l Publllnod our! weekday morning II no Prince street. can ' lutletown, P. E. l.. by Tho Thornton Company Limited. 'CovIrI Prince Edward Inland Like the Dow" Editor and Manager. In A Burnout. Auoclou Editor. Frank Walker lunch omen II Summerllda. Ilonluun and Albenon. Autho- lud no Second Clan sun by the Pool Office Department.

. Ottawa. I I! Cnrrlu: Charlottetown. Summerndo 815.00 per annum Else ' when to P. E. I 88.01:. or Province: and U 8. A. Iuoa

per lnnum.

"The strongest memory In weaker thin the wcukell lnk."

THURSDAY. OCT. 28, 1954

The tluoen Mother

Elizabeth, the Queen Mother, is again a welcome and honoured guest in the United States. She will, however. spend the last six days of her three weeks visit to this side of the Atlantic amongst her own peo- ple. Canadians.

Many changes have taken place in thc, world since Her Majesty visited these countries with the late King, her husband,,l in 1939. At that time she was already welll acquainted with sudden events and un-l expected responsibilities but the years thatl have intervened make those earlier days seem almost tranquil by comparison.

On that pre-war visit she captured the hearts of Canadians and Americans alike

for, although not a whit less a queen fharl the late Queen Mary, she showed what royalty should be in what is for better or for worse the century of the common man. It is her example, rather than that of her predc('cssors., that serves largely as a model for her daughter the Queen.

Despite a certain amount of feudal cere-9 mony in the Coronation, the Queen today is Queen of all her subjects rather than the feudal superior of the higher nobility.l The change did not come suddenly but was! most marked and humanized by the pre- sent Queen Mother. It has enabled royalty to visit republics and find its relations not- greatly different than in democracies that, take the form of constitutional monarchies.

ZTHE GUARDlANl

I rope, North America and Asia. A few de-

place in the first rank." Stefansson. Pearv declared, mixed intelligence, persistence and will'powcr with the Eskimo's skill to de- velop a self-supporting way of life in the far north.

As interpreter of the ”friendly Arctic", Stefansson had set about to eradicate un- founded notions, principally that all Arctic lands are unproductive and forever ice- ibound. He pointed to the polar skies as potential air lanes between northern Eu-

cades after he broached these ideas, in- dustry marched northward for raw ma- terials. Only months ago a 357-mile rail- road carried its first load of iron ore from the remote Ungava deposits on the Quebec- Labrador boundary. To the west, pros- pectors are today feverishly scanning thf border between Saskatchewan and the Northwest Territories for uranium. Farth- er north, Canada and the United States are planning a huge radar warning system to guard the continent's vital heartland from sudden attack. The United States Air Force now regularly flies weather planes over the North Pole itself. Twelve days after Dr. Stefansson's birthday an interna- tional air line opened twice-weekly ser- vice between Los Angeles and Copenhagen via northern Greenland.

In the spring of 1914 Stefansson and two companions trudged 600 miles from Alaska over the moving pack ice of thl Beaufort Sea. Equipped with one sledge, six dogs and food for only 40 days, they worked northeast from floe to floe, some- times against contrary currents. Mostly they lived off seals they were able to kill, until-after 96 days-they reached land near Banks Island. By the outside world they had been given up for dead. Instead, an old theory died: that no life existed on the polar seas.

In later expeditions Stefansson discov- ered Brock and Borden Islands. By 1917 he had explored more than 100,000 square miles and traveled 20,000 miles by sled and

It even made it possible for republics T0: dog team alone, often through none.too.

. accept the monarch as Head of the Com- friendly pools of melted snow,

monwealth.

All that aside, the Queen Mother is be- loved both inside and outside the Common-. wealth. Her personal charm and friendly

p heart have. endeared her to all. Her wel- : come will be that of a friend who has gone: through troubles with us as well as being the mother of our Queen. '

Schools Teach Firming

EDITORIAL NOTES

l British newspapers were looking forward l to increased newsprint supplies but are now faced with a 25 per cent reduction in size because of the emergency caused by the dockersl strike. The national dailies which have been appearing in eight pages will now have to squeeze their contents into six

C

To become successful farmers today. young people must learn the technical as well as the practical side of the business.

