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501111711-'itll' the Man- f

t hood of the Nsflqm

1' WAS ‘Christmas ntot~nin_g--lg; Clsrisp.

mas raonnng,

In Landon, in all the large cities of

F”!l"”d.""| 'lit palatial country residences, in the luxurious homes of the well-to-do man. ufacturers and tradesmen, holly and mistletoe hun!! Cllfl'-lfmds gifts and Christmas cheer “"_'€_"'”¢"J'wh¢"¢,' the library tables held the brilliantly tinted Christmas issues of the f4’¢_¢/<11' ‘Wd monthly magazines, while the daily papers vaunted, in austere black, the Cllfiiittlli foy 'and merriment which the magazines depicted in their /laring colors.

_ /fssembled in the churches, /rom Lon-

don’s great cathedral to Manchesier's great cathedral, the well-to-do and contented listen- ' ed to lord bishops and other ministers intone the services of the festive day.

But the fashionable congregation at the

Manchester cathedral was astounded, when, up into the pulpit stepped a man whom only those closest to him recognized as Stewart Gray, land law,reformer, and recently super- -intendent .of the Manchester Poor Farm' Colony." ' V _

"I am here," he thunderad, "to forbid

yuuto' celebrate the birth of the Saviour, whose _teachings you have betrayed. 'There can be no Christmas in England while the land e`c'l_toes the hollow groatisho/' its millions who are perishi/tg of the misery and starva- tion which sotie/v does not relieve. Your

Christmas prayers are blasphemy. In the name of thc God you have forgotten, I pro- test!" - '

dt that, aafving recovered tnezr wits,

they stormed ~the desecrated pulpit, dragged him to the cathedral door, and threw him into the street. f _ ‘ ' '

lil.: NUT one among them rcmemnared. while

they prayed aftarnlard, the casa of the old man who, only a wick previously, had been arrbltéil In lnndon for the ancient and dlshanorsble

arlms of bagging. , '

lt appearad tint he was n good workman, dismissed

with high commbndafion from thc,place he had held for fourteen years, solely bscause his amPlUyG\‘ had "0 more work,f¢r him. For all tha excellence of his ref- srenoo, than was no `work for hlm anywhere; ao. after an intsrval,. hs began to starve.

Ha had starvltd for thirty hours, when he so far

forgot his position as one of Enl’lll\G'H hllfltrs' 30.000.- 000 people as to gather up the cats drolllwii in UW street from tho nolebagl of the horses.

lt was suspicious, vary. A London "bobby"-po-

ll_caman-saw him do it. The man ate ths dirty oats, That was more suspicious. The "hobby" ksvt an sy# on him. Then tha man rang n doorbell and bcakvd f0l real fond. That settled lt. of course; the "bobby" "ran him ln." ` -

lingland hasn‘t forgotten Stewart Gray, if it did

forltit the aid mah who ale uats.

it could drag Gray out of apulpitl 'and throw him

out of a cathedral. But it could not drag put of it' lltllallsa bearing tha memory of his lillflllila’ Wvfdl-

Hs had known his Englishmen too wall when ha

invadsd their solcmn' pulpit: and than knew wo Well tha_a#'ful, haartfaicksning truths that underlay tha words they rasantadl ' `

aonasr 'ar oscaosucs l

The ~'~-vlng frkman satlng t_hs dirty oats has"

return: 'hem ow,~ the persnniiloatlon of the mon of Eng' ~nk lcwsr than tha poorest of England's boasts. ~tion, which has not haadad the lon! llroooasio ‘s starving woman in Lon on, which “ltd its 1, l ~ "keep in order" its demo ltrlilblll by baadrso manda of hungry workm - lilhdl ¢N||¢ 5,", l¢,¢|¢|¢ of its complete eoadonoa,

The hug »mplro.'olutohlng can lasnts ln

‘tl far-atm. ,~, ,mailto and armored morn heavily than t ' ._> of nations at asa. knows lt- lalf shrunken ,_ ~ ' and halplals within its shall at bono.

