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Plots-Mn na-xuuoa Hunks at for cumin Pius

ember mu lunar. at Lauri-onus Uaact :urea at almmmoe. Ito-2a.». u.» Albrrtoa Woo-old Noun-a.» a, lama-no NHLAjlu Antennas. unite to uu Mnol was T's-wt». on “4 “but! It. “NII\OI It) “at UNIJI pt. \aannnes I, Cam causal/non. panorama a: on no It I." abort-en II I'.I2.i an on cam one Pun-ea- and United Illl- $.10; on mum

PAGE 4 8.\fififi\'. psi—237155:

We Are Enthusiastic

The Provincial Department of Agriculture has been doing excel- lent work in promoting interest in the care and cultivation of our ls- land wtxxllands. This isaconserva- tion measure of growing importance. and deserving of everyencwrageo merit. As part of its program. the De- partment has now issued a must in- teresting and attractive booklet. en- titled "Native Trees of Prince Ed- ward Island. And The More (Tom- mon Woodland Shrubs." by J. F. Gaudet. B.Sc.I-‘. and W. .\l. Profttt. B.Sc.T-‘. officials have done an excellent joir-one calculated to interest our younger people par- ticularly and to make an indelible impression on their minds.

The booklet was written in or- der to fill a long-felt want for a guide to the subject dealt with. The descriptions are in non-technical language and are supplemented by line drawings of the leaves. twigs and seeds or fruit of each species of tree or shrub, placed opposite the textual material. which is concise but oomprvhensive. The drawings are on one-inch squared paper. wht'mver possible. so that pupils can reproduce them more easily and get a better idea of their form. The work is well indexed and is accompanied by a foreword from Premier Matheson. in which he em- phasizes the important role played by trees in the economy of the Pro- vince. not only because they furn- ish forest products. but also because they hold soil moisture. prevent erosion. provide a home for wild life and beautify the countryside.

it will be difficult for anyone to pick up tth attracuve brochure and not read it through with interest. enjoyment and profit. Arrangements are being made by the Department to have It distributed to every school in the Province. as well as to special groups and libraries. Girl Guides and Boy Scouts. Brownies and Wolf (Tuba. As a junior textbook it is perfect in its imaginative approach to the subject. but adults too can learn a great deal about our wood- land resources from Its pages.

(Since writing the above com- menu we have dipped into the book— let again. Usually this practice re sults in diminishing our enthusiasm for a work Under review; but in this case the result has been quite the reverse. Don't ask us for the loan of our copy! We are impassed more than ever by its style and content. and by its permanent value as an educational work. We venture to predict that demand for reprinting: will be Insistent from time to time. that not only every school but every pupil will want to possess a copy. that there will be requests from the mainland as well and that even- tually it will take its place as a clas- sic of Its kind throughout Canada.)

Trade Policies Again finance Minister Fleming told reporters in Paris. after he had dis- cussed economic matters with the British Chancellor of the Ex- chequer. that Canada is "t‘OlX‘t'l'nt‘d and deeply interested" in what hap- pens in the dispute over trade bar- riers between the G-nation Common Market and the remaining eleven countries of Western Europe. lie added that “any agreement should ; be in the framework of the restrict

’ ions and safeguards which Canada

‘ has advocated be built into the idea of a European free trade area". Th 8 Canadian Government's “concern” in European trade nego« tiations is reasonable enough; for, of course. whichever way the nego- ‘tiations end. Canada’s export trade is bound to be affected one way or the other. We do not see. however, that Canada is in a position to dic- tate or even influence greatly the

nan—

{g i

l l

i i . i

outcome of the dispute between Britain, on the one hand, and the Common Market countries led by France. on the other. Mr. Fleming

may as well get. used to the idea i turn» .\'o. L.

tnat nt’lfllf‘f' the common .‘lflf'Kf‘f,

which ;;n s lll'i cffu‘t Jun 1. l‘uIr the prigvthl from trade Ul‘.‘.tl‘.lz.t' tiutt. l5 uthrI-tl to licztnftt North

American mph-ts. It is purely an arrangement to make Western Europe more economically tn~ dependcnt than it has been hitherto. if. at the same tune. it can be of indirect benefit to Canada. well and good: but that certainly is not its primary objective.

