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THURSDAY, AUGUST 17. ID88-

L. o. AS PROTECTIONfST

Tho latest convert t0 the D0116!’ o: tariff protection for British ag- rioulture u the m. non. Davifl moyd George, war-time Premier ‘m; (onngy ubcml chieftain, now leader of a minority FWD °i “Lloyd-Gems Liberals" in the British House of Commons. The reason for Mr. Lloyd George's change of heart on the tariff Q1195‘ tion u his own experience M a f“- mcr. A speech which he recently delivered on this question has created great 5m- in political circles in view of the err-Premier's former advocacy of Free 'I‘rade. We quote his remarks from the Inndon Pub- lic Opinionl

"I believe we are a ions’ WHY from having reached the produc- tion of which this country is cap- gble 1n agriculture. I believe that we have hardly scratched the land as far as arnail holdings and allot- ments are concerned.

"There were only '7 per cent of our people on the land. The near- est 1.0 us, Belgium, had 20 per cent. while Germany had over 30 per cent.

"If we put an artra 500,000 fami- lies on the land it would bring us

up to i0 per cent-half of the next lowest in the world. Is that impos- Iible?

“I can understand a Free Trade policy for agriculture, so that the farmer can buy cheaply when he Ielln cheaply, but I cannot under- ltand the policy which is neither one thing nor the other by which the farmer is placed 1n the posi- don of having to compete in some of his most essential goods against producers from abroad selling their cutter, mutton, and lamb, their fruit and eggs, very much cheaper than he can possibly produce it lere, while at the same time every- thing. he buys is taxed.

“Phat. is an imlrlossibile policy."

In a. Sunday Times interview, Mr. Lloyd George explained his policy

n greater detail. Hc said‘:-

"I do not want tarlfls. I am a

I Free Trader, but I live in u_ coun-

n-y, nmong an electorate, which by

‘ m overwhelming majority put in ‘ power a Government they knew was _ in favour of tariffs. Therefore, tar-

lfls came-but not in the right way. l

| “Yorkshire folk have a motto

‘All or nowt,' and for this reason bhat is my motto. I'm a ‘no-wt’ man

' myself. but as the country 5B!’ 0th-

erwise, let them be thorough about

I. the ‘all.’

“Take my own case. Here I am n fanmer with land that needs 100d in the form of chemicals and ma- chinery if 1am to get the best out of it. These I have t/s buy-—and find they are taxed. But I buy them and use them. and in consequence my yield is incresaed. But that yield I have to sell cheap because it is in competition with produce enter-

5_ ing our ports free. It is a piece of

yous injustice to every farmer in

___ our land.

"Far better to become wholly

Protectionist than to have that sort of thing-it is not ‘fair do's.' If we are to have tariffs, follow Joseph Chamberlain's policy, with lberal preference to the Domlnions. “when I pointed out," adds the Sunday Times interviewer, "to Mr. Lloyd George that so far he had merely condemned, and asked him his own policy, he replied:- "Back to the Land should be a State movement. The State should

advance money in the same way‘

that a. good landlord used to put up buildhgs for his tenant.

"Any other industry can go to the City for its development. Fann- ing cannot. Here I have 250 acres -my neighbour has 40. How can we promote a company and get the community to support us in the wI-y all other industries can?

"No; farming is too indviduailstfc for a public issue of shares. but it

_ wants capital just the same. The aemmmanuaitfnaznasm uoul u: non-noun w 841mm

"I

should tnin and maintain experts to give adv-ice on 1.11 agricultural problems.

"We have better men in agricul- trn-e and hortiouilture in this country than in any count-fl’ in the world. Use these men, I say, for the country's good.

“Itooktbeldviooofamanin Kent about my fruit trees: to that

some man come growers from Brit- ish Columits. California, and all parts of EIIXOW- Let his talents be available to all our own farmers.

“Another mun in Aboryltwyih knows about the reconditioning of land; another in Surrey about soils. Use them and train others. The ex- perimental Nation at Rnthnmsted is doing good work, but its scope should be increased and increased.

“Having fostered the experts and disseminated their findings, the produce should be advertised, so that everybody in the country knows what the countryside is do- ing.

“Dietetic values of hozneglown produce should be stressed. I am of the opinion that a man living in Great Britain gets more benefit from food produced in British soil and brought to fruition in the same air as that in which he h"mself lives. They are indfgenuous to each other and ‘blend’ better.

“That; said Mr. Lloyd George, ‘is my plan!"

