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GUARDIAN

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Our contemporary is peeved at the manner in which The Guardian featured Premier " ‘ml-In’: ex- posure o! the Opposition leader's blufl to have t. bond issue “invest- lgation." It will be still more peev- ld when it reads the Premier's statements in today's Guardian. No leveher castigation for contemptible

. and almost slanderous inslnuations

; has been dministered to an Oppwl-

tlon in the Provinces history. Many

; o! the misstatements nailed by the Premier were made at Liberal po- litical meetings held throughout the country last summer. Pkirced to repudiate one such utterance as it

. was reported in the Patriot,

Parr. Lea asked the House to bear in mind that not “one-tcnth" of whet was said at tho meetings had been reported. As the Premier drily remarked, this made it verse; f0!‘ if the quoted statements were only the tid-bits and gems of oratory, the rest must have been pretty aw- ful. "Burning the Asylum" was probably a mere bagatelle to some of the allegations made or insinua- ted against the Government, by the party spellbinders!

The Premier was never in better form than in rcbutting the Ovilosi- tion propaganda and in his compre- hensive and convincing review of governmental activities. The Gov- ernment has established a rccord of real achievement-in old age pen- sions, in subsidy increase from Ot- tawa, In car ferry rates adjustment, in permanent highway improve- ment, in public health, education. and last, but by no means ‘least, in its aggressive policies for agricul- tural reform. These are matters in which the Premier rightly consider- ed the public would be greatly in- terested, and he dealt with them It considerable length.

The Opposition leader having re- fused the challenge of a Royal Com- mission investigation into the bond‘ transaction which he claimed he wanted investigated, it remains to be seen what his followers will have to say in his defense. Some of them will find enough to do in answering the Premier's broadsides on their own account!

BANK OF CANADA

The Bank of Canada comes into

l! A Inc-liar: . Irlltor and Managing llin-eiorh-J I Burnett. I J l. llanclllr Milton-Fun! Waller and l! l Currie.

llonrlng [in-I] (runurlerl All!) do W new your (In Minion thinned- Q4 [ii Ill‘ your (in advance) nailed ll 01nd: and United like.

MONDAY, MARCH ll. 1935.

Ito-President. J ll lune“, I‘ J I l) I O

preoedented financial requirements and its aftermath with its contin- uing burden o! debt. its social mal- adjustmentc, and its economic dis- , ‘ thot ‘ ’ the dir- ection of banking d- elopment and emphasized. in the minds o! this generation at least. its social sig- nlficance.

Fiscal credit needs in countries with unbalanced budgets as dis- tinguished from commercial credit requirements have assumed a pm- gressively greater importance in central banking operations since 1929 and, with the breakdown in the international gold standard‘, central banks have been called up- on in many countries to support the government financial policy rather than the strictly commercial re- quirements of the nation.

This vaziation in emphasis is one of tho most outstanding recent chanSts in banking. It can be most vividly illustrated by referenze to the experience in the United States. In 1929 the principal assets of the Federal Reserve Banks, which occupied a position analogous to that of a central bank, consist- ed of $511 millions in 0.8. govern- mnnt securities and $1,024 millions ill loans to banks as well as certain forms of commercial paper. In De- cember, 1934. Federal Reserve Banks had $2,430 millions invested in U.S. government securities and only $13 millions in asrnts origin- ating in commercial needs.

This remarkable change,

which

tries, has been in response to two developments oi’ tho past five years. 'I‘hc one is that the shrinkage in values consequent upon the severe decline in commodity and security prices acvzntuated the need for liquidity; in all types of business and finance if losses were to be avoided. Concurrently with the reduction of normal business borrowing and the natural desire of nations, business- es and individuals to strengthen their financial positions in the face of uhcertalnties was a disruption 0f productive processes and a growth o! unemployment everywhere. But while production may slow down it is equally true that consumption—- at least of food, clothing and slmltcr —continues, even at a reduced pace and it must be financed. The sec- ond development that has had a profound influence upon banking in

actual existence today. Its oper- ations, are designed to carry out a regulatory monetary and credit policy in Canada, that is, a eon- ncioua policy to affect the volume and list of funds in this country. ‘I110 change, says A. E. Ames 6a 00.’! Divestment List, in the words c! the Deputy Minister of Finance may be mgarded "as the most im- portant piece of legislation placed on our statute books in many a year, perhaps since Confederation."

In most countries central bank- ing in its present form is a modern art because it is only in recent years that inelastic banking logis- lation or government financial needs have created a. demand for such institutions. Canada, r. ess- ing a. flexible banking organization, is one of thy: last countries to es- tablish a central bank, a. fact which is an indication primarily of the satisfactory performance of thc system during the period of the Dominlons greatest material devel- opment, and also ofvthe emnrgencc in this country latterly of the idea. of central regulation and control.

