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PAGE 4 THURSDAY. JULY 24, 1958.

ll . , \\ Face To Face

Prime Minister \ Macmillan’s' pro~ posal for a “face to face” summit con- ference within the United ~Nations Security Council on the Middle East crisis has given the West its first propaganda lead since the unfortu- ate trouble in ,Lebanon began. It has been accepted at Moscow on condition that Prime Minister Nehru and rep- resentatives of the Arab States at- tend. The Soviet objection previously raised—-—against the i‘mechanical ma- jority” held by the Western powers in the Security Council—Ewas cleverly forestalled in Mr. Macmillan’s note, when he said the meeting should seek only to discuss the problem, and not vote on any specific resolution unless the major powers agreed on it in ad- vance. ’ .

Premier Khrushchev had called 0 Tuesday for a meeting Of himself, President Eisenhower, Prime Minis- ter Macmillan, Premier de Gaulle and Prime Minister Nehru of India. He also included UN. Secretary-General Hammarskjold, but otherwise ignor- ed the United Nations completely. His call had all the earmarks of a major propaganda gesture. It was full of crude boasting of Soviet military strength; it contained abusive refer- ence to American and British moves to support Lebanon and Jordan, and its reference to “the guns beginning to fire” Was seen as an open bid to stir up war. It avoided oneroadblock, however, in that it did not attempt to bring Communist China into the five- power council. The presence. of India was certainly more acceptable than China to the free powers ‘MoreOVer, India has a direct. stake'in whatever happens on its line Of communication and supplyyvith ‘Western Europe.

At Washington, reaction to the SO- viet proposal was hostile. But the Bri- tish genius for. compromise was seen in the different approach made by Mr. Macmillan. Both countries well understood that Khruscbey’s purposie in asking such ameeting whit. to ex; ploit‘ an, opportunity for making speeches against the West; but why should that be a deterrent? Why shouldn’t a summit meeting be a pro- paganda advantage for .the "West? Where and how could the free pow- ers find a better opportunity to ex- plain their peaceful policies to the world? Why must it always be as- sumed that the Russians would run aWay with the show? A, These thoughts must have been w in the British Prime. Minister’s mind

when he drafted his masterly reply— 1

firm, restrained, and constructive, in .marked contrast to Khruschev’s bel- licose letter.’ He had scored already in so doing, and in stressing his readi- ness to meet the Soviet leader “fa e to face”. “I was glad to see,” he said, “that in your message you referred, with marked disapproval, to the idea of ‘circumventing the United Na‘ tions’.” Thgn why do so? Special pro- 'vision is made in the UN. Charter for high-level meetings of Security Council members; and here was an "opportunity of, keeping the issues Within the U.N. framework. This is what the Soviet Government has now agreed to do.

We note with satisfaction that Prime Minister Diefenbaker was prompt in throwing Canada’s support behind the Macmillan reply. There is

no question but that he will have

Parliament 100 per centvbehind him in this case.

Desert Sewmg Schools

It is cheering to report some good news from the Middle East, and we take this item thankfully from a recent UNESCO bulletin:

In ,a camp for refugees near Khan Yunls, in the Gaza strip, the construction of a small building is being eagerly watched by women and girls. The building is the new Sewing Centre where sixty Seam- stresses will be trained during the year. It is being paid for by the Un- ited Nations’ Association of Great Britain, which has contributed funds to meet expenses up till the end of June 1959. ,

Among ,the million refugees liv- ing in camps in Middle Eastern coun- tries, those in the Gaza strip (about 220,000) are probably the worst off.

It is nearly impossible for them to.

findg‘egular jobs. Most of them are

\

Wholly dependent upon the United Nations’ Relief and Works Agency for food, shelter, medical care and schooling. They want to learn a trade but, in the women’s case, the number of applications for the

,Agency’s Sewing Centres is nearly

five times as high as the number of places available.

There are now nine Sewing Cen- tres in. the Gaza strip. In each of them, thirty women and girls over school age are instructed in cutting and sewing. Each course lasts six months and classes are held six times a week. All materials are sup- plied by ‘UNRWA, and everything the girls make in the centres be- comes their own property.

Labour UnIOn Matters

A dispatch from Toronto reports that William Mills has been ousted as Secretary-Treasurer and business agent of the Toronto General Truck- ers’ Union and barred for life frpm holding office in the Union. All this was by order of James R. Hoffa, President of the International Bro- therhood of Teamsters, who noted that Mr. Mills “was not a fit person- to govern and conduct” the affairs of the local union.

