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_;;PE.4CE PROSPECTS

A; the year 1864 draws to its ma; the spotlight of world interest still centres on the danger of war arising out of racial anlmoslties in EurOPG- and the possibility, durins flu homing months, of establishing

gnduring peace relations. All othe questions,‘ humanly speaking,

tion as we know it today.

This subject is dealt with editor- Lorldorl Spectator from a standpoint which is derid- tator sees that Europe's "nerve-crisis ls passing: for a nerve-

ially in the

edly reasuz-lng. The convincing signs

crisis it undoubtedly has been.‘

Foolish, windy and irresponsible talk of war. it says, has been pre- this kind of talk, more than in any con- crete cause, has lain whatever ser- ious danger of actual war there has been. Now the tide has besun i» turn; sanity is showing evidence of is cited in the case of the Marseilles assassinations, which in another period might well have mediate war. France; :Itply and Jugoslavia all showed laudable c011- straint during that crisis. It is true that since then Juzoalavia has lodl- ed a serious indictment Bit Geneva a conscious harbourer oi that H1111!- ed the charge,‘ arid‘ f- isunder discussion by the league d! Nations. But that does no more tlivan emphasize the value oi an in- ternational tribunal without whose danger to peace

valent everywhere; and in

reessertlrlg itself. An example

against Hungary as

ury hasjpth ‘

existence the would be far greater than it is. The danger in Elurope, as

broadly, to the two questions

cohsent, has anxieties enough

anxiety. There remains only, to -Jus

my alarm, the unknown factor, Germany. Even there the sky has Sam‘ settlement achieved at Home by a committee of the rescue of Nation-r Council is an event of the first I moment. That Gennahy alnd France should agree on. the ienns to be ‘ paid to France for the mines which

lsemlbly lightened. rd. the

' since 1920 were hel- exclusive prop erty was an omen of great signiii

ounce. As the Spectator expresses it, without goodwill no accord could

have been reached; and with gcod

' will there is no accord that cannot

be reached. Profound differences be

tween these two countries remain. can... is still seriously concerned with the effect of German rcarm- l aanent. It is suggested, however, ‘ lhlt with the Saar question peace- Iflully settled, as it is hoped it will he settled next month by plebiscite, the approach might be paved by Great Britain to an agreement on "the strength of which Germany would return lo the Icakue undel- satisfactory both to France and the Nazi authorities. ‘ The achievement of such an agree- merit in rvsowould be a grestllor- ward step in establishing perman- cnt pence relations, and it is cer- tainly not impossible oi fulfillment. of course, the question of Japan and her naval umbltions, with which the Specta- tor-artlcls does not deal. If Japan cbroguies, as she threatens to do.

securities

Tlherc remains,

the Washington 'l‘reaty of limlta 8km, it is almost inevitable that th

States will launch a 111189 naval building programme,’ which In turn will react on the armament

policies 0f other powers. i‘. BANK nmrcroxsre

IEBb-areholders of the new ‘Benkzo Qnndt, lliliflbefiiig

Qhom" they are empowered to, choose ti: federal uovernrasut having "n.1-

c

/_ dosimeters will-bu in unis-glut- : Olm A. which must lu-

" mun-even

are mbordlnate to this, because on the maintenance of peace depends the world's economic recovery and in- deed the continuance of civiliza-

the Spectator sees it, narrows down, of German disarmament and the fut- m1... the Saar. mlssla, by common in tflre~Far East to keep her occupied. Pdlhlnd and Germany have oom- pcced their differences. The nations fifths Balkan peninsula, historic gathering place of storms, are making" theiiK-aeIw-flofid-"Smlkm. Pact a reality, and malntainins better relations with one another than at any times since 1914. The Little mtente States are still, as they have always been, a stabilis- ing factor. The differences between Prince and Italy, never capable of 19mm; u, war, grc losing rather mm gaining in aeuferleas. Austria 1 inspires ultimate but not immediate

ovar- 10,000, wlllvote at Ottawa on qanlury .23. cpelaoaally or throuzh the Minister ocflfinmco. ‘for ‘the seven director:

ready appointed the Govezuog and Oemlvy Governor. The moulqclth

Class C, isting of three repre- sentatives picked from fields other u»... those m om- a and CiloaB.

The creation of a central bank willkopen a new chapter in the his- tor-y oi Canadian finance. The new institution through its influence on monetary policy will profoundly ai- fect the economic life of the country. In order that the Bank shall not be controlled by any single interest or binaticn of in- terests, no person may own more than 50 shares, thus insuring a widespread distribution of the capi- tal stock. It ls provided also that no stock-holder in a_ chartered bank shall hold Bank 0i Canada shares. The shareholders of the lat- ter have, therefore, a serious re- sponsibility in making their choice of the seven directors, who should, as far as possible, be thoroughly representative.

l‘

EDITORIAL NOTES

‘romorrow is the last Sunday of the year‘.