It axista in ll . ‘ ~r, maintaining its starnal

me or tavlssisttn -'uma It- III' \°‘°°° *° atroagtlsa its armu »1 tha navy. bartering its ships to Japan for t -rs lt cannot muatsr ln ltlglaad and trading - - left to Francs for tha “I0 0! tha atuatoa t. - -nca of NaD°ll°|\'l °°'l' uuosto-tfor thoaalundersl iesnendants af his lrlll- adisra, who now,` dwarfed as they ara, still have tha . oouragg to ant, ‘ _

Ia Landon today a million people ara hangarad: ln

lnalaal. twaaty million. are hunswd- M fl' 50°* ll 1001 tha lord_aiahop at London. Arthur raisr Wil- liagtaaaagran. laslarod hs had 'himself - livsd in lttfhaalnrasa, and could tsattty to the physical. moral Ill silrstiu adam st tn. eansntotn prevalent In the ¢\llial of Moat lritaun

tlon,t than who annually dltd ll l_nf\"“

Hoi ‘ ' is tis tearful tenements to which

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"WY WHS C0i’\d€h'incd. he discerned a. rcnl danger to any state in the sickly and stunted condition of those who had not sufllclent air to breathe or room to movc ln ` `

Numbers, he said, were rejected for st-rv|¢e ln

South Africa from Englantrs great towns as bolng physically unfit.

"And," exclaimed the lord bishop, "if_ thephyslcal

effect is palpabln and obvious, the moral effect ls no less evident to those who have eyes to sec."

But few. far too few,`l\a.vt\ had eyes to soc; or,

seeing. have had hearts \o` fcsl, nr-most bllghtlng of nil-have had minds to understand.

It has been a good many centuries since William

the Conqueror turned loose- his noble retainers. and told them they could 'keep nil the land they were nhlc to hold. Thcy slaughtered most of the natives, and they starved the rest.

Organisation ot_ English society. which was made

on thatbasln. has progressed along thopriglnal lines. And, ln tho cé_ntu`rie`a, it has prngrosscd so destruc- tively that',t'lis population, which at first hnd the courage to fight, has now only thc resignation to s_tn`rve. » _ _ _ _

Anfl all who are not going hungry have so lost the

spirit of self-preservation that they unite ln abject

f . leg/bn/by I/he .Day //rszanabnlz oefg/nf /rbusa _

laudation of the system of nobility which doom: them to ultimate extinction.

In England, half ts century ngo, one-third of the

population of 19,000,000 people were supported by agri- cullurv. 'l`oda_\', the pnuulatlon has fairly doultlctl, whlln lht rt- nre orc-r n mlllion fotver peoplt- cngagotl ln husbandry than there were fifty years ago.

There are $1,000,000 acres of land going to waste

in Great Britain, with pheasnnts. grouse and rabbits for thclr inhabitants. The humans, by the system oi’ gn\'ern:nt'nt and ownership, have been drlvcn to the large r’tlo:=.. _

» 'l‘hor-- they have shrunk and shriveled nnd strirvorl.

Wltolt- hmllles have grown to maturity who new-r had enough to eat in all their llves. They have been hlllf starved not merely from thc hour of their blrtll, but during the months before they came into the world.

George Bernard Shaw has found thn.t, year ln and

year out, ln London? 33 percent. of Lhe working pop- ulation llvo "below the poverty line"-llve on less than 35 for the provision of all nccessarles of llre_ for n family of six.

Thorn nro ln London nearly 200.000 tenemonts-

omlttlnr: the dome of heaven. which shelters 1700 nf

' thc absolutely homeless ni'gh'i.ly--that consist of only

ons room. " " ‘

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63//Yer'//751 0)! U//£777/D/Q§7£d ' Jill-3

Statistics which would be considered obsolete in the

face of the present misery proved that 29,000 of those "tenements“-the word usctl for describing homes for fnmlllcn-<:nntnlnod thrt-n pt-nplo; more than 16,000 con- tnlnotl four: rtyol- T000 ht-ld tivo; more than 2500 held half tt dinzen; R50 held sovcn. und 1550 held eight. Anti thr- rest vonlalnr-ti as high as a dozen and more per- sons-ln'ons room.

