a 4

FARMER'S WORK.

How to Make it Profitable.

Robertson’s First Visit.

AT KENSINCTOX.

Professor

LECTURE

Proresson Rosertson, of the Experi- mental Farm, Ottswa, arrived in this Pro- vince on Saturday evening and proceeded at once to Kensington, where he. delivered the first of his series of lectures to farmers. The audience was not so large as it ought to have been; but it was pleasing to notice among those present a number of our lead - ing agriculturists. Walter Simpson, Esq.. President of the Western Farmers Associa- tiom, occupied the chair. Professor Robert- aon first gave a short description of the Experimental Farms, and then produced two illustrations or charts of the theme which he proceeded to develop. He said that if asked to give his con- ception of the farmers work he wou'd say that the man who farms with the most in- tellivence will seek (1) to prov ide food (2)to maintain the fertiluy of the soil (3) to pro- vide vccupation. It is well to remember, that the character of the food required by mankind has changed greatly within the last twenty-five years. Very much more meat is coasumed now than formerly,and all farmers who are wise will make a note of this fact. Asaruale the more a farmer manufactures the larger will be his profits. Men .who farm for profit should exert themselves to get profit by reducing t hecost of production rather than by trying to raise the market price. There is only one way to be sure of farming to a profit, and that is by preducing things of the best quality at the smallest cost. The quality governs largely the price that may be obtained. For iustance, in all the large cities of our Dominion, butter ranges in price from 10 to 25 cents per pound. No farmer, or combination ef farmers that can be made, can force the market up or ddwn. But a man may raise himself from being a ten-cent-a-pound man to being a twenty- five-cent.a-pound man by sending to the market the “butter for which the people will pay twenty-five cents A man can change his place in the scale at any time by raising the quality of his products to superior excellence. Men are always look- ing for profit at the market instead of at the home end of the busimess. But profit lies, in business, between the price that, is real- ized and the cost of production. If we can reduce the cost of production, we lengthen our line of profit, certainly at one end, and if the market goes up we have two profits,—one made by our skill and the other by reason of the rise in the market. Sothe man whocan reduce the cost of production is the man who is farm- iag with the most profit; for the reduction of the cost of production does not reduce the price that may be realized. Suppose that two men are living on neighboring farms, and one man produces his butter at . cost of twenty-five centsa pound. He feeds hay and meal to rather poorly bred and badly kept cows, and his butter costs him twenty-five cents a pound. The other man keeps cows that are better adapted for

butter making, feeds them on _ the che kind f tabl food cheapest in v suitadie pod , including corn ensilage,—of which

from 22} to 9} tons per acre have been produced on the Experimental Farm and of which about 16 tons per acre is the aver- age yield over Canada—and produces butter

equally good at 15 ~~ cents a pound. They beth sell in the same market. Does the man who produces

his butter at a cost of 15 cents have to take a smaller price than the man whe produces it at 25 cents? No. He gets an equa! price,—and a larger profit. He has a profit; his neighbor has none. Our en- deavor should therefore be rather along the line of reducing the cost of production than raising the price to be realized,—except in this, that the price can be improved by an improvement in the qualityof the produce. The selection of seeds best suited to pro- duce food which will in time produce the best results, is an important consideration. And then when a man has selected seeds of the right sort he must still remember that seeds and plants need food as they grow. it is a question of food all the way through,—lood for plants and food for animals ; and the man who fails to feed his plants through his soil, will by and bye fail to find food for himself through his farm work. Care must therefore be taken that as much as possible of the materials drawn from the soil by the plants is returned to the soil by the farmer. The mau who sells hay sells 4 great deal of matter; the man who sells a horse sells very little matter -— the largest part of the matter has gone back into his farm to be again glorified by the aun, the winds and the rain. The soil of the farm is the storehouse of plant food, and the feeding place forthe plants while they absorb the food into themselves. Water is in the nature of a vehicle for the conveyance of plant and anima! food to its proper place inside the plant or animal, and the sun is the master workman on the farm. The sun does all the work and the man’s business is to do the chores. When the sun shines on a man’s field he is seeking some- thing to ro!l himself into, that he may leave his own strength and energy there for the service of man hereafter; and if a man leaves no substance in hisfield intowhich the sun can roll and store himself, the sun leaves nothing behind him. He has shone, there, all day long,and that man is so much the poorer .by having lost a whole day’s work of the sun, the product of which he might have had to sel afterwards. I wind awatch. I thus wind my own strength into the spring in half a minute or leas My strength remains there to move the hands of the watch all day long. But if tere be no spring in the watch I can leave nu power there,—I can transfer none of my en- ergy to the watch unless there be a spring aoe L can put my strength. But if tere be a good spring it stores my strength forad ‘y or a week or a year, and it can be expended to drive the mechaniam of the