The Canadian Government miss- ed a fine opportunity to expand its export trade with Britain and West- ern Europe when it turned down, seemingly without giving it the slightest consideration. Britain's of- fer of {HP trade a year or so ago It may have had its weaknesses. from the (martian viewpoint; but we do think it deserved something better than the negative response it received at Ottawa. Careful con- sideration might have led to a satisfactory compromise between the two views.

In any event. it Is unreasonable for the Canadian Government to expect Britain and Western Europe to liberalize their trade policies re- specting imports from this country.‘ unless we are prepared to do some thing substantial in return.

Farm Credit

One of the problems which we trust will be dealt with when the Legislature meets is the pressing matter of farm credit. Most provin- ces have schemes of this kind in effect. and in none is the need greater than in Princ: Edward Is- land. As a means of keeping our younger people at home. of en- couraging their ambition and pre- venting depletion of our agricul- tural resources. it would justify the expenditure many, times over. Nor Is it likdy that there would be any great drain on the treasury. for experience In other Province has shown that farmers qualifying un- der the scheme are conscientious in making repayments.

Last month the Manitoba Legis- lature enacted new farm credit legislation which Indicates the con- fidence felt In the scheme as a re- medial mcasure. The new law puts no limit on the total amount which may be lent. but more than $25,000 is to be loaned to any one applicant. Loans will be made on security of land mortgage. chattel mortgage. or both. or even on a lien note. Sub— ject to giving security. borrowers may get money for any bona fide farm purpOSe. Loans shall not ex- ceed 63 per cent of the appraised value of the security. interest on the loans is to be fixed by regula- tion to be "as nearly as may be practicable. but shall not be more than" 1 per cent above the provin- cial borrowing rate. The plan will be carried out under the Manitoba Agricultural Credit Corporation which will be mn by five directors. two of whom will be representatives of farm organizations.

In this Province a beginning might be made on a less ambitious scale. The thing is to get started. Opposition members in the House have frequently urged such a mea- sure. so there is no question as to the support it would receive from that quarter. And we believe it would i‘e unanimously Illtit)l\f‘(I by

the electors. i

EDITORIAL NOTES i

It is not Considered good form these days to refer to the (Tommon- wealth as the "British" Common- wealth. It is presumed that the Asia- tic members don't like it. Yet. on his tour the Prime Minister made fre‘ quent u~e of the term. apparently without giving offence. It may be that the Indiana. the Pakistanis and the others. having gotten over the first flush of independence. have come to realize that their years of ap- prenticeship under British guidance were not entirely without benefit.

New grade standards for potatoes grown in Ontari » have been announc- ed. the idea being to provide more uniformity in size and quality and to

permit more attractive packaging. The grades are as follows: Ontario NO. I, 2" [0 315m diameter. with at least 75 per cent at 2*, ‘ or better. particularly suitable for 5, 10. 15. and 50 lb. Containers. Ontario .\'n. 1 large. over 3‘1". for french frying. halting anti other special uses. (lutario No. 1 small. 153," to "’ ;" to facilitate pack- aging and washing. suitable for .3 and ft) lb. trausparctit Imp. Hindi}. (t ..

\

SATU RATIO

.L

\

N POINT

Communes &

By David Row-free ('anadiaa Press Staff Writer

The architects cf Commun.st Chin's great serial revclution— the dtvisnn of the popula'. ca into comm mes are but; fi-rc'. to delay extras 1n of the scheme to large c..:cs

The commune svszem menu the en] t.’ p‘;v'te ownership. In the ccuatry. 13:1. farm trots and l.ves:cck beccme the commen property of the peasantry. Excn the houses cf the peasants are not retained: The people live in

rge housin: blocks. where :a'- in;. wasting and relaxing aze done in company with hundreds of others,

About 23.000 of these co-opcra- tive farm; are bathan to saw bcen formed szncc last summer. A commune ron'atns anywhe'e from 5.000 to 20.000 families. ac- cord at to one rep rt. EXPERIENCE NEEDED i

Eveniuelly. the aim is to make each crmmune at sri'-uific.cnt as possible in’llli"'(‘s arri bus.- Mtsf‘x se-xiaz the farming areas rill he a‘withcd V

