwillg slnli-nif.-lit :-

I nm ulilliorisr-il to L'i\'l‘ nn ns-

r~‘ill'.\l\i'i: that if the Gcrmnn iicct r-omi-s into this Clinnni-l or through tht- North Si-rt to tlntll‘i‘ti\k0 hos- tili- oni-riiilinis nirdiiist the French cousin or .~=hip|.iu_»- the Brili.~h Flor-t will give nil the |\l°otv.-.ctinn ill its ilowi-r (loud ch-.‘i'f=)- 'Phil iissi-l'i\llce is. oi' ciiill-sr. i.ii'~.ii~-‘i» U’ tht- policy of his Miijl.-:nys Gov- i-rnmcllt. 'rect-ilil`lu‘ the .~=tlN'iiI't fif Pnrliiimi-lit. und must. nit I-0 ti\'\i-ii its li ldinl- ul-on hiv- 'f‘~1;|.l*-“- iy`s Go\i-lil-r_t-ut. to in i- lilly oi-.lion ilnzil the it' n.i- i~on.ii\ i-'-"y ‘ nl' octioll bv the Gi-riiliill th-.t _ Inkes |-l ici-

I Llliii I I

i_j.,:,,_,, ._ Lifa “nd Death vnu- ~ `- arylsuitli "Wu n1ii_--lit llit\.'i-_ i-x|llni_iii-li t

in it \'i-ry l‘ol'tnn| way, llul. .l illld-r- slullil thot. thi- Gi-rmaln Govirriimcnt Wi-illtl if" l'i't'»linr_~il, ii we would ph-ili,;i~ iiilrsi-iris tn lic\lt|‘;iiity_, to ilu-rec thot. its fit-et. woillil not attnck the north- i-l'li cilntits iii' Fi'iiiil:e (some Mililst.\-i'- lui und Lullor i-hcl-rs). _L have onlv lu-nrll thai. shortly in,-t`in't-_ l cumu to tile House, init it is lui' too niirro\\» nn i-iigrlgt-lilelit for us (loud cllcirrsi. Anil tilt-ri: is it more si-rioiis izinliii- tion - it is lit-<:imlill-E; more sei-ions i>very_ ilonr,_

Neutrality of Belgium ’ _L

Tliore is the olii-stioli oi thi- ili-litl'l\l- ity ol' BL-1;.-;iilin t<1li\.'\'i’»). 1 :-'ilnll inlvi-_ ti; put. lit'i`oi'e the House ut somi- li-nn'i.h what our posil ion with ri-ultril to Belgium is. Thi: uii\ol‘iiill;; l`iti:toi- iS it treaty of 1839. Tliilt. is it trelltv with o, history-it iiisiorv uccllmuiut. Od since. .ln 1870,'whi-n there wus Wil: between Frulicil unit Gi-rmnny. thi- qui-stion of the nellt.i't\litv of Bt-l_i_fium nrose. Various things wi.-ro sniri. Amongst othi.-r things, Prince Bis- marck gave an iissurunce coniirmini; his vi-rbul ns:~nli‘iinci-. Ho govt- in writing n, decluriition which he suiil wus slllli-l-fluillls ill thi- |n-isi-ll<'i- of tili- tri-nty in i-xisti-nl.-i-, ihiit lilo Gi-rnliin Cilnfi-ilcl'itt.io|i iinil ililii-s would rcs- poci; the iii,-lltluilitv ol' Birlgillm. it lining always llnili-rstooil ilint thru. nt-lltrulity would be l~i-spi-rii-il llv oth- er br-liigcri-ill. Powers. 'I`lii.s is vitillu- lrle as u, rt-.cognitioll ill 1870 on thi- ili\i’t of Gt-.rmlillv of the slcroilli ss of thi-so tri-ilty l'il_;iits.