, This lesson has been learned in this coun-' try and also, according to News from Scol- land, in the land that is better known abroad for heather than for its fine farms.l To meet the need for agricultural educa-,' tion 2 number of residential schools have been started by local authorities in various parts of Scotland, all providing, in differ- ent ways, integrated courses in which practical instruction in various aspects oi agricultural life is combined with the study of cultural subjects such as English, history, art and science. ;

Most of the schools have room only for pupils from surrounding districts, but some also take students from other parts of Scotland. Practical tuition in the fields and gardens attached to the schools and with all types of livestock-a herd of dairy cattle and a modern dairy are part of thcj equipment-forms a large part of every? course. The maintenance and operation oil such machinery as tractors, reapers and potato diggers also play a prominent part on the curriculum. Recreation and physical training are not neglected and every school has its own playing fields, reading and games rooms.

Interesting occupations for leisure hour: are of particular value in rural communi- ties, and the boys and girls in the farm schools are encouraged to devote part of their spare time to learning crafts which have a direct application to farm life.

Prophet of The North

Dr. Vilhjalmur Ste-fansson, the "Pro- phet of the North," startled the early 20th century by heralding the Arctic as a self- sustaining region friendly to man. Nowl at 75 he sees his predictions approach; reality. - i

Stefansson was born of Icelandic stock- In Ax-nee, Manitoba, on November 3, 1879.,l

He now lives in Hanover, NH... seat ofl Dartmouth College which acquired his 50,- 000 volume library in 1953. He is assist-l ing Dartmouth in its program of northernl studies and is writing an autobiography-.3 On January 10. .1919, the National Geo-I graphic Society awarded him the Hubbard! ifvfedal for his discoveries in northern Can- ada. On that occasion he was introduced by two other famed Arctic explorers, Rear Admiral Robert E. Peary, discoverer of the North Polc; and Major General A. W. -Gnoly. ' " ”l'Stefannon," sold Admiral Peary then, -. "ll perhaps the Into! the school of Arc- " worker with the dog and

"ii" hM-i'v.W--

hmo.8'J .. - .-,,g,g , :i.- KQW

The Deputy Supreme Commander, Allied

-lion tons of coal expected each year byl

The devastating Salerno flood is blani- ed on the loss of trees and other vegeta- tion and the onset of erosion on the coas- tal hills through the centuries. That factor has not been mentioned in connection with other recent inundations but it seems prob- able that a proper proportion of wooded land would prevent the sudden floods which cause their damage and are over in a matter of hours.

0

Field Marshal the Viscount Montgom- cry of Alamein, K.G., G.C.B., D.S.O., will be spending Remembrance Day in Canada.

Powers in Europe, will arrive at Dorval on November 10 for a ten day visit to this country and the United States and then return to Paris. A few days ago, it will b" recalled, he unveiled in the Western Dc- sert a memorial to some 12,000 Common- wealth forces who have no known graves.

The part which atomic generation of electricity Will play in the future was de- scribed recently by the Chairman of the British Electricity Authority. ”If tl1elex- perimental station at Calder proceeds sat- isfactorily,” he said, "we might find our- selves able to build atomic power stations that by 1970 will generate enough electric- ity to make up for the deficit of 20 mil-

that time."

0 D 0

Salt water, hundreds of tons of it sprayed with an intensity exceeding that of a tropical rainstorm, is one effective method of protecting ships against con- tamination by radioactivc particles, says an Admiralty announcement. This new defen- sive equipmcnt in the atomic age will be installed in all new British warships. It consists of a number of nozzles distributed about the ship through which salt water can be sprayed over all weather surfaces Successful trials were recently carried out in the Royal Navy's experimental cruiser H. M. S. Cumberland.

William Morris Hughes, Australian statesman, died this date 1952. Born in Wales, he went to Australia at the age of twenty. He was a Labour member of Par- liament from its establishment in 1901.-He repeatedly held cabinet rank, including the posts of Attorney General and Premier. Go- ing to England in 1916. he astonished the Labour Party there by preaching vigorous imperialism. In 1929 he founded the Aus- tralian party and published an evangel of empire called "The Splendid Adventure."

lMP2?0uEMfAlfJ' ARE NOTED

Inspection A Time

FOR THE SAME

MAYweHolj;,

....... I. .

"At. least twenty million people living in the world today have Scot- tish ancestors. Many of these were Lowland Scots. men with an almost ruthless genius for getting on abroad. But. the nmiorily were .-lighlanders who left. Scotland in the first place not because they wanted to but because they had to." 30 said David Keir, the Scottish ;oui-nnlist. and broadcast.er,,opeak- ing in the BBC's General Over- 3635 Service. After Prince Charles .'l5lllg in 1745, when the clans were oroken up, many clansmen drifted tn the British Army and later on lllDl.lSBlldS of crofters were evicted ".0 make way for large sheep farms. Greatly dlsbreued, with no homes and no work, whole shlploads cros- sed the oceans because they had nothing else to do. As the nine- teenth century wore on and indus- try grew Highlanders left home to better themselves; they have con- tinued to drift. away from Scot.- land because of the lack of amen- ities which townsfolk take for granted.