watch at any time. The spring of the watch is what the plant food is in the soil, The spring is a

contrivance into which I store my own strength: the plant food is a mesas ‘in

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which the sun can store his strength. Tho | sun is looking for this means, and will not | fai’ to do his duty if he but find it. Ths puts me in mind of the old politician who, when twitted with being a maker of vinegar, replied ; Oh no, sir, I don't iho vinegar; 1 do some chores and the sun makes the vinegar.” This is the main principle which underlies agriculture. There are men who talk like this: that the conditions of life are not all fair; that you have a good farmer here and a poor farmer alongside of him, and the good book says that the sun shines on the just and the unjust, which is counted unfair to the man who is just. But you will find that it is fair in the long run if you will but look at it closely; for the man who is unjust asa farmer will rob his soil and leave it poor, and when the soil is thus robbed and impoverished, the sun leaves nothing be- hind him which is fit fur man’s service. But when the sun shines on the just far- mer’s soil, that has been well tilled and well fed, he leaves behind him vigorous plants and thrift and plenty. So that the sun re- wards the just man ¢ccording to his justice, and punishes the unjust man for his folly.

[CONTINUED TO MORROW. ] a

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Obituary.

The unexpected death of Mrs. Henry Palmer gave a sad shock tothiscommunity. Mrs. Palmer had been unwell for a few days past; but she was not considered ill until Thursday night ; and she passedaway shortly atter midnight on Saturday. We sympathise with her family, so suddenly and so heavily bereaved. The funeral, this afternoon, was very largely atttended.

Mr. John H Norton, of this city, died at Bellevue, Lot 48, yesterday, in the 78th year of his age. Mr. Norton came to the Island in 1821, from near Cornwall, Wales, settling at Brudenell, when that now thriv- ing place was all forest. He caught the gold fever in 1849, and was one of those who went to California in the Fanny. Mr. Norton was well known and respected. His | body will be interred in the cemetery at Brudenell to-morrow.

iieinciatataailadgilplptisiiiemedats

Farmers’ Convention.

THE annual convention of the Western Farmers’ Association was held at Kensing- ton on Saturday last. Among these who were present were Dugald Wright (Presi- dent), H. A. Stewart (Secretary), Samuel! Siiapson, James Ramsay, Archd. Ramsay,

P. Russel, John Muirhead, David Rogers (Freetown), S. Black and Walter Simpson. The election of officers for the year ensuing resulted as follows :—

President— Walter Simpson. Vice-President—James Ramaay. Secretary—H. A. Stewart (re-elected). After an interesting discussion on the subject of grasses, the convention adjourned to meet at the new hall in Hamilton in January next.

Death From The Heat.

ONE SUFFERER IN BROOKLYN GOBS CRAZY AND BITES A POLICEMAN. Wednesday last was not the hottest day New York has had this summer, but there wers many fatalities. At 6 o'clock the thermometer regigtered 73 degrees. The | highest temperature of the day yrag at} 5.30, when it reached 92 degrees.

David Lawskin of No. 921 Herkimer | street, Brooklyn, became delirious while at | work upon a house on Utic avenue. He} exhibited many symptoms of hydorphobia, | growling and snapping at all who went near him. Finally Officer Klingman of the Twelfth preeincé arrived upon the scene. He attempted to overpower the madman, and in the struggle was bitten on the&inger, The report quickly spread that Lawskin had hydrophobia, and until the patrol wagon came up al! kept a distance from him. It required the efforts of six men to hold Lawskin before he was finally taken to St. Mary’s Hospital:

Dora Freyend, § months old, of No. 594 Water street, and John Cuadzado, 7 months old, of No. 166 105d street, died from the excessive heat.

There were four cases of prostration from heat reported the same day, among whom were immigrants who arrived on the Teu- tonic. Three mad dogs were shot by policemen. Thera were eight cases of prostrafion by heat in Brooklyn, but no deaths were reported there. Edward Simon, head of the big trunk manufactory of Newark, died suddenly from the effects of the heat.

———ahe << gym - | - Government Pond Agai.n

Srrx,—-l am told on good authority that a sewerage pipe which starts at Heartz’s pump is continued on to the end of Euston Street where its contents are emptied into Government Pond. Is it possible that this is igu? No wader that the poud “smells to heaven” with the contents of half a dozen water closets, commencing from Boyle's Tannery running into it from one side, with a sewer from Government House from another, reinforced by the combined filth of the half of Euston Street. Surely it is not right that the taxpayers ofthe West End should have this massof disease and death landed at their doors, Where is the ‘‘Board of Health”? Arethey asleep or gone ona journey? Will you not, Sir, through your paper, do something to have this disgrace to a civilized people abated?

TAXPAYER.

