- planet.

THE GUARDIAN

“Coven Prince Edward Island Like the Dew‘

Published every week-day morning at 136 Prince Street. Charlottetown, P. E. l.. by The Thomson

Company Limited.

Editor and Manager. Ian A. Burnett. Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

Branch offices at

Albert on.

nnnunm inces and U. S. A. $12.00 per annum.

‘African station is expected to contribute ithe major observations of the atmosphere

_formed last year, has a triple objective:

Summerside. Montague Authorized as Second Class the Post Office Department. Ottawa.

By Carrier: Charlottetown. Summerside $25.00 per round-the-world study of Mars will enable Elsewhere in P. E. I. 39.00. Other Prov-

-23 ures—indicating perhaps some form of life.

"Tho strongest memory la weaker than

the \vel.\Ilest Ink.”

}Martian “at-eography"—astronomers' term ‘for what on earth is called geography.

Better Air Services

The recently inaugurated air service 0‘ ameter were known, scientists could figure llnklllll G005‘? out whether Mars has an iron core as does Bay, Labrador, with Gander and St. John's, ea,.th_ l\‘c\\'foundland, is another long step toward". and indications are there is none____then linking up the various regions included in‘Ma,.s Could never have been liquid. The the Atlantic Provinces. We have many hat-‘theory that an planets might have been ural— advantages which have not been ex-‘tom out of the Sun‘ or thrown out of it, ploitcd, chiefly because of inadequate trans- would be open to serious douhm

l\’laritime Central Airways

portation facilities.

The 9aFl.V Pl‘0SP9l‘ll.V Of the Malmmes blue in the Martian summer, turning to e and l\'ewfoundland was bound up with our brown“. shade as fall and winter app,.oach_ nrlvantageous location in relation to Eu-‘This has led to Com-ecmre that they are rope. the New England States and the West caused by veg’etatj0h_ Indies and to innumerable harbours which group can substantiate the plat-crl almost every community rmlcll of one another and all the world.

Those tiny harbours are no longer par- ticularly significant economically but strategic location remains and with the de- velopmcnt of air transport it can be turned At the same time the highly diversified character of this relative- l_v small area holds almost unlimited op- portunities for short-haul trade and traffic.

It has been shmvn that laboulvitself is Atlantic Prov- inccs and it will undoubtedly prove that we can help one another even more by the interchange of raw materials and products of primary and secondary industry. objective of government, business, agricul- ture and labour should be to further im- prove transportation facilities in every pos- sible way, to add to efficiency alld to keep With success in that key oh- jcctivc the general economy of this part of the world can hardly be anything but

to good advantage.

highly mobile within the

down costs.

buoyant.

Fish inspection

There is probably no 0iIl€l' Pl’0CIUCt_°X', cept precious stones in which quality is ‘a more vital factor than seafood, so that ll food have gone further in the matter of inspec- tion. That condition may be remedied be—‘ fore too long, according to pI‘0P0S31-S hea_l“} at the annual meeting of the FlSIiel‘l€'.>‘

is surprising that other

Council of Canada. A survey of

sock the co-operation of crnments. That the

E.'ZllEli'?\i’lICe(‘I by the

fish on the

fisherman who catches

A weak link

rlustry go for nothing.

Good quality fish

this country colnparablc of many oil fields.

Studying Mars

in June. earth's rrear neighbor‘. Mars._ will come within 40.f)(iil,()()() miles, its clos- A “Mars Expcdi-‘ tion" to Bloemfontein. South Africa. spoil- sorcrl by the National Geographic Society anti Lowell Observatory of Flagstaff. Arl- zona. will play a leading part in world-wide observations of the Red Planet. Slipher. famed for his studies of Mars, will direct operations at Bloemfontein. use the 27-inch rcfracting telescope of the Llmont-l-lussey Observatory, most powerful

est appl'o.'lch since 1941.