Passing over the relative fitness of Mr. Mills and Mr. Hoffa to “govern and conduct” the affairs of any union, this incident emphasizes the, hold

‘which American labour officials have

on Canadian unions. There is a good deal of dissatisfaction about this in

Canada at the moment; and the mat-

ter has been brought before a, com- mittee of the Commons. Certainly, it is not a healtth state of affairs. It may be necessary—we are not sure of this—for Canadian. labour» unions to

' have affiliation with their American

counterparts; but there is no j ustifi- cation whatever for domination of. Canadian labour by foreign interests. If a particular official deserves to be

removed from office, it should be the

responsibility of Canadian officials, not of someone across the border.

west Indies FIeeI ‘ - 1

Opposition is’ developing in the Commons to the proposed sale of

_the C.N.R. Steamships’ West In-

dies fleet which has been idle for the

'last year "or so. It has been suggested

that, if' the ships cannot be operated without incurring heavy losses year after year, it would‘be a fine gesture

to turn them over to the West‘Indian . ' Federation under some sort of‘ lease

arrangement. They could then be Used in the, Canadian trade, since operating cests would be much low- er than if the ships remained under Canadian control. '

It sounds like a very good idea, provided it is definitely settled that Canada has no further use for the ships. It is incredible, however, that this country. cannot maintain eight small vessels.- With these gone, there will be no merchant fleet at all to speak of. It doesn’t seem right or Wise that we should be entirely dependent on other nations for our water-borne commerce.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The British have begun wOrk on

Fa “flying saucer” capable of carry-

ing two men into space and bringing them back to earth. It may be that, for all their boasting, the Russian will yet have to take second place in space travel.

' o 4 to

Canada’s role in the United Na- tions has been growing in importance for sometime. That is something to the country’s credit. It is something, too, that needs to be watched very carefully. It would never do for Can- adian officials to create the impres- sion that they were too eager to give arbitrary advice to governments bet- ter schooled in diplomatic skirmish- ing.

4 4 v. . People are funny, all right. The New York Herald Tribune tells a story of a shop in Pittsburg which tried to. give away 25 cent pieces. Only 6 of the 60 persons approached would take the money. Then, silver dollars were marked. down to 75 cents; but again customers were wary. One woman remarked: “These dollars are old; no wonder you have them on sale.” The manager thinks

, he will raise the price to $1.25, just

’to see What happens.

4 II- or t It will be a good thing for the ,C.C.F. and, we believe, for Canada, if Mr. M.J. Coldwell can be prevailed upon to stay on as leader for another two year term. Despite the hard treatment it received from the voters last March, the CCF still has a part to play in the political life of the country; and it would be difficult to think of anyone quite capable of tak: ing Mr. Coldwell’s place in its coun-

cils—at least for the present.

I

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NC):

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«It:

THE STRUGGLE FOR POSSESSION

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discus-

sion by correspondent- of question of

interest. The Guardian does not neses—

eerily endorse the opinion of corres- pondents.

LATEST POTATO PLAN,

Sir,—-In The Guardian issue of 10th inst. a front page article carries an account of the Fede-

wral Government’s latest price

plan for the benefit of P.E.I. potato growers. .

According to this famous plan, farmers‘will receive less than 27c per bushel for their potatoes, as there is no support price at all for the first 25 per cent. or for culls, or for lots of less‘ than 50 bags. ‘

Your account also states that Mr; Walter Shaw (Provincial Tory Leader) isfplensod with this improved plan’and he is given all the credit for this won- derful accomplishment from a Federal standpoint.