From Boston. — The steamer Carroll, Capt. Brown, arrived from Boston at 4 o'clock on Saturday afternoon-~the earliest arvival this season. Her passenger list is; ass frllows:—E HH Corgite, Mr. Ro'lins, A. T. Forbes. ET Draper, Misa Deaper, Mrs Conley, Mrs Carmichaei, ES Bienes, Cora L Barnes, Mrs T P Emerson, Flora Emerson. Ralph Emerson, Mrs Don- aly, Mre Sterling, Mrs M S Edwards and son, Florence McLeod, Lizzie McLeod, J T

DAILY EXAMINER, - —_-

aa

- MONDAY, JULY 2!. 1890

BIRTH.

In this citv, on July 17th, the wife of John Cuming, engineer, of a son. '

In this city, on the 20th inst., the wife of D. Gordon of a son.

ae

DIED.

Entered into rest, on Sunday morning, July 20th, at her residence, “The Chestnuts, Kent Street, Amelia, widow of the late Henry Palmer, Esq.

At Belleview, Lot 48, Queen's Co., on Sun- day, 20th inst., Johan H. Norton, of this city, in the 78th year of his age.

{Funeral by carriages from Belleview to Brudenell cemetery on Tuesday at 9 a. m.]

meme

HOTEL AKRIVALS. RANKIN HOUSE.

July 17—F McPhee, P Leslie, D McDonald, St Peters; Mra H Keefe, California; H Par- ker, Toronto; J McKenna, Monaghan Road; Mr and Mrs R H White, Boston; John Me- Eachern, Nine Mile Creek; J D McKinnon, Boston; R Mutch, West River. 8th —Neil McKachern, Rice Point; H McLane, Souris; W McLean, Georgetown; John Ryan, JJ Ryan, Miss Ryan, Georgetown; Mr Richard- son, H MS Comus; Mrs McKinnon, Ida Me- Kinnon, Chelsea, Mass; Mrs D G McPhee, Miss Mollie McPhee, Boston; Effie A Gra- ham, Hampstead, N H. 19th—David Larkin, St Peters Bay; John H Walker, Launching.

~~ & Wonderful Flesh Producer.

This is the title given to Scott’s Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil by many thousands who have

taken it. It not only gives flesh and strength by virtue of its own nutritious properties, but creates an appetite for food. Use it and

Scott’s Emulsion is per-

try your weight. Sold by all druggists at 50c

tectly palatable.

Fe! Fl

E HAVE A LARGE STOCK OF FLOUR ot reliable Brands, —

Carter’s Best, Kent Mills, White Star, &c.

Every Barrel warranted. Selling low for

cash or approved credit. ——ALSO——

Best American KILN DRIED CORN- MEAL, Granulated Sugar, West India Sugar in 28-ib. bags and by the pound, Tea at 25, 30, 40, 50 and 60 cents per Ib., and a full stock of Family Groceries.

We pay highest cash price for Fresh Eggs, and one cent per dogen adyange over cash price when exchanged for goods.

Our Store is the right place to sell Eggs and to buy Groceries.

GzZO. CARTER & CO.,

Grocers and Seedsmen. Ch’town, July 21, 1890.

A UCTI ON. Farm and Growing Crop.

We will sell by Auction, on the Premises,

ON MONDAY, JULY 28th,

At 3 o’clock in the Afternoon,

THE STETSON FARM,

Ona the St. Peter’s Road, about 8 Miles from Charlottetown,

Containing about 84 Acres of Land, now under crop and in a high state of cultivation. This is one of the handsomest Farms on the Island, and completely fenced with spruce hedge rows at sides and cross rows, all carefully trimmed this season.

——ALso——

THE STANDING CROP, consisting of several fields of Hay and Oats. One field is sown with 4 bushels of Tartarian Oats, im- ported by the Local Government this sesson.

Terms easy. Sale positive.

E. H. NORTON & CO., Auctioneers.

Lumber by Auction.

T CONNOLLY’S WHARF, on TUES- DAY, July 22nd, at 6 o'clock, p. m., we will sell by Auction,

& Cargoes Lumber,

—CONSISTING OF—

75,900 Cedar Shingles, extra No. 1, 25 000 Retase Spruce Veais, 3 in. and 2 in., 20,000 Dry Spruce Flooring Boards,

Sullivan, T McDonell, Nellie Quirk, Mrs

Brothers, Miss Welsh, Mra Taylor, R Tay- j lov, E T Berry, Kate McAdam, Miss Byrnes, lucy MeNeill, Lzzie Dockendorf, Mrs | Haggan, Miss Gillan, Jobn Mellish, Kate | Figon, Miss Collins, Mary A Dickson,

Sesan MeKenna, Agnes McKenna, Miss | M:Aulay, Miss McAulay, MefWallace, Mrs , Wallace and two children, Mrs R McDonald, | A Connors, Mrs Trainor, C Smith, M Mc! Lean, Bella McLennan, Mrs F Blumer. ' hasset, J Jackson, A Weatherbie, J Weath- a M. McQuinn, E Stanton, H Martin, |

e °

15,000 ** Pine 6s assorted 12 000 3 in. Hemlock Deals, voearh 10,000 2 in, ” Plank,