I ISLANDER PRESIDES

It is of more than passing interest to note that the chairman of the fifth biennial conference of the In- stitute of Pacific Relations now sit» ting at Benn, Alberta, is a Prince Edward Islander. With Sir Robert Falconer’: career as an education- ist all our readers are acquainted. Speaking at the opening diruier of the Conference on Monday night, Sir Robert made an eloquent appeal for unceasing eflort to understand causes-economic, social and racial —which create suspicion and fear among nations.

Almost inevitably, this year, much of the Bani! Conference will turn upon a discussion of Japanese ambitions in Menchuria. The Mon- treal Star suggests that if the Jap- anese delegates can enlighten the rest c! the world u to their real in- tentions they will be conferring a general benefit. Another thorny problem which will have to be tack- led is the question of Japanese in- dustrial competition, e.g., in textiles, made possible by exteremeiy low coats of production. These and sim- ilar topics will be discussed at Banff, and it is profoundly to be hoped that the various representa- tives may reach a fair understand- ing of each other’: point of view. If they can bring home a fair know- ledge of Pacific problems and dis- seminate unbiassed information they will be doing a real service to a world which looks upon the Pael- fic with a somewhat jaundiced eye as the possibl cradle of future wars.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Royal William, the first ver- sel to cross the Atlantic under her own steam power, set out from Pic- tou on August 1'1, 1883. The Com- memorative five cent stamp issued by the Dominion will be put on sale on Friday.

Another Prince Edward Islander has achieved distinction for him- self. This is Mr. Ffillton C. Under- hay, of ‘Bay Fortune, this Province, ,193f Nova Bcotil. Rhodes Scholar. who has won the highest possible mark for jurisprudence at Oxford University. Mr. Underhay is one of the many P. W. O. students who have "made good" in their subse- quent university courses.

ci$l1\-I

Although the world b assured by President Roosevelt of the United ‘States that the political changes in ‘Cub; hgye been entirely constitu-

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AUGUST‘ 11. 193s

vNo race can live witlwnt national pride. Only on that condition can

sacrifice-Isa Nouvelliste Rivers.)

In the inflation bill, adopted in the dying noun of the late session of Congress, m. Roosevelt was au- thorized to expand Federal Reserve credit by not more than $3,000,000,- 000; to inflate the currency in cir- culation by ls much u 88.000.000.- 000, and to devalue thegold con- tent of the dollar, by as much as 50 per cent. The President has not yet had recourse to the exercise of this authority, and it may be that even now he may use the powers of inflation conferred upon him to a. Imited degree.

List October Chicago discovered that in the three previous months more of its automobiles had been stolen than new cars registered. For the fullyear there were 34,246 auto thefts in Cook County (Chicago and environs)—nearly 100 a day. As worst auto thieving city in the Un- ited states, Chicago enjoys the highest 17.5. theft insurance rates. In San Francisco it costs 75c. per $700 to insure a. certain popular car, in Washington 95c. in Boston $1.70, in Manhattan $3.06, and in Chicago 59-18 a year for $1,000 of insurance.

Since it ls now, says the Baltimore Sun, our declared intention to let nothing interfere with the efiort to raise domestic prices, what .a pity it is that we are still unable to aban- don our sentimental and legalistic view of the war debts and treat them realistically as one of the most

to deal with. Had we consented to revision of the debts in time, the drift downward of American price levels might" have been largely checked. Action now would remove a factor contributory to deflation. But it. appears easier to talk about cheapening money than to go to the trouble of educating the Am- erican public on the effect on pric- es of nourishing this international tapeworm. And in politics the simplest course is often the only 1m. possibleone.

Atlantic Monthly: What the Am-

erican peopie in their present ‘oe-

wiiderment most need is precisely what youthful minds could contri-

bute. We have an overabundance of well-balanced administrators, and

members of national commissions who consume vast stretches of months

in an effort to conceal their be-

fuddled thinking and then arrive at last at the startling conclusion

that muc-h remains to be said on both sides of the question. We have an over-abundance of solid caiptains of industry and banking who oooi-headediy invent high- sounding terminology for newly- devised dishonesties. We are curs- ed with level heads. We need in- flux of lopsided youth. The social order must be reconstructed by somebody who believes something, by somebody who has some enthus- fmn, and not by the perfectly bal- anced men designed by their ac- cumulated habits of life to be chief ‘barbers and head waiters.

Sailings from the port of Church- ill will be doubled this year. 'I‘wenty ships are to carry grain from the northern port to the Livepool and European markets. They are also re- ported to be bringing in a consid- erably larger quantity of package freight than was available last year. It is a slow but reasonably satis- factory rate of growth. There are a number of Canadian ports on which large sums of money have been ex- pended in providing facilities for grain trade, and which have been much longer in the grain shipping business. which handle no more than the 5,000,000 bushels which will g0 out vis Church this year.