The ('illl‘lt‘tc (‘rnmtumsuparty Innzunerd Thurwliy that ii would i go slow in turazn: the larzc' cities Ir!) command

"Pt‘f‘pit"s cum-tribes should be HUMAIICTi rn a larzc sca‘e ti cites only after rzi-fi (“.f)f‘fl£liC2 has been gained and sceptics and doubters crammed." said the text cf a party reso'ufion. LANDOWNING CIASS

That mun be taken in nie:n that the communes are being ad up over protests, Wlicn the prep- erty of the :reat landio:ds was divided among the pcasaru in 1949. m.ll.o*< of farm laborers became landowners for tnc 1:75: time :n ther l.vc\.

Thty may be unhappy snout

PUBLIC FORUM

Tall column is open In the dune

In. by hm'W‘NMl‘ of arsenic- L.

Interest Tu (.uurrfln tors not Lean-

unly endorse the opinion cf corrrs [iv-orient!

DA l'linlfT Ti.“ H

Sir There seems to be con- Ilfi".'.'\"i" mat: xier~:.ind;"..: 83):.ul Day .‘i‘ T.m.~ Many thrk or wnid rate us to h:‘..:\c we arc‘ the m'v povnce flirt h‘s Stanvi (la—d T131“ "rm yt-a’ r turd

it “As p':.:'\ :‘ tnici out :n la“. week’s Iv'erie'a'mn new; let-'

ter 1'.“ t-r‘v t‘.‘ p“(‘.'l?‘C(‘ Kc:- iv'a'. i .’ .- l);.;.'. -‘i' Tma 834(-‘ a' '1 -'\.|’i. .\:be:"a and .‘rian::o‘ia.i “3‘. "1'3 ex‘i‘p :i r" “Ianp‘;

staiei on S'a'wla'd Time. tnid lh‘t Wind-or. quzte an ill- d‘.l»"..l' c.'.). d.d.'t‘t change thczr click. but "went to work an hau.’ ea-' .‘T.

Thus:

lern

who are a:t'a‘tr.g for Day‘:glit T'Y‘." are ha'ktr: up. the “To”: ire: ff thry uart to. go to work an hwu.’ carter they shouid pctzlzon thezr emplcye'=. not the Governmen'. We in tine country often would appreciate it for sometimes we have to wait for buttress fzrms to open. esaetxa'fly ;n how t:rnes

We certa1nly do not want 'o mil another fl"l“ to cu.“ aircady :» 13:: da'. l' ‘ efzen '.\o it ‘2 ta "ta morn-.211“ m: '2 e '1"

Transit are no'. S~'\’:?‘.’: .’-r Dav. li~..‘:t Time. .\lar_\ of them d at have to <1i;.’: t‘ic .- uatfs Tit s cantznziai a't'aiztn :t rer'ainiy not :mprc-v.ng the reia‘..ons c.’ the farmer‘ a--d :‘te flirtsman

-1".

We farmers are pret'v by tmes and i thank they should

(o'eratz'

‘stt ‘ .s. ii.i-

_ .ato

Communism

giving the land back to the suite but there is no oppositicn taa: outsiders can detect. Some 0‘)- servera report that in the yea" 'hat small farmers owned t‘r::r farms. they were better- of t‘na ever before and indicatens art- ‘hat they are faring no worse under the commune sys‘rm. Stalin tried to introduce the communal life to rural Bus-i: after the revolution. It dd .tot work because of peasant opposi- 'ion. Ever since. workers on co‘- lective farms have been allowed

to own small plots and sell the produce from them privately. MOSCOW (00!.

Ch.na's a?parent success with ccmmunes br.n:s no praue from Moscow. liu'rrt Humphrey. the United States senatcr who talk:d '"zth Nikita Khrushchev in o weekr no. is reported to have asked the Russlzn leader if he p'anned to follow China‘s exam- pie.

"No." Khrushchev replied. "the commune system is not approp- riate f‘r Russia tcd.y." It is “actually re::t.cr.ary." he added.

The Ch nere communes m be» ycnd what S:al.n tried. They are closer to "azrotrw'ns." combin- Ing farmmz and industry.

Firmness On Berlin

Christi-I Sdelce Monitor

The American State Depart- mnt has sumer up well what President Eisenhower and Seen-28y Dulles have been my ing In reply m the alumna o’ Soviet Premier Khrushchev and the Tau news agency about Ber-i lin. It says: ‘

The Umrcd States. which has made no threats. will not be do ten-ed by ascents from defending its rizhta and discharging Its. responsibilities to the 2" mili.on free people in West Berlin.

This Is exactly the attitude to ‘akc. We fully anticipa‘e that its tone will be matched in the meeting of Western foreign min- l lstm preceding the NATO Coun- V cl] session in Paris and that the assurance of support to West‘

l Berlin will be voiced by the en-

tire Atlanzic alliance. MENACING NOTE

ft is true that there is “a note of menace" both In the Tarts stateroom about tanks and 'in Mr. Khrushchev’s telegraphx in- terview will a Munich newspap- er. So is there in the anonymous I letters West Berliners have been receiving and in past-rs stuck on some of their houses.

lt behooves people in do free world to read carefully and anal. ' ytically what the Russian ('om- munrsts are sayln: short a threatentn: takeover of w e st Berlin and to face grimly titer posd’rilities inherent in it. Mos- cow does not hesi‘a'e to use in. timtdatien. but this must he met with coal rcsoluieness.

Officially Premier Khrushe'ievt has been care'ul in what he dm' clares the Soviet Union will (I.).'t lie has committed his govern-i cnt only to turn over to the puppet East German regime the functions exercised bv the S-yvu let Union with resp‘c'. la llerlm. And he has allvwnd six months In firm to do this.

I Foreizn Secre‘ary Selwyn Llcyd

’ poral on reumfica'ion

Six months is a considerable. time within which the Sovltt‘ can materially alter its tone lf' Wes'crn resistance is uni led and adunant. Nevertheleu. if M cow docs what it says it will do. it cannot turn over to the Ea! Berlin Communist clique what it doc: not mums - a r.':ht to shut off supplies from West Beta" Iin. -

This lack of right would not: deter the Communists. of course; from trying to block t’ie reads and airlanes from West Germany if the slightest waverin: on the part of the West s‘iould encour-l age them to believe they could. The West should be prepared toi escort its air carzo planes and. even establish road convoys H necessary.

It would then be up to the Kremlin to decide whether it would regard defence of those ‘Ights as in Invasion of East lermany. Meanwhile many dip- wmatic moves undoubtedly will re made. sttot‘LD BE REJECTED

First. there is the answer to be then by the Unird States. Britain and France to Premier Khnislitiicy‘s propcsal for a dis- anncd Berlin. Probably Chan- cf‘iizir .\rlcrauer cf West Ger- many is rrziil that the reply in this -.'iou!d be a not rejec ion unconnected w. h anything else.

However, there Is also value in the ini'iattvc taken by Brifls'i

to pft‘zs Mos:- w for talks on fiermm rezintfteau n and free electrons This is seconded by; Erich Ollrn'ia'ier. Germ .i Spool Democratic Party leader. it has a'rcadv put Premier Kin: fi- chev on the defzmive. The B": Three ffif'f‘i’lf'l ministers should ftllmv their rejectirn of the Ber- lin n'tte w;:h an affirmative pm

South America’s Guoiiros

National Geographic Society

Les. than 100 miles from Vent e:uela's modern oil port of Man, aealbo. I grcup of South Ameri-'

can indians cling to a wav of. hfe little changed since the Span- sh Conquest.

Their home is the arid, :nho!‘ 1;:able Guajtra Peninsula, ju' . the Caribbean from

continent's northw est shoulder h -.

The penzmuia mo«'.‘v 21‘." l Calcmbia. from u': .Zsted by rugged n' "rt snezzieia holds a small neck of ind and caas‘:1 str.p Bll'. the iilJilTOs of both countlres a'c ~i::cd in an anuent tubal )‘J- a'y the: :r virtually auton'm .is a social and political OT;83‘..’I-‘

:(

ARABS of" THF‘. WEST The Gaajtrcs are smart 1.. n.‘- dzum in me. with coat-beta an: 1.1.1 rapper-tci- red skin that ruzzs 'a lzgh'er shades among ihr‘ up- Tht: total piupufatxa. .'.'i many : been es‘.:m‘i’t-l .t..j.~ 17,0 (1' | ":t' pt-In'.) o' .ljl'."') '."‘.e 155031: r." a": ' ‘ V .‘l :1“— '

‘3' t‘:.'l~.~

irvrkra .2 s ’35.