5,000 . Boards,

Positive Unreserved Sale.

k. H. NORTON & CO.,

julyl9 © Auctioneers,

_ Owing to arrival of two more cargoes of Spruce and Pine, above sale is postponed till WEDNESDAY EVENING at same hour,

july21

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‘(NOGNOT WOUd . NVIdSVO,, ‘S ‘S X3 ‘ANIWO GS1L03dx3

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‘sedvig yovg ‘esoyy olomyseg sUorpliqg pue sorpery ‘SOYSN[ pelojog pus yovg ‘suoqqry yeayeA Yvig

re) RECT CARGO, just arrived per ‘ Hat- tie Louise,” Captain Barnard ;—

400 Pons. MOLASSES, bright and heavy, 25 Hhds. BARBADGES SUGAR,

1000 Small Bags, 28 lb. each, wholesale only.

We wish to dispose of this cargo without storing, and will se'l round lots at reasonable figures. Ask for quotations.

CARVELL BROS.

E. H. NORTON & CO, Auctioneers, |

} julyt6—pottw cd stm ote ow

Dal Ol

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— — —$—

Prints, Dress Goods, Ribbons, Laces, Ge

: ape sa eo TS ilies

nae

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Account Books!

——+(x) TAYLO* & GILLESPIE,

ore

UR STOCK OF BLANK BOOK PAPERS IS NOW COMPLETE. Come in ang see them, and get prices for Ledgers, Duy Books, Cash Books, Journals Letter Copying Books, Invoice Books, Wallets, etc., etc,

We Challenge Competition!

Works of Art, Magazines, Periodicals, Music, Illustrated Papers, Oid Books, etc., any style or price. Also, we clean QOid Pictures, Steel Engravinge, Wood Cuts, etc, from any stain, and make to look as good as new

TAYLOR & GILLE PIE,

NORTH SIDE QUEEN SQUARE

miveat bry Lew 1 UCKE BOOKS,

Careful attention given to the BINDING of

Clvtown, May 6, 1890

NT OR

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LOTHING|

fy t_ -s

Tea Party and Picnic Season will svon be here, aud with the temperature af its present height things will be hot. We bave now on hand an unsurpassed stock of

The

——BOTH SOOTOUH AND CANADIAN TWEEDS,

One Hundred Pieces NEW TROUSERINGS, New Styles and Popular Prices. Fit and™ j Finish guaranteed. Inspection solicited.

D. A. BRUCE.

—_——_— — ——————_—————F |

Sunstruck Prices,

—— $30.00 HALL STANDS, for - - + : 25.00 HALL STANDS, for - - - + > 20.00 HALL STANDS, for - - - - - 15,00 HALL STANDS, for - - - =: = 12.50 HALL.STANDS, for - - - - = 10% 8.00 HALL STANDS, fer 8 6.50 HALL STANDS, for - - - - - 5005 4.50 HALL STANDS, 3.50

At Above Prices for —(x)—_——

MARK WRIGHT & 00, Ltd

nee ANP

Gathering of the Clans! Wor, reo WENES

- SECURED IN US

IN-—

Charlottetown, July 4, 1890.

$22.50. 20.00 16,50 12.50

— ee eS oe eee

Month.

One

ING

TPYHE GREAT ANNUAL SCOTTI-H GATHERING OF THE CLAN», undér ! eS

the auspices of the CALEDONIA CLUB OF so , et

P. E. ISLAND, will be held on the , :

DRIVING PARK GROUNDS,

CHARLOTTETOWN, P. BE. —--—-ON-—-—

i | |

& : 3 « 5

}

Thursday, i4th August Next.)

: i _Exeursion Rates by Rail aad Steamer from

all points.

Vor fall particulars, prizes, etc., see posters |

and programmes.

JOHN M. CAMPBELL, |

Recording Secretary.

JAMES D. IRVING, President, Ch’town, July 18, 1890—dy mwi wy

Masonic Temple Company,

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ae

7. adjourned General Annus] Meeting of | i Hi the Masonic Temple Company will be ! ie

held at Masonic Hail, Water Street, on WED-| 4/1

NESDAY, the 23rd day of July, inst., at|

8 oclock, p. m,

ORT OF THE

it Anedy abe.

iarTrTen’ : + On baverament

Wo N?eD TO REY r--About ist October tints, coniaitfuz 8 or 9 cooms, nied si

- J. 7. C ¥ re tica. i 0 16 ao ugg tO ve sach to let aad jyl5—éod ROCKET T: , [boii ots nao paar oF applying wba oN

guee-geth :