A great impetus to supply them with some of the benefits of mod- ern life come from Tom Johnston. Secretary for Scotland in the war- :ime Government. He encouraged .arge forestry schemes which caus- ed the recruitment of n perman- ent labour force in the Highlands Ind the creation of new vlllagrs. He was also mainly responsible for netting up the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board. Its main pur- pose was to turn the vast water supply of the Highland: into electricity, a task complicated by Lhe fact. that the Highlands are wild and mountainous. Tunnels 'ua.ve to be built or pipe lines made Lo take the stored water to new power stations while pl ons are needed to take the new electricity to the consumer. By 1941! two small ichcmes had been completed and me or two big ones were under way, "out engineers and workmen had to :ont.end with immense difficulties before the first of these was cem- oleted at Loch Slay. high in the mountains above Loch Lomond. An equally stirring battle with the forces of nature went on in another

I Power From The Highlands A

had also been created.

grass and about eight. thousand peo- ple were working on them.

north of Inverness, would by 1960 join up a whole series of lochs and

some square miles.

Board already had something to show for the outlay for "apart from

electricity which it exports to in-

dceszwt it. as if a big contributions being made to the regeneration of

lovely Highland glen. Glen Affric in Inverness-shire. Keir went there to see what was taking place and whether, as some people alleged, the Hydro-Electric schemes were spoiling the country's incomparable beauty. From the village of Can- nlc two parallel glans. Cannich and Affrlc, reach into the moun- tains: at the head of each lies a loch and in between them is a mountain. To get sufficient water for'the Cannlch power station the two lochs were dammed and joined by a three and a quarter mile tun- nel driven through the mountain by twn gangs burrowing towards each other. "Now water from both dams surges into the turbines of the power station, and the Glen Affric scheme is supplying electric

light and power not only for ign- land districts but for the grea in- dustries of Clydeslde and even

further afield," said Keir. Some of the natural beauty had undoubted- ly vanished but much new beauty

Many other schemes were in pro-

The newest and biggest. of all, just

rivers over a catchment area of three hundred and fifty Already the Board had spent some hundred million pounds but as water in the end is infinitely cheaper than coat the expense would be justified. The

the ever-increasing amount of dustry in the south of Scotland and England as well, it. has been able, during the last five years or so, to give more than a hundred thousand people in the north of Scotland electricity for the first. time." said Keir. "It does look.

the Highlands? The progressmade so fa is so striking that none of us w 0 have followed it from the beginning can be accused of look- 'ncz through tartan-coloured spect- acles if we now lee A new light. in the I-Il'h'nnd sky."

NOTES BY

The deer season In upon us. and .he prudent farmer will hang a sign reading "piano" on the piano If it can be seen through the pic- ture window. -Winnipeg Tribune.

D

In recent year: some of us have forgotten that, as John Stua:t. Mill pointed out. "the worth of a State. in the long run. is the worth of the individuals composing it." In- stead we have tried to transfer the characteristics of the individual to

It gripes us when hyper-critical people make remarks about others just. because their tastes in any given subject. happen to be dif- ferent. What folk in small towns need to learn is what people the world over need to learn. Namely, that because your neighbor is dif- lerent, it doeantt. necessarily mean that he's crazy. The crazy one might well be Yourself. -Wlng- hum Advance-Tim.

Man's denim for comfort has been reaponnible for much of the world's program. Had it not been for this ever-present. impulse. we ot.lll would be sleeping on mud floor: in primitive huh. Thla de- sin for comfort can be wltneued all about. We want warm, mun homes. We like euy rhalrl to sit on. soft mtttreuea to sleep on. comfortable clothes to wear. Mll- llons are employed on jobs the pro- ducts of which are deolgned to moke Ill comfortable. am. -

The best crime deterrent la the good, old "cut of nine tolll” uyl, Robert Fabian. retired superin- tendent of sc6tlond Yard. "Let the punishment fit the crime" and sleuth lnbian before the Police Auoclntf of Ontario cmventlon Hamilton. rutal crime call: for rough treatment. He may be right at that. In the do I when P: took '...J... to the shed, we had re-

Since 1934 he has been intermittently in office. ' I i ' ” s i

if

.1.

have been bu-pk trnunoat; Jun-

rnnrkobly little delinquency. It may

-Windsor ,0

7

THE WAY

lor walled and Ma used her hanky. but it was a brisk age and a brisk therapy was called feral Maybe this is what is needed now --London Free Press.