Mr. Shaw, moreover, is report- ed as stating that there was no‘ justification for so much delay in this matter, but no; refer- ence whatever “ ., made 'teour Island Federal Members, al- though they and their leader John Diefenbaker started the potato ball rolling by assuring our farmers at every Opportun- ity during the last federal cam- paign that potatoes were cover- ed by the recent Federal Prices Support legislation—and that is a sample Of the numerous reck-

less promises which elected most of them. .r Now, according to The Guar-

dian of February 27th, 1958, this is what Diefenbaker said ,in Summersidez “There is a dis- tressed price in Canada below which all agriculture . prices cannot fall, and he also stated that there was a provision in the Bill to provide a sup- port price under Agriculture Products of 80% of the price over the previous ten years; and that each year, said the Prime Minister, the farmer will know ‘the lowest price that he will receive, and that this price, in order to insure the farmer of his fair share Of thenattional in- come, is to bear a fair relation to the cost of the farmer’s pro- duction; and then he added triumphantly, ‘This is what the farmers have been asking for’.” At the same time the Prime Minister charged the opposition parties with misrepresenting the Conservative Farm ’Bill; but to the credit of The. Guardian I should point out that this paper’s comment was to the effect that he (Mr. Diefenbaker) appears to have been guilty of misrepre- sentation on his own account. I am, sir, etc. THOS. V. GRANT.

The gravity of the world situa- tion resulting from the present tense crisis in the Middle East has been felt in the Canadian Parliament as in other legisla- tures of the would. Members of all parties have been following most carefully the events which followed the sudden and tragic uprising in Iraq. When the news. first descended upon us there was for a time a deep fear that this might be the spark which would touch off a conflict too ter- m'Ibl-e to contemplate. As ' th e hours passed the situation re- mained grave but every addition- al hour of peace‘ strengthens the hope that an explosion oif would proportions may be averted.

The importance of Canada in world politics was dramatically illustrated by the activities of our secretary of External Affairs. When it was announced that the British Foreign Secretary, Sellwyn ond, was to fly to Washington, Mr. Smith left for the American ‘capital to give him the Canadian viewpoint and to confer withibhe United States Secretary or state Dulles. In the days that h a ve finilowed, we «have all maintained a keen and steady interest in the various diplomatic m o v e s in Washington and elsewhere. REVIEWS SITUATION

At the beginning of each sitting the Prime Minister makes a statement on the world situation and the whole House listens with close attention. There is a great unanimity of opinion among [mem- bers of different parties. Mr. Pearson has spoken well and has given the Prime Minister and the government full support and cooperation. The Prime Minister, for his part, has commended the Leader of the Opposition and thanked him most generously for his various contributions and sug- gestions. As he said himself, it is in times of stress and strain that a free Parliament rises to great heights and the spirit of our Ca- nadian House of Commons illus- trates this point from day to day.

It is only on rare occasions that there has ever been any disagreement on party lines in so far as foreign policy is concern- ed. Generally both parties have followed the same path as far as Canada’s external relations are concerned, believing that th e approach of this country in the field of international diplomacy should be something Ibeyond the field of partisan advantage. These last |f6W days have seen this at- titude magnificently displayed and one cannot but be impressed by the obvious cooperation which exists between the Prime Minis-

The Senate, Ottawa.

for and the Leader of the Opposi-

It is a bit difficult to follow the reasoning of the Swedish Go- vernment on the Lebanon issue in the United Nation. It spon— sored the resolution which set up the observer force “to insure that there is no illegal infiltration of personnel or supply Of arms or other material across the Le- banese borders.”

Yet its representative now says his government does not consider that an armed attack or interna- tional conflict has taken place in Lebanon which would warrant the intervention made by Ameni- can forces there.

The Lebanese delegation at the UN has a thick file of incidents going back as far as April show- ing Syrian and Egyptian support and even instigation of the revel activity against the government in Beirut. It includes such items as Syrian officers supplying guns to tribesmen, issuance of arms and ammunition to revels at a Syrian military barracks, seizure

' of a truckload of rifles and larg- er weapons coming from Syria and including Egyptian Army ammunition. . STRIKING EVIDENCE

To this Undersecretary of State Herter in Washington has added voluminous information from var—

ious sources in a report to the

The Facts In Lebanon

Christian Science Monitor

Foreign Affairs Committees of Congress. Here are just a few representative items:

An attack on a passport station by 100 men from Syria. Three ships seized carrying arms and fedIaIyeen (commandos) from Gaza, Egypt. Another such ship carrying 12 persons, 6,000 rifles and Lebanese money. Two thou- sand commandos of the Syrian Army based at Qartana and oper- ating into Lebanon. Confiscation of 100 rifles bearing Egyptian Army markings. Direction of in-

banon, by eight Egyptian Army officers. A border crossing by 200 Syrian guerrilla s in m 200 Syrian guerrillas in mufti, brought to the border in Syrian trucks. INTERNATIONAL BEARING

These are actions which can- not be set aside as having no ins ternational significance. They re- oall vivid-1y the methods by whch Hitler prepared the seizure of Austria by which Soviet Com- munism subverted Czechoslovak- ia, and by which Chinese Com- munists took North Viet Nam. Not all aggression takes place in the open.