’ in the southern hemisphere photography of the planets. gthc summer. 17 other

9353’ plant life—by finding evidence of chloro- \phyll, for instance—it would prove that life

‘were subsequently proved to have

conditions in plants has already been made and the next_ stop, according to Dr. Stewart Bates, ‘Fed- cral Deputy Minister of Fisheries. 15 I0‘ Provincial co-operation of Province will be forthcoming I5 lll“aCllC3ll.V presence of Mathcson at the Fisheries Council meeting. The complexity of the fishing industry IS such that regulations alone have absolute- ly no chance of improving the quality of consumer's tablc. i‘(‘.f.',LiIalIOi1S and co-operation right from the the fish, through the, many steps of handling, packing, ship- pinrr. selling and cooking are all essellllal links in the chain of seafood pi‘oduCli0|l- anywhere along can make all the care of others in the in- The programme of improvcrl quality pl'0P0S9d by “V3 C°U“C“v tllercforc. is no small matter. it ‘ ihc carncsi cflorls of everyone to .Ri—’Ill'9V0 slicccss. The llrizc. hO\\'CV(‘l‘. IS i£llllt'-‘l‘lllg- available to the dinner tables of the nation would mean wealth to to the discovery

observatories , Australia, Argentina, Egypt. France. India.‘ ' New Zeaiand. Japan, Java, and the United - States will study and photograph Mars. 3 Both the 100-inch telescope at Mt. Wilson. , California. and the 200-inch instrument on V Palomar Mountain will be turned on the‘ At its near approach. Mars will be

high in the southern sky. At Bloemfon-

tein. Mars will pass almost directly over-'lcan Island", generally regarded as his best. - head each flight. Orange Free state akies'Amon¢ his many hymns are “songs of

are usually clear and steady in late spring'Praille the Angels Sang" and "For ever with , and manner. ror these reasons, the soulhfthe Lord.''’

I

and surface phenomena of the planet The international Mars Committee,

greater knowledge of Mars’ atmosphere, its exact size, and its changing surface feat- The committee hopes the forthcoming science to gain its most searching look at

. large ‘ and.

An exact measurement of Mars‘ di- ameter might change the accepted idea of the genesis of the solar system. If its di-

If it is proved there is no core—

Markings on Mars are a dark greenish

If the Mars study presence of

exists on both planets in our solar system capable of supporting it. Thus life ceases to be unique to earth and may be present in other solar systems as well.

Astronomers are also anxious to nail down whether there are “canali” on Mars,’ and. if so, what they are. A network of thin, straight lines frequently has been ob- served over vast areas of the planet, but the pattern never has been photographed satisfactorily. The "canali" behave like vegetation, but they may simply be natural features. The Mars group hopes to learn‘ what produces them.

confessions

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the dlscunion by uurespondents of questions of Interest. The Guardian does not nccessnr- ily endorse the opinion of correspondents.

MAILMAN'S COMPLAINT

‘Sir,-Here it. is a whole year <i>‘§‘f.°w.°"r’.lt"§.'.‘:’.‘.’”i.°;. ’{.‘.§’“..‘l§’.l‘....“.§

Long before the Communists reduced 11% ‘d°fi‘ld¢$e l° eflvfh 1:? am raise- confessions to absurdity, lawyers had look- were promised geiore the rgleguoiig ed upon them with considerable suspicion. A:1°"l-L10’/v Olfls <lld- and all it The reports record many confessions which : W "5 3 b°m° °f mm been Now.I think our honorable mem-l false and every police force has had many lgl::€i5ter5hai)r‘ll<l1dgl}lne” usm:1rgo}«?fiadssalnt:)': more which never got into court. - l>°°5t- {They lost no time in mi - It is not altogether surprising, therefoi'e,.‘"‘}:,‘h,',“',8’ ‘,’,f"“a’,', m all me mmhi that a group of Toronto lawyers shouldjmlm has I preil-y Wllllih existence.‘ have decided, on a majority vote. in favor ff]: ‘,‘,‘“f‘“m‘;‘§5‘i‘ affd "jg :':’v‘:“",:;| of confessions being considered inadmis- have another part time job to‘