"lf," remarked thc lord bishop of London, “the

physical effect is pulpnble and obvious, the moral ef- fort ls no lesaevldenl/'

And thest>,»people_ starving by tht-_ million, paying

rents that are the acmo of extortion, gasping for air in single r0on”a'a. where tht- windows are stuffed with papers. have' not revolted»-yet. ,

- 'l'h'e- motnnpolls, almost In its entirety. ls owned hy

seven noblt\` landlords, and the land, cvnli compared with lmprnvPd`lnnd as exploited for revenue by Amer-

THE

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0/Luther nf- ' “

AJ/re* '

ACTUS for breakfast, cactus for luncheon.,

cactus 'for dinner; cactus to ent, cactus

J to drink; cactus cooked and row. `_'I'his,

for'tt`vo' woeks`._wns tht; tliot, of Dr. Leon

Elbert Landone and his secretary, Frank Waters- ton, of Los Angeles. California '

Fr [sow é7bef-rear/fab/ne

We have hoard of the ltusllish eaters, and

know the method in' their madness. llnving par- tnken of the Oriental rlrug. tht-_v saw wonderful visions. Hut the cactus gives no such result, and . the cactus enters have no such eutl in view.

Dr. Landoue ate cactus to prove that a human

if

being could subsist on thc plant. He has rlcmun- strated this. Thercfort-, thorn in no longer rtuy danger of man starving in nny tlosurt tvlu-ro 1-ut~tu.~4 grows. The spinnless varit-tit~.~t of the plant, twnlw-<‘| by Luther Burbank, will ho introtluccd into the desert as u food for cnttlc and men.

December 1 last null euilsri It on Decelnhcr it with a banquet, given tn nts friends. the nin- Jor portion of tho menu of which' was com-

posed of various p`reparat|on_s` of the cactus plant.

Ai. the dlnnar Dr. Landune tlaclaratl that during his

exparimsnt ho had felt no fatigue, and had gained one- half pound in weight. '

"Eat' cnctus,. lettuce. spinach and asparagus lf`y0u

do not wish to let tired out by tho ordinary day's work," hs told his friends. "Meats, nuts. cereals, beans and peas help to repair wasted ,tissues and are of value, but tha vary bstlt way_to repair thc body is to

prsssrva lt so that little repair is necessary." »

At tha dinner Dr. Landonc looked haplly and

healthy. as wall fad as could bs. Ha had provtm. hs said. without doubt, that the cactus, among tha-plants of which msn had starved, in tha desert. was p nutri- tious article of food. The oaotus ha uasd, however, was ths apmalaas variety evolved _aomo tlmrago by

Luther Burbank. tho California plant wlaard.. _ i

This cactus ia antlraly‘ lacking ‘in splaaa, the nledlss

being reduced to a more bud on tha hids. -It l_a<l(r. Burbank’a plan"_to distribute the cactus through tha daasrta of th'a Walt. whars it will aarva aa a food both to cattle and man. _Tha importanco of this work may ba rsallnd when one aonsldarl that‘ot tha 1,600,000 square miles of.land in tho country than ara 1,000,000

square mlloa offarld territory. `

Often man"gat lost ln tho daaarta and wander for days, sttffsring axoruolatingly from hungar and - thirst. Whoa tho lpi|lalaaa,oaotnl ls grown this dan- ger will pass: -tha hot sandy plains will loan rnuoh of

their tarror. i _ __ _ , ,

Cactus is a food-`-this la .what Dr. Landoao dooiaras

ho has proven it to bo. , And In doing-ao ha damon- stratss tba truth of tha claim of Durbank. who robbod

the thorny aaotm ‘of its forbidding spines.

