. Prince Edward Island and none was

- Yespondence School, established an

ed to Summerside as ativertising

' ability and wide. experience, were

‘ thies, his high ideals tizenship,

-spected all creeds and won the

. though he would be the last to feel

'; <prefer to be known as just a good

“-versy and court actions.-In January

_ quent amendments. These amend-

_the result was quite inconclusive.

_However, only 47.4 ‘percent of the

it eas

“The late Mr,. Duncan J. Bonnell many of his active business:

ter years in British Columbia; yet few men retained closer ties with

more widely known and esteemed in this, his native Province. - _

> He started his career with this newspaper, and soon became fore- man of the cOmposing room. In his off hours he studied advertis- ing through the International Cor-

advertising dgency and later mov-

manager for R. T. Holman, Limit- ed, where he acquired the, practical + experience that proved invaluable | to him in building up his own chain of stores in Sydney, Glace Bay and North Sydney. In these ventures he was outstandingly successful, but ill health obliged him to dispose of his business and return to Charlotte- town. Though in retirement, his keen interest in community affairs, his

goon recognized and his services were sought, and freely given, in and other work for worthwhile or- ganizations of many kinds. ' No one could come in contact with Mr. Bonnell without being im- pressed by his broad h 1 sympa-

his gift for leadership and—per- haps more than anything else—by his modesty and sociability.°A man of deep religious convictions, he re-

esteem and confidence of all classes by. his tolerance and _ rectitude. Those who were privileged to know him as a &iend could say much more about this fine Christian gentleman,

comfortable under plaudits of any kind. He would, we think, much

citizen. \

Like his brother, the Rev. Dr. J. §. Bonnell, he cherished deep af- fection for his native Province, for its people and ways of life. On his last visit here, last summer, he ex- pressed regret that his health did not permit of his remaining per- manently. During all his years of “exile” he read Island newspapers voraciously, and corresponded fre- quently with local friends and acquaintances. He was always a part of this community, in, his thoughts and in the thoughts of those who knew him. ‘That,-perhaps, is _. the kind of tribute he would value most.

To his widow, .brothers and sister, the Guardian tenders sincere

sympathy. { pts Ontario Hog Marketing

For more than a year, notes the Ottawa Citizen, the producer-con- trolied hog marketing scheme in Ontario has beeri steeped in contro-

the Appeal Court of Ontario upheld a decision that the plan presented by the Farm Products Marketing Board in 1957 was invalid. The 1957 plan was in effect a consolidation of the original 1949 plan and, subse-

ments included some features of a compulsory nature that were strong- ly objected to by many hog. produc- ers. -

Critics and supporters alike had an opportunity last July to. express their views on the 1957 plan, but

Technically, it appeared that the plan had been endorsed by the re- - «quired two-thirds of ‘those voting.

78,678 eligible voters bothered to cast a ballot at all. All that can be said is that, the pros got out more of the vote than the antis,.for ‘a ‘majority of 68.2 percent was achiev- ed. An actual adverse vote was re- corded in a number of important hog producing counties, — $5

Chief Justice McRuer that the vote

principle of producer control .over blanket endorsation of individual

marketing of farm products without | [2

- good opportunity to settle the basis on which producer gontrol of mar- - keting can be made acceptable -to the great majority, and also to devise better ways of testing ‘opin- ion.. The present situation—there have been other disputes apart from hogs—is far from satisfactory.

Hall Of. Fame

The United States has a national shrine known as the “Hall of Fame for Great Americaris”. Elections are held every 5 years, and nominations -are made by the public. The College of Electors, which does the actual - eleating after ~ nominations - have— been made, is made up of promin- ent citizens; and they are selected from each of the 49 States.

Recently the College was streng- thened by the addition’ of 47 mem- bers including Mr. Bernard M. Baruch, the well known financier” and adviser to Presidents; Mr. Adlai E. Stevenson, titular head of the Democratic Party; Dr. Jones Salk, discoverer of the anti-polio vaccine’ that bears his name; Mr. George Meaney, labour leader; General Al- fred Gruenther, President of the Na- tional’ Red Cross and former com- mander of NATO forces; Mr. Her- bert Lehman, former United States’ ‘Senator and Governor of New York, and Mrs. Franklin D. Roose- velt, widow of the late President.