- exist. sable as evidence unless they have been ac- Mm 0, Us M mm” but We

knowledged as correct by a justice of the:can't. farm much with the new or over Township Number Twenty- peace or some other judicial officer. An ob-“"3” ‘Y-°"°"‘ ”“‘‘-’5‘* “my Cllallfie it 5‘’‘‘'N°‘” 1 d“ h“°"l"3“’° l’“"“°

_ _ . . me. If the truck would leave Jectlon, in fact is that even such a pro- -rown at 5 ,..m_ instead or 7 ,_m,

cedure would not make it certain that ti” 00”“ ‘l5llV°l‘ me "la" and 8"

, lame to do something a lot. earl- 9Vel'Y confession was trUe- Her than we are doing now. Then

There is much to be said for the present "Kain if “I9 m’-ll truck l5 me We . . . ‘have to wait. until 10.30 am. and system of safeguarding against confessions ,, ", doe,“ come we hm... ,0

being obtained by force or trickery and at ‘tie with a few mailing pieces that . .d _. H t b came on the evening truill.

the same time consi eling lem o e, 1, you complain abou, “mug

merely evidence and not necessarily the llhrllvtkill d8.3(_lt ‘the atutbillorltllg-§’__ gay-

best. evidence of guilt. If the evidence, in-.0“, ’,,.,°,‘,‘,,,"1.‘.‘,,‘g:‘,,,,,.°,’§,',,, fr‘;

cludlng the confession, carries conviction in paying for our car or truck every

- - , - n‘ont.h? You can't jump from one

the minds of a July then it would seem to jab ,0 “ohm, mm hm,’ 1, mm be an unnecessary obstruction of Justice ‘to;yeal-s to gel. going on a farm.

, - , ,- , ~ - I It. seems foolish for a crowd of

(allbltlalidlydlllle that the confession must behmmmen m 5,: around 8 Pm Oh

lsregar c . flee until 1030 am. and then

-. . - start. out on our routes of 20 or 30

The qullks of human nature lequlre to mu“. on 1 bad mad m the M“_

be constantly guarded against. That can t,_, “me we w,,..k,,-,, Kc. mm, .m.

- ' ‘ - - _til after dark. I don't see why we

best be don?" howevel' by keeping arb]u'sliou1dn‘t be allowed to leave earli-

rules of evidence and procedure at a mini- 9, 1,, the m.,.,,l..g to. the rim

d 1 in at an times 3 measure 3 months of the year; either that

mum an appy g or have the mail trucks arrive at

of C°"lm°" 59“59- most of the Post Offices not later

__.i_.____._______ than a a.m. That would give us

. n chalice to do some chorcs fi-

tD|T0R|AL NOTES round the barn ill the evening. You

._..__ have to have some stock to farm.

. Anol.her important. thing is our

Reports of surface oil are to be expected mad, m me ,,.,,,,e,.. we are not

from Kings County any time now. It will lreitlns snow-plow service at all. _ . _ . . They will even open cow-paths ill prove to be high test aviation fuel, how- we woods ,0‘. ,_omb_,dy ,0 get om

over. from American army transports r. load «:1 pulp hlld{lenv¢=h our mail _ - - - -. -outes cosed. A 0 us are some placticlng re-fuclllng in the all between imam m.M,el,ed 0,. “me wads on

Svdncv and Moncton. ‘orir routes, and thP:,e are opened

‘ V . . . ‘first. The other half of our routes

‘IR left. When the ploughed

The double standard ill this Provlncr ‘logiila K?” "|")“"; P“'fn.,h_:,"v:

- - fl 3 ea wagon. U W ..i . ‘

does not refer to inequality of the sexes“, box_h0,dm on the 51...“,

but to swine production. Breeders have‘roads. As the old saying llocs "we been fighting a long battle against show-

can't change. horses in the mill-

_ die of the sl.reani." Then the box-

ring standards for Yorkshires that differ holders who do not lzet tile-ll‘ mall 'biame it all on the poor inali-

‘ol the members. ‘ l The way I see it is this. If thcyl ‘open some of our mail routes. its