However. lf'|r'a_sari_d¢\`ftor tho atathaes doylaad by tha boa Altlllll DUIUIUI. Atlllftll llttll-doubt that »

I) ro_LANnoNs: bésan nts t-.eras-eating test on

it must he palatable. For instance. among tha thlnga on the tlnlly menu during the sxpsrlnlnnt appeared cactus soup, fried cn.ct\ts leaves. salad mlule nf cactus. cactus Juice ns n drink and cactus fruit na n dessert.

In the menla the order observed was an follows:

Cndtus for breakfast), cactus and celery for lunch, eac- tus. a few nuts and celery for dlnner._ '

During the two weeks nf the test Dr. Landone

worked eighteen hours a titty. His purpose was to prove that tha body could do, the maximum amountof labor with llttla loan of energy if-cactus were eaten. The brain, he declared, hscatna lsaa fatigued when the body was nourished on tha ungalnly plant of tha dos- ort-thnn when fed by other food.

Fried or raw, the cactus reaamblol olllilant. Cook-

sd and flavored it is said to be quits palatable.

' ' ~ nocrons Lncsn rr _

When bs completed his sxparimant. Dr. landons

invitod six fallow-physicians fo dinner, and they, too, hadfa chance to eat cactus. Ono and all said it was déllcious. 'Allqnl the things provided for the table

was ca_etua aharbat. -

Dr. I4ndona aoourad the cactus lsavsa and fruit

during-his axperlrhsnt from Mr. Burbank, who la rais- ing th's_oactul at Santa _Roach from a oommarclal standpoint. thrdlot at proaant would bla an Olpalsiva ons. as tha value of one of tha thornlsaa lsavaa la 1

In, producing a aplnolsps cactus, Luthsr larbaak

scored a final victory against ons of the moat formid- abio tlghtora ol':mankltid"in tha vagstablo kingdom. Conturiss ago;-wllall the-ibtolllgant _cactus found that it was likely to hlaatla and aatarmlnatod by tho ani- mals rovlng~in thrdaurtult-took'on 'ttsalf an‘arr||or` of sharp spikes and nasdlaa, so that thsroaftar tho tall.

_ t w ' fs from anim l n birds.

'r°g;:|i:°a=i:l'rnra=.a=umod-a awori-llhshaaf. athsrs oovorod 3.0%” ta ,with grasp api Oo. whils othars grow tou . n oral. :xy lhaolaa-and than ara said to bo about 1000-adopt so a sort of armor. ao that when to was ios_t_ ia tba snot tloaabt ~

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of trying to extract life from the unsyntpnrnerw gm] intimidating plant. I

Mr. Burbank worked on the cnctus for ten yt-ara.

Ho found that whereas the cactus which grew nn the open plains was furmldubly armed, the varieties thnt. grow high up on rocks and in crevicsa tonk lena ;,|-,_ cautions to safeguard themselves, Mr. Burbank sa- lectnd some of the varieties wl\lcl\ had dlncardotl mont of thalr llplnes. and began la process of selection and racrossing. ' 4

After ten years of effort he evolved a leaf which la

al smooth nn an rtpplt-_ Mr. Burbank claims that ths thornlcss cactus la almost as nnurialllng ns_alfnlfn. and wlll enable msn to misc cattle in heretoforaarld territory. -

Dr. l.ant|one's experiments may possibly make cac-

lua an'ltem on the menus of our fashionable hotels- - who can tell? Who ktfowa hut n new cult nf esthstlc pcopls will make cactus their dist? For Dr. llnntlona claims lt gives 'nutrlmant to the body and hraln. en- abling a man to do mental work for cightssn hours without fatigue.

You may laugh. But it In ‘pointed out hy those in-

tarsltcd that both the tomato and potato were regard- ed, aa curlolltiea whsn first evolved.

