'- Time was when our younger far- “mers would give their eye-teeth for an. opportunity to round out their _ practical experience with scientific training in agriculture, if only the - facilities for such training were avail- | able in this Province. How is it, then, that the short course offered annually at the Provincial Vocation- ‘al School has failed in late years to. obtain the requisite number of students? This question was raised at the Agriculture Federation meet- ing Monday night by Hon. Eugene Cullen, Minister of Agriculture, who _ deplored the lack of interest and _ said that this year a special effort was being made to attract suitable applicants. If the advantages to be derived were fully understood, there would be no lack of response to this appeal. It is a matter of real con- cern to the Province, and particular- ly to the Federation which has al- ways taken interest in the education- - al aspects of the industry. . . The course referred to is taught by competent graduates in Agricul- ture from the Provincial and Feder- al Departments, the cost being shar- ‘ed by both governments. At the last ‘course, held in 1954, there were ten applications and only five students turned up. Advertised regularly each successive year, only two ap- plications were received in 1955, only two in 1956 and again 1957; In 1958 four made application. Fed- _eral regulations provide that there must’ be an enrollment of at least 16 students before Ottawa will share - in the cost. $9.00 per week is paid to students who must live away ‘from home while attending, and they must attend regularly. and com- plete the course in order to receive dhis assistance. The subjects cover- ed are animal health, animal hus- bandry, field' crops and soil prob- blems—all of prime importance in our agricultural economy.

As Mr. Cullen well said, there never was a time when agricultural training could do so much for the

farmer. Our Experimental Farm and other research institutions are giving excellent service, but their work is wasted if our farmers are not able to make use of the in- formatien provided. New plant var. ° feties, new controls for plant and animal parasites, and new approa- ches to many other farm problems are all available to our farmers if they will take time to study the lat- est developments in their field Training such as_ the Vocational. School course provides is the best ~—introduction to these subjects. Sup- plemented by actual farm experi- ence it could become one~ of the most valuable courses in our whole _ educational curricula. © le

It is to be hoped.that this year

the course will be resumed, with a _Jarge and representative attendance

.

\

from all parts of the Province. Sure- _

ly this is not too much to expect in “the Garden of the Gulf?

Revolt In The Congo . It is generally supposed that economic and social unrest is the main cause of revolts in colonia! territories. That this is not invariab- ly the case is shown in reports from the Belgian Congo where de mands for political independence have led to much rioting and vio. lence. At the height of the trouble in the.Capital city of Leopoildville 30 persons were killed, several hundred seriously injured and scores of European business places looted and burned.

This demonstration was not re lated to the economic need of the natives; for the Belgian Congo— 70 times larger than Igium it self, with a populatidn of 13 mil lions—has always been fairly pros

~

perous. ye is scarcely no pover ty, and the have been treat ed well by. officials whe have been mainly responsible for

's welfare.

, the natives, ‘who make up

a

more than three-fourtlis of the , population, have never, until quite recently, had any part in political affairs. (A few-months ago, * na- tives who can read and write—about ten per cent of the total—were per- mitted to vote for municipal coun- cillors.) What they want is a larger

share in Government—in other |

words, political freedom, either in the Belgian community or as an in-

is sweeping all .across the- Contin- ent of Africa. The Congo natives must know that they cannot expect to be as well off economical- ly under responsible government as _ they are now under the benevolence of the Belgian Government. Never- theless, they are ready and anxious to take the risk, if only they might be left free to look after themselves. The Belgians, seeing what a great mistake the French made when the Algerians started to talk about ffeedom, will probably guide the Congo movement towards a sense of responsibility, instead of

trying to suppress it by force of .

arms.

‘No Agreement It is beginning to look as.thou, there will be no agreement between the Soviet Union and the West to a ban on nuclear tests. For several months representatives. of the pow- ‘ers concerned have been meeting in Geneva, trying to reach a mutually satisfactory formula; but, from all accounts, they are no nearer a solu- tion than when the ‘talks started. The chief obstacle is the Soviet Union’s ‘rejection of Western pro- posals for a control system that would keep any nation from “cheat- ing’. The Russians have agreed to a system of inspection “in principle”, but it is a system that would guarantee nothing in the way of control. They not only demand that inspection posts on Soviet borders be manned almost entirely by their ewn nationals; they also want the ight of veto on the movements of international inspectors for on the spot inspection. This, of course, would be no better than no contro! at all. F

On the Western side, too, there has been a change of thought re. garding the possibility of detecting underground explosions. Last sum mer, American, British and Russian scientists agreed that this would be posible. Recehtly, however, Presid- ent Eisenhower's science advisory committee reported that it was more difficult to distinguish under ground nuclear explosions from na- tural earthquakes than had pre. viously been thought. This has caus. ed American delegates at the Gen eva Conferende to insist on stricter control than that advocated at the beginning of the talks. In turn, this has led the Russians to charges that the United States was not really interested in effective contro! measures in the first place. The whole thing is a tangle of misrepre. . sentation, half-heartedness and mutual suspicions. In such an atmos- phere, how can there be any worth- while agreement? .