In selecting teachers for the pub- lic schools the New York City Board of Examiners considers the person- ality of each candidate as well as scholarship and technical know- ledge. Members of the board, how- ever, are not satisfied with the way they appraise those elusive quali- ties which enter into an indivfdualb Personality. It may be that the ex-

aminers will devise a. machine to measure the expansiveness of the smile of e candidate; but how to gauge the winsomeness of the smile? P lity as disclosed in dress may be rated; but how can it be told whether the candidate wen-rs party clothes or everyday at- tire‘! Manners emress the man; but isn't there a certain amount of Jekyll-Hyde in everybody and wouldn't the dqplorabler Mr. Hyde be submerged 1n any formal test?

-—_-__._ country is 21M intended, the other nation! will strongly suspect that the successor to Mechanic will re-

main in office at the will of Wash-

it affirm itself, impose itself, make. itself respected. Practically every not of national pride is an act of (‘Ihreei

THE CHARDOTTETOWN GUARDIAN NotesBy The Way

Mediaeval Sailors’ Yarns

What

£00 of K

; ' Q0111‘!

, a, 1 w. u-a». MD.

CHILDREN BELOW NORMAL MENTALLY

mum Alexander. in ‘The Navy")

Sailors are a conservative race, “d nqwherg u this attitude of mind ‘more marked than in their capacity for aolnnins I vm- W1’ the tall tales of modem tars are equalled, if not outshone, by those of their medieval predecessors. many of which, thanks to the monkish ohroniclem of those dnyI. have come down to us, delightfully embellished by pictorial 800011195- niments.

At first night n monar .7 may seem a rather curious source of information on sea lore. but it must be remembered that a. lam! proportion of men holding impor- tant positions in the shipping world were (lhurchmen (the Arch-E bishop of canuterbury, for example; being the head of the Cinque Ports= Fleet), while the monks were the gccrcditcd journalists and book- makers c: the day. Like. our pres- ent day reporters, they were a1- ways keenly on the locus-out for spicy anecdotes, often more enter- tainlng than accurate, while their methods also were peculiarly m0- dern.

‘Ilhus if Roger of Wendover, for example, had nothing but stric- normal mental ability. hires for some sailor bishop, to

This means that while the idiot_,Richai'd of Devizes or another he and the next above him, the imbe-‘fwould rank as a "man right W01’- cile, may need special care in an in- shipful," while yet a. third would

1t ls very gratifying to see the change in the treatment of what areycalled mental defectives, that in individuals whose mental ability is not up to normal or 100 per cent as it were.

Formerly they were simply thought of as "crow." and the best treatment to be separated from their families and everybody also, as some of them had instincts that made them unsafe to those around them.

However, careful investigation‘ shows that there are large numbers of feeble minded persons whose be- havior in the community is not any worse than that of persons who are not classed as mental defectives.

Nowadays they rank these de- fectives from the idiot up past the imbecile and the moron to those of

THE PERFEGI‘ LIFE o

It is not growing like a tree In bulk, doth make Man better be; Or standing long an oak, three hundred year, To fall a' log at last. dry. bald and “N; A lily of a do! Is fairer far in May, Although it fall and die that highw- It was the plant and flower of Light. In small proportions we just beau- ties see; And in short measure life may perfect be. -.Bcn Jonson.

Cuba's New President

(Montreal Gazette)

The flight of President Gerardo Machado from Cuba was in the na- ture of things, for the people have been struggling against his domina- tion for some time and he retained power only through the support of the army. When the arm turned against him his disappearance from the political scene was inevitable. In their demand that Machado take a holiday, his opponents declared that they had had their fill of dic-

- e

fiThe Department of Health and Education

is desirous of

RESUSCITATING and DEVELOPING

Industries and Occupations

for the benefit of the Province at large,’ and for that purpose is sponsoring and supporting

The Handicraft Guild of Prince Edward Island

Every opportunity for instructing the rising generation in handicraft work will be taken ad- vantage of; and at the Provincial Exhibition visitors will see an excellent display of handi- craft work.

Enquiries regarding the work of the Handi- craft Guild should be directed to

THE SECRETARY, HANDICRAFT GUILD, Charlottetown W. J. P. MacMILLAN, Minister of Education and Public Health

‘J

{—

Charlottetown Business College

Offers to young men and women the benefit of Practical and

‘Experienced teachers giving INDIVIDAUL INSTRUCTION in Actual Business Practice, Accounting, salesmanship, Auditing, shorthand, Typewriting, Filing, ‘ uensia and Secretarial work.

