a, *

ae

a i ee

————eEEe ae

oo a ac

=

\ 4 . ‘

pS

———

Tue Dany EXAMINER.

FEBRUARY 20, USso 4

er

CITY GAS WORKS.

Recent Improvements — Buildings and Apparatus Renewed.

HOW GAS 18 OBTAINED FROM COAL.

Crrizzns cannot fail the greatly improved appearance of the City Gas Works. A high substantial fence has been erected around them ; a new house has been provided for the new gas holder ; the old buildings have been repaired ; the

to have noticed

whole establishinent has been fresh paint-|

ed. Inawerd, the Gas Works have been renewed.

Nor can those of gas, have failed to remark how much beiter the gas has lately been, not only in quality, but also in the way it is supplied. The satisfactory change is due to the improved apparatus with which the works have re- Let us take a look

cently bean provided. has beon

at the Gas Works and see what done. While we are doing so we may, per: hapa, gain a clearer idea than we now pos- sess of the extremely interesting process by which the hard, heavy, black lumps of coal furnish tho elastic aeriform fluid which is conveyed through our stroets, and brought into our shops and houses, and (ia the ab- sence of the sun) gives us light.

As we enter the gate, we note the

long building, skirting the southern boundary, in which a large quan- tity of coal is every yaar stored,

and in compartments of which, the black- smiths and gas-fitters of the * Works” per- form the dnties required of them; and, passing the immense heap of cvke in the yard, ge directly to the ROTORT HOUSE.

We may, however, remark, in general terms, that the series of operations con- nected with the preparation of gas em- braces the several processes of ‘‘ distilla- tion,” ‘‘ condensation,” ‘‘purifieation,” and “storing.” Now, the Retort House is de- voted to “‘distillation”—the coal from which the gas is to be distilled being brought from the storshouse before noted. Imagine « huge fireplace, or furnace, such as is seen under a large steam boiler, with three, four or five ‘‘retorts” or ovens pass- ing horizontiaily through it, and = sur- reunded by an intensely hot fire. These vetorts are in shape like a D, and are placed with the flat side down. They are made of fire clay, and are, of course, im- perious to the flames of the furnace. The eoal from which the gas is to be extracted is thrown from a wheelbarrow into them, and then they are sealed up tight. The fire, which plays freely ail round the ‘* retorts,” soon disimtegrates the coal, or, in other words, separates the elements of which it is composed. When this is fully accomplished, the ‘‘ coke” is taken away to the yard and more cval supplied. The gases, tar, sulphur, etc., as they are let loose pass off through pipes leading from the re- terts into the ‘“‘hydraulic main” —a large tu- bular cast-iron pipe—closed up tight at one end-—placed horizontisaily along the whole length of the ‘‘ retort heuse.” Formerly, this “‘ hydraulic main” was laid upon the brick work a: the top of the furnaces ; but it was found that the expansion of the

bricks by the heat, avd their conse- quent movement, made it difficult to keep the ‘‘hydraulic main” from leaking. A lance shows that all this has

been changed. Tho old furnaces have been replaced by new ones, new retorts have been put in, new pipes have been sup- plied, and tho new hydraulic main rests upon cast iron columns, and is quite indo- pendent of tae brick work and the furnaces, There are a present three new furnaces for five ratocvts each, and one new furnace for three reterts: A new steam made by Moasrs. McKinnon & McLean— furnishes the steam by which the building

is heated.

boiler—

CONDENSING.

The elements of coal which pass from the retorts tu the “‘ hydraulic main ” course exceedingly hot. But as they cool down the heavier onea separate from those which are lighter, and are deposited.. The ebject of «ondenaing is to cause them to separate quickly ; and for this purpose they are carried from the hydraulic main and caused te travel through a great extent of pipes surroanded by cold water and winding through it like the worm of a still. During this operation the ‘‘tar,” which is one of the component parts of coal, condenses, sub- sides, and falls through a pipe fitted for the purpose into «tank prepared for it in the basement of the building. The lighter parts pass on ty

THE PURIFIERS, to bo relieved of the ammonia, sulphuretted hydrodgen, and carbonic acid. This is ac- complishel by passing them successively through preparations of lime, etc.; by which the inapurities named above are sb-

are of

the citizens, who use}

northwest corner of the building; but the Gas Company will ultimately include in |

