Pr

tin

74 The Guardian, Charicttetown, Wed. Nov. 24, 1965.

Rhodesian

Seen Having Backfire

By CARL MOLLINS

LONDON (CP) — Reports of news censorship in Rhodesia in- dicate that the information blackout is limited and in some ways has backfired on the cen- sors. the rebel regime of lan Smith

Smith imposed censorship the day he declared independence— Nov. 1l—on news published or broadcast in Rhodesia.

Commonwealth Secretary Ar- thur Bottomley signed here Fri- day a special order revoking the Smith. administration's censor smp orders

Bottomley signed the order under powers granted im a spe- cial emergency act rushed through Parliament last week.

Even before Nov. 11 the white- minority government headed by Smith had asserted control over Rhodesia’s only local broadcast- ing. the state-owned radio and television. Under censorship, the system ceased replaying BBC news programs and interrupted relays of South African govern- mem radio

Twelve censors, only one of |

them known to have journalistic

experience, were appointed by |

the Smith government to watch

Rhodesia’s only two daily NEWS-| african radio, propagandist for

papers and the two Sunday pa- pers in Salisbury and Bulawayo,’ as well as the few weekly news, papers.

SEIZE FOREIGN PAPERS

Incoming foreign newspapers have been confiscated) when judged by censors to violate rules against publication of ma- terial critical of the Smith re- gime. All but two of the eight British Sunday newspapers that arrived by air last Monday were burned at the airport.

However, Rhodesians are re- ceiving foreign radio broad- casts. Reports in the British press say sales of radios in Rho- desia have ;.

Many Rhodesians, both white and black, own radios capable of receivings short-wave broad- easts. The BBC, Voice of Amer- jea and Zambia radio have stepped 1 news broadcasts beamed ot) Rhodesia on wave- lengths that can be picked up on ordinary transistor radios.

@urned into a boomerang against

Smith, according to reports bY | regulations that make it virtu- | British correspondents. The edt- ally impossible for some to file |

tors of, the two dailies have re- fused_to_co-operate;leaving- ac- article. ; The dailies, the Rhodesia’ Her- | eid of Salisbury and. the Bula- | wayo Chronicle, and The Sun- | day Mail of Salisbury and Sun- day news of Bulawayo, are by Argus South African spapers Lad., which is con- by South African mining ests and permits editors to their own editorial policies. OPPOSED SMITH

The newspapers had opposed unilateral independence and gince the event their editorial comment and reports of British reaction have been heavily cen- sored. 2

Rhys Mever, South Africa-born editor of The Sunday Mail, got a critical editorial into print Now. 14. While_criticizing unilat- eral ndependence and warning of an economic squeeze, the edi- torial said business must go on as usual.

Hi

oa

| Reports on censorship of out- , Ai gatas gat amg foreign | 111 Kent St. Ch ana correspondents report they have |

been censored.

Newspaper censorship has} 5 + foreign correspondents

when cen- |

Censorship

eens :

Maicolm Smith, Rhodesia-

burn editor of the Herald, and Sydney Swadell, Scottish editor , of The Chronicle, have been | making censorship as difficu't | as possible for the government.

Smith was detained briefly and questioned by security po- lice last Wednesday after he had discussed one of his banned edi- | torials with British correspond- ents. Swadell one night ordered |

range of sizes

@ Little Girls Dresses

|a censor out of his newsroom Sno-Suits when the censor began watch @ Children’s Ski-Jackets

ling news being processed.

The censors—Deputy Informa tion Minister P. K. Van der By! has done his stint at the Rho- desia Herald office away from | the newsmen and blie-pencil galley proofs.

a The Misses ‘ HOLMES & BRADLEY

Queen St.