All necessary subjects for n first-class BUSINESS EDUCATION

are taught; the urn-necessary are eliminated, thus shorten. ing the time to complete the C arses.

stitution, the next higher mentally, the moron, may be so helped that he can return to his family, and to the community, where, under or- dinary supervision, he may lead a haPPY and useful life.

The whole thought then is that instead of thinking of these de-

‘DOtent deflationary factors we havel

fectives us diseased or dangerous in- divlduals, that we think cf them n; having just a little less mental equipment than the rest of us, and by giving this amount of mental equipment an opportunity to do its best, progress may be made in their development. , , , , Dr. W. C. Sandy says that as most defectives will continue to be problems to the community, per- haps a menace if not cared for, an actual asset if trained, it means that there is urgent need for early dis- cover of these cares, correcting any physical defects, special training for certain cases, and removal of un- suitable cases to institutions.

In many cities now there are classes for those who are not as bright as the normal child, and the teachers in charge of these classes are specially trained for tins work. The thought then is that when a youngster doesn't seem to be able to keep up with his class, when he seems unable to concentrate, on when there is definite signs that he is not as old in his mentality as in his body, the parents should not be ashamed to recognize this, and should give the youngster every pos- sible chance to be his very best self, even if this best is not up to nor- mal.

According to the almanac, the weather about now ought to be “hot and sultry”—we should be having “dog days." They generally are supposed to come 1n August-sticky, steamy. dull days, very uncomfort- able for man and beast. The an- cients, who took most of their fore- casts on all sort-s of things from the stars, crediting or binning

v ruthful noise and she-SUV W119"

those orbs for good or bad condi-

tatorship and they insisted that his successor must be neither a. general nor a politician. The new President of the big island republic is Carlos Manuel dc Oespcdes, who is describ- ed as a shy and scholarly diplomat whose father was Cuba's first revol- utionary President. fhere will be plenty of scope for his diplomacy, for the situation has been a dis- turbing one for several years and a

comment acidiy upon the incom- patibility of see with an “e" to sea ‘with an "a," 1f he could anyhow vmrk the pun in Latin, for, one and all, they dearly loved a play upon words.

But one of their chief interests was the discovery, not so much of moral tales, which were hard to come by in those wild days, but 1°!‘ W15 w Whmh i‘ m°ra1 “Md be mere change of presidents of itself imflflled- and m“ “a was a ha?‘ will not suffice to restore order and py hunting ground for these. Such, give satisfaction to a public m“ very marvellous things were wont‘ has been so resma one thing m i" MVP“ there- wwrdl“? t° “her favor of de Cespedes‘ occupancy of 509°" "i" “Wed it‘ ' the official chair at favana is that more mcmdilfle the tale’ the "m": the revolutionists seem to hnve ex- mipresslve the 17mm’ hausted their spleen in attacking qflwrem" n0 mm‘ welwm" Machadds immediate supporters Piece of luck than the visit or a 4nd rejoicing in his flight. The new

Saibrim hi5 ‘lwnastery could b" President may be able to capitalize m1 a mm!‘ busily engaged may“ this development and s0 rake his

um“ a 35H”? whwh was a‘ very position secure for the present.

Popular mm‘ of “gm "Edmii There have been nearly nine years dealing Mm the habits of ammals of unrest in Cuba, chief evidences of and the m°'a1s_ t0 be deduoed which were strikes, student rebel- thereflmn- Th“ we “e Md of the lions, assassinations and dissatisfac- ne‘ m“ H’ 155'" tion generally. For most of this period Machado was in office, for it , was in 1925 that he waselected. He i met the disturbances with force and his regime gradually became a dic- tatorship. Possibly he was uot to blame for this, because it was his duty to maintain order by means of the soldiers when the situation got out of the hands of the police.‘ Cuba is known as a one-crop country, su- gafbeing the great industry, with about 80 per cent. of the national income coming from that source. ‘That industry virtually collapsed in 1925, prices falling lower and lower as the years passed. Consequently. economic and social conditions were sadly upset and the suffering led to grave unrest. Machado sought to offset the sugar losses by engaging in a. campaign of public works on a grand scale. One of the works was the building of a central highway linking Iup Havana with all parts of the island. This construction cost $100,000,000. Another undertaking was the erection of a National Cap- itol at a. cost of some $20,000,000-