Although the Bank of Sweden was established in i656 and the Bank of Eingland in 169i, the rise of (rntral banks to their present im- portahce has come largely in the past twenty years and the scope ol their action has changed signifi- cantly even in that’ relatively short period. At the beginning of the World War little social significance was attached to banking operations, and as far as the central banks in existence were concerned they functioned principally to mrnt emergency or stasonel den-lands for credit, generally of B self-liquidat- ing nature. Continuous borrowing from the central bank was frown- ed upon and investment operations in government securities by’ the central bank were not important In amount. In, other words banks were chiefly concerned with tire commercial activities ofthe people in financing the llg bttwrnn the production and distribution of goods. Their summed influence uo- on social welfare was seldom ex- lniflld. ’ s

flu ocmpiei qrmtiom relating g purehulng power, currency “retards. foreign mhanze and ' " prices which have en-

this and other countries has bnen. therefore, the assumption by thc state of responsibility for the amel- ioration of social distress and want

dominal injuries using drugs to kill the pains may result in the patients death because the pain hides or ob- scures the symptoms and so oper- ation may be delayed too long.

not only humane but wise; for pain

. increases sensitivencss, which in is typical in kind if not in degrflfi turn makes the pain more severe or of what is apparent in most coun- agonizing.‘ '

lief from pain, so that preventing movement of the splints or adhesive plaster is good treatment.

fui in relieving pain~hot water bag, pouitice, electric pad.

pain there are many drugs-aside from morphine — that are effective.

itago, founder of the National In- stitute for the Blind.

Indians, are imitating Germany in demanding a “blood-purgc," or at least. the Caughnawaga in Quebec are. Demands that pale-face inter- lopers be ousted from the Caugh- nawaga Indian Reservation been placed before the Department of Indian Affairs at Ottawa, by a delegation sent to the capital for the purpose. Clricf objects of ‘ thn proposed blood-purge merchants-two grocers

Nut l“!

ot- Qua

PAIN “Next to the saving of life the

-.Qls!1 _

mile! of pain is the physician's most important function. pain that resists morphine; there are so many other means of relieving pain instead of morphine- as the morphine may be worse for the patient than the palm-that there should be no case in which the physician cannot give relief to pain and distress by properly chosen methods. not only without harm hm. with positive benefit to the patient."

‘Ihcrc is no and

“The patient has the right to ex-

pect relief of pain, for pain is in it- self harmful, causing fatigue, sleep- lessness, lack of appetite, depress- ion of the circulation, irritability, and a hopeless outlook on life; and the longer pain continues, the less ablc is one to bear it.“

I am quoting Prof. Bernard Fan-

tus, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, in the Journal of thc Medical Association.

American

Now the first point to remember

is that pains are very useful in that they ireip lire plrvsclun to locufc the cause of the pains and y) not only relieve the pain, but correct or cure the condition causing the pain. The pain is often the first :yrnptom of which the patient complains and so early treatment can i: given.

Dr. Fantus reminds us that

Notes By The Way‘

Anion Jtintelen. held mo; In" July. is or; fut being tried for com- Dllvlty in the Nazi Duteeh that failed but cost Dollfuu his life. The particular inmost lies in the hope that this trial will disclose the in. ride mo; or the plot. m Social Dflllflcffli! had foiled to put Austria together and Dollfusrs had, largely because of the growth o! Com. mll-lliim. thrown in his lot with the Fmcists. 'I'heae Fascists stand m; Austrian ‘ dependence and an en. tente with Italy; the Boei " had been for Austrian in’ = and. generally speaking. economic, but not political union with Germany. Then the Nani power “Pose in Germany and Austrian Nazis formed a group who wqnid throw Austria completely into c, Gennnnic Nazi union. These at. tempted to take charge by force, and during the few hours they held control they issued a broadcast to the effect that Rintelen had taken ave:- the chancellorshlp from Dollfuss. Rintelen was at the mom. cnt temporarily in Vienna away from his ambassadorial post in Rome. He has always denied com- piicity in the putsch, but it_ L; natural that the finger of suspicion should point at him. Péfhllpg m; trial will clear up obscurities.

Sir Arthur Eddington. professor of astronomy a; Cambridge Um- vcrslty, is qut with a warning that thc end of the world will come "in lone stupendous broadcast." The ultimate fate of proton; and eiec- trons. ho says, is to annihilate each other and release energy from radiation, becoming more and more rarlfied and passing into longer wave lengths until the

while pains are useful for finding out causes of ailments, pains rarely help the condition, and, as mention- ed above, cause a lowering of the body resistance.