It takes something extraordinary to postpone l. Bundle School Christmas Tree celebration; it oa- ourred on Thursday.

Looking-hack and reviewing our progress or otherwise during "the year that's awe." will be in order during the next few days.

Thinking he was whore he ‘wu not caused an r‘ brakesman‘ to throw a switch open which reslllt- ed in l5 deaths and 50 injured in the train disaster near Hamilton, Ont.

Mr. J. J. Johnston, KC, told the Montreal court in the “conspiracy" case that "we have a prohibition law, so that it seems that we should have a few bootleggers among our local characters." But 54 others sim- ilarly accused cclnle from provinces or countries where there is no pro- hlbltfon.

A seventy-five year old Island lady is the mother of men-flu!» one of the most northerly towns in Canada. Bhe was the fourth white woman to settle there. and has practically mothered every rnan, bride and child there since then. An enviable crown to wear.

Rank-and-file Liberals are feel- ing very sore over the heart-break- ing leadership in the House oi Commons which has put them in wrong over the Ottawa Agreements and the Marketing Act—mea.sures both necessary and desirable in the rartforlal progress and prosperity oi the Dominion.

Interviewed by the ‘Iloronio Globe, senator Meighen declared, 0n his return from Australia that the most characteristic thing he had toreportofhisvisittothsAnti- nodes was the indication of econ- omic improvement and of a strong- ly pro-Ottawa ___ t attitude apparent throughout Australia and NewZealandJrhuslJlpa-rtsofthe Empire. north, south. cost. west and centre being pro-Ottawa agreements is it any wonder Mr. Mackenzie King makes a wife-face?

London is one of Hie unique places in the world in the best sense of the word, and especially round Cilristmas. At this season, all hus- inem, including even the publica- tion oi newspa . closes down far two days-Christmas day and the day following. Boxing Day. Even the police have l. couple of days off. A "gentleman's agreement" bo- twecn Scotland Yard and the un- derworld enables Scotland Yard to releaseiromdirty all but Ibofits staff on these two days. Orooh tndltlonaly keep In unwritten truce over Christmas in londorl and nearly all of Scotland item's 500 omen-s an enabled to cnioy the holidays-thmrgh it is true that 300 men can be recalled within 10 minutes.

treal and ‘Ilocontb huverpetitloned nrliunent for amendment of the criminal law so far asyouths from

r10 to 21 are concerned, the singer. 4

tion being that these, can» convic- tlon, be placed on probation under supervision oi a rifdbltlon, officer, ’ Ol‘ sent w a alil-niijrliluluuoa co , learn u trade, u plgliunjrhe

Parliament u. m...» the improved listen. concluding ,the prayer of ma» pmuan..h"..;m following terms: "That Iirlilnteut may cli-

.'.“*°YI".IF¢.P.‘ o» m», m» brlluiliu‘ pnsgrlyyfln‘ ybnlm ' clinic between the

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seem service modeler-m non-Y

petitioners, mmylay. fc to'

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Notes By The Way

The Sunday ‘limes has, cu sev- eral occasions during the past ten years, called attention to the inad- equacy of many of the teachers in South Africa for their pests. and. judging from the recently publish- ed reports or Cape Province school _‘ , ‘ --- the pcsltion has not im- proved tdpny great extent. There are too many teachers, wrote one inspector. who have no aptitude for their calling and show n0 interest m their work. There a little or no systematic teaching of composition. Thc dictation of endless notes (a well-worn device of the incompet- ent) 1g responsible for" some atro- elcug hand-writing. Teachers of this kind, he suggests, should seek other vocations while they ale still young. But that is just what they will not do. Teaching of that sort is an easy life. It also brings in a larger income than such teachers would Probably be able to obtain flmn any other occupation. the profession of teaching is felt to confer a superior sort of social scams upon the practitioner, and to demand the homage that brawn is supposed t0 nay V) brains- Johsnnesburg T111165-

Books bespeak their friendliness. Here there are peace and solace. I have just finished rtading that matchess little piece by Gharlw mum, "Dream'Children: a Rev- erie." which is tucked into his "i=3- says of Elia."~'1‘o me thLs brief piece o: writing is one oi the loveliest in all literature that I know about. At this time, when the world is so be—, set with problems, and so scant in faith, what peace and solace there are to be found in the great backs of the world-books that Once were men! The essence oi life lives in books. Thoreau, Whitman. Miller. Emerson, Hudson, Burroughs. Jef- frles-dust to name a few-—what a. record of their gentle thoughts. thflr love of natural beauty, thelr loyalty to nature! Peace and Solitude M‘? something which we choose. like a friend-and sit down lob-Ex.