1

Farmers throughout North Am- erica undoubtedly will be happy to know that agricultural scientists have fond ways of using radio waves to test. the fre:.line:.s oft eggs. of mechanically rec-ordlm the strength of egg shells and of discovering cracks by electronic "listening". The experts however, have not yet been able to find a gadget that will measure the cur- ious growth that seems to take place in so many eggs between the time they are bought from the farm as "mediums" and sold to the housewife as "large". Saturday Night.

The other night we found our- selves watching a telecast of some Maple mats and the Black Hawks. sort of encounter between the As nearly as we could determine. the object of the exercise was to establish who could hit whom the hardest and the moat ff uently with sticks and fun. We are old on k to remember when there used to be a game called hockey Since this is no longer played. we would suggest. to the C.B.C. that it ooncentrnu on wrestling - a ii.-ertiaement which. however phoney it may be. is at least fun to watch. --Hamilton Specta-

r.

A Michigan school IIporlIIIoIl- ent has put. 1 lfferent. twin on the value of to and their nveroge rates of ply in this pros- peroua Unmd Hutu. according to 5 Cleveland Plain Dealer editor. who continues as follows: "Could we hire a depen able and mm- vrart-hy baby clout on today! baby um: market for we an hour?" uh Gupta Bfepher M. clan of ullllngton. Illchlun. "We know very wolf that oven toen-

t 6ma

THE MELLOWING YEAH. The meilow year to hosting to its

close,

The little birds have almost suns their last, '

Their small notes twitter in the dreary blastp

That shrill-piped harbinger of early

snows; The patient beauty of the acentlens

rose.

Oft with the mom's hour crystal quaintly glossed.

Hangs, a pale moumer for the summer past.

And makes A little summer where

it grows.

In the chin sunbeam of the faint

. brief day

The dusky waters shudder as they shine:

russet leaves obstruct the

straggling way

Of oozy brooks. which no deep banks define:

And the gaunt woods, in ragged, scant array,

wrap their old limbs with sombre

ivy twine.

The

-Hartley Coleridge.

Old Charlottetown

and P. I 1. FIRE PRACTISE

"Yesterday afternoon Chief En- gineer Large called out the differ- ent fire companies of the city for practise. The fire bell ran; at 10 o'clock sharp. and the companies. on the alert in their respective rooms. made a bold dash for the tanks at Dawson's and McPhnllls corners. The Hook and Ladder Company arrived first at Dawson':, and had an extension ladder run up the side of W. E. Dawson and Co's. brick building in about four minutes from the first toll of the fire bell.

"The Rollo engine next arrived at Dawson's and was closely fol- lowed by Tremont's hand engine and Silsby at McPhail's. Tremonl. threw a good stream of water in three minutes, Silsby in nine. mi- nutcs, and Rollo in thirteen min- utcs. This is remarkably quick time, when it is known that the steam engines had cold water in the boilers and no steam up when the alarm was given. The steam- ers then made a quick shift to the Railway tank, where they spent a half hour throwing streams of

'water."

-The Examiner, Nov. 10, 1882.

I The Age Old Story

Ila. every one that lhlntatll. came ye to the vuferl. uufdie that hath no money: come ye. y. and out; yen, come. buy wlllo and milk without money and without price . . . . lncllne your on-, and come unto me: hear. and your soul shlll live; and I will make an ever- lasting covenant with you. even the pun mercies of David.

fei-ed them the Job at that run of pay." Then he makes thin point: "If we paid A teacher with 35 pupils to an hour for each chfkl, she woul receive 03.50 an hour for her nhry. If me worked six and one half noun I day. the would receive 332.7! a day, or 34,005 for I school you of ion days. Thousands of teachers drum of solutes like that." -out lu- porter.

No Ion than IIIMOO automobiles croued into Ontario from the United sum in the first uven month: of this year. In lnoreuo of three per cent. on not you. Our neighbors come to thin country to shoot. to fish and often to occupy npummer oottue. But chiefly they come to Ice 3 new country. to aka put. for 1 brief period. in A life that in not so hectic or so crowded and perhaps easier than their own. Ontario his much to learn from the pace of no nolgnbot. But flguru provided by tho 0.8. teurflt than that they enioy here many advantages which we ounolvoo

qualified IIcnvouIdlnunnuKnof-

may not be aware of. - Toronto Tblqnm - '

. 4

It is not. so ions no Th" "1 election in the United SW”- :specially In "off-year" one-had lime or no interest for most Con- adlnna. Very few person: in this country cared It all whether the Republican or the Democrats con- trolled the Senate or the House. It is not that way now, however. For the put. couple of months Can- adian newspn, a have been giv- ing next. Tuesday's election almost. as much attention so if it were a fight between Conservatives and Liberal: for control at Ottawa. Not only that, but almost everybody one meets these days has his own opin- ion regarding the likely result.