In acute appendicitis and in ab-

"In obscure cases relief of pain is

Rest, generally speaking, gives re- part by using

Heat, next to rest, is most irclp-

If heat and rest do not rciicvc the

Our original native race, the

have

are three French-Cairadian and a Greek dry-goods

‘more justified. A set of Ontario

chief port

arising out of unemployment.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Saloniki, mentioned in tho Greek revolution, is the Christian Theos- olonica where St. Paul preached and to whose inhabitants he addressed his epistles, I and II ‘rhessolonians. Next to Constantinople, it is tho connecting the merce of ‘Europe with that of form- er European Turkey.

com-

The unexpected has happened. A New Brunswick politician and po- tato grovrr wants a government

nounoes pleased with the subsidy reward. Editorialy, however, our

merchant who, it is claimed, “make thousands of dollars a month at the expense of Indian merchants.“ This, however, is planned merely as a first step--all white residents of the Reservation will be driven forth if the Indian authorities get trnii- way, and with them will go even Indians who have married whites. But Ottawa's approval must be got first.

Because of the brief appreciative reference in the Sprnch from the Throne, the Montreal Gazette an- that this Province is

contem-

Thc ant is evidently becoming a. popular subject for lecture.

bonus for all potato grower; except himself. l-ie asserted manfully in the legislature that he would not claim, or accept, any benefit from the proposed bonus. for himself.

Mr.

Julian Huxley discusses it and man in Montreal tomorrow; while last Tuesday Prof. J. R. Dymond, Dir- ector of Zoology at the Royal On- tario Museum lectumd on it in Toronto. He advanced the theory-- 0r fact rathen-that in the ant world ever-y member of a colony is born to a certain station, such as a soldier or a servant, beyond which he can never advance. In the opinion of one scientist, said Professor Dymond. it is this reason that ha; kept the ant world- from making any progress in the last fifty million years. But who wants ants to make progress anyway?

it can be shown that full justice has not yet been donc there is still plenty of time for further remedial action, but it does secm that the matter ought to be allowed to rest now until the Dominion as a whole is finally free of tho depression and its influences."

aid Liberal Nova Scotie Government of over a million and a quarter dollars shows the crass futility of depending upon the promises criticisms of tlcmagoglc politicians like Mr. Angus

porary notes the effectiveness of Chief Justice Mathicsonls minority report, and concludes: "The award may not be the last word in deter- mining the relationship between the Maritimes and the Dominion, but thr: increased subsidy is a step in the right direction, the commis- sion having satisfied itself of the soundness of the Maritime casc. If

The hugr deficit of the Macdon-

and

Macclonald. The

l-uld he- "Well." said 1. any time r

Instead of a Cantor Youtlfs Tzust Fund is being raised in the Old Country to commemor- ate the King's Jubilee with the Rince of Wales as chairman. The‘ trust is intended to help existing organiutiom such as the Scouts by providing incrnased fac- ilities for- recreation, physical train- ing. hobbies, healthy holidays and the like. The firrt contribution was made b7 the Bouihcut 4 London Scottish Association through the Duke of Aibflll. ill plnlideatywlio ,lbdout.lrmlyawanrin|toour 4m ._veorrletobewaryolacceptingai

Panda

B07

public accounis tabled by the Pro- vincial Trcasurnr, Hon. J. i". Fraser in March 1932 showed a deficit of $404,834, and he budgettcd for a surplus. (after allowing for supple- mentary cranium of $11,122. The then Opposition leader. Mr. A. B. Macmillan declared that "it looked iiim an‘ election budget," and crit- icised the taxation propoeah no likely to be detrimental. New in power these same crltbs azrnounce a deficit over three times that of the Harrington Govcmrrvrnr, and lslcrt thlt the province uudor QM! region H very nearly down

ba- the claim of uelf-melrinr-poli- tioiana who "kill the Kaiser with their mouth."

filial grout broadcast that will end the fiscal world. Sir Arthur may bc right, or he may be wrong, bu; as he ~l1as fixed this incompre- hcnsiblc event to take place sev- eral billion years hence when humarf life will long since have expired from radiation or heat," the"? is nothing to worry about.

Astronomers, says Sir yum, Jfillllfi. are receding from the belief that intelligent life exists any- where outside the earth. some of us are even beginning to qugs. tion whether intelligent life ex- ists on this planet, comments an exchange.

M "w years take their mu on the Canadian veteran; 0g the great WM‘. more and more die each year. During 1935 the Canadian govern- ment estimates that 621 former- soldiers will be buried wider the llllfiploos of the Last Post Fund. To give caclr veteran a respectable funeral. the government has set aside $60,000 as this year's grant; t0 the fund. The last five years have bwh hard ones for many of the vet- erans. Out of work, their scant resources have soon dwindled. When sickness strikes their sapped strength. the vitality to withstand the attack is gone. It is a tragedy that 20 years after thewar began that provision must be made to bury 621 old soldiers who are without funds. No one is opposed to grunt. ing the money. but everyone m. grcts that condtions make such a, fund necessary.