Whitt was inn' own nttltiltli-'.’ Th-

pcoplc who litid di.-wn thi- nttltllili- f lilo Bl-iiisii Govt-l'litui-lil. \vt-ri- Loi-.l Griiiliiilt- ill thi- Honsi- ol` Lilriis nlll Ml‘. Glllllstoiiii iii th" Hililsi- ol' Cotir mons_ Loril Griln\'ille oil All--list I,

tl

thi-_ country iilitl to fill‘t-iirn ilrttiillis that w\.- iliil not tliiiilt this ciillnlry wus Iiollntl i-itlli-r miirnily or iilti-r- nntionnlly, or tluit its init-it-stu wi-i-o

lit-lltrlliity in' Bch,-'i-ini. 'Pliiitlgli tiliit collrsi- milllil hiivi- hnd some i-oii\'<-l- ii-ilci-, thinlirlt ii. mitrlit liitvo hcl-li i-iisy

gt-r, it is it t:ollrsi.- whit-it Her Miijvs-

colllltry with ony dui- ref.-gnril to thi-

tlio treaty. lt is not. ueccssni'y, iii-r would time permit. mo to unter into

Uri- of the ollligittiolls ol' the treaty. Bilt l nm not. iihie to subscribe to tho rliictritii-_ of those who have licill in this House what tllniniy amounts to i\|i n:-'si-l'tiiil\ thot the simple fact of the cxistclico of the gunrnnt.i_-e wus llilidiilir oil every purty to it, irres- pi-cti\'i- nltogethcr of tho pul‘tii;lllit\' position in which thi-y fiiiil them- si-lvus ni. the time wlicli tho occur,-ion for acting on the f_riiiil'nnti-o itrisi-s. The great. r\utlioriLit‘s on fort-iirn poi- icy to whom l lx:i\'i- hccli tic.-ilstoirii-ii to listl-ii--Lord Alu-l'ill-i-li und Lord Pulmi-rstoli--lu-vel' to my kiiowlvtligi- took thot rigid nlitl im|n'nctit'aii»l;: View of fl, ;;'ililri\ntt-i-. 'lille cirrilm- .stance tlini. tiieri- is niri-litiy i-xistiliir li. g-ilnruiiti-is ill l`oi'<'i: is ol' not-i-ssity ull impilrtilllt fiict. ilnil im elolnt-nt. in the ciise to wllii-it we nrt- liiiilllil to givi,-_ fllli nlill itmpli- i'till.-'iti<‘|‘ulii-ll. Tili-ri-_ is iiisn ilii- |'llrtlli_-1' c0lisilii:l‘:i- tion, which we niiist. iili fr-i-l niost tloi-ply, ilnil tliut. is thi; common iii- ti-l'i,-st ngtlillst the i-xtl'i\mi-_ li.gp_l'ilti-

(chi-i-rs).; If Honor and Interest -'l Y-`.5._-?'=jl‘_`:

i T out the matter to myself Uruha 'I‘lli- tri-i\t_v is nn old tri-iitv. lt. is one ot' thosi- tri-utils whirh ure Iomllnd not only oil i-inisitli-riitit-it for Bd- piiim, which ln-ln-fits hy it, but in thu intl-ri-sts of illosi- who iriinrnniwthe ni-lltrlliilv of Bi-lulilm (viii-ilr-s~). Hon-:lr illlil inti-ri-.st orc i\I. li-.i.»~lt. its st.l‘on_-_g iiiilny its in 1870. nnil wi- i‘ili\ilot.tiil<»- ll inilri- lllii'l‘rlw \i -tv iir it ii-so ,~:i-riotis \~ii-\v of our oiiliiriltiiillei ilnii of tili-

Wu-< inlii-ll lfv Mr. Ci-.\ilsloili:'s Gov- i-i‘llln'Iit. ill 1370. l \\'lli i't-:iii til iili: I-`i\l..-:.- Whitt took pltliw- lust; \-reel; i.-n this slibicct. When mobiliz- ation wits l.~t-iginnim.-,' l knew that 'this :i’lc~rtloii lliust lvl-_ ,\ most im- portant eleiiicet is 0-xr policy ‘iinld a most Lnil-ortnilt sul.-Qi-.ct for the Hollstl of Commons. l telegraphed at the same time end in sinllnr terms l;-oth to Paris iintl l3crlin`tn say it vw-.s es-slsntini for us to ’.no.v whether the French and German Gn- vernmcnts respectively were prepare.-l to iindertalti- on engiigeiiient in re- enect to the neutrality of Belgium. The French Government repllcd:-