EDITORIAL NOTES

The United States Congress has a total membership of 534. On a pro- portional basis, Ganada’s Rarliamen Would have a membership of. about 55. ” =

The Federal Fisheries Depart- ment has aqgounced a bounty of 10 cents a pound on dogfish, liver. If the bounty had been in effect last sum mer, our fishermen would have made a lot of money on the pests. They will probably stay away from now a cas

* *

President Eisenhower told a groufi of visiting Canadian parliamentarians that he was sure that their meeting with U.S. Congressmen would bring

7

‘about a better understanding between

the two countries. A little improve- ment in American trade practices would be a help. «

-Federal Government officials are still talking about ‘the possibility of a prison farm for Springhill, N.S. It would create a little employment, of course; but surely ‘not enough to make up for the loss of the mines. Nor would there be much in it for neighbouring farmers, since, presum- ably, the institution would be expect-

* *

ed to be practically self-supporting. .

‘

‘Rates, at least twice each year,

. derived, at the option of each

‘will create a sensation by at-

F WAy eh ee . : oe ee

* Afterpains are caused by the relaxing and contracting of the uterus. Women who have had previous children- are more apt to experience them than those ‘ who have just become motijers ’ | for the first time. If they do occur, don’t worry, they won't last very long. Ac- tually, they are heloful, inas- much as they are old Mother Nature’s method of the uterus of blood clots or. { birth

might be bad enough to require relief. In that case. aspirin or some similar

the time that milk enters the breasts..’ This ‘is simply nature's way or ridding your body of all that fluid which you retained during pregnancy. EXTRA*LIQUID If you nurse your baby. i ; May need extra milk and fruit

OTTAWA REPORT

Inter-Parliam

By Patrick

Washington, US.A.: A vivid, new chapter in Canadian-U. S. | relations was written here re- cently, when nine of our Parlia- mentarians met with eight mem- bers of the U. S. Congress to plan regular consultations be- tween legislators of the. two na- tions.

_It was agreed that about 24 Canad'ans will meet with a similar number of U.’S.. dele-

at s to be held in var- ious “cmies alternatively in Can- ada and in the U. S..

The first of these inter--Par- liamentary meetings will be held next June in Ottawa, and will in- clude a visit to see the new St. Lawrence Seaway in operation. ‘Washington, Niagra Fallas, Van- couver and Chicago have been mentioned as possible sites for subsequent. meetings. .

The purpose of these Canadian- U.S. get-togethers, our Commons Speaker Roland Michener told me, is to create the means where- by legislators of the two coun- tries could discuss problems of common concern.

SOURCE OF ANGER i

In other words, this proposal, which was first publicly propos- ed by Prime Minister John Diefenbaker at a speech in the U. S. last summer, is to give us a chance to say at the Parlia- mentary level: ‘The trouble with you Yankees is that you tread on our Canadian toes, clumsily but without intention, by doing~thus and so’. And our neighbours will have- an equal opportunity |

Forecasting Without Fear

Arthur Blakely in The Montreal Gazette

Article IV ‘A) of the bylaws. of the Ottawa Pundits, Prpphets and Prognost.cators, Local 333 of the International Union. of Sorcerers, Seers, Crystal Ball Gazers, Weather Forecasters, | Teacup Readers and Horgscope Casters states explicitely: ‘‘At the beginning of each new year every member of this organiza- tion shall, in order to remain a member in good standing, sup- ply proof of prescience by listing selected events which he regards as likely to orrur during the 12- month period immediately follow ing: The said prophesies to be

socthsayer, from premonitions, the*reading of entrails, systems of astrology, the interpretation of | omens or the consultation of the Delphic oracle, the Cumaean Sibyl or other comparable and equally reliable sources asces- sibles to the soothsaver.”