These appointments bring the number of electors to 151. The 1960 election will be the 13th since the shrine was opened on New York University’s Bronx campus in 1901.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Conservatives. have chosen two excellent candidates for Fifth Queens in Messrs. J.D. Stewart: and Alban Farmer, the -one a former, ‘Mayor of the City, the other a former Councillor; both well versed in public affairs and both able to give a good account of themselves, on the hust- ings-or.in the House. . * * From London comes word that 100 young men and women from British firms will work behind the _counters of Canadian and American department stores next summer un- der -a plan worked out by the Dol- lar Exports Council. The idea is that in daily contest With Canadian and *

American shoppers they will see where any British item fails to

please.

* * Aa

e population of Pitcairn Island,

re mutineers from the “Bounty” took refuge in: 1782, is rising, ac-. cording to a U.N. report.,In 1948 138° persons lived on.the island. Last year there were 143. It is a fine ¢ place to live, too. It has no public “debt and no taxation, except for a charge of one shilling for’ each fire-

arm.

Electricity is now being harness-

_ ed to pat powder on a lady’s cheek. An advertisement in a New York paper offeys (for $35) a device sim- ilar in size and appearance to a small eleetric shaver but accompanied by a collection of soft, tiny buffers. It is, in effect, a vibrator for applying make-up, “foundations, creams,

power, rouges and lotions,”

ein: @ *

The “Arrow debate” was one of the most important to come before the House of Commons™since the end of the Second World War, But Ottawa reports state that: one-third of the members were absept. from the House for the debate. The ab- sentees were said to bé equally divided among the Conservative and Liberal benches. This, surely calls for an explanation. What ~veason had these $10,000-a-year men for | their absence? We trust that our local members were not among the defaulters. Doubtless the bulk of © | them were “weekenders” from On- tario and Quebec. In any @ase, it-was

‘teen in the Parliament Buildings.

| of the artificial heart and plastic replacement organs, which ap-

.joss makes heart operations both

_ professionals among his addience,

‘tions immensely simplified.

‘policy entailed can only serve to

ifears of white domination—fears

=

fe : .

‘ a ee Merwe + 3 aM “ i A i AB eg Mi cM cies Saige 1.

a sorry, showing, — dip

@ SAPKINS

CAN WE.DO THE SAME?

OTTAWA-REPORT —

By Patrick

Dr. P. B.. Rynard, Conserva- tive MP. for Orilliia and chair man of the joint Parliamentary Health Committee, hast week re- vived a very happy tradition in arranging a lunch meeting of the committee with a famous guest speaker. :

“Our purpose is to try to bring the most advanced medical thought to the attention of Parlia- ment,”’ he tokd me.

Among the members atte: were ex-chairman Dr. W. H. Mc- Millan of Welland, Kamloops’ Senator Sydney Smith, P. E. L's Senator Florence Inman, Rose- dale’s David Walker, Barrie’s He- ber Smith, Fort William's Hubert Badanai and Nanaimo’s Bus Mat- thews. Guests bropught the at- tendance up to nearly 80, which jammed the famous Room Six-

*Groundhogs & Heart Surgery

The guest speaker was Dr. “Bill” Mustard, of Toronto's Sick Children’s. Hospital and of the Banting Institute. He gave a most instructive yet witty address on the amazing developments in life-saving heart surgery, bring- ing us right up to modern use

pear to be eliminating the only advantage the Model T Ford had over the human body. And he described -the “‘deep freeze" and other possible methods of slowing down the flow of blood, whose

messy and dangerous. LAUGHS FOR LAYMEN

Although there were several Dr. Mustard came right down to the lay how Dr. Bigeolw of Toronto keeps a groundhog farm, where he is experimenting to see just what makes groundhogs hibernate.

If humans could hibernte—nam- ely, slow down our metabolism, allow our body temperatures to fall to near freezing, and deceler- ate our heart beats from the nor- mal 72 to one or two per min ute—the flow of blood would be greatly diininished and opera-

Dr. Mustard also hinted at oth- er uses of hibernation. Think what a wonderful way to dispose tem- porarily of a mother-in-law; .what help it would bé in many other operations and in the treatment

level in describing) i

Nicholson’

= .