The French Govemment are re-

solved to resin-ct tho neutrality ol Belgium, and it would only be in the event' of Boimo other Power viola-tin-g that neutrality that France might Bud herself under the necessity, in oril-er to secure the defense of ber security, to act otherwise, This assurance has been gr,-on nz-vcrnl times. The Prcsiilent of thi- Republic spoke ef it to the King of the llelginns, and the French ltlinlstt-.r at llrilseels spen- t:-.r_i~irl:*.3y relicwcd the nsrirnnrc tn th- iirlirliin lliinlatcr for l-‘orcign .-\.” ;;`:'s.-(i`ht-ers)

ii-'ws colors in, iinil I i-mlnot give thinl

coni't-rin-ii. iii tlli- miiilitolliillco of the

l

to niilli-ri- to it. tiiiiiiu-ii it might. ll;i\'i~ Hlivt-tl its i`l'iJm'silmil iiilillvilintt- tliili-

W'-‘i Gov--l'limi-lit ilioioghi. it itnpossi- lilo to iiililpt in the name of th.-

t:ouritry'_s honor lillii to the coiihir-y'_~, inti-rt-sts" ttrlier-r:~:). Mr. Glniistonc i-'|loi<-- us follows two days litti-i‘ :-- "’['hi-rt-_ is, I iidmit_ nn ollliguiion of

thi- compll.-uti-il uiiestigh of the ,mt-

disi-mi-nt ot' any Power wliat.i~vi-r".i

I

before consulting the Emperor and , ive run away _(loud and prolong ' the L'-l.\zi.ilcellor. clicers) from those obligations 01! Sir E. Goschcn said that llc hop- liulioi: and interest its regards Bel-v

ed the answer \vould not he too long gilini, 1 doubt whether, wliateveqx

nniteriel force we might have at tha___

dclilyed. The tl‘ei'nt-.in .i\liliil='tcr for Foreign Affairs then g-,ive Sir Fl, Goschcn to unilertrtalid that he ruth- er doubted whether they eoulil ails- wer at all, ns any reply they might. give Could not; full, in the event of \vnl', to liavi- the ilndesirnlzle effect of disclosing part ei their cailipillim (lilppositiohl laughter). -1 te-le-,gri-.piled i at the same time to llrllsseis to the Belgian Uroverninlcnt iinil not the fol- lowing reply from our Alnl»ussiiilor:--

The lllillister of l"oi`r:igli Aiinirn

tlizliilicd lilc for the i‘o.:i-.lil-.lniln-ition, und rtrplitld that llclginlil wolllil,til the utinost of her power, inznntnln nclltraiity. lie lcggr-il inn to o.-.ldi that tile Ileiginli tiovcrlill'-e.'it, he- licved they were in fi. position ti) defend the neutrality of t.il~‘ii` coun-

try in cus.: of viiiliition (clief-rel.

Now there is the news I have rc-

Ceived today, tllollgli it has collu- quite recently, and I uni lint yet tjuiti sure it ll,-is renclllzil me in an uc- curatc (erin. 'l`iie llevrl-i is that :nl ill- timntlllll has lac--n gi-_'ell to llotigi-lm by tlermally, the object ef wllicli v.'n=; to oiirr Heli-limi i'riei.iiiv l"--lotion.: wltli tlclwiiiilly on c--.niiltioti thot itil.--_ fiiciliitz-.te tile 1>;;.~‘..-ii:r- of iii-tlllfzli troops throillrli lit-if-illnl. i'ni.il <-.i:- lins st-en tiles: things nil:-i‘;l.'.ii‘iy lic- iinitcly, 1 do not wish to rl.-.'_’ i-.li that one would stty ii one wats. in it position to give the if-lllsc fllli, colli- l>lCtt‘, mid nlylsollltt- l‘.lf.,:‘ili1lt_li»l\ on the pill-nt. We \v“cri- llo.lnilr.tl ill the C0\ii‘se of lnsi. \veck ns to \-.'il~"tiicl' if n. guiirantee \vas girl-li thnt. i-.fit-r fthe war lit-_ltxiiliil ntegriiy \-:olilii he ohserve-rl tilrit ivoulil efintrlll us, Wi-l 1`9lllicd that wi- could not lli1";_'.'ii:i .away \vliutcl'cr izltclre-ltr; or ollllirn- tions \-vt-_ hall in llelcinil nt-.'.tl'.ilit§, (cheerl). Shortly before l reilehsfil the House i was iniornic~d that the following i;elc;zi‘nln ilzt-l hr-'-n l'i::-t‘i‘.'o;l from the liir-f ef the `B'ol;';i?itis ivy King Georgc:»-

