I-IASZARD’S GAZETTE OCTOBER 8.

POLITICS IN THE UNITED STATES

The present as ect of political affairs in the neighboring epublic can not be re- arded by us wholly with indifference. he language of our exchanges from the North and from" the South warrant the con- cluaiou, that the republican institutions of the Union are at this moment in greater danger than-the have over yet been. _

Ttie liberty 0 political action extinguish- ed in Southern States. A chronic civil war in one of the territories. The owe- papcrs of the South proclaiming with velie- menee that, if the North succeed in elect- ing Fremont, the South will refuse to ac- knowledge him as President and rise in in- surrection and rebellion against linn; while the North responds with the declaration that. elected whoever may be, Kansas shall not be a Slave State. Truly these things do betoken a fearful crisis.

The state of affairs in the United States, is lapsing fast into the anarchical condition of unhappy Mexico. 'l‘lie old-fashioned Democratic doctrine ofthe right ofthe ina- jority to govern; which maintains liberty of speech, of the press, of public assemblies and of political action: which utterly repu- diateii any resort to violence, and submits itself to the test ofthe ballot.box—-this doc- trine is utterl and practically ignored in the startling iieologies ofthe Buchanan De- mocracy.

The New York Tribune, however, thro’ all the dark clouds that are gathering around the Republic, sees a glimmer of hope, tiiat the integrity of the Union may yet be preserved.

"Suppose," says that Journal, “Col. Fretnoiit is elected President, and that he shall thereupon supersede the tools of Sla- very now tyi-annizing over Kanzas as U. S- functioiiaries by a new Governor, Judges. Marshal, Indian Agents, and so on, all earnestly desirous of making her a Free State. Suppose his Secretary of \Var shall give whoever shall then be Military Commandant on that frontier orders to sup- port and obey the Governor thus appointed, and to stop all manner of piracy and rob- bery oii emigrants passing up or down the Missoni-i|Rivcr—will thisd s: 0 ve the Union? Why should it? How can it? Suppose the Border Ruflians should make a Show of resisting, and the President should call on the Free States for volunteers to help to suppress rebellion and enforce the laws—- lioiv long need he call to raise one hundred thousand men? VVe believe ﬁve thousand would answer every purpose; but if a lion- dred tliousand were wanted, they would be mustered on the banks ofthe Mississippi in ﬁfteen days from the issuing of the call, and in line on the eastern border of Kansas within thirty. And where, to say nothing of the men, is the money to be found to arm, equip and provision a force able to stand before them? Consider how the half- armed and scantily fed Free-State men of Kanzais have just hunted the Ruflians out of their Territory, and made them tremble for the fate of VVestport and other border towns which our people had no thought of attacking, and then answer.

No—itie braggarts who made so poor a business of ﬁghting, while the Free-State leaders were mainly in prison, and when the Federal Government was denouncing our people as insurgents and traitors, and calling on Illinois and Kentucky for militia to put them down, will make a much worse fist of it, when Uncle Sam's heavy sword and heavier purse are thrown into the Free- State acale. “Who gnetli in warfare at his own charges?"—and the rebels could raise no serious amount in support of their military operations. not even tliongh Mis- sissippi ahould pledge her honour and Ar- kansas her credit in aid of the Atchison and Buford array. Let us put the Govern- ment once more on the side of Freedom in the Territories, and treason will in vain in- voke the aid of bayonets and cannon to overcome it.

What excuse, w':iat retext, will Col. Fremont’: election afford for dissolving the Union? Will Slavery be in an respect more secure with the Union disso ved than it is now? Will dissolution catch runaway ne roea? Will it restore Kansas to the do- mination oftho Slave Power? VVi|l it give that Power control over the Treasury, the Army And the Navy? Suppose Brooks 8:.

Co. could grab what money there may itippen to he in the Treasury at Washing- ton-—pi=rhaps two millions in nll—und add to it what is oti deposit in the Southern Sub- Treasuries, what of it ? They would only be killing the goose that has thus fair laid them goiden eggs. t is not what is in the Treasury, but what is coming in, that is of vital consequence; and this is mainly col- lected at Northern seaports and North- western Land-Otﬁces.

No--tliere will be no dissolution of the Union,uiitil the Slave Power shall have ex- tended its lines and set its stakes far be- yond its present boniidaries.”

After this, we ought not to be _surprised that thoughtful citizens ofthe United States begin to look forward to the permanent co- existence, in one and the some political system, of principles and powers so irre- concilably hostile, as impossible.—More- over, there is no denying that each return- ing crisis, in the history of this terrible controversy, appears, while it lasts, more menacing than any that preceded it. The present collision between legal and consti- tutional force “looks ugly.”

A MACHINE FOR MILKING COWS.