No other three human nllladlw cause as much discomfort and lg loss as influenza, grippe fcolds. Through them millions er production days are lost between November and June, virtually ell"! employed man and woman losing at least one day's work a Yea!‘ be- cause oi one or the other o! them. Gould medical science exferminflifl the germs responsible for these human disorders, it would therdbl! bestow upon mankind the greatest of all beneiactlons-Irlverness Re-

VlGW.

A general survey of opium addic- tion ln India shows that the habit is restricted to certain classcs and. what is a. distinctly hopeful feature. it has steadily decreased year by year. But the drug is still used ex- tensively, and is mainly put into circulation by shopkeepers and itin- erant quaclcs as a household rem- edy; and for the doping of infants. , . , Certainly the worst feature ‘of opium addiction ls the dODiHG 0! infants, which is responsible for some of the high infant mortality in the country, and for a lnrle proportion of physical and mental deficiency in our adult population. —Lucknow Pioneer.

The policy of Mussolini and 0! Hitler is sometimes defended as an effo to stiffen the fibre of nation- al aracter. There is nothing wrong with that aim. but unhap- pily it is coupled with the delusion that manly virtues can be fostered best by war. There is ample scope for energy and for the finest aspir- ations in the constructive occupa- tion of peace. In contrast, the wholesale slaughter or mutilation of the young in time oi war must lower the average of 61161133’-

.A witness in a. Ihrndon. 13818115. court, was asked what his occupa- tion was and replied, "I am a. trick questioner at meetings." Heckll-ilg as a means oi arriving at truth is oi dmlbtnll advantflse- ‘I'm crowd h rnfluenc " by the superior smart- ncss of’ the speaker or llls fol-men- for. A wise and thoughtful speaker ma make a very bad showil18 H1136!’ fire, while the crowd may b: won over by mere sharpness in rep- artee.

The doctrine that Fascism is a result of capitalism is not onlY wrong as a theory. but leads to practical conclusions which are both wrong and dangerous. If cap- italism is really the cause of Fas- cism, it follows that the world would be saved only by dcstpoylnil the capitalist class. However, there is reason to believe that the 0p- posife would be the rmult, that an uprising which sought the ruin of any important element cf the pop- ulation would be the surest prelude to a, Fascist government. In the first place under ..o circumstances is it possible to destroy a whole class. Ifs wealthier members .could at the first sign oi danger transfer their bank deposits to safer count- ris. Not a. few of the Russian nob- ility and industrialists succeeded in saving part of their fortunes by various means. In the second ‘place, with the exception of the Russian, every attempt to destroy capitalism has lead to Fascism or other forms of reaction-Italy, Hungary, China and Bavaria being the best examp- les-The ‘Cape Argus, Capetown.

Since its formation l! years ago, the League of Nations proper has hpcnt about seven and a half mil- lion gold pounds, including expen- iture not only on the staff. but also on buildings and the many technical and special organizations of the League. The International labour, Qmce has spent four mili- licn’, I nds in the same perlcd and the rmanent Court of Interne- tional Justice 874,000 pounds. Add-r lngtheseup,wegetatoto.l_ undlfvi2,000.000. The share thl rich‘ of the 0'1 nation-members is called upon to nay is determined‘ by. Laomswlut complicated math- mum: formula, in which the fac-

Indus 1 wealth. m. om ma. sink ton! contributions c arr-armament have amounted one and a quarter million,’

I

the 1a‘ years. ‘IV

And“

population. rsmtcrliii ' mt’

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run corn-mu: mead-rum- or asravmsrrsm

So much has been said about in- fected teeth and - ‘ “ causing rheumatism that it may be thought that once the teeth or tonsils are re- moved there is nothing more to be said or done about rheumatism, or arthritis as it is more correctly called.

The trouble has been going on in the system for months and years be- fore the painful or inflamed Joint oc- curs and naturally considerable damage or change has taken place in the joint. Thus nhhough the in- feqted teeth or tonsils are removed a "chronic" arthritis remains and this must be treatzs.

The American Committee for the control of Rr tlsm considers that chronic arthritis is, perhaps, the most important of social and indus- trial handicaps and looks upon it as a generalized disease; that is ex- isting in the whole body not in the joints only.

In Great Britain more time is lost from work due to rheumatism than from any other single ailment. Great Britain also has a society or- ganized to fight rheumatism and bring patients to a condition where they can do at least some work.

The American Committee has pre- pared- a chart which shows that there are many ways to apply treat- ment and strange as it may seem drugs occupy but n. small part in the treatment.