3:51» it etc .'.‘.:rr 3)"? to

f‘.

tr

. 'o‘)»‘.er,

vid‘ more water for the Indians.

hoard their cattle. depending for meat on gratx. sheep. and pigs.

Small game. wi'd seals. and . the pu'p azd fru;‘. of thorny n'aa‘s supp‘cm“:‘. the diet Fzsh.

and c'a‘H are hunted! the (2-3.: A few tribes. e Zed in rare pockets of fern!- cult.vate crcps

(latile chiefs occasi'inally vis-

'. c.1tt-s ou'< Te the p?il$l-'.l‘.ll. A in all-ueafih: rral f.- m hi3:- grain is cxpct'i’x‘l fzr-t to en. muraz.‘ tun way mirzatz'n. I:l‘fl,

atexation mil". the rest of the Hunt'y 8.1?! (f Irm') a and \‘c1- :ue‘a have bezu'r d::z.ng wells and 1351133; '-t.ndrn".'.s to pro-

Snme tiuajires already meak' “papal”. Th. uz'a their lzves are 1-:m.'..\e 2hr}. shit ...ir.t w.th ).'-\a and arr-rash they are not tiujizd

The starv is tad of a Coiom- i;.:i ;t'1(~...'. o;:'. tn rest ’2 "-a - .‘Iflii'i; . t'hcs lie ‘.t"'i'.". fl 1- 1’32" h '..‘"t—H (")‘P‘ a roar! of c‘ri«-'~ he to 1317"“ ‘1‘!“ be re-

- rye and luftlh; it

\ tl"tl ~ .-"’.c 7'}. an o'ti chi-f sptke *e nae—a! re-wa' the eye?

s -:'.' ft-ir

w:

. .. 31:". .t N. Tires: “3-: ‘. 'i .in‘.tl:\' ivt‘irtzxrtu. " t t. " “;.:n '3.

ha... a.u ilila I'A owni

Eyes Provide Own Defenses

By llrrm.” .\'. Bundesen. .‘I. D.

YOU MAY be one cf the] bravest perscns on this ca rt h; but. techniully. you find your- self crying a great deal. I

Tears. you .2e. are constantly being supplzed to your eyes in} mznute quantities. They help wash the outer surfaces of be eyes and their salty. antiseptic qualities help prevent infection. quasi-:3 EYES

You know how irritating sub - stances such as dust or smoke make tears come to your eyes. This "flooding" process helps sweep away the foreign matter. thus cleansing the eyes.

When you are out ir co‘d wea- ther or in a strong wind your eyes will tear excessively. in this instance. It Is done automatt. rally to provide enough warm moisture for the outer rye.

THIN FLUID All of us blink. of course. gen- erally between three and six

times every minute.

Each time the lids snap shot. a thin cleansing fluid is spread over the eye. Not only does this keep the eye clean. but also i h e moistentpg process prevents fric- lien between the eyes and .the lids.

Nature has provided protee - tion for your eyes in other ways. too

CLOSE QUICKLY t

Your eyelids. for exemplar close instantly by reflex action. at the first sight or sound of. danger. nying objects. brieht. lights and loud noises all will nuke your eyelids cloae automat. lully.

in fact. the surface of the eye ls so delicate and so sensitive that the tiniest particle striking it is felt instantly. The lids close immediately In an effort to wipe away the source of the irritation.

The eyelashes also have a spec- ific protective function. By curl- ing upward and dmrnward they catch particles that may fall ln~ to the eye from above or fly into it from below.

A PIO‘EC‘TION

And then. too. the eyes occupy a recescd position in the head. This offers considerable protec- tion.

Yet, despite all that nature does to safeguard your eyes. sometimes they are assaulted by foreign bodles. Whether this is a piece of dirt. a piece of iron or anything else. it might cause so were inflammation. pain and pos- sibly permanent damage.