‘lit the large room formerly occupied by the |

lold gas holder, and put in condeasing and | |purifying appliances of the latest inven-| ‘tions. Whenthis is done the purifying) }room will be one of the largest and best in | ) the Maritime Provinces ; and the quality |

° } eet © wb In ant | of the gas will, no doubt, be still further | improved. | ' “2 . tnnunial | | From the purifiers the gas is conveyed, |

| the}

THE GASHOLDER. Per as itit for use, to the new gas holder, 1n | > ° ; ‘ ry rae | lnorthwest corner of the grounds. The gas!

. . ’ rei taing = '\holder is inclosed in an octagon D ilding

| with a high,

es a nM, » |

‘diameter and twenty-five feet post. rhe troof is a marvel of simplicity and strengta

There is but one span of sixty feet, sup-

. ara 7

ported by truss work > and radial bars oi oma aa

iron run from the rafters and the wall plate,

to what is called a ‘“‘king post” in tho . 4 b

centre. Every bar is a brace ; and the : . a ee ey sin ai

roof is held firm, let the wind blow never so

tas ‘ee

strengly. The building is heated by means of steam pipes ranaing entirely . : aw Ww S Sh cp hraa

round it. A huge cast iron tank, fifty-three}

feet in diameter and twenty-one feet deep,

strengthened by five largo wrougat Iron hoops or girders, is kept nearly fuil of iimmense

water. and in this tank, like an

' } y tub, or bucket, or boll, turned bottom Up, |

! | | | } ; |

It is fifty two feet in and is

the gas-helder floats. diameter and twenty feet deep ; capable of holding, at one time, forty-twe thousand feet of gas. It is kept in position by means of chain girders and balance weights, which connect with it, and pass over cast iron colamns resting on brick piers built from the foundation and run- ning up to a height of twenty-two feet. As the gas comes from the purifiers into it | it rises up; as it goes out into the town it sinks. So that no matter what quantity of gas is in it the pressure remains the same. When gas it required in the town, itis al- lowed to pass ont of the holder threugh “THE GOVERNOR.’ Now this is ona ef the most ingenious contrivances about the works. At different times in the night different quantities of gas are used; and every one must in olden times have observed that if a number cf lights in a room were suddenly turned off, the remaining lights, owing to the concen- tration of the pressure of gas upon them, would flare and make a spluttering noise. After the house lights were turned off it was formerly necessary to partially turn off the gas at the main pipe, in order to re- duce its the street lights. [he governor affords a remely for this. It controls the pressure of gas along the

pressure upon

whole course of the pipes, from the gas

holder tothe point of cousumption. Can we describe it. Letus try. First there ig a small cylindrical case, partially filled with water. A pipe leads from the gis holder into this cxse till it comes to a point above the water line. Another pipe leads froin above the water line in the case tothe main pipe, whence the gisis distributed over the town. At the ond of the first pipe there is a valve through which the gas must pass. A bell or miniature gas holder is. placed on the water and makes a gas proof space over it. This bell or holder accommodates itself t» the varying pressure of the gas. As the lights in the town are shut off, the pres- sure becomes heavier, raises the bell, which, as it rises, closes the valve and so reduces the quantity of gas passing inte the main pipes leading to the streets. ; MESSRS. BURRELL This firm deserve great credit for the workmanlike manner in which they made

Their contract involved an expenditure, on the

JOHSTON & co.

the improvements to the works.

part of the Gas Company of over $20,000; and the company are, we learn, exceedingly woll pleased with the work done,

THE DIRECTORS.