KICKS OUT CHIEF

The man Swadell ordered out of his, newsroom was Chief Cen- |sor Ivor Benson, a South Afri- | can who was fired rom Johan- nesburg’s Rand Daily Mail by

Fresh Turkeys and Geese

Editor Laurence Gander, strong ORDER NOW FOR ; once of South cone. _ CHRISTMAS DELIVERY & tionalist regime. son ha: IE ST. MEAT written an article in Gander’s at pa. ‘ absence praising British Nazi ss |Leader Oswald Mosley. gS Queen St. Dial 4-7336

Censorshp has produced iron- ies and inconsistencies. South

the nationalist regime, has been labelled ‘‘Freedom radio” by some news-hungry wags in Rho- desia.

The Rhodesia Herald was or-

dered to cease publishing a daily ylideal for

THE CARD SHOP

Ch'tewn

, = ee Sat Peet an

notice telling its readers that ii Christmas — had been censored, although Sifting rivers of white space made the | | fact apparent. The Bulawayo | For a refreshing “9 seers lggiatd was allowed to retain me-up over the _hel ie \ ! season While some articles are re- mie — ret ee Say Merry Christmas

moved entirely, others merely contain blank spaces im the text, |

a : Priced to suit every

giving rise to guessing games | a 4

among readers. A blank for an budget! See them 4 SEAMAN S By adjective before “the Rhodesian | today at— ESTEE government’ in a Herald report j ; i ; should clearly have contained PHOTO LAUDER.

“7

the. word ‘rebel’ or ‘‘ilegal.” | HOBBY

been required to submit cables | to a censor and others find no WRamecaac” evidence that their reports have |

have been harassed by treasury |

reports by cable, forcing them | to telephone London — or; find-|

her. means. ; | MUST PAY CASH

Press cables are transmitted | only after cash payment or a | letter of credit is established, im- | stead of the usual systems of cabling collect. Even then, ‘pay- |

Girne

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Grave Damage To Rhodesia

Ygnow tee deep, no hill tee

-— some.

Seen From Tra

By DON DALLAS

LONDON (Reuters) — Rhode- sia could survive an all-out eco- nomic and trade boycott - for time but. -its--econemy- might be gravely damaged, eco- nomic experts here believe.

They were commenting ‘on Saturday's call from the — Se- curity @ouncil asking UN _mem- bers to “‘do their «tm: ° , sever economic ties with the breakaway colony and to stop its oil supplies.

Premier Ian Smith's chances of finding alternative oil sources lie at the heart of the question as to how long he can hold out.

Most of the oil used by Rho- desia and neighboring Zambta is processed at a refinery at Umtwli, Rhodesia.

The crude oil comes almost entirely from Iran, which could stop the supply at the source if it joined an oil embargo. SHIPPED FROM IRAN

It is shipped from Iran to the port of Béira, in the Portuguese colony of Mozambique on the east coast,of Africa, and taken by pipeline to the Umtali re- finery- :

Of the oil firms owning the refinery, Shell and British Pe- troleum each have a 2.75-per- cent share, Mobil 17.75 per cent, Caltex 15.75 per cent and small American independent com- panies 15 per cent.

Economie experts said Smith might look to Angola in Por- tuguese West Africa or to South Africa to supply Rhodesia’s needs of 400,000 tons of oi] a

year. :

Angola produces some 900,000 tons of crude oil a year and refines some 550,000 tons.

A five-year trade agreement between Rhodesia and Portugal, toncluded fast March, provides for the duty-free import of erude oil from Angola.

But the only apparent way of vessels for

getting this oil to

jong and possibly costly route.

' MAY HESITATE

While South Africa is a pos- sible oi) supplier, some political observers .think Premier Hend- rike Verwoerd might hesitate to

Rhodesia and Usen Fisheries of Souris will would be by ship .round the jbe completed in 1966. Cape of Good Hope to Beira, a

de Boycott |

fly in the teeth of world opposi- 4 tion. 3 Some Washington officials are 3 credited with the view that if ¥

¥

ie

¥

> ' a ment must be made in six diffi-_| ooo i¥ a | cult to get currencies, excluding | monet ' 4 British or Rhodesian currency. | ag ; 4 When correspondents can pay ee : 5 4 in U.S. dollars, Swiss or French ; a francs, German marks, