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"PAGE rot‘ ‘n: THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dally (Founded In 1881i. Authorized as Second Clnsa Mail. Post Office Department. Ottawa. heeled, lan A._ Burnett; Vice-President, Win. A. Bernese; Seep-Tress" G. M. Burnett; Editor and Managing Director, J. R. Burnett; Associate Edltor. Frank Walker.

‘fflie Sfrongost Memory is-Weaker Than tlie Weakest lnk."

aunt's-crown. THURSDAY, JAN. :2. 194s Industrial llome

The need of a reformotory and industrial borne for juvenile delinquents was emphasized at the recent annual meeting of the Children's Aid Society for Prince County. It was felt that institutions outside the Province were not a sat- isfactory substitute, and hope was expressed that the Government would do something during the coming year to provide facilities in this Prov- ince.

This matter has been a live subject of dis- cussion for some time. At ‘the last session of the Legislature on Act was put through, pro- viding "that such portion of the lands and build- ings known as the Beach Grove lnn as_may be designated by the Lieutenant Governor-in-Coun- cil or any building or property erected or acquir- ed for use in addition thereto or in lieu thereof, shall be set aside and maintained as a reforma- tory prison, and industrial form to be known as the ‘Provincial Home for Boys'." Control and management of the Home was placed under the Minister of Health and Welfare. The bill passed with the approval of both Government and Op- position members, but other uses were found for the Beach Grove Inn facilities, and the meas- ure has not became effcgtivc. Doubtless more will be heard on this subject when the Legis-

lature meets again. ______._____.__-

The Teacher Problem

"It is a strange paradox in these modern times, when we put such high value on educa- tion, that we place our least qualified, least ex- perienced teachers in rural schools where they work under the hardest conditions and we offer the poorest salaries. At the some time we acknowled that our cities and towns are fed their popu ation from rural areas. The permit teacher flourishes in the country. The conse- quences of h'er lack of fitness and training are borne almost wholly by country children."

Thus writes A. A. Herriot in the current issue of The Country Guide in an article review- lng the tragic history of the present shortage of qualified teachers throughout rural Canada, a shortage whose origin he traces to the treatment accorded to school teachers in the '30's.

Here are the figures for permit teachers employed in Canada for the year ending June, I947. Prince Edward Island, with 674 class- rooms, used 108 permits. Nova Scotia requir- ed 3,236 teachers and used 412 permit teachers. New Brunswick required 3,278 teachers and used 644 without proper qualifications. Quebec Pro- testant schools required 2,605 teachers and used 186 permits. Quebec Roman Catholic schools required 23,589 teachers and used 245 permit teachers, while most of their schools are manned by religious orders. Ontario required 23,566 teachers and'use'd 1,195 permit teachers. Mani- toba required 4-,475 teachers and used 723 per- mits. Saskatchewan needed 6,934 teachers and used 838 teachers not properly qualified, and transported children from 750 districts to other schools. Alberta required 6,327 teachers but was short 642. British Columbia required 4,798 teachers. The number of unqualified teachers is not reported for British Columbia, but 560 teachers left work during 1945 as against 378 in training at the time. ‘

"Thus," says Mr. Herriot, "we see that no Province escapes from the charge that the teach- er-permit system has been used beyond all for- giveness. lt is true that education authorities have been so busy kcepiiqi schools open that they have ignored thecvils entailed. What was mcanli .os n makeshift arrangement now is accepted with little protest."

Worst feature of the case is that permitecs are assigned to such schools which have failed to secure a qualified teacher in time to open the fall term. "Many rural boards make no serious attempt to secure a properly qualified teacher. They prefer to wait for the cheaper permits. Many schools have used such teachers continu- ously for years now."

If permit teachers must be used, they need much more help than they now receive. More inspectors are needed to assist and supcrvisC their work. Also, it is claimed, their training is too inefficient and pretentious. For a few weeks, usually about four, each summer, groups of

"young high school students with a Grade XI or Gfade Xll standing are brought together for o hurried training. They struggle to absorb the entire curriculum in tablet form, regardless of the fact that each will be out only for l0 months as n permit teacher in a specific school, whcre only o port of that training may be needed. The trdining should be specific and definite for the particular school to which each would le sent,

vrhlch is almost surely to be a one-roan rural

sphool, where grades I to Vlll are taught. This could be done if the short courses were properly planned accordingly.

All the Provinces, it is pointed out, now hove teacher pension schemes which should help in o feeling of'financial security upon retire- ment. Some of these schemes ore administer- ed in I niggardlly and penurious manner, which is irritating to the teachers concerned. Same fund; actually cheat many teachers, particular- ly permit teachers, out of their contributions,‘ it these people lsdve the profession in the first [our yeors of service. Every pension plan exam- ined could safely raise allowances by 30 or 40 percent and still continue solvent. Their actu- arll do not make enough allowance for the high up of‘ severance of claimants-in other words yo“ purifier who quit teaching before they reach

may require o moior operation. "lt must," Mr. Herriot concludes, "be nation-wide. Put educa- tion into its proper place among our public serv- ices. Correct the unfair disparity between op- portunities offered teachers aiid children in city and country schools. Make the teacher's posi- tion in a rural area as secure, satisfying and remunerative as in a city or town. . Such teachers are hard to find and deserve more than they ever have received in money or re- spect. A lifetime of teaching should be regard- ed as one of the-finest ways of life the present day can offer." '

The Amusement Tax

A promise to vacate the amusement tax field has finally been wrung from Finance Min- ister Abbott by Mayor Saunders of Toronto. All municipalities in Canada will view this prospect with satisfaction, for virtually all of them are urgently in need of new sources of revenue to meet growing demands upon their treasury. ln Ontario, when the tax is returned to the domain of the Provinces, where it belongs, it is planned to specifically earmark tho revenue from this source as a hospital fund.

Mr. Abbott has placed himself on record as recognizing the Provinces’ right to this field of taxation. This bcing so, suggests an exchange, there is nothing to prevent Ottawa's immediate withdrawal from it, and Mr. Abbott should lose no time in giving effect to his pledge. Action toward this end can be taken as soon as Parlia- ment re-assembles on January 26 by a simple Budget resolution. There is no need to wait until the end of the fiscal year, nor, in fact, is anything to be gained by so doing,

EDITORIAL NOTES -.

Remember to contribute to the Fire Victims Fund.

The Saskachewan Provincial election is

said to be scheduled for June 15.

The National Film Board is costing the hard hit taxpayers over $2 1-3 million a year. I i I I

As a result of the new price controls, 200 trained investigators will be added to the W. P. T. B. staff during the next two weeks.

I I R H

British Columbia's Doukhobors are main- taining the pacifist tradition of being beliger- ently anti-militaristic. '

a a n , With American fruit juices and fresh vege- tables banned from this country Canadian tomato juice and lsland turnips have come into their own.

I \i I I

Communist PremienGeorgi Dimitrov of Bulgaria includes Greece in his proposed union of Russian allies. There is an old recipe for rabbit pie which begins, "First catch your reb- bit.. fi . ' fi The hunting fraternity are looking after game birds in difficulties because, of the deep snow. Other breeds of birds have no such org- anized protectors, and it is up to the tender- hearted housewife to keep them alive until nat- ural feed is again available. '

fi i i I

An important proposal to be made to the Parliamentary Committee on Veterans Affairs by the Legion is the stabilization of World War I pensions. The average age of these'veterans is between 59 and 60. The proposal will be that a floor should be put under the pensions of these old timers and that note should be token of progression of disability.

fi I i I According to a timepiece of electrically activated quartz crystals the earth is not by any means a perfect time keeper. Astronomers claim that its wobble causes measurable dif- ferences in its rotation period. lt is rather use- less information that a day is longer or shorter than 24 hours because by definition our uiiits of time are merely\fractions of an earth revolu- tion. ‘ '7 r‘

s» . e- ,,..

A social club to help London parents visit their children in Canada and the United States is bcing organized by Mrs. Martha Fitchard, o London mother. "When the club gets going," said Mrs. Fitchord, "wc shall hold weekly social functions to raise money which will go towards paying our members’ passage across the At- lantic and helping them with their expenses on landing."

i it t ‘k

George Gordon, 6th Lord Bryan, English poet, barn this date 1788; educated or Harrow and Cambridge where he became acquainted with John Cam Habhou , ~Baron Broughton, who at Byron's death arranged his funeral and burned his memoirs according to his wish. Byron had a miserable childhood, a stormy youth, and a dissipated manhood, dying at the age of thirty- six; his greatest friends and advisers were Broughton, Shelley, Leigh Hunt and Countess Gui'ccioli; is greatest works Childe Harold on:l 'Don Juan, l.:c latter being described not only as the clevcrcst satirical poem in English literature but also one of the most ingenious displays of rhyming in the language:

"The drying up of a single tear has more Of honest fame, than shedding seas of gore." 1 f I I

The recent proposal of the Federal Govern- ment to increase the basic rate of veterans‘ pensions by $101.0 per MOE-Til is not sufficiently adequate to offset the rising cost of living, oc- cording to a news release issued by the Dominion Command of the Conadian_ Legion. The Leg- ion's idea of an appropriate increase in pensions at this time would be an additional 25 per cent for all beneficiaries under the Act. This would boost a single totally disabled pensioner from $900 to $1,125.00 a year. It would also mean that o totally disabled pensioner with a wife and two children would receive a total of $1,- 905.00 per annum. A widow without children would gar $900 and a widow with two children a total of $1,305.00.