The first thought is to get rid of any infection in the body-teeth. tonsils, intestine.

’I he second important point is rest-menial and plwsicai; no emo- tional disturbances.

The third is the diet; cutting down on starchy foods and getting regular intestinal movements.

The fourth is preventing deformi- ties by care, or by surgery when

.y_

Tile fifth is the use of physical therapy-exercise, fresh air, mas- sage, and heat; this also improves the general circulation. of the body.

The sixth is the use of body mechanics-improving the posture and in some cases a ducing the weight.

Tho drug treatment to a. large ex- tent is the use of salicylates.

You can thus see that. rheumatism is a big problem but the above treatment is logical as it aims to re- move the cause, improve the circula- tion, tone up the whole system, en- courage the individual to use his limbs after the acute stage is past, and get him back to work, thus keeping up his morale.

"Gardens Of The MacKerlzie

lMontreal Gazette)

World champion wheat grown in the Peace River country in recent years has attracted universal at- tention io the possibilities of Can- ada's great north Land, but not many people are aware that flow- ers, berries, and vegetables grow in profusion rlzht up to the Arctic Circle. Priests and nIuns long ago proved the fertility of these out- posts of civilization. Some of these missionaries went from Montreal and indltstriously cultivated gar- dens. These ploved a success from the start. and year after year, ever since, they have given satisfactory crops to their owners, and the good example has been followed by the settlers, the trappers and fur traders. In 1980 Mr‘. W. D. Albright was commissioned by Dr. E. 8. Archibald, Director of Experimental Farms. Dominion Department of Agriculture, to proceed down the Mackenzie River to its mouth. to visit tho several experimental sub- stations conducted by the Roman Catholic missions, and to report upon the advisability of extending experimental work in that vast field. ‘This he did, his journey tak- ing him 1.480 miles by train, 4,015 by air and 100 by automobile, the latte;- in the vicinity of the Slave River. It was a wonderful exper- ience and he sets forth his obser- vations in an illustrated booklet, entitled "Garden of the Mackenzie" (The American Geographical Bo-

New York.) What he reports is cal- culated to astonish the dweller in more southerly parts oi the Dom- inion. At Fort McMurr-ey, 220 miles north of Edmonton, William Gordon and his sister, Christina. have been established since the Yukon gold rush, and in their garden on July 2, 1930, Mr. Albright sa/w marrow- fat peas averaging ac inches in height; three weeks later these peas were five feet high. Potatoes stood thigh-high in the Gordon and doa- ens of other luxuriant gardens. Cabbages, turnips. and all the usual range of hardy vegetables were, in- credlbly strong. Btmwberries were clustered on ‘(nes in . But McMurrayHa show place was the flower garden oi Cecil Potts. A 12-year-old spruce true had attain- ed a height of 2i feet and birch trees were growing well. Scarlet runners were i8 feet tall in August and the sweet peas were a lfllll- tion.

At Chipewyan, on the north show: of Lake Athabaska. there is a mis- sion which was estwblished in 1M1, and there were to be found fine cel- ery. beans and tomatoes. while at the end of September ‘I00 sacks of potatoes were harvested from '10 planted. In one beautiful garden. vines, flowers,‘ lawns,- ahrubbsry and birch bee; embellished s home, the venndnh of which was shaded by cucumber vines 24 feet in height. M the flflhht north town in Ai- ma. hi1 IiflflhldLm IN, Dian

fits...» remunl that .mamouu_rtc'i1ier cent of the am ma “on antral m»

ciety, Broadway at 156th Street, ,

Rivfllhfi é lg, mild of m» . this: in it is c t,

ER Eggsii-sifiefigé

gears: E5553? E s;

strength and their skill in seculari-

ship.

Nothing could lie more iamatic and there are, in these days no greater instances of heroism.

_ A oamr rm:

Sweet Chance, that led my steps abroad.

Bwond the town, where wild flowers

INN- Arainbow and; koo,Im'dl Howriclrandgreattho-timos

DECEMBER 29, 1934

g , gHfcV/H 6.1 c£.f¢l.u~.l[p'

Brilih Consols

are nowl 311W. all ye sheep Andoows that ‘keep ' Onstaringthatlistund solong In thafo wet from heavy

A rainbow and a. cuckoo’: long May never come together again; May never come This side the tomb. —~W. H. Davies.

A Land of Reptiles

(Exchange)

Along the stream banks and in the swamp lands of the United States’ Southwest, reptiles as big as 5t. Bernard dogs were plentiful some two hundred million years ago. This is the picture of the distant past which ls drawn by Dr. C.L. Camp, director of the museum of paleontology at the University of California, who has recently re-