There is no work about a farm that is so universally considered drudgery, and avoid- ed and dreaded by all the inmates of the farm house, as the constantly recurring labour of tnilking. It is always the ﬁrst thing to be done in the morning and the last thing at night. And after a hard day’s work at the wash tub or in the hay ﬁeld, through a long, hot day in July or August, to be obliged to sit down and milk three or four cows, is certainly no very trifling or attractive affair. To be able to perform this work easily and rapidly by machinery is therefore one of the most desirable steps to be inado in the process of labor-saving inventions, in agricultural improvement. And when it is considered that the United States a|one,therc were in I850, 6,385,000 iiiilch cows, each one to be milked by hand twice every day for about three hundred days in a year; that the amount ofthe but- ter and cheese for that year, as shown by the census, was 418,881,000 pounds, in ad dition to $57,000,000 worth of milk sold, we get some idea of the magnitude of the la- bour to be annually performed in milking.

But it is not a diﬁicnlt matter to perform all this unpleasant drudgery by machinery. The only wonder is that so simple a thin had not been discovered and used years ago. Just look at a calf while he is suck- ing, and consider how rapidly, easily and perfectly he would perform the operation of drawing milk from the cow's udder, he had four months instead of one! And every one will see it is no very difﬁcult affair to construct a machine with four months, that will do the same thing in the same way, quite as easily, rapidly and perfectly as the calf could do it! drawing all the milk into a pail or vessel, free from every impurity, and with very little exertion.

Acting on this idea, I have been devot- ing tlie leisure moments of some two or three years to experiments, with a view to perfect a machine for milking cows; and I am happy to say that I have succeeded be- yond my most sanguine expectations. My application for a patent is now under ex- amination in the Patent Oﬂice, and the ma- chine will soon be presented to the public.

It is somewhat diﬂicult to describe even the most simple piece of mechanism, with- out diagrams or illustrations, so as to make one's self understood; but this little ma- chine is so siiiiple, and its action so easily comprehended, that I will venture to des- cribe it without cuts or ﬁgures.

In the ﬁrst place, I take a large size pail, either of tin or wood, and fit on it a cover so as to make it air tight; then I con- struct a small pump in some compact form, so as to exhaust a part of the air from the pail. 'l‘ho pump made for my experiments (and which is described in the application for a patent) is a part of the cover to the pail, and being ﬁat and thin, works rapidly and without friction, and does not wear so as to leak It is only necessary to produce a slight vacuum, such as a calf might make with his mouth; Itlien connect four small rubber tubes, about eighteen inches long, with the top of the pail; and on the other

end of each of these tubes, I ﬁx a little cup

oftin, glass, or any other convenient ma- terial, about two inches in diameter and three inches deep. Over the top of each of these cups is drawn a cap of thin, flexi- ble rubber, having a sack or mouth in the centre, of suﬂicient size to receive the end of the cow's test, with a small hole in the bottom for the milk to pass through. The cap ﬁts to the top of the cup, air light, by its own contraction, and also hangs around the end of the teat, but by its ﬂexibility permits a free ﬁow ofthe milk into the cup, and through the rubber tube into the pail. Nate England Forum‘.

A unit rinirr IN run WATER.

An interesting account of the pnrsiiit and capture of a large black bear in the Petit Bay do Noque, an arm of Green Bay, is communicated to the Chicago Tribune b Captain J. B. Ball, of the schooner

driatic. On the 25th August a hear was descried taking to the water from at point of land, apparently with the intention of swimming to the opposite shore ofthe bay, about a mile distant, two or three islands intervening. A boat was manned with ﬁve seaman, and the captain started in pursuit, but with such precipitaiicy that no wea- poiia were taken except an axe and a coin- nion bread knife. Bruin made for the first island, but his pursucrs were upon him by the time he had gained half the distance. On coming up with him, one of the seamen aimed a blow with the axe upon the skull of the affrighted and retreating brute, but the instrument glanced off, and inflicted tl deep wound iii his neck, which had no other effect than to enrage him. Poor Bruin turned towards the boat a Ill0lII('|ll, slioived a set oftusks that would have done honor to a wild boar, uttered a deep growl, and then struck out with all his might for the island. He was a powerful swiriiiiier, and the two men had a severe task to liend him off.

Upon again coming up with the bear, a second blow was aimed at him with the axe, but he eluded it, mid the axe went to the bottom, slipping from the liolder’s grasp. This left the attacking party with no weapon but the knife. On hearing him a third time. the captain gave Iiiiii two thrusts in the neck with the knife, on each side ofthe spine. Bruin now gallantly turned upon his pursuers, and attacked the boat, growl- ing ﬁercely. Ashe came up, several more blows were dealt with the knife, the bear meanwhile attempting to catch the captain’s arm in his jaws. \'Vliile making these thrusts, the knife was accidentally struck upon the bow of the boat and bent nearly double. thus rendering it useless. The bear now got upon the gnnwale ofthe boat and seized it with his teeth. At this critical moment, the oars were brought into requisi- tion, and several well directed blows coin- pelled him to let go. Had he succeeded in getting on board, his enemies would have been obliged to take their turn in the water to escape his wrath.