The medical reason which mak- es sense of the old wives’ tale about Groundhog Day was ex- plained to me by Dr. Rynard.

On clear sunny days in’ mid winter, the air always colder

f :

wa ERR SR fil

it

«ke e

i

,

complete starva- he is skinny

:

about six weeks, he be- fill‘ out and his coat los- moth-eaten appearance. rogresses steadily, until by

ae 5

ae E nn =

of mental disorders.

Crisis In

By» Ken

Canadian Press Staff Writer

The stage is set in the African federation of Rhodesia and Nyas- aland for a new crisis in British colonial affairs that could dwarf into insignificance the recent Cyprus blood bath.

Emerging from the riots in]

Nyasaland and’ he emergency measures to meet them is a head- on clash between white authority and Negro nationalism.

. Such a clash could wreck Bri- tain’s hope of welding white- dominated Rhodesia and the pre- dominately Negro protectorate of Nyasaland into an independent multi-racial federation with full Commonwealth status.

The emergency measures may suppress the present waves of rioting that have already claimed about 30 lives, but the repressive

aggravate, rather than ease, the main cause of friction — African fears of white domination® BARELY SELF-SUPPORTING

Nyasaland, a long, narrow finger of land on the eastern edge of the federation, is a barely self-supporting unit with some 5,000 white settlers scattered among 2,500,000 natives.

Despite protests by its pre dominantly Negro population, Nyasaland was pushed into fed- eration in 1953° because Britain félt this offered the protectorate its best chance of economic sur- vival, ‘

_ The protests were caused by

that have been increased by Rhodesian demands for full in- dependence within the Common- wealth and legislation, in South- ern. Rhodesia to strengthen the of white ‘settlers on the ad- inistration. ‘

Nyassaland

etheral

of the federation scheduled to be reviewed in 1960, agitation has been growing in Nyasaland to re- main as a. British protectorate and leave the federation despite its obvious economic benefit ..

The decision to deport Dr. Hastings K. Banda, leader of the African National Congress in Nyasaland, is certain to have wide political repercussions.’ Rather than weakening native re- solve, it may weil result in much the same in flammatory reaction as occurred Greek Cyp- riots when Archbishop Makarios was exiled from Cyprus three years ago. § 4 AGGRANDIZEMENT CLAIMED

White settlers regard Banda and other congress leaders as “irresponsible” politicians _ stir- ring up trouble for their own personal andizement,

But many ers who have

visited the area report that Banda and his colleagues are only giving articulate expression to a deep-seated feeling -of dis- content and resentment among the entire native population of the federation. _ ' The question of who is re sponsible for the présent situation if rapidly becoming of secondary importance to that of how the trouble ig to be stopped.

Unless it is stopped—and soon —Nyasaland appears headed for the same vicious ciréf® of punish- ment and reprisal that developed in Cyprus ; 4

Only - this time there Greece and Turkey to step in| and negotiate a truce.

New we see through a glass

-| excellent satisfaction in respect

~} parents are determined their chil-

is’ no |

The Age Old Story |” overs sug pets-r te

@arkly; but then face to face.

i

“PUBLIC FORUM| e.calis down betore trying

This column its open to the discus

sion by correspondents of question ¢

interest. The Guardian dees not neses

sarily en‘orse the -opinion ef corres pondents.

a

GRADING IN OUR SCHOOLS

Sir, have been asked by the committee in charge of’ the Edu- cation Week activities to contri- bute some comments with spe- cial reference to grading in our schools. Being a supervisor - of rural schools °my remarks will center chiefly about thig kind of school.

' The business of grading, which seems on first consideration to-be a matter which should entail \ré latively few problems, is perhaps one of the most concerning prob- lems in at least 70- percent. of our classrooms. I would have you note, however, that there is

to grading in about 30 percent. of the schools. We do commend the teachérs of this latter group of schools for the capable and conscientious manner in which they discharge their responsibili- ties. Now, let us look at some of the causes of unsatisfactory grad- ing and some ways that might help eliminate these causes.

HW one were to give a general cause one could say that perhaps the real difficulty lies in the too widespread desire among peo- ple to get something for nothing. While we frankly admit that our outmoded rural school system, lack of sufficient finances, poor facilities, and an insufficient num- ber of properly qualified teachers are important factors in the prob- lem, at the same time we know: too many pupils want reward without honest effort;“too many teachers are indifferent to quality in school work; and too many

dren will grade in sPite of wise advice to the contrary. ' >We must, if w® are to over- come these bad characteristics in present day education, get back bo a proper sense of values. We must rid ourselves of the notion that we can ever replace genu- ine study “and application to school work, ‘dedication, to the task of instruction, and support oa academic etand- ards. ‘

Anyone who teaches is well aware of the individual differenc- es in children. Some catch on to school work with remarkable quickness. Ohers are very slow in learning. The great majority belong to the large average and above average group who do well with reasonable effort and proper guidance. By insisting ] that all children have a similar. exposure to education regardless of \gtudent’s variation in in- terest and capacity, we inflict a serious forme of inequality upon our young people.

The all too popular system of having children from the age of |. six on, go forward in lock step, one grade per. year is bound to mean the brighter pupils are go- ing to find the work unchalleng- ing with the result that interest will wane. On the other hand the slower pupils are apt to fi the work beyond them and thusiasm for school may be As an alternative it is often gested and advised that the of the earlier grades shou a large unit of work which wii most in:

year earlier or later dependi upon their abilities. The net result should be ample, opportun- ity for

a

gigadie

& »

this mouth open and the spoon

‘with the pupils in a short time..

f teachers and others interested.

| ity as schools is definitely a

«ally, ond ‘i Sometimes it is best to give only half a teaspoonful at a time. This way less of the medicine is apt to be spilled. NO CHOICE place the spoon on the and hold it there. Tip it a small amount onto the the tongue. As long as the spoon in place, the can't spit out the medicine therefore has no choice but to swallow it. UW the child clamps ‘his mouth shut tightly, you can wrap him snugly in a sheet or blanket, thus freeing both of your hands to get

inside.

Otherwise, it probably is best to let father hold the youngster on his lap so he can’ grab the youngster’s wrists while mother administers the medicine.

ONE PATIENT

Dr. White also»elis how to hold the child if only one par- ent is around to give the medi- cine, but this becomes a bit com- plicated what with holding the child's legs between your knees etc.

As I said, this is a real bat- tle plan.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Mrs. M. S&S. E.: Would you please tell me the symptoms aad effects of multiple sclerosis in its early stages?

Answer: Multiple sclerosis may affect areas scattered throughout the nervous ~system and can produce symptoms. in all regions of the body. In general these in- clude numbness and Vingling, weakness and paralysis, distur- bance of vision, speech and bal- ance, loss of weight and strength and many other symptoms of a like nature.

standing of each member of the classroom. In many school sys tems in our country a cumulative record is an essential part of the school record system. Therein is recorded a great Many pertin- ent facts which will help a new teacher become fully acquainted

The record commences when the cpild is in Grade I and fol- lows him from grade to grade and school to school. The ten- dency is away from the old4ash- ioned report card, which reports only such facts as the pupil's scholarship, conduct, and attend- ance and towards a more com- prehensive report form contain- ing, in addition to the traditional facts, information on the pupil’s habits and character traits. A certain amount of time and energy are required to establish and to -ke@p these records but these requirements are negli-, gible compared with the value of the.-records to pupils, the tea- chers, the parents, and the school officials. i

The lack of an effective evalu- ation or testing program, es- pecially for the higher grades, is a chronic weakness in many school systems. Our Province

here to even begin to deal with this topic adequately, therefore, my remarks on K will be con fined to several suggestions which may be of some help to

Kt is obviously extremely dif- ficult for all but the most exper- ienced teachers to evaluate re- sults when a class has but one, two, or three members. Very few rural classes have more than five members. One would, it seems to me, need at least twenty,

determine a reasonable minimum standard in any examination. Our almost coinplete individual-

handicap in this respect.

For too many years we ;-have been satisfied with a district standard. As long as Johnny of one family attains a’ higher mark than Jimmy of afidther family, parents are too often well satis- fied. No real thought is given to a good Provincial standard and much less to a reasonable Can- adian standard — to help over- come the difficulty’ of small clats members, schools could work together on a testing pro-

is no exception. K js not possible |

pupils in a class in order to),

H nue

2 i

gE iF &6

Eg tf

i

“pupil ~ from —grade—to— le; moreover they — and this is most — allow pupil stan- darmis to be compared with sat- isfactory Provincial and Cana- dian standards.

many people want results with- out application of reasonable effort. A prospective employer is pot as concerned about the facts a student may or may not retain _as he is about proven ability. Ability is most readily shown by the meeting of the required standard in school. work.

On too many occasions parents vigorously insist that their chil- dren must grade regardless of results attained and some teach-| ers, in order to appease thent?] give way to the demands. Par! ents who encourage and inspire their children to do better work, ppovide comfortable and suitable places for home study, support the decisions of teachers and su- pervisors in grading matters are the wise parents. By so do- ing they are probably insuring that their dreams and ambitions for their children will come true.

Finally, cooperation is essential in grading as it is in all school matters. No school can succeed in attaining its goals un less there is abundant coopera- tion from all those connected with the school. .

I am, Sir, ete., R. WILSON ROSS Supervisor of Schools

HOSPITAL INSURANCE

Sir,I would like to comment on the recent Hospitalization Plan proposed by the Govern- ment of Prince Edward Island.

First, I would like to congra- tulate the members of the Le- gislature for that wonderful step to help the sick in Prince Ed- ward Island and the financial sit- uation of the hospitals. But as has been said before the rates are very high for not a full pro- gram as they have in Saskatche- wan, for example, at even lower rates. The only difference is that it is compulsory, which I. think should be the same. here so-that everybody would help one anoth- er‘s burden.

It ts going to be hard for the farmers and labourers of the Province, with the high cost of living and low income, to meet the cost. Labourers are getting the lowest wages here of any province in Canada and the far- mers are not getting more with the present potato and hog pric- 6

How is the farmer going to meet the liigh standard of living that Canada is facing today? How are the common people— farmers and labourers—going to pay for that proposed plan? Even food is quoted as very high in percentage in the cost of liv- ing. It is said that in ten years

Canada. will be short of food if |

| | :

i if

i :

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=

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£ &

—Frances Frost In the Christian Science Monitor

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (Mareh 6,. 1934)

Anticipation that the construe-

capital of this province with the

undertaken this summer, was ex- pressed in the Speech from the Throne delivered by Lt. Gover- nor DeBlois at the opening of the

The function was marked by time-honoured ceremonial and military display. ¢g

On Monday afternoon the lad-. ies of the Summerside Golf Club held their annual meeting and elected their officers for the com- ing year. Mrs. H. T., Holman, president, presided. The follow- ing officers*weére elected for the coming year: President, Mrs. G. Ennis Smith; Vice - Presi- dent, Miss F. H. Hunt; See. Treasurer, Mrs. F. J. E. Wright.

TEN YEARS AGO

(March 6, 1949) Rt. Rev. adjutor Bishop of the Anglicas diccese of Nova Scotia is visit- ing Summerside at the present time. Bishop Waterman will be in Summerside until Tuesday morning. when he wil go to Char- lottetown accompanied by Arch- bishop Harrison to attend a meet- ing of the Diocesan Church Soe- iety.

City streets were without light last night for about a half hour when icy streets caused an auto- mobile to strike, an electric light pole on King Street, knocking high tension wires to:the ground. The matter was quickly investi- gated and lighting conditions set back to normal. The accident oc- eurred about 7 o'clock.

came to Canada in the last couple of years.

Nothing is being done for the farmers; everything is being done_for wars and tourists. The farmers are the backbone of ‘our country, more 30 in Prince Edward Island because farming is the most important industry. The farmers are more or less at the mercy of big business who control their products and give them whatever they..want to for it. On what principle is our count- ry to be run — profit or human needs? Therefore I say to the farmers of Prince Edward Is- land, ‘Pay the hospital insur- ance, but get together and work co-operatively through your loc- al organization and then through your central organization, which, I hope, will speak for you in the near future.”

I am, Sir, etc.

the growing population continues, including the immigrants who

: YOUNG MAN Richmond R.R. °

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‘Ed's Slogan: “To maintain the goodwill of jnaerve — the goal for which weaatrive!™

656) Charlottetown

tion of a highway linking the . Trans-Canada Highway will be |

Legislature yesterday afternoons._

R.H. Waterman, -eo 3