To be sure. the UN Observer Force in a hurried first report has said that the “vast majority”

surgent operations in Tripoli, Le- ‘

Crisis: Brings Co—Operoj’rion

By Heath Macquarrie. M.P.

tion. Of course, Mr. Pearson is very much at home in interna- tional matters and the' percent crisis Offers him an opportunity to draw on his long experience. DISTINGUISHED VISITOR

On Monday morning we had another of the joint sessions call— ed to hear a distinguished speak- er. Tlhis time the Prime Minister of the Commonwealth state of Ghana, Dr. Kwame Nkrumah was the speaker. Resplendent in his roves of gold and purple, this great African leader made a profound impression. As the head of the nil-st native African country in the Commonwealth, he is an important figure in these days when Afro-Asian national- «ism is so much to the forefront. Dr. Nkrumah won the hearts of all in his simple appeal for peace and he struck a responsive cord when [he expressed strong feelings of (pride in Ghané's membership in the Commonwealth which'he described as a family relation- Ship;

The Commonwealth relation -

Shiloi's very important and it

was demonstrated also on Mon- day ‘in «two other ways. , Prime Minister Diefenbaker announced

that he had communicated with

the Prime Minister of the United Kinngm and 'of India urging them to take a positive attitude towards Mr. Khrushchev’s sug- gestion of a summit meeting on the Mid-East question.

, As the senior member Of the

of the revel forces are Lebanese. Does this mean that so long as interested‘outside parties do not outnumber the indigenous soldie they can take part in a civil war, supply the manpower, train- ing, direction, finance, equip - merit, weapons, and ammunition to tip the balance and still pro- fess that the revolt is only “an internal affiair?”-If so, collective secunity will be meaningless. SUPERFICIAL

The observer fierce further con- gratulates itself that it has now—— ‘after being called into the show bio'n two months late—obtained “access” to all parts of the Le bauese - Syrian frontier. This

means that its teams can go to ’

look at the border by day—light, but have not known What cross- ed it at night or what caches of arms were built up during days when the observers were kept away.

With all respect to the fine men in the observer corps and to the great desirability of a permanent UN force, it would be almost ludicrous to accent such assur- ances as these that the struggle in Lebanon is not of international concern. We hope the govern- ments of Sweden and other un- committed countries will exam-rune the evidence much more careful- ly and meaningfully.

I Get Good Ton By 'New Method

By Herman N. Bundesen, M.D.

WANT to get an attractlve tan without getting sunburned? May- be a simple little tablet can help

on do 'ust that. yExperiJments indichte that psoralem derivatives, 8-met-hoxy- psoralem (methoxsalen) and 8- isoamyleneoxypso‘ralem_ (8—IOP) , help facilitate sun tanning. MINIMUS DAMAGE .

If this is proven concluswely, it probably will mean that you will be able to get a nice tan without inflicting much perma- nent damage on the underlying connective tissue.

those of you who have'been un— able to acquire a tan in the past may be able to do so with rela- tive case. And those subjects to skin cpncer may be greatly pro- tected from the Offending rays of the sun.

According to experiments con‘ ducted in Hawaii, the tan ac. quired under the influence of the psoral-ens may be of a. slightly different color and quality than that which generally results from exposure to the sun. STRIKING COLOR-

Indications are that it would be a striking chocolate brown color. What’s more, it probably w111 "last a good deal longer than an ordinary tan.

Four persons who had never

I been able to acquire a good tan

were given tablets by their doc- tors containing 10 mg. of 8-mth- hoxypsoralem and 5 mg. of 8-IOP to take an hour or so before going into the sun. ' BEAUTIFUL TANS

They were advised to expose themselves cautiously for. the first few 'days and then to double or triple the exposure as they noted a decreasing tendency to burn. Three of the four reported that they developed beautiful tans. And one .said he. noted no noticeable decrease of his tan after spending almost a month on the mainland during the win- ter. . . Other volunteers who sunburn- ed very easily, reported no more than mild soreness and subse-l quent peeling. In most cases, there was noh even this much reaction to the sun’s rays after the tablets‘ had been taken.