~WhIla Dr. undone tn California was ilvinl' on the

oaotua, Dr. ’l'. J. Allan, of Aurora, Ill.. was living on poanuta. On December li Dr. Allan hnlaltad a fond test axtendlng ovor alxly.daya. during whloh time he ata only paanuta and drank lelnonado.

During this tlms tha doctor lost twolvo pounds, but

at tho and of the test ha laid ha never fait better in his lifs. Ha calculated that his "board" had cost him at\tha rata of- lbobnts a day- ' ' '

Dr. Allan daolarod that hs considered tha peanut an

idaal food. lla said it was paiatabla and antlsnad one, that It improved tha akin. ll" MIG I \°\'°l.\' ¢°"\D\¢l~ lon and matic tha hair grow. During his tant tha doe- tor ata sixty pounds of psaauta, at tho rats of one pound a dal.

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loan municipalities. is practically exempt from taxa.- tion. ` It pays tho duko nf Westminster |S,250.000 a year. It pays the snr: of Cariogan $4,000,000. it pays the dukes nf Porl/.und and Norfolk, respectively, $3,500,000 and $4,000,000.

Thcrv are 100,000 little shops, little dwellings and

Innufforalile slums in tho Southwark and Lambeth dis- tricts; they pay tho carl nf Northatnpton $3,000,000 a year. The duke of Bedford. tho marquls of Camden, Lord llchester and Lnrtl Nnrthhrnok all take their toll -and one~s|xth of London gasps for air and hunger: for food. ‘ .

Anti where there in work. (ha very factories em-

ploying young girls are invaded by the modern liquor clubs, thnt compel lnnotv-noe and decency to debauch ltsvlf, as ll\ Birmingham, Where tho fnctnry operatives hrtva been ruined ln mnrals'and unflttod to bear chll~ dren thy the curse of drink.

Jack London, when he investigator] lsondon’s pov-

erty. declared that moro than 20 pt-r t-tent. of the pop- ulation depended nn charity for support; that nearly 2.000.000 wero always on the ragged edge of want, and that, ln the l'n|t»=d Kingdom. starvation-not mere, anltrtylng hungcr. but killing starvation-continually ronfrnntorl 9,000,000 pinched bodies and drspltirlng soulll. - -

England. for.twontv years. ever since the mob ln-

vsded Mayfair nnrl ho'-lr-rl for fond, has been trying .n forget lt, nnrl knitting woolen socks for the worthy poor.

But. her statesman this year fear they maybe mm.

polled tn rt-v'-'zgnlze the grlm alternative: rcform nr rev- olutlnn.

A Quaint Little Island That Produces Salt'

rr tm- wt-.at coast nf France is the little lie-de-Re.

XL) clghtvon mils,-s lrmg und varying ln width from

at-vs~nl,v _vnrfla lo twrs mllcn. lt cnntnlns fewer

quart' _vnrtls lhnn tho t~lt_v nf ltnrls,

During tlw sttmtllvt' null ninking is uno of tht- chlof

lntluslrtos oi the tnllnlvltunls. Tho salt luntrtls nre formed ln large st|u.\rr-s, at-|\rtrntt»tl from out-h other by low ridges. 'Fheso nrt: n\'»»rtlnwt-tl in tht- sprlngtlmc. und na the wnlr-r evnpnrntes thc tlopnnli of :init in raked nut with a long murr\\\' lnntrd nttttvhrwi lo n polo und piled in bettps rt-:ttly to in-_ tttkt-n to tha rf-tlnt-ry ln-:n'll,\'.