The bear again sought safety in flight, striking out for the island, his pursiiers following. The knife having been straight- ened out, another thrust was dealt him in the neck, and then the captain seized him by the long hair upon his rump, thtis forcing his head under water. The poor brute struggled violently, but it was of no use; his enemies had the advantage, and held him in that position until they supposed him drowned, when they hauled him into the boat. Bruin, however, gradually came to his senses (if he had any), and, resolved not to die thus ingloriously without punish- ing his captors, raised himselfon his fore paws tll)!I made a pass at one of the men, just grazing his clothes with his paw. llut by this time they were alongside a vessel, from which another axe was obtained, and with this po\t'ert'ul weapon poor Bruin was qiiickly rendered harmless, although so tenacious of life was he that he did not die until his jugular vein had been cut some ten minutes. and he hail lost several gallons of blood. No means were at hand for weighing the animal, but he was estimated at from 350 to 400 pounds weight.

Tire MOST [’t)l’Ul.AIl Pnucnea ‘or rnii Ace.-—0ne of the greatest lions of London, at the present time, is the Rev. C. H.

Spargeon. This extraordinary man is now

T only 2'3 years of a (2; et neve '

time ofthe great glﬂdwyiird Il'Vlll-l.gs,"l‘1(t:t°l ii? preacher caused such an excitement anion, all classes and ranks of the millions of Long- don. With reference to this point a I“, leading London paper says: '

Let any person take his station oppoaiu to Exctcr Hall on Sunday evening, at .I,_ out a few minutes before six o'clock. W. say opposite, because unless he arrives some time before the hour mentioned then will be no standing room on the pavement from which the entrance to the hall ascends At six the doors open, and a dense mass oi‘ human beings pours in. There is no inter- ruption now to the continuous stream umi| half-past six o’clock, when the whole ofthe vast hull, with its galleries and platform will be ﬁlled with the closely packed crowd’ lfthe spectator line not taken care to entsi before this time, he will have but small chance of ﬁnding even standing room. Suppose him to have entered early enough to have found a seat. He will naturally look around him to scan the features of the scene. They are remarkable enough to excite attention in the minds of the most listless. Stretching far away in the back are thousands of persons evidently eager- for the appearance of some one. Tower. ing upthe p'atforms the seats are all crowd- ed. l\early all the eyes in the multitude are directed to the front of the platform. The breathless suspense is only broken oc- casionally by the struggle in the body of the hall, of those who are endeavouring to gain or maintain a position. Suddenly even this noise is stopped. A short square- ly built man, with thick black hair parted down the middle, with a salloiv countenance only redeemed from heaviness by ‘.he rest- lessness of the eyes, advances along the platform towards the seat of honour. A {cataract of short coughs, indicative of the relief ntl‘oi-dod to the ill-repressed impati- cnce of the assembly, announces to the stranger, that the business of the evening has eoiniiienced. He will be told with a certain degree of awe by those whom he asks for the information, that the person just arrived is the Rev. C. H. Spurgeon. He will pci-hops hear, in addition to this, that Mr. Spurgeon is beyond all question the most popular preacher in Londoti; that he is obliged to leave ofl‘ preaching in the evening at his chapel in New Park-street, Soutliwark, on account ofllie want of room to accommodate more than a mere fraction of the thousands who flock to hear him; that Exeter Hall has been taken for the purpose ofdiminishing in ii light degree the disappointment experienced; but that no- thing will be done to afford effectual relief until the new chapel which is in contempla- tation is built, and which is intended to hold 15,000 persons.

T...

_There is a shop kept by a lady, in the window of which appears these words-- " No reasonable offer refused."

Teacher Wanted. _

AN'l‘F.l) for the Nine Mile Creek School Dis- trict, a Teacher of the First Class, witlta good moral character. Apply to either ofthe aadersigsed

Trustees.

DONALD CURRIE, DONALD LIVINGSTON. DONALD Mcl:1ACHBRN. J0llN Mel-IACHERN. ADRI-‘.W McDOllGALL.

Nine Mile Creek, Aag. lﬂih, I856.

exigent],

To Ohrtsttan Ministers, die. l‘ZOltGl-‘. 'l‘. IIASZARIJ keeps constentlyo) hand, a variety of Tlieologicnl \VorkI; llttl" prepared to sell them at the publishers prices. DRAIN WATER PIPES- P‘0R SALE at the QUIIN Sousa: Hourl- a quantit of superior Snlt- lazed Stone-Ivan. ipcs, Junctions. Bends, 4-c., ram 3 inches to I0 in diameter, supplying the cheapestand rriost eﬂiciﬁll method of conveying water under ground. Wll.I.lA.\l HEARD. Charlottetown, 22d April, I856.

ALLIANCE LIFE JIJVIJ FIRE INSURJNC5 CON‘ PJIJVY. LONDON’. IITAILIIHID av ac-r or raaniausnr. Capital £5,000,000 Sterling. CIIARLES YOUNG. Agent for P. E. Island-

ARPER’S MAGAZINE for Slrfllasa just , received at Geo. 1‘. Hanan’: Book Ston-