T313

Jlstes By Wsy-

A lawyer says n client. changed hi! Will rilne times In a year. A fresh heir fiend. Si. Thomas Times- Journal.

_ Righteous indignation. according i" B $111811 boy's oeriniilon, ls being mad ivlthout cussing. - Gall Re. porter.

The modern girl ls wise. sccordc I118 to a college professor. And “by not? She passes an examina- tion every time she meets a man. - St. Thomas Tiaras-Journal.

Bears may bo in unusually bed humor this Slinm-iei". The heat. lb driving bliem out of Llleir places of Wlnber hibernation and they're go- ing l0 have an awful Lime catch- ing WP on their sleep. -»I.rethbridgo Herald.

Invented by Mr. Boris Koppel of Melbourne. f1. burglar alarm for inooor vehicles sets itself‘ automat- ically when the driver leaves the car. If s. thief trles to steal the car. a bell rlngs loudly and the engine automatically becomes lriop- eratlve. Owner can check the a- larm hy o. concealed bubton. - From Australian Newsletter.

One person may be drunk with only 0.05 percent alcohol ln the blood, whlle another may not show HIIY Efforts wllh 30 per-cent. ac- Cordlns to Dr. Roger o. Williams of the University ol‘ Texas, ris reported by The New Yorlc Times. This makes lilm thlnlc that. lt. may some any be possible to pick out. the potential alcoholic and fore- warn him of lllS iveakness. Doc- tors, he urges. should study individ- ual differences in body chennscry and response to alcohol rather than the reaction of the typical or average person. What. ls llght. drinking for one person may be heavy drinking for another". A heavy drinker may never become an addict.

1 Ne": Items newer. imc old-fash- °'_' n “ml —dl1'll'. smoky soft: coal *5 h? KEY to America's continued "mspemy and power. scientists “item-Ink the meeting of the Ann. erlcan Association for the Advance- ment of Science hoard from Prof. 2- lw- Htlckfll/l; 0! Iona Wesleyan _° 1689- 0f Pflwer sources now in Sight. American coal reserves con. SLIWW 98-8 Percent. ivirlr ilalurul gas, all shale and petroleum split- tmg the small remainder among them. Coal reserves or one nan“ l-Ol-Rl 0.0 to 2.556 bllllan tolls, while the reserves of the ollier phi-er,- fuels will provide the energy equi‘- "aleilbt?! Dilly ll. llltle more than 30 billion tons of coal. I-t. has been estimated that America's known coal- reserves can meet: the fuel needs of’ the next 2.000 years.

_ The average family, and most, or them lived on their own farms, spun their own wool and linen info yarns and wove their own cloth or knitted their own socks and mir. tons. They grew their own flax, pulled it. by hand. reued it. in the deivs of the fall mornings, and eventually spun their own linen fibres for weaving. They made Lhelr own candles from fallow, cl.

all their wood for heating alia cooking. made a good deal af their 0\\'Tl sugar from maple sap. "Phe/ cut. their grain by hand and Llireshcd it. with flails on Lhe barn floor. And they didn't; ask for re- lief, they didn't think much about hoilrs-of-ivork acts, and they didn't.

see much real money from one year's and to the ilext. They were real private enLel-prisers. and

there wouldn't. have been much of a Canada here today if they hadn't. been the kind of people they were. —-Lct.libridge Herald.

Round (Tape llorn. England- bollnd, carrying an acre of calii |- when all her sails are set, YOAIS the four-mashed barque Pnmlr, first sailing shlp to be loaded hi New Zealand fol" London in 40 years’ This beautiful old ship has fol- loivarl the lravk LhaLJiimdrCrIs o.’ British irindjamniers have sailed. the Cape Horn rand: dipping down lilm the West. Winds and turning her head crist-ivards for t-he Horn. ralancliilg right. (TIOWIIIOT t-he cold latitudes: rounding the ivllcl head- llilld through smothering sens mill screaming galcs; running through the soufllcrn Horse Latitudes; groping for the South-east. ‘Fri-ides, Oll Lo the Lino and the sweltering Doldrllms calm . . . than, as bll.) old shalltymen used Lo sing: Rolling home to clear old England, Rolling home. fair land. to thee.

The Pamfr. 3.200 tons, comes with a cargo of fallow and wool. and 64 cases of clothing -glffs for DP‘s. she was launched at llam- burg in I904. and was sailing im- rler the Finnish flag when she was taken as a wai- prize by the New Zealand Government. - London Dally Mail.

Maritime lobsters are smaller bhan t-hey used to be, according bl) a report. rriade to. the Fisheries Research Board at. C-ltaiva by Dr. A. W. H. Necdler. director of the St. Andrews biological station. The reason ls. he explained. that. flsli- ermen don't ivafl: for them Lo grow up, but. pounce on Llicm as soon as they are of legal size. l-le added that Increasing the elze of our f-a-r- famed lobsters ls s mere matter of regulation. At the moment, authorl- tales have this under consldcratfoii. Meanwhile. there ls no danger of the lobster fisheries being deplet- ed. Dr. Needler said. That. of course, ls good news for gourmets. But It's even better news for peo- ple who depend on crustaceans fol -i living. The economic valiic of lobsters is not. as well known their delicious flavor. But, ln rc- cent. years. annual returns from lobster flohlng have topped $5.000.- 000 ln New Brunswick alone. which makes them more important. than any other fish. Sardines are next, with the catch being worth around $3,000,000. - Saint. John Tols-

graph -Joumal

poaigolrlg, CHARLOTTETOWN

i

, PU BLIC FORUM

This column the dleculllon by corra- ondeuta of quest-Ions or Internal. Tho_ Charlottetown Guardian does not npeelar- lly endorse the oplnlon of correspondent!- I

fifi‘h'u'b'h'h'u\%'n'a'fi'k'H\i'lrl'ln'a'n'h FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT

ll open tn

STI‘. — llovlng just. the ordinary person's knowledge of fire fighting, I am perhaps in no position lu criticize. However. I feel I must. express the indignation of myself and others at. the lneffleoncy of the fire service in Charlottetown. I realize lt. is not. the fault o! the Firemen themselves. I know they are more or less volunteers and very poorly pLld. The blame lles with City autharites. I am sure they pay xva s for far less essen- fial services than fire fighting; surely in this modern age one does not expect. firemen la appear at a fire wilIlOLll. L‘ safety not. and ap- parently without. ladders. If we lied an effxc-lent. alarm system and a flre service on regular duty, then two lives could have been saved on Sunday mornlng. There seems to be no good reason wliy they weren't. saved and I hope this case nvlll rouse the citizens of Charlotte- town Into demanding that some- thlng be done by the responsible pas-flea to improve this Important. service,

After all, 1t could have been ariybodl/‘s home and children and as for we residents of Maple Hills. I dread to think what. could happen here before help reached us. I am. sir. etc.

JESSIE E. PUDSER

Maple Hills, P.E.I.

AMERICAN SOLDIER’! TIIBUTI

Slrz-My name doesn't. nutter. Just call me Joe Doe-Joe for G- I- Joe. soldier, and D00 101‘ 10ml Doe, civdlan, which I'm suviwml to be now. I mllhl bl any °"' ° sixteen million Americans who served In the armed forces durlni World War IL We're supposed to be civilians in a world N. Delve; but. as the late Webb lVllller used to say, there l: no peace. Bo Joe Doe ls more appropriate than John Doe, after all. . We hear a lot 01 l-llk nowadail about. helping the Germans. ‘he Italians, the Austrians-ell our late cnunies~as well as the Frelltih and other European peoples. Tllli. is fine. We should help them; tn fact. we must. But. I'm thlnklni. W0. o! another people-steadfast. some- what reserved and qulot. at times. but friendly once you get to know [nun-on whose already crowded little island more than three nillllon Americans were stationed at. one tme or another during World War II.

The British are a fine people, as those of us who lived emails them longest and hence know them best. will tesllfy. They. our alasesc friends and allies. need our help fn this bitter postwar winter of denial which faces them.

y‘; (wot-y. one of us Americans had lo put. up, cvcn for a brief period of time. with Lhc food short- ages and other privatlons which constitute the daily lot at the Brit- lsh and olllcr foragn peoples. we would tlien appreciate immeasur- ably more the abundance. the oom- fort. and indeed bhe luxury wiLh which even the poorest. of us ls blessed. As one American who was based for more than three years in England, I'd like to go back on a Friendship Trip (If ‘f could Lil-lard ‘ll and llvo rmong those people for n while. lo experience for my- self their postwar hardships. than loll America; from first-hand know- lodge what they're up against.-

I gm. Sir. etc. JOE DOE. P. f). Box 5032 Dallas. 'l‘oxas. U. S. A. . APPRECIATION FROM SPORTSMAN

Sir, ---- 'l'lis is soniolliliig lliul. I intended doing for 501116 time.

I wisll Lo compliment you on your splendid column “Hunter's Corner". It provides interesting reading; also it. keeps one posted on the increase and decrease of our wild Ifc as well ris the shoot- ing zillrl trapping seasons. You are doing a greur thing ln the interest of sport and the Increase of game.

Personally I am interested in two spoils, hunting and horserac- ‘mg. Therefore Hunter's Column and that of Col. MacKlnnon 1n Saturday's Guardian afford me great. pleasure and are always look- ed forward to.