In strict accordance with the terms of this article, it ean be stated authoritatively that on at least one occasion, sometime or other during the coming year: WINTER EMPLOYMENT

Canadian Labor Congress Pres- ident Claude Jodoin will describe winter unemployment as having reached ‘‘alarming’’ proportions and will express regret that the Government had not seen fit to follow his suggestion that — cor- rective measures (unspecified) be adopted.

Labor Minister Michael Statr will assure Parliament that the

unemployment situation is’ not as grave as it appears to be since, although “unemployment

totals have increased compared with those of a year ago, the rate of increase has slackened. It you see what he means.

Thé need for Senate reform will be strongly urged in the House of. Commons as essential if Canadian democratic forms are to be’ preserved. V4

The Senate will retaliate by urging reform of the House of Commons.

ECONOMIC UPTURN A Conservative backbencher

tempting to deliver a speech without the benefit of a text or,

.

political parties will express to

OUTONALUMB ~*~

entary Talks~

Nicholson

of expressing their beefs about our government policies.

As one U.S. Congressman said at last week's talks, the subjects

upon which agree are very tears and more |

much more

important: than those which rankle unresolved in our — Examples of he -differenc which might be reviewed at the Meeting next June include: US.’ wheat disposal programs, boun- dary water issues, fisheries pro- blems, U. S. trade restrictions. defence production contracts Those are subjects of Canadian complaint, because- U. S. policy qn those fields incidentally but unintentionally harms our in terests. The reverse of the coin throws up such matters as our | restrictions on the importation of U.S. turkeys and frozen peas- which are by Comparison pea- nuts.

None of these subjects was ex-z! plored in the least detail at this first. meeting, which was essen- tially an organizational mee‘ihg and get-together occasion. Its purpose was, as C.C.F. ledaer Hazen Argue said, “to explore what fields future meetings | should explore and how they | should explore them". |

The Canadian delegation to this organizational meeting was representative of both our Houses | of Parliament, of all political | parties represented therein, and | as far as possible of the various | regions with special interests. | The joint leaders of our delega- tion were Senate Speaker Mark Drouin and Commons - Speaker

for that mater, copious notes... Trade Minister Gorden Church- |

| Juices. If you don't nurse, your’ | doctor may restrict the amount | Of liquids you can drink. There will be a vaginal dis- qharge for — deys, or ng.

“Roly” Michener. Much of the work fell upon them, but they re ceived help from all their collea- gues, especially Niagara’s Lib- eral M.P. Bill. Houck. who as an| Weeks followi birth. At first American-born Canadian got a| it will be red. then it will change | big kick out of his role in Wash-| to yellow and finally to white. ington: and from Hazen Argue| Again. this is a natural fune- and from Toronto's Senator W.R.| tion. Don’t let it worry you un- Brunt. j less there is an offensive odor. MORE IN FUTURE | If this occurs. it might mean an This initial group, which also infection. And that, of course, include the Yukon’s Erik. Nei]-| Means that you should consult son, Kamloops’ Senator Sydney | Your doctor. Smith, Montreal's “Dose 1} HARD TO SAY Chevrier and Windsor’s Richard It's difficult to say just when Thrasher. will constitute the per-| you will notice your monthly manent Canadian members of | periods again. They may begin this international Parliamentary , Within a mon‘h and a half or fwo committee. At future’ meetings,| months after birth if you don’t

have awarded First Class perhaps as many as 15 additional| nurse your baby. — J . according to word receiv- MPs and Senators wil’ attend, | If you do nurse him, it may be from. army cadet headquart-

occasion | several months before you notice | regions er | any indication that your periods special interests likely to figure have resumed. prominently on the agenda One more thing: generally, it This was the first occasion is more difficult to become preg- when Canadian and S. Legis-| Dant during the months a mother lators have met together since} is nursing a baby, but it is not | 1943. when eight U. S. Congress-| impossible. : men! were invited to attend the| QUESTION AND ANSWE Commonweal h Parliamentary A.G.B.: Can you tell me _ the Conference. Regular meectings| prognosis of a patient with gas- | of this two-nation committee will| trict cancer for the pasi 10 serve the valuable purpose of en-| Years? : :

representing on each especially those

suring that each: legislature con-| Answer: The prognosis &as | tains ‘som’ members familiar | improved in certgin areas in} with the thinking in te other} which physicians ~ have mdin- | country’s legislature. ‘It will not| tained an optimistic and ag-

be just anothe? commitice added | gressive attitude. If cancer has to the proliferating talks which| spread, the prognosis is. of | the meeting: “This committee]

countries. We \now have ex-|° My sheep hear My voiee, and }

clutfer up our modern world. course, poorer. will fill a gap in the exchanges changes on the diplomatic level, 1 know them, and they follow Me.

As Senator Mark Drouin told} The Age Old Story of thought between our’ two

and on the Cabinet level-both| —— confidential. But these exchanges | the adjournment of House busi- between the rank and file of our) ness to permit the discussion of

legislatures will be less escret/ an energency topic of urgent na- and meet an apparent need.” 'gional importance will be ruled pee iy eee out of order after the most care | reports that a Government econ- ful consideration by the Speaker omy drive ‘a new one, to be. an- | A record number of applicants

| nounced this year) will-lead to/for Senate appointments wil

any wholesale purze of the Civil | lose faith in the ‘Prime -Minister’s

| Serv.ce ability to choose wisely and>well

+MISQUOTES Mr. Stanley Knowles, executive | Severa! Cabinet Ministers, a-| Vice-President of the Canadian

hill will, with a fine display of confidence, forecast a gradual upturn in economic conditions.

Parliamentarians will com- plain about the shortage of park ing spaces on Parliament Hill. Emergence of a long-forgotten Roya] Commission to present its report will cause a frantic search of the records to ascertain under which Government it received its appointment.

Finance Minister Donald M.

| will

Labor Congress, will come out clearly and firmly in favor of the proposed new farm-labor party and.w.ll weep, the while; the/com A member of the large and|ing extinction of the Liberal ‘Par growing band of long-weekend- | ty ing M.P.’s will miscalculate and| U.S. wheat giveaways and arrive back in the Capital on a/| curbs on imports of Canadian raw Monday, to the vast astonish-| materials will alike be assailed ment of his colleagues lin Parliament during the new Ambitious young Conservatives | session. : manifest an obsessive in- Despite the best intentions in the long-delayed ap-|the world, Parliament will run

long with other luminaries not at eresent of Cabinet rank. will con- fess to having been misquoted on one tepic or another

terest in

Fleming will accuse crtics of the Goverament’s financial and mon- etary policies of being harbingers of gloom and doom.

Prime’ Minister

Diefenbaker

“Will receive another letter from | Russian Premier Nikita Khrush-

chev suggesting that Canada abandon her warlike policies and become eligible for. a share of the goodies being dispensed by the Soviet paradise.

M.P.’s_ representative of all Transport Minister George Hees a warm interest in being given free Passes on the nation’s air- lines; ‘thé better to keep in touch with their constituents. LIBERAL HOPES

Opposition Leader Lester Pear son, giddy from a byelection suc cess, will disclose that the Liber al Party entertains serious hopes of winning the next general elect ion.

One of Parliament's chronit absentees, on a flying visit to Ottawa, will encounter grave difficulty’ in persuading a zeal ous guard that he is, indeed, an. M.P° and: is thus entitled to at- tend a meeting of his party’s caucus?

CCF House Leader Hazen Ar- gue, will change that the Western farmer has been betrayed by the Government:

Finance. Minister Fleming's 1959-60 budget will prove a griev

pointment of Parliamentary as-|far past the Government's dead-

Sistants, -with the curiosity of} line for ending the session and

some outstripping, their pruden-| Members of parliament § wiil

ce. mourn the arrival of-hot weather Several Opposition motions for | and yow never again.

a = se acne 7

Russia’s New Proposals.

| Was not considered to

, Court for a ruling on its validity.

| lines proposed by Polish Foreign

‘ - .

OUR/ YESTERDAYS

( The Guardian Files)

YEARS AGO (Jan. 14, 1934)

place the Fairchild plane’ on the | Moncton - Charlottetown route while its engines are being over- hauled. The plane was flown here by Pilot W.W. Fowler.

City firemen were called out yesterday to extinguish a fire on the deck of the S.S. Harland. It is understood that some packing around the smoke-stack became ignited by a spark from the chim- ney of a small stove. Damage be too great although it might have de- veloped, into greater proportions but for the action of the fire de- dartment.

TEM YEARS AGO .- (Jan. 14, 1949) Sale and manufacture of mar- garine was banned in Prince Ed- ward Island yesterday. for the

would be $8. There was no im

THE WAY

Mr. Stanley Knowles says the ‘Liberal party is dead but won't lie down—which is perhaps better than the CCF fate of boing buried ‘alive.—Hamilton Spectator ~

Perhaps what's wrong with Canedians is that their credit isn't long enough. nm @ least one of the southern United States,-a down payment on a home. which

| means two bedrooms, a carport —

spoom,.- is:

@ |} is true that ‘this is just the be | ginning i . a

dicated the monthly payment dication in the advertisement a bout how many months.—The Printed Word :

VISIT FROM THE SEA

Far from the hud sea beaches

Where he goes fishing and cry ing,

Here in the inland ‘garden

Why is the sea gull flying?

Here are no fish to dive for;

Here is the corn and lea;

Here are the green trees rustl- ing. 2

Hie away ome to sea!

Fresh is the river water

And quiet among the rushes; : This is no home for the sea gull} But for the rooks and thrushes

Pity the bird that has wandered’ Pity the sailor ashore! +e Hurry him home to the ocean Let him come here no morel

High on the sea-cliff ledges

The white gulls are tropping an@ crying

Here among rocks ahd roses,

time being at least. This was | Why is the sea gull flying? done. by procia: ion of the ai Provincial Dairy Andustry Act Robert Louis Stevenson

passed in 1937 but never put into

force until today. Premier Jones |.

said the Act would be referred immediately to the Supreme

Competing in the C.C.R.A. rec- reational shooting competition recently, thirty-eight army cad- ets of the West Kent School. Charlottetown, qualified for and

ers Eastern Command. Shooting in the competition was super- vised by N.S. MacLeod, chief instructor of West Kent School Cadet Corps. ?

that there will be no withdrawal from Berlin except in the context of German reunification under free elections — a concept that

Russia approved in principle at Repairing and the Geneva summit conference of Supplies 1955. POLISH FEARS Oil Heating

It also sought to reassure Rus- Household Appliances sia and its satellites against any ‘Television revival .of the German militarism they profess to dread. Poland has 112 Kent Se. been especially vocal an this DIAL 4027

point. '

Should a reunited Germany de- cide to join NATO. Lloyd said his program would renounce mili- tary advantage to the West by barring any eastward move by Western troops or NATO de- fences beyond their present posi- tions i

Lloyd also praposed an East German demilitarized zone — a buffer area vaguely along -the

Min.ster Adam Rapacki—and a cut in troops and arms on both sides of the zone.

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By Joseph MacSween Canadian Press Staff Writer

Western governments are deep { thought that his presence in the | in study of the possibilities U.S. at this time—and his sunny counter - proposals to Russia’s | demeanor — are calculated to new-old formula for a German | have a tranquilsizing effect and péace treaty conference remove from American minds, if |

They see Russia's weekend | possible, dip!omatic note as essentially a | Russian imperialism | rehash of old ideas—hammering Khrushchev started his current |

on the theme of a _ neutralized | campaign by demanding Nov. 27 Germany, meaning that Wést | that West Berlin be made a ‘free Germany would turn its back,on | city.” and announcing that Rus-

sian troops would be withdrawn within six months—by May 27. This was taken as an. unaccept- able ultimatum for the Western ocqupying countries to remove their troops as well : | LLOYD’S PLAN Khrushchev’s new communica- |

NATO and be forbidden nuclear weapons of any kind

The only. new aspects appear to be Premier Nikita Khrushchev's proposals of a date for the con- ference, within two months. place, Prague or Warsaw, and participants, 31 countries, includ-

the bogy of ruthless ,

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MIKOYAN ROLE

More important is the implicit eagerness of the ‘Kremlin to get together with the West for talks This is underscored by the U-S.- tour of Russian Deputy Premier Anastas Mikoyan, who presents a

ous disappointment to‘all Oppos: tion spokesmen. :

Prime Minister PDiefenbake: will accuse the Opposition of clut tering up the House of Commons timetable with too many useless time-wasting questions.

The Prime Minister will deny

friendly face and has been acting

| for all the world like a politician

runn.ng for office

Although talkative on a variety topics, Mikoyan has\ been

canny and ‘cryptic in what he's

said about the West Berlin and

more moderate in tone, and are interpreted as an opportunity for Western counter - proposals thal could result in a full-blown con- ference -not only on Berlin and

in general. i There was no official hint of what such counter - proposals

might contain, but a possible clue

Minister Selwyn Lloyd in address ing fhe British House ~f Com mons.

Lloyd's plan tirst of au recog

German questions. [t's generally

ye

nized the Western basic position

tions are broader in scope and |

Germany but European security ;

was given last month by Foreign .

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