'Fha lit-:taunt wtnnvlt work with tin: sumo ons" as the

mon lu tho snll untl tvystot' l1vtls,nt the t-tttclllng of shrlmlls ulnl nlw ln tho tlt-ids. \’t'i\llo t-nlzngcd in these litllurx they \v»-:tr l»:tgg_\' klwo-hl'c<~<-ltt-s, loom- wtllstn nntl llgltt-tt»ltn'~»tl sttltlmum-ts. The snls-its of the winter have ln-»|t |n|t >|.~ltl.- _-mtl the foot nro loft lutrn, nlthnugh the lego nf ultl stockings ure often drnwn up ns fnr ns the km-v ns n pt~<\t<»cllnt\ frnm tim hnnt null ln_<ot~t_q. lt Is |n.i.-ml it t~n\|ntr_\' of t1~n|nr\rs_ ,\'n|~ .l-nut lt nntp with im- munity, for n\.\n_\' of lin- tl~\nk»-_vs_ ns well. wt-ur lon! atrlpotl rntl and wltilo or hlnr untl while cm-»~rl|\L:s tm their logs. Tlwse are- In kt-np nff thi- nwttrnts nt lll-‘s and mos- qultoea.

\\'t~<ltlin|z t-tsnttltnf-.~t on thu inlttntl nrt- t-:tlhnr singular.

vlowetl from our nl:iml|n\int_ 'l'l\t- gown: nt the bride Ill ulwnys hlnvk. in vt-l\~»-t or nntin for tho wt-ll-to-dn and ln wnnlon fm- tho pinnt-r t-Insnos, hut tht- tlcltu In of white muslln trlmrnvd with whit- lat-11, tvltivh In nftmtllmrs nn heh-lnnm. und has n hrnntl whltn rtnlsnn bow in front

rrttcltlttg tn tht- Imttom nl tha tin-s.~_

Tlto lung hrlflril vt-ll ls ul|:\|~lw|l lu grttt-rftll folds U1

hor sugar-loaf sltnw-tl t-u|n‘urt~. with-h had lls high peak nilorttotl with nrwcrni lznrlnnds nt nrtltlclal nrnngo hlrts- soms, and n long nt-‘<‘klut~o :tml tha houfutol are also of

ilu- sunt# hnv/nr.

Amnln opportunity in git-on for tlla;»ln_\‘ln;;‘ all the

hn»=r_\-, for tha hrldo nnd grnnnt. fnllnvrrrl by I elr rela- llvrn and itltlmnie frlcntls wnlklng by t-nttplos, gn on foot to and trnm the vhurrlt. 'l'hon ngnln, nfter tht- mnrringn feast, tho whole wotldlpg |mr|_\- pl-omottmlen lwn ur three limes nbnut the town, oftontlmos to tho unmolnflloul act-ormmnlmt-nt of n tlutf- and n shrill t-nrnt-t, After this there ls it supper and tlnnco, nntl lf the famllv ara ln prnpernua circumstancos tho fe.stl\'iilt\n nm continued the next day,

some nf the customs of these simple folk ara most

rimltivt-_ Thi-y have tholr nwn nriglnal manner of thresh- lhg tht-lr barley. Tho street ln front nf the oWm\r'a house la carefully swept, nnfl the sheaves ora unbound and spread ln n thick layer nvt-r the road, Then n largu ltone

roller is drawn hat-k and forth tivo; ll. for several houra, follovrrd by threahertt with lnhg lin ll. '

After the kernels have been -attracted by this tedious

process. the straw is swept up and tha barley is swept into heaps and ahftvelod into hues. As carts ang-100|. passengers have missed rontlnunlly through tha street during the day one, cannot ltelp questioning thc cleanll. neaa of thc harley thus produced.

A Childrerfs Hotel

1' ohe of the English benches they have a chlldrsn'»

A hotel. At flrat lt seemed strsng»almost barbarcus

-to the mothers. but when they found that milk

fresh from the con. new laid eggs, homemade .iamasand cakes and other approprlatt- food that they could not obtain at places of rasldsnre designed primarily for

grownuna were supplied ln ahundancg at the chlldrsn'a howl. t ey ltansnss to move them into tt with a nuna govornasa or other atllndant.

The hotel has the but altnatinn on thc Nach, and ll

arnangod and furnished In lho way beat aullod to ohlk droa‘a nada.

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