The wisdom of the ages is once

quintuplets in the hand turns out lo be worth more than a sextuplet combination in the African bush. The latter phenomenon was re. ported the other day by a New Orleans Physician before a group of specialists. But it i5 now said that the New York papers in I903 printed the story from Africa with pictures. Into the discard with Lhg equatorial sextet goes the new race or fifteen-inch human pigmieg whose bones were discover-m in India. 1t now seems that they were not discovered but invented. —Ncw York Times.

r had mt finished e m, breakfast 1n Noble's restaurant on Broadway. in outline. California, “m! W" Wfllkilla’ down the aisle to the cashier's desk, when I noticed a gentleman sitting at a table, "Pardon me," 1 said, "ygu mu not be" offended if I ask you a ques- ton." "Not a bit,‘ said he, good not. uredly. What part of Canada, 5T9 irou from?" I queried. "How did you WWW 1 W85 from Canada?" he replied. "You will not be offended i1 I toll you?" I 888k: ventured. "No."

see a man drinking tea out of a saucer, he comes from Canada." He was a good "sport" and freely m. rnitted it. He came from Palmerston, 0ntarl0.—Kingst0n (Ont) Reporter.

Mobmlltion of a great Italian filmy at Naples as a result of the border dispute in Africa with Albyssinia. provokes thoughts of n battle that was fought in 1896 be- tween Italian troops and the forces of the Iimperor Melee]; the Negus. proud ruler of a form- idable people. That fight was at Adowa and ‘the soldiers from Europe were routed. ta the aston- ishment or the whole white world. Attention then was drawn to thlg

‘ inous empire and the news. (news coon contained articles from army officer; and 1014mm‘. ilc correspondents, who explained that Menelek claimed descent fronr Solomon and the Queen n1 Sham and was regarded by rhls subfcctfl as a ruler by 4mm right. His victory over European troops served to spread his row“. tion rs a warrior who was quite "fillnbln of defending his people‘; i-errliorr. Arth- that episode u» independence of his kingdom m not quettioneli-Montreei Genetic.

Tbereinnaymihelqm!” "lflmwl- w mailman. that the man who opposes it will be over- whelmed and flung from public life. ‘rho desire in the heart; of the ea. tire British people is for peace, 1n. dew it is stronger than even in the aftermath of I018, when gem one dislliusion made war

(at. Catharina stanauci rt was the rm we Balfour. who, on a visit to New York

lathe

most fire proof building world" remarked: “ It was a ty m him. of the bull was fireproof.

A former Scotland Yard officer tells a characteristic story of the late marl. Early in 1917. who" Ml’- A. J. Balfour, as he then was. Went to America on a. special mission. In- apectoi‘ Brunt of the Yard. was de- tailed to accompany hi

Neither armed

phic calm. On the voyage back the

a. moment when everybody

deep in a detective tale.

elucidatnr?"

temperament it was he. Durinu the

and Mr. Lloyd George across to Paris for a special conference.

The return channel journey was exceedingly rough and A. J. 13.. Who was never a good sailor was very troubled by mai de mer. As the boat drew into Dover harbour the three statesmen were together on deck. and su- Edward Grey. who knew that the naval people were very concerned about the poflslbllltlf 07 German U-boat attacks, exclaimed: "well. I'm glad that's over. I confess I was nervous."

"Yes." said L. 6.. "I was BITE-id they might sink us." “And ‘I!’ chimed in a. J. n. "was honine to God they wouldl" Anyone who h” ever been really seasick will sym- pathies with that feeling.

timestained crag,

fair.

And you are strong, with wings that do not flag;

Cay silverawings above the water's

$39911. Brave, fearless wings that buffet any wind. Unutterably lovely, you have been An inspiration to my troubled mind. For why believe life always wilhbe

dark,

That hope and faith in human- kind arc vein?

A bitter blow must leave a" linger-

ing mark, 'But Cod and His world's beauty dim

the stain.

And so, white gulls, in graceful, circling flight.

You bring me trust in Co. A-nrl will be right.

__ -—Evelyn M. Cornell. laws and fish and game laws with impunity. For many individuals, these regulations are in exist- ence only to be broken when a customs officer or a fish and some officer is not in the neigh- borhood and when there is no danger oi’ beng caught. Yet the same people, thoroughly respect- able, and law-abiding in other re- spects. will be the first to demand suitable punishment for violations of other laws.--Brookville Recorder and Times.