py the people be, seriously and liter- ally, Government for the people. We must improve and expand the se

curity provided in programs of social

and health insurance. We .must do. more and better work in the fields of physical and- vocational rehabilita- tion: We must improve all our pro-

grams for thexaged: health and re

creation, housing and employment.

~ “With our rising starlard of liv- |

ing and. increasing leisure time, -it is

important that—the state give - in-

*~ The Void Of Space - “Russia’s moon rocket,” says a recent press report, “plunged on into . the void..of space today, heading ‘in @ great curve toward the sun and an orbit it may folléw for the rest of time.” The significance of this achievement has been the subject of worldwide comment. By any stand- ard, it represents a new phase in hu- man exploration, which few of us are. able to comprehend. The rocket has already covered over 9,000,000 niiles since it was fired, judged by the dis- tance from the point in space occupi- ed by the earth at that time. The earth itself, speeding along in its own dizzy orbit, travelled only 8,370,000 miles in the same amount of time. Russian scientists expect their man- made planet to reach its maximum speed next Wednesday, when it will be travelling at the rate of 20 miles a second. This is nearly three times as fast as the speed of the launching and quite staggers the imagination.

But speed is a relative thing,’

and the more we learn about-celestial bodies the more amazing is the evi- | fence of their motion. Through the huge 200-inch telescope at Mount Palomar for example, innumerable star clusters can be seen at distances of about two thousand million light years. The observations of thése dis- tant bodies show -tnat their light ~ and radio emission are shifted in wavelength so that as received on parth the light is redder and the ra- dio waves longer in wavelength than those which are actually emitted. rhe interpretation of this shift is that we are separating from the gal- axies at a fantastic speed of recession which increases as we move out into space. At the limits of present-day »bservation the speed of recession is — shout 37,000 miles per second, or one- fifth the velocity of light. _ The observation which gives ~us thie figure is a cluster of galaxies in Hydra photographed in the Palomar telescope. We are now seeing it as it was two thousand million years ago, moving away at a rate of thirty-sev- en thousand miles a second. A minute ago we weresten million miles closer to this cluster than we are now! A year igo we were a light year closer, or nearly six billion miles!

Truly indeed, we are living in an age of incredible revelations. Whe- ther or not the, knowledge thus glean- bd will be of use to mankind is an- sther question. It has reached a stage now where it is quite incomprehen- tible, save to a few scientists. Even they can grasp it only in mathemati- tal formulas. The.rest of us will be pontent to say, with the Psalmist, "The Heavens declare the glory of sed, and the firmament showeth His handiwork.”

ooh Fine Speech

Not in a long time have we read a more sensibie or intellectually-pleas- ing speech than that delivered by Mr. Nelson \A. Rockefeller on the occasion of his inauguration as Governor of the State of New York. For the bene- fit of those. of gur readers who did: not have the privilege of reading the full text, we are quoting some of its highlights: . ™

“We can serve—and save—free- tom everywhere only as we practice -

-Farm lands occupy more than half

‘tury. Tobacco, mostly for cigars, ix ‘the second most important. The third ||

- fruit,

. flowers mark the landscape.

t in our own lives. We cannot speak ff the quality of men and: nations mless we-hold high the banner of social equality in our own commun- ities. We cannot speak ‘of a rule of aw among nations unless our. own aws faithfully serve the needs and guard the rights of our own citizens. We cannot be impressively concerned with the needs of impoverished peo- ples in distant lands if our. own citi- ens are left in want. We cannot pre- lend to help inspire new young na- fions in the ways of freedom and its institutions, if our schools do not en- pble our own youth to be enlightened citizens. We cannot hope to serve the tause of. . peace: among nations,. if tlasses of factions in our own society war among themselves. _ “We must make more orderly, ef- . ficient and responsible our govern mental processes. We must erase all sdministrative abuses, all marks of |

waste and inefficiency, from our gov-'

ernment. For only by such’ repairs and reforms can this Government

treasing encouragement to the in-

*

_ tellectual.and cultural facilities for | 7

_

the people. Government. must have a heart as well as a brain. We must work, perhaps hardest of all, on the field where the future can be won or

_ lost; -in qur schoolrooms. We must.

continue urgently needed state aid to our schools. We must plan—years into the future—expansion of our state institutions for higher educat- - ion. For what we do not téach, we cannot save—and this is true of free- dom itself.

“In such tasks, time or care to ¢

re can give little iventional labels or slogans. They have little meaning in terms af the lities of life today. We shall be conservative; for we know the measuteless value that is our heritage, to save and to cherish and to enrich. We shall be liberal; for we are vastly more interested in the opportunities of tomorrow than .the problems of yesterday. We shall be progressive; for the opportunities and the challenges are of such size and scope that we can never halt and Say: our labor is done.

“We shall never surrender to the belief that man is a soulless device made to serve 4 machine or a state. We know that the state and ma- chines are properly conceived and de- signed to servé-man. I shall need your help and your trust. I ask that

“help; and I pledge myself consistently

to deserve that trust.”

* Peurl Of The Aniilles

What kind of land is this Cuba which is so much in the news these days? A fairly pleasing one, from all accounts—that is, of course, when there-is no fighting going on.

It is a lush green island 730 miles

- land, neighbours and

‘long. The average width is 50 miles.

It is the largest and most heavily | populated of the West Indian islands: | 75 perecent of the population is white or mulatto, 24 per cent Negro. Asians, | mosi!ly Chinese, make up the bal- ance. Havana, the capital, is a mod- ern ci.y. A few miles away are dense jungles. | -,... :

.. The clWiate is semi-tropical and temperate. The mean temperature is about 77 degrees. Between the cold- est and the warmest months the tem- perature varies only about 10 degrees.

ater ceenyeeinanemenanenamaeaefienninee

the island, which has ar area of 40,- 000 square miles, about the size of Newfoundland. Sugary has been the dominant crop since the 18th cen-

is fruit. Bananas, pineapples, grape avocados, guavas, plantains papayas and. limes are exported, along with winter vegetables. 80 species of palms and 5,000 species of

Cuba was discovered by Chris- topher Columbus in his first: voyage in 1492. Since the early part of the 16th century it has been called the “Pearl of the Antilles’. ‘

EDITORIAL NOTES

“Deputy Soviet Premier Mikoyan ignores red traffic lights,” says a headline. ~He had- better ‘not ignore the danger signals when he stafts talking politics with U.S. officials.

* . s

A Fish and Game Association in the United States is asking for a law making it illegal to use cheese for trout bait. Doubtless, this little news item will give anglers here a new idea when the season opens.

- > .

The science editor of the World Book Encylopedia says that-in the future farmers wil} sprinkle a spec- ial dye on the ground to absorb sun- light and speed the melting of the snow to advance the planting sea- son. He evidently has not been told that most farmers like to see snow on their land in Spring. They think it is of great help to the soil.

ce * °

France has removed import quotas from alist of goods from the United States .and Canada amountiag to about50 per cent. The most important Canadian ex- port freed from quotas was ‘paper pulp, but other products. are- in- cluded. It now remains for Canada to take some reciprocal action by

' gessed one of the finest

_ at Vernon River Bridge the s

“which grandfather with his

way of appreciation.

PLAN FOR U

IFICIATION

MALCOLM MacRAE ©

My Maternal

By C. Winfield

‘Mr. Matheson, who contributes the following interesting sketch | to The Guardian, is a_ barrister and solicitor residing im Calgary.)

Malcolm MacRae, (1802-1893) was the youngest of the six,child- ren of Donald MacRae of Glenelg in Invernesshire, Scotland, and Mary McLeod, his wife, of the same place, and was born there in or about the year 1802.

When young Malcolm was about 2 years of age. shortly. after March 4th, 1804, his father,

mother and the five older children

with himself, left their home- friends of the ancient settlement of Glenelg, and going on board a sailing ves- sel of that day became passen- gers, presumably for -North Carolina, in the United States of America, seeking a milder

climate than that of Scotland.

Grandfather _

Matheson, B.A.

such ports as Boston, Halifax or Sydney at the wharves of which their different cargoes would be landed. It_ was the family custom in | “cherry time” to receive a_friend- ly visit from such well cousins and relatives as the Joneses of Pownal, and the Mac- Rae's of “Waterside Farm’. in | that vicinity, as well as the For- | bes family of Avondale, Lot 49, | Mrs. William W. Forbes ‘being

'-grandpa MacRae’s eldest daugh- | ter Mary Ann. All brough? baskets

| or other containers in which to

family and.visitors had all they

cared for. enough were left on the

| tall trees to reach the top bran, ches of which ladders were sometimes required.

| LARGE FAMILY

| Grandpa had lost his wife, the

as Donald, who had been beautiful Jessie Cameron of a soldier in what was nam-| Georgetown. and Montague sev-

ed. “‘The Canadian Regiment . of Fencibles’’. is reported to have had just obtained his honourable discharge. as being “too old’, presumably around 45 years of age.

The family tradition ts. as re- vealed some years ago by the now late’ Elizabeth-~MacRae, of “Waterside Farm’’. near Pownal. Prince Edward Island, that dur- ing the voyage across the At- lantic a great storm accompani- ed by a very high wind or gale. drove the ship hundreds of miles out of her planned course. with the result that eventually. she was driven ashore near the foot of Tea Hill here, and the Captain refusing to take anyone farther, they all had to leave the vessel and reach the shore. PURCHASED FARM

It seems that Donald had in his |

working days in Scotland saved a sufficient sum of money to meet even such a disappointment as this ship-wreck, and so was able

to purchase a farm_for himself, 7

and, in time, one each for his 3 boys.

_My grandfather Maicolm pos- _ shore- farms I have ever seen. As I re- member it, the homestead was very long and narrow. It oc- cupied a place extending from the Main Road on the North to the shore near the junction of the Vernon and Seal Rivers, in the settlement then known as Vernon

‘River Bridge ‘now Port Vernon)

in Lot 50. Queen's Coumy here. A long roadway or lane fented on both sides stretched from the said main road to the shore yof the rivers on both the east and west boarders of the farm.

On the west side lay the farms of William Fraser and Edward Fraser respectively, gzrandpa’s neighbours ween his land and Seal River, and on the East side by the homesteads of John Mac- Gillivray. and. the Cavanaugh family. When any person wished to arrive at the 2 general -stores ort route across the. fields of all the farms mentioned was mostly taken. Old fashioned stiles were made use of when one came tp a fence, so that the walker _could with ease continue his or her journey. ‘

FINE CHERRY ORCHARDS

Grandpa had, two cherry orchards on his farm, one down near the shore, which seems to have been abandoned before my early visits to the farm. The new orchard was only a few yards away from the front door of the comfortable pioneer house, from kitchen entrance ,of big magnifying glass_could often see the cargo sailing vessels, some- times with all sail set. proceed from the outside bay to Vernon River Bridge, in the early fall of the year to be loaded by the two merchants in business at the Bridge. with potatoes, turnips and oats purchased from the farmers within hauling distances. It was

“a wonderful sight to see several

of these vessels move up. and then after being loaded down the river go seek the coastal waters of

_ eral years before. They had a

known |

| place the fruit and even after the | WELL LOVED BOOKS

fairly large family of boys and |

| girls but lost Christie and John | | in childhood. Dan became a sailor |

| but was lost at sea in a storm

| when he was first mate on a sail-

| ing vessel. Robert also spent 5

years at sailing on a ship between | Baltimore and _ Liverpool, land, for some five years or so after which he returned farm. The names of grandpa’s | girls were Mary Ann ‘Mrs. W.W. | Forbes), Grace (Mrs. John | Sharpe)! Jane Elizabeth | Mrs. Charles Matheson). Sarah Jemi ma. a twin-sister of Jane, and

uphemia, ‘Mrs. L. McGregor) ‘Mrs. A. Stewart). Sarah and Robert lized on the farm with » grandpa.

It was grandfather's custom to |

retire early in the evenings and | to be the first up in the morn- ings. On visits there I have seen hiny sitting on his lounge near the kitchen stove making shav- ings or light sticks of wood with his large knife se that when he would get up first the next morn-

culty in lighting a fire

Eng- |

to. the |

ing there wouldn't be much diffi- — in the | place.

kitchen stove. His bedroom _was just off the dining room not far away: Uncle Robert and Aunt Sarah had their respective rooms up the stair-way which led from the hall in which the t door of the house was <ituated After grandpa got the kitchen fire going nicely he proceeded to make the oatmeal porridge for breakfast in one of those high old fashioned iron pots of that day, and when ‘hat was about ready, would walk from the” kitchen through the dining room and then to the foot of the stairway in the hall and would call ‘‘Robert- -Sarah, it’s time to get up’, or words to the like effect. Aunt Sarah set the table for breakfast but when-all sat down, including visitors, if any. no-one moved until grandpa had said Grace.

I can well remember the table | of books of different kinds which | grandfather had in his dining room. Two of those books I can sill remember, namely, “John Plowman’s Talks’ by the world famous Baptist Minister, the- Rev. Charles Haddon Spurgeon of Lon- don, Engiand. The other was a | history book which mentioned, if I remember rightly, the British. story of the Druids, Stonehenge. | ‘Salisbury Plains), and the early invasion of Britain under Julius Caesar, about 55. B.C. :

Although the MacRaés worship- | ped in the Presbyterian church in Glenelg. Scotland, before coming | to North America in 1804, the Methodist being the nearest to them at Seal River, they in time attended it. Among its searly } ministers was a gentleman I can» well remember seeing when T| was a young boy and the family name is today still known in the surrounding districts-namely. the Rev. Mr. Shiedow, whose home-

| land was Ireland, & memory ser-

ves me rightly.

Grandpa, although a hard work- ing pioneer farmer. lived an in- teresting life and passed away in dis Seal River house in May 1893.

He was buried in the Bible Christian Churchyard. Cross- roads, Lot 48, here his father, |

mother, and most of the MacRae r

family, have their last resting

Strugg]

The Republicans have reshuf- | led their leadership for the 86th Congress which opened in Wash- ington Wednesday:

} tives, have | of the party's bloc. ;

| But the Senate appointment of

| the party's appeal to the veter. In the House ,of , Representa- |

the change was, made to} a younger man in charge

| minority leader, formefly held by | William Knowland who resigned | |

and ruinei his political-career in |

an unsuccessful campaign to be come governor of California, was a dispiay of the infighting that both Democrats ant Republicans are Waging as the 1960 presiden- ‘tial ,election approaches

The struggles within the par- ties are by recently - elected congressmen, many of them of a liberal-sf ‘progressive persua- sion. why are quarreling with the old-timers and .old ideas. They are finding the changes slow in coming. : BOTH DIEHARDS

Joseph W. Martin of Massachu- setts, 74. was eased out as the house Republican leader after 20 years in that post. Charles A. Halleck, a 58-year-old representa- tive from Indiana, was chosen in his place. Both are regarded as highly conservative.

The Senate appointment of Ev-

choice of old-guard Republicans. Junior - ranking senators tried to have John Sherman. Cooper of Kentucky appointed in an at-

dent and so exert an influence

choice of a young Californian,

| Thomas Kuche. as Senate whip.

The young Republicans. elected

erett Dirksen of Hlinois was the!

tempt to move closer to the presi-|

in spite of waves of Democratic support last November and two ing, special and adult éducation.

i

on government policy. They were) placated to some, extent by the |

By David Rowntree Canadian Press Staff Writer

e In U.S. Congress

years earlier, believe that te re tain the presidency when Eisen- hower goes they must reshape

NEW DEMOCRATS :

The new jDemocrats came, mainly from the West — soon to. be the most populous area of the | U.S. — and from northern states that were formerly Republican strongholds. In most cases, these | men are in opposition, nof only to the government, but to the, conservative southerners of their own party. Z

In general, the two Texans who | are the Democratic leaders * Congress — Lyndon Johnson in the Senate and Sam Rayburn in the House — look on the new- comers’ demands for a boldly ‘liberal program with coolness.

The divisions between the lib- | erals and southerners in the Dem- ocratic party are likely to be in- tensified in the coming session in debates over civil rights as they affect Negroes.

MAXIMS

-- Jesus never gave eause for be- lief that even own sacrifice on the cross. by any pre- cess of mental gymnastics serve as a substitute fer man’s fulfill- ment of his obligation to saciety.

EDUCATION GUIDE

. OTTAWA. ‘CP) — A guide to electing literature on Canadian ducation has been published by he bureau of statistics. ht in tudes brief items on the history vd organization of English- and rench-language schoo! -systents, chool finance. fessional train-

| Murray — Harbour

’

Most Deadly Health Riddle

By Herman N. Bundesea, M. D.

die, the prevention of heart di- sease, you can see how little we aré-doing in this important field.

Diseases of the heart and cir- culation kil more than 800,000 Americans each . That's about 53 per cent ths at all ages. It’s more than three times the number of deaths at- tributed to the secomi leading cause, cancer. : . HITS YOUTH, TOO

About 10,000,000 Americans— one out of every 16 — are suf- fering from some-sort of heart or circulatory’ disease right no w. And: these people are not all el- derly as is commonly supposed. Half-a-million of them are school- age children.

In fact, 29-per cent of those who died of cardiovascular dis- ease in 1955 — the last for which I have statistic ere under the so-called retirement age of 65.

Economic loss through heart and circulation diseases is tre- mendous, about $2,500,000,000 an- nually. Lost earnings because of time off from work due to these| diseases deprive the federal gov- ernment’ of more thar. $300,000.- 000 in income taxes each year. MAIN CAUSES

Now we know the main causes of heart disease. About 90 per cent is caused by atherosclero- sis. a form of hardening of the arteries; high blood pressure and rheumatic fever. But we still don’t know the underlying caus- es of these three primary dis- orders.

More money is needed for more research. Wouwld vou hke to help the American Heart Society? QUESTION AND ANSWER B.C.L.: Is there an age at which gastric cancer.is most frequent?

Answer: Gastric cancer is be lieved to be rare in individuals below 25 years of age, but the in- cidence rates rise sharply in pa- tients before the age’-of 50 -is reachel. :

‘OUR YESTERDAYS

(From The Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (Jan. 9, 1934)

The rail service between Sack- ville and Charlottetown on the Branch, the necessity of more and adequate potafo warehouses in the Pro- vince, aid to fishermen and the Harla subsidy were among the matters discussed at a meet- ing in the Board of Trade toom last evening. :

Mr. J.F. Arnett receiyed word from Ottawa on Monday¥“morn- ing that a mail plane would call at Summerside on her outward

y Ar

ES BY

Li ff ii

:

t ij FE

z :

oti | iy

g i s

;

ear, “what makes it jerk so when you first put it in r?"’ “Ah,” said the salesman, “that proves what a good car it is—it’s so anxious to start.””—

z

Have you. noticed lately how | much prettier the downtown store-window dumniies are? Kind of intellectual too, but more like Junior Leaguers. Girls you'd like to know better. In fact, I spoke to one the other day near the elevator. — Canadian Jewish Chronicle

Acveording te the scientists, there are now enough nuclear bombs stockpiled to destroy the entire human race. Apparently the neXt war will be’ one in which we won't have to worry about any difficult period of Postwar . adjustment. Win- nipeg Tribune.

Never have basketbll ceaches had it as soft as today. Now ful- ly half-the boys in high school are tall enough for the team. London some time ago gave up measurement by size for proof of age for we know that children of | “the forties” are inches taller than previously.—London Free Siaes saree

~

flight and take mail for the | mainland. When the days get ' longer the plane will make the double trip. 4

i

TEN YEARS AGO (Jan. 9, 1949) The unusual absence of snow , and frost-is making it impos- sible to-carry out the usual sea- sonal sporting activities at, Sum- merside, but others both unusual and unseasonal are being car- ried out. Yesterday Rennie Gal- lant. 45. went for a swim off the railway wharf and it is un- derstood that today an effor* ; will be made.to break a fifty- faars year-old record. On Jan-

uary 8, 1892, a dory race was | held on Summerside Harbour and it is intended to try to | break that record tomorrow.

Miss Mary McNutt, R.N., of Charlottetown has joined the Public Health Nursing Division of the Department of Health and Welfare ard. will -be \ stationed in Charlottetown. Miss McNutt is a graduate of the P.E.I. Hos- pital and. went overseas in 1944

million - in ¥ t into the big time even

not mean that the living are dead; it means that the dead are alive’. — Ottawa Journal.

The urge to relate human com- forts to animal needs continues apace. The other day we report- ed the opening of a dogs’ res-

taurant in New York. Now comes the/news that an old English fi of camp bed manu-

facturers, after research inte exactly how sleeping dogs lie, has designed a special bed for them.—Guardian News Service.

Probably the most maligned profession. is the police C. is readily accepted that they are there for the public's protection but let them issue a parking ticket and the average person is ready to hit the roof. Yet parking tickets are only issued after a law infraction. The police force doesn't make the laws — they only enforce them. —Brockville Recorded.

Possibly ‘the food producers and industries have been mak- ing undue profits, and an in- quiry into. the spread in food . costs. can do no harm. Never- theless most of us are living better than we did 25 years ago and it is too muck to expect that, as our economic position improved,, there should be no Comparable improvement for

the farmer, the distributor and the .grocer.

— Ottawa Journal.

CROW IN WINTER

How singular that a crow, Who nevér deigns to show The least regard for me Lends sociability To strolling in a wood. He makes it understood. Impertinently walking, Occasionally talking To himself, he and I Have nothing but the sky And earth.in common — sti? He somehdw takes the chill For me, and any gray, Out of the winter day.

Elaine V. Emags In the Christian Science ! Monitos_

The Age Old Story

| with the RCAMC serving in Newfoundland, England and Italy.

: Behold, I am for you, and 1] will ‘turn unto you, and ye shall

| he tilled and sown.

4

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