lieninttll>ei‘Ln; the nunicro-.lst

proof.-i oi your' .\iil§L".€l.v's fi‘ii-it-.iifiin and that of your pri~ill;‘i-.-"s':or_ an-'t the friendly ottitllil/,i oi lun-rlllnil in 1870 and tile proof nf frieliti:-lilip She has just given ns, I lnnlzt-_ :l supreme ap|-cal to tilt- tiil-lolr..\t.ie intervention of yozlr i\ill.j¢sty`s llo- vernlrrolit to safcfzilnrll the integrity of D0-lgiliin (cheers).

I

.;:__.,, .\'euir:l.lliy Violilit-ii

‘ Diplomatic intervcntioll tool: place last week on our pnrt. lvliat. c.ir't'dil*~ lolmatic intervclition do llo\v‘.’ We have ul great iiliil vital interest in

tegrity is the least; port of it-'#--f Belgium. If Belgiiun is colmhilllod to allow her neutrality to be viol:1tod,. ‘ of course the sitiletion is clear. Evenf if by agreeinent sho ad-mittetl the‘ violation of her neutrality, it is cleirr, that elle collld only do Sl- ililfl-Eff ;¢1uregg_ The is-nlnllcl' States in tllati) region of ldiirope nslk but one thini;.l Their desire is thot they should be left alone (cheers). 'Ihe one tllingi they four, I think, not so muclxx thiat their integrity us tliut their.

inliepcnilcnce slionlil he ilitcrieileix with. lif in the -_\'.-ir which is befo

Europe the nelitrniity of one of thesga countries is violets-d, if the troops of one of the coliillemnte violati- its neutrality nnil no action is /tskanl to resent it-. at the end of the war,” v.‘ii‘ntt-vcr the integrity med bc, the independence will be gone (cheers).

I he-ve one furthe: quotation alxoi

from Mr. Gladstone. as tg, what bei

Be Hqgaii-

1g'1<xw1:'M‘:om1manes:irithcln-i qpuulmm Daw-vrnwhlnhllj

hiohwoudvi.

és. E

gi.

tlmiigilir. about cnelndeverfienev oil

i i

.°¢thn,

guarantee. in the me-l wg gn dp qymiirm 1-ba&K, tmileri tho ciramnetmnl ol the cuss, this. ommtry, outlawed ul IG is with in- flionme wil pmnr, would iluictlyi l~lta.nd lyy and w-.tiiose the pcrpi-tra-_’ tion of the :lirest rrilnc til-nt ever ,;min¢_'i the pn-,yes of ilistilry, llriil thus lvccanie p_-iititip_iti;rs in the sin." l0ppositii-ri elle-_-r.=_! Now, if tlllit Ili- the i-.list-_ th-tt t_llc‘.'--_

hnzi hecn ilnytilillg ini the llntilre ofl izn ultinlgt-,lm to Bellgillm

§ B’ we -r E?

fcrcd to her in return, hifi' inrlepl~nd- once is gone if that lu-lil-'_ Anil if her iiiili-pr-niicnce goes the in`.l0ll0ii<l0"\°‘¥ 0( [-lollnnrl will follow. Now, 1 risk

i ~ 1,5 rom the point of view-

the lfo' c, f -_ _ of British intércsts, to enum-iier wlilati ,my be ui, ni.-,tire tclit-era). ll P‘rnnce» in heat-gh tn it ;;t;i~.\;_fgl\-_ for life nildi

position us li (lrcnt l‘o\vi.-r and be_

,copies silbordinnte to the will and

anticipate tcliccre)-l;-sri-.life I ni euro that France hits the l\0\V0l' I-01

line shown so often tcllcersii-#wi-ll if tl-.tit were to llni‘ll0Y\. ll U0l§ii\\'\‘\ fell under the sian-e <lo:nin:l.tini; ‘Ult- flucncc. and tlieri l-foil.-inil will T70" my-||~k_ would not Mr. (Il1ttleb0ll0'il words, which I have already i|_\ioi0d.' come true? ‘