Before leaving the Gas Works we cannot help remarking that the Directors of the Company have acted with rare good judg- ment in the matter of renewing their estab- lishment. They had the work dono at a time when it could be done at the cheapest rates, and when nen were mostin need of einployment and money—thus benefiting tha Company and the community. They selected a Canadian firm to do the work, in preference to getting persons in England or! foreign countries to doit; and the way in which the improvements have been made has amply vindicated their choice. The Gas Company have, like other persons and institutions, had their ups and downs. They were Incorporated in 1853--a. Mr. McAuns- land being manager of the Works. For the first few years it seemed that their ven- ture must end in failure. When the pres- eat manager—Mr. Murphy, took charge, the Company’s stock was literally worth nothing. The commercially-disastrous years of 1857 and 1858 followed. If there had net been pluck, and perseverance, and faith , in the directorate the Company must have suspended. Gradually the prospects grew brighter. By degrees the stock increased in value, until now it is considered one of

the best and safest investments in the Pro-. vince. ri

[AT Jon

i mm

conical roof- sixty feet mi

Tha ills

a iia ~ t = =< 0 ©) 9 @

This Rvening, at 8 O'clock,

WITHOUT RESERVE, 2 first-class Sewing Machines will be otfered. imay be expected. W. D. STEWART, Auctioneer,

Creat Larcatt rA Cae Wel pce

IsSO—11

Feb. 2),

r »* aed YA ~~ 4 q° (g aoe . *. The Harly Stages of Caristan- ° 4 . ee "

ity in Eneland.

VEY. DR. OBRIEN, DBD. BD., will R celiver a Lecture in the

MARKET HALL, Wad

jesday vening, Feb, 28,

1 The

Marly Stages of Christianity in England.”

en at 7.30 p. m.; Reserved seats

Lesture at Sp. m. 20 cents; un-

Docrs o7

Aclinission

| reserved, 10 cents.

As the proceeds of the Lecture will be piven for the relief of the poor, the patronage of the publi: is respectfully sclicited.

P. R. BOWERS, secretary St. Vincent de Paul's Society.

Fel), 20, 1880—f m tu, ali papers

ee A

Hike. Hake. Hake, Sif) QUINTALS very superior WHITE e) JU HAKE, pickled cured, equal to Cod- for sale low for cash. .

B. WILSON HIGGS, 02 Queen Street. Charlottetown, Feb. 20, 1880—2w diaw

RE-OPENED! McKAY’S Watch & Jewelry Store,

NQ, 57, GREAT GEONGE STACET, OPPOSITE WALKER'S GORHER,

fish.

Rencidlien Neatly Done. ALL WORK WARRANTED.

Feb. 20, 1880--3w 2aw

‘Bank of P. B Island,

a ce Annual Meeting of the Stockholders ofthis Bank will be held at their Banking House, in Charlottetown. on TUESDAY, the second day of March next, at 12 o’c!ock, noon, for the purpose of electing Directors for the enzuinyg year, anil the transaction of such other business as may be laid before them,

Proxies for voting must be left with the Cashier at least one day previous to the meeting.

J. R. BRECKEN, Cashier. ‘Oharlettetown, Feb. 20, 1850.

liesting oi Parliament.

ST. JAMES’ AianK

BAZAAR!

S. Ladies in connection with St. James’ Kirk will hold a Bazaar for the

Sale of Fancy and Useful Articles,

A Tea and Refreshment Table, ; On the 4th March Next, MARKET HALL.

The proceeds to be applied to the liquida- tion of the debt on the Church edifice,

ANUARY! 1880.

First Arrival this Year,

We have just received, ex Str. “Northern Light,” several cases of

NEW GO0008

New Black Silk Velvets, New Colored Silk Velvets, New Colored Satins, New Black Satins, New Black Velveteens

Frillings, Edgings and Laces.

NEW LAGE CURTAINS.

Berlin Wool and Yarns,

Wool Damasks, Fringes and Curtain Holders.

SPECIAL.

The remainder of our

Fur Goods, Ladies’ Cloth Jackets, Ladies’ Ulsters, Knitted Wool Goods, ald Blankets, |

Doors open at 2 o’clock, p. m. i Admission-—Adulte, 20 cents: children, | lalf-price. Tickets to be had at the Drug | stores of W. R. Waison, Dr. Dodd, C. D. Raukin, and at the deor. . PresipeNY ~-Mra, McLennan. Commiiree-—Mrs, McPherson, Mrs. Long- worth, Mrs. A. Keunedy, Mrs. Stirling. Mra. word, Mrs. Dunn, Mrs. MeLaren, Mrs. A. Murray, Mrs. Cavanagh, Mrs. Rankin, Mrs. ?. W. Hyndman, Mrs. Mackieson, Miss Jwen, Mrs. Maleolm McLeod. T. A: STEWART, Secretary.

Feb. 19, 1880.

a i tt

VALUABLE PROPERTY

TPE Subscriber offers for Sale all that’ Valuable Property situated on corner of Grofton and West streets, and comprising | Town Lots Nos. 15 and 16 in the third! hundred of Town Lots in Charlottetown. | Also, that Property on Kent Street, consisting | of Town Lots Nos. 67 and one-half of 66, also. in the third hundred. This property is a. most desirable one for private residences, and! will be sold low. If not disposed of by private { sale, it will be offered at Auction about Joos Ist, next. Offers for part of the property will | be received. For further particulars opply to | Messrs. Davies & SuTHERLAND, or to the. subscriber,

F. MITCHELL, Ch’town, Feb. 19, 1880—2aw Trustee.

—WILL BE SOLD AT A—

BIG DISCOUNT,

In order to clear them out

before the season is over.

Cash customers in want of any otf the above Goods will save money by giving us a call.

ius & Sterns

f

= i e _

CAUTION.

FFX public are hereby cautioned not tg

pay to any person except the under. signed, debts due to the firm of McKinnon, Fraser & Co.

WILLIAM JOHN FRASER, Feb, 19, 1850,

Canadian Pacific Railway,

~_——

TEXENDERS for a second 100 miles section

West or Rep River will be received by the undersigned until ndon on MONDAY the 29th of March next. :

The section will extend from the end of the 48th Contract—near the western bound Manitoba—to a point on the weat side of the valley of Bird-tail Creek.

Tenders must be on the printed torm, whi with all other information, may be had at the Pacific Railway Engineer’s Offices, in Ottawa and Winnipeg, on and after the Ist day of March next.

By Order, F, BRAUN, Secretary, Derr. or Raitways & Canats, } [fe 1

Ottawa, llth February, 1880. { till 27 mar,

LECTURE, — MR. E. J. HODGSON

Has consented to deliver his Lecture upon FRANCIS OF ASSISI,

---ON-—

Tuesday, 24th February Nert,

—_ an

St. Peter’s Schoolroom,

AT RIGHT @’CLOCK,

Admission 15 cents. Tickets for cdmiatien ean be obtained at W. R. Watson's. Feb. 18, 1880.

eS RN, eee eases

APPLES.

100 BARRELS BALDWINS & RUS. SETTS. CARVELL BROS,

ee ee enna ener

THA. 17

CHESTS, } Strong and Excel.

55 half-chests, | Jent flavor. Molasses.

CARVELL BROS py’ PUNS.

20 Bbis.

; Bright Molasses. CARVELL BROS,

— a anias

SUGAR.

é PACKAGES (Hhds. and Bbls.) White Granulated, Bright Porto Rico, Barbadoes, Cuba. CARVELL BROS, Feb 18, 1880~2w ws

PEA SOUP.

REPARED with Pea Flour and seasoned

and flavored with the finest herbs and seasonings, to which is added Liebigs’ Brtract of Meat, making one of the most nutritious dishes that can be obtained.

A 25 cent Tin will make 3 quarts of thick Soup. For sale at

BEER & GOFF'S.

Feb. 18, 1880.

GOLDEN SYRUP.

Very Choice. 8 CTS. PER POUND,

-~AT—.

BEER & GOFFS,

Jan. 13, 1880,

Labrador Herring.

genera CATCH OF 1879. }

Smoked Salmon,

Salt Trout, Herring, ‘« Shad, ‘* Halibut, ‘* Mackerel.

At HALL’S FISH MARKET. Feb. 18, 1880—tf

—

Sole Leather.

700 SIDES LOGAN’S BEST, 50 Sides “9 No. 2. CARVELL BROS.

ta te ee ——s

Valuable Property for Sale,

HAT FARM lately owned by John and Peter Meikle, situate on t 23, is Queen’s County.

For further particulars apply at the office of Messrs. Hopason & McLeop, Charlotte town.

Jan. 9, 1880—eod

Valuable , Pyperty for Sale

LD, all that of Town Lot Ne. ,

first eed. — ia

: having a front of 67 fee .

chester Stred “7 Sining back 80 feet, tos ereon erec

icu apply to Messrs.

on a

Jonuasy 6, 1980,