In England the papers have been full of it. and some upecto of the campaign have been brought up in the various political conventions. The change. from llotleuneu to keen interest on the part of out- sidera in due. of course. to the pine; that the United States now occupies in world affairs. They realize that American foreign pol- icy is a direct influence in every country on earth. It is true thatneitherthe Senate nor the House makes foreign policy; that in the function of the President. some- times acting under the advice. but never under the direction. of the secretary of state. Just the same, Congress has I good deal of influ- ence in the matter of foreign pol- icy, and, of course, a Senate or a House unsympathetic to Adminis- tration views could be I real ir- ritant to the country's relations with other nations.

0 O O .

That in why Mr. Eisenhower is anxious for the -Republicans to win control of Congreu and why he is doing more election campaigning than he has my liking for. (Time and time again he has intimated that he dislikes making political speeches. Quite evidently his heart. is not in the drudgerles. - even the exciting onea - of political bat- tle. That does not make him any less capable as President; but per- haps it does make him less valu- able as I vote-getter.)

While most outsiders are inter- ested in the election from the view- point of its possible effects on Unit.- ed States foreign policy regarding defence. trade, and other import.- ant: subjects. the election is being fought not. as much on foreign pol- icy issues as on domestic nnes. It is true that Mr. Stevenson. the top-l ranking Democratic campaigner, is going around the country telling everybody he sees that the foreign policy of the Administration has brought American prestige abroad to an extremely low place; but it does not appear that the charge is being taken very seriously.

If one may believe independent newspaper reports - and. of course one may - the Republicans will win or lose control of both branches of the Legislature as they are able or unable to satisfy the electorate that their domestic policies in the spheres of taxation. internal sec- urity, uncmploy....:.it. conservation. public works projects, etc. have been wisely planned and properly carried out.

0 O I

It is apparent. that taxation and unemployment are the two subjects which are being emphasized by campaign speakers on both sides. There has been some reduction in the tax rate since the Republicans came to office in 1952; but the Democrats are harping on their contention that. in general, the re- duction has favoured big corpora- tlom and has left. most. taxpapera as heavily burdened as before. This in an easily recognized and much used political device: the object is to persuade the people that the Administration is the particular friend of big business.

The Republicans, on the other hand. are saying that any tax law which help: to reduce the burdens of business is good for everybody because it stimulates investment. gives encouragement. to private in- itiative, and helps create jobs. In short. it strengthens the general economy, and everybody benefits in the long run. It may be a ten- sonnble argument; but. it has nev- er been very successful an a vote inducement in the United States

Page 4 .'1'bo Guardian

The Passing Scene

3, Observe: TEE BA'I'1'l.E'B LAST STAGE

or Anywhere aloe.

Unemployment is neyer a happy situation for any Admlnlltratlon; for the Republican Party in the United State: it is especially un. pleasant. for psychological as well as economic reuonl. for Amer- lcmo remember that it was at its worst historic level during the year; that the last Republican Adminis- tration, prior to the successive Democratic regimes, was in 'con- tml. Republicans were no more to blame for it then they were re- qpohslble for the world-wide de. presslon of which it was a part; nevertheless. the Democratic charge that Republican rule- invariably produce: to stagnation is listened to with much attention.

The situation seems I bit. better than if. was 1 year no but. even no. there is still much unemploy. ment. which always, in any coun- try, lo prejudicial to the Party in office. It is clear that. the Demo- crats. who have no magic wand with which to change the picture overnight. should they win control of Congress. Are using the "recess- lon", Republican charts which in- dicate improvement notwithstand- ing, for all it is worth, and for much more than its actual value. The battle is in its last stage. By and large. with occasional detourli into foreign policy and its auxiliary issues. it seems likely that its re. sult will be determined by wea- pons forged in the heat of dom- estic concerns.

A KING-Sill apple pie weighing over A hundred pounds was recently baked for the Washing- ton State Apple Blossom Fost- ival. The specially built alumi- num pie pan - the largest ever made-measured eight feet across.

Made ua wonder how big I pie you'd get if all the apple pie: baked in one day on regular- size aluminum pans were put together. And that brings to mind all the different aluminum cooking utensils used today in homes and hospitals and res- taurants . . . No wonder Canada is stepping up her production of this light, bright metal to one and A quarter billion pounds I year! Aluminum Company of Canada, Ltd. (Alcan).

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