llitllgrr lil Dt-lily ~

di-nth, iientr.-n tt-herkllree,1os0s h$ i

-_ int.-,

I

end of it would be of very muc vuluo in face of the i‘espect.tlmt w should have lost (renewed. cheers.) And l do not believe that, whether a. great i'owi.-r stands outside this war, or not, it is going to be in il. position :tt the end of this war to exert lt. ~ niatcriui strength (cllci.-rs.) l-‘or us.-

unil protect our shorts and protectfi

our interests, if we engage in War, vvisi shall suffer but little more than we shall suffer if We stand aside. Wol ure going to suffer, I ;im`aTruid, ter-" riliiy ill this war Whether we ure ill itil or w`nclhcr we are not. Foreign triido- is going to stop, not beciiuesc trudei routes are closed but because there is'_i no trade at the other end, nnd‘£.`untin- -mtiil nations engaged in war, \\‘itl'i.Q all their populations, all their encr- gies, all their wealth engaged in an desperate struggle, cannot carry out trf.i.de with us which they carry on ini time of pt-;.<:e. At the emi of this! war, even ii' we have stood nsiiif-, l do]

_:lot bi-lievo for a tnorhcnt tll;.t. wo.

stioltiti br: in n material poeiti-.ln to use our force ilr-ri:`.i\i~iy 1_1 ini-lot »~.llnt had llazpnc-_neil in inc coi.r.-;t- oft the vmr-- to prevent tile '.':?loic oi' tile' \\.`i;sr_ oi' l~I-nrope .~p,-.-o.-'.it=- u_;_ ll' thug.; had ilecn lilo re:=.lilt of Lili- \\.i~_‘, f.o:l\ fziliiz-5, rind'-i‘ the dorilirliitioll ef' I Bill'-,io l'o'\‘.'e:', ilurl l iizn l,l;i!i- ;_.llo i.dt‘_, liio..li llllfiilitlzl woillli i..f-_ si.-_iii t.l;;t 'r-0` eoui-_i not do so tclxct-ir.) ‘

_ " Fleet .Il_ol»iii1.l~ti t_ '

As to the qu'\-tion ol l\:'I`-'.3 \;l~ \\'ilii`il is st.-:ilt-wrist i-'-';t.".-~".!~..--_ - cziuzsc l uni :lot elm- iii .iii the .-._ _ - .if lilo i`;i.'ts l.-_ll‘z- _--_.=. lo tc- l. y

llilvt: l'cizci.<--i un .tt ;u‘-.;..<.»i' li is il no i'ii1\r til:-.t thi-r:~ i,: :ill ---'. .-.: _ i .L this :lo-_inr.ry !-_ -li i :; lit.. .»..; _.o _;..~

i' 'til \\'ii: ':;,~ ' 2. -_-' .

‘ii,\ei'>'.l \ 1-: li; 1'- .. i iii 1.1.; i.~.. --

the only <...__ ~.. t lllr-:lt lil.-.t \-_ i- il 1- -

nn i-t;~i~iliziollr:l;- ;ll'iiit-il itxic i.:.t ov. till- i-.ll;lll'_'.', 'ti..: lliillliilt-_:Mill il; .2 i- ll`ii'i:t luis 'i:ll~:l-ll p!':l'.- t. .li .l 'i ._l- lllolliii;:.;tiilll iii ltii- _`.rii.` i.= . e pil-.i t- (ri-.‘:.:'..';;: the. ilu, .. _~

lilo not l--vi lll_l. lil .- i._'-i -

tlllt ilri-t:i-iit'lll, ‘.\Ll.l il.ll‘ i-_t-,-ri. -

'T4

illlo con:-:iii<;l';llioll ilu- l. 4 nlllho of .li-;llli:l;; illl l~\ .liii-1.-.Av t'orci.- out ill' laie <'ol;llt-'y ";il.l \.f: lilloiv ilov; no istzlllii.

Uni: tlliiig l \\'llill.l :'.-__‘»'. iiii‘ i-l"- lll'i-.-,ilt spot in Lili- v..i.I-: of t.l.; , terriliie sitlliltloll ir. Ili-illliil ti i..1i 5,

1

stood ;lbro:ul tiouil and p:oIo:l_-_,-

,Stoke into nel,-ulllll (lu.-iii.-i'.‘t-ti

cilci-,l‘.-5.) ` l lliife t0ili the iloil.i.: iron* fill- \-In

hnvig nt pregi-nl gone ill <:ollillii‘i.'..<-;ll-: and the colldlucliu ivlilcil i;.t1.t-;i~~.- our policy, :uid I have il'.\eit nt it-l.,.'_t

! neulrlility of lielgiilrn in ‘.‘.'li;-.1 ii-_-.vi- -pollcy is more ilni'ol~n :lie il.-i -_

side Lille war, and til.-.1 no-.lit i-- ' -'

'Wo cuuint do that i1~-.i.:ii.- : pjlltve m;..ile l.ii» t-einvifi .. il; ‘whiahl have rr-ed ii- '.=: llo.i i, -.. _

1)Nveatn ns doing ‘....li ;l:>»i xii- i -

nat Ln uwllll: lr in l:'n.- :.'.. , t.» ...

' ` or ..,l;.iili; tililt no \l..ll li-tio iii-tlliili;

_ ' i .ll \ till I

these things ‘--'-:ze its ;io1!l.:'.‘_ to us. and that \-so are to sti:;_l :; ..- _._-, til:-ll

l n ' v

spcci, our _i‘,ood liiilili- ii::_- riglutzi- 1.ion,till'oll;;llollt tho wi ritl. no ihni use

and grove 1.-cononlic i_'t-l.;~.~ g._.l.<‘

4* Tile lssili- nuti the ti.iIoi- 9

coal, iifti-r what l llnvo l ,l»l .-4 iirirf

defend herself with nl-l the encrgw, _ tht-_ illl'or|lla.tiull, incl-l._-i~'-1-~- is il th. ,thingy ,ma pntrlotieni which shei that l ll:i\~o irlvi-ii to il.~ I-.ft-n H-"ls

f l . -ll

i l-‘l - ' -

-1-gnril to licllgium illnt -- is sf. l-

cilt-ors) for the coll.--oiioi-ii. . .. :f I..-

to use illl tht: >'ti'i-ilstii \\» bn

at :lily liiollli-lit. wt- i.lio\\' i.o'.

\il\l‘ i\i\\ll\ll\\\'\i(‘ fill V \~‘.- iii.: B

;',rc.=_~'l\-c action - `- lv-il'-, iifi fill

I _ _ _ _ l`_ I. (`clnmn Gemrtiliicnt the t.c toni..-~ of thu. wal. nt U mtl i-4. - lf’ “ll”-i “S-

lietioli on our |.nll, Init os li din ff?-i 0 I _ _ _‘ _ __ _ _ _ iii! iii ini l- ni: -l‘i;.~:~'i l- nclli-li _\lii|iil~| \'i‘| i'.' \\'l\“ *' ‘ i "r it i“l"`7“`7lf` with “i‘r"‘~ fm “ntl _‘ ‘ [M "5 the forces or tb'

\ L i »

_ | . . "lit .\‘i-iretmo fer Foreign Almlre t‘l=n;;-i right nnil ndhlst tlilln to ourl t = --vii uri- concerllctl \\e nrt

_ _ , . . ._,. -°- ,__ ..,,.,. | ~ - - , -_ _ i -

_ I . ~ r c Li".:._;.<....,,""":'.r.l..'i;.;"...:_‘i.;.1.:-n -»----».»»---v »-»~-----»»-»»-»-»»e.»~». mine- ~»---~ ---

, ; » _ _ , ,_ _ t,_ __ _ ._ .. - »' ~“-`-~~~ ""~-- ~>~"' ""

, _ ._

, ._ J- -Q \ - _ . .i ~' ’ _. _; .. 1-lt'i~i-, __tfil§j..”l-” -is -”`-~’-~" ”f ,_ _I _ ._ _ ._ ._ ._._..e ~---HF

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