It. may not be practical to adopt the_llP '0 “‘°“" i° °l‘”“ “"' ’"“' :l“°’°,~ suggestion of s. R. Balcom, M.P. (L-Hall-lflil b§.,":t.T::.°:mi£:»th:tirLi..::f.' fax) that part of the Northwest Territor-Em: nzzmbm “I om“ Ind} ies he treated as the hinterland of Nova‘ch_,,ow_.,3wn Mn (1, Take cm,‘ Scotia until ready for provincial status. The of our salary increases. (2) Have? proposal, nevertheless, draws attention tri:tlie mill-l-"Eli l“‘l‘'°I 9'' "D9 9°“ the fact that the Maritime Provlnces,°'“°°" “°" “"" ""“ 3 ‘'m' ""1

. . (3) have either I Ivnron or llleifll,

I l

_I am, an. oil:-. Crown lands granted to other Provinces. olsapeonrrla Mannlulnl D O I 0

James Montgomery, Scottish poet and hymn-writer, died this date 1854. He edit- ed the "Sheffield Iris" but found time to ' produce volumes of poetry such as his. “Wanderer in Switzerland", on the French conquest of that country; "The West In-' dies". an appeal for the abolition of the slave trade; and others including "The Pel-

materially from the qualities aimed at form“ when 1, mm, ,3 me mu”;

commercial purposes.

‘SUOOIITD PIICI '

4_._m'IT'll's should A goal till gou-

|which a certain new road is in-

pr6fe*£l:.'- we nice and . .2 deIeéf2}>.'l¢“’ ‘

Old Charlottetown

and P. I. 1. ROAD COMPENSATION

From an advertisement inset-ted by Joseph Pope. Sheriff of Prince County. in the Royal Gazette, Nov. 21. 1837: -

"Whereas a writ has been is- sued. directed to me, ulicier and by virtue of an Act passed in the 10th year of the reign of the late King, George the Fourth, ibtltuled ‘An Act to regulate the laying out and altering of Highways, and to provide a mode of obtaining Compensation for those who may thereby be injured. and to cause those who are benefited thereby to contribute towards their forma- tion,’ and of the Acts in amend- ment thereof. whereby I am com- manded to summon a Jury, to in- quire what damage or advantage will accrue to those persons who are interested in the lands through

tended to be made. commencing, at the Bedeque Settlement Road. and terminating at Hurdfs Point. and which road will run through

notice to all parties that I will commence the execution For said Writ, by attending with the Jury at the house of Jonathan Wetherbe, at Bedeque, on Tuesday the 19th clay of December next, atuthe itour of 10 o'clock in the foreman of the same day, and from thence I will proceed with the Jury along the said new line of road, and complete the Inquest according to law."

I The Age Old Story I

Surely it ill meet. to he said unto God. I have borne ‘ " ‘ I will not offend any more: that which I see not teach thou me: If I have tlono iniquity, I will do no more.

The, Great. Pyramid of Cheops in Egypt contains about 2.300.000 stone

Improving Prosp_ec'l's

*~7oefiG5uzm

THE POET

Follow, poet, follow right

To the bottom of the night, With ‘your unconstralriing voice Still persuade us to rejoice;

With the farming of a verse Make a vineyard of the curse, Sing of human unsucceas

In a rapture _of distress;

In the deserts of the heart,

Let the healing fountain start.

In the prison of his days

Teach the free man how to praise.

-W. H. Auden. Medical Training fshcrbrooke Record)

A Dalhousie Medical School sur- vey found that it costs an un- married student an average of $12,507 to get his degree. This estimate was based on a nine-year course.

The_nine-year period evidently comprises the seven of Arts and Medicine and two years of interne- ship. And the coat in Nova Scotia is extremely reasonable, according to a Sherbrobke doctor who hap- pens to know the McGill tuition rate and the cost. of boarding and lodging in Montreal. These. he Says. come to $1.300 a year. with- out including clothing and enter- tainment.

Even the Dalhousie figure of $12,500 represents a fairly large sum to most parents. Twelve thousand, invested by the old folks at five percent, would augment their income by six hundred dol- lars a year or fifty a month. Placed in 2) last-survivor annuity it would yield considerably more.

EPIDEMIC ENDS PERTH, Australia (ReuterI)—A

polio epidemic in Westerh Aus- tralia was officially declared ended Monday when state minister of

health Emil Nulsen announced re- moval of all restrictions caused by

blocks each weighing 2‘n’r tons.

the outbreak.

Page 4 The Guardian

It is not long no when ‘high la v 0 1 international conferences received hardly a thought. from anyone but the officials attend- ing them and the governments concerned. Usually they were called to deal with formal‘ matters such as treaty rights. trade agree- ments, and perhaps now and then a. boundary dispute. which could be settled amicably. or at any rate with a minimum amount of friction. in a few days. Even when serious matters were on the agenda. formal diplomatic language could be expected -to cov- er up most of the unpleasant de- tails until passions had cooled and decisions. often involving compromise, had been reached.

In short. conferences were pretty much the playthings of the politicians; other people had more personal and immediate problem: to take up their at- tention. Anyway, “foreign" places were .a long way off; they were names on the maps or in the geography text.-books. n 0 th in; more. A civil war in China. or Malaya. or Gautamala. or some other "outlandish" place, was of no interest to anyone in this part of the world. In fact, thirty or forty years ago a letter mailed in New Brunswick came to P. E. I. as “foreig'n" mail. (Actually, that wasn't. as foolish as it might. seem, since the root. meaning of the word “forcign" is ‘‘outside''.)

0 O C

For better or worse-—more likely I little of each—all that has been changed. There are no "foreign" places anymore. 30th century tech- nology and widespread liberal ,philosopltie.s, with a touch of ‘humanitarianlsm here and there, [have combined in I large-scale program to bring once distant horizons within clear and close view. Dien Bien Phu. an out- landish name if there ever was am. is now as close and as ,meanlngful u the next village or. shall we say. the next crisis. [The foreign policy of the United States. Britain. France. hr Cau- ada. has become in our abbrevi- -ated times and conditions simply ianother local interest. The Go- ‘iombo Plan and others like it are ‘mere addends to national budgets and fiscal policies.

Diplomacy, along with about everything else, has taken on a new look; it. speaks a new langu- ‘ags and it employs new techni- ques; the language is more real- llstlo than it used to be. but ‘whether or hot. it is more effective ‘will not be known for some time to come. Certainly, much of its former charm has gone away and it isn't likely to return. Gentle accents somehow seem out of place in d‘ usslons dominated ‘by the hydrogen bomb.

. o - .

1 One singular thing about pres- ent day big conferences is the fact that. almost as much time is taken up in "getting under way" as in actual debate on issues. It

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Thunday. April 29, 1054

The Passing Scene I: observer ‘ CONFERENCE Oll‘ DECISION

looked for a time as if the cur. rent Geneva Conference would be occupied no lni.e'rilely nm. the status of Red China that by the time that detail was settled the delegates would have /forgot. ten what it was they had come to discuss. Fortunately, th|t par. tlcular argument did not last as long as expected: there are other procedural difficulties, however, which must be tackled and argued about before East. and West can get. around to asking question. one of the other.

History has many records of unsuccessful political conferences. but there must. be very few in die historical calendar which started out so gloomlly as th. one now being held. Judging by the advance reports .it seems that no one, at. least in Western clr. cles (there is no way of knowing just what the feeling was in the East). had a good word for it, The foreign ministers of the Un. ltod States. Britain. and France expect very little good to com; out of it. Mr. Dulles has hi. "walking-out" plans all ready in case they should be needed; our own Mr. Pearson seems to hfivg made the journey more as . mgt. ter of courtesy than anything else.

Pessimlsm is the order of the day at Geneva and, since tm, diplomat.-l themselves expect little, of any value to emerge ,lt is M wonder that public opoinlon generally is indifferent to tn. whole matter. "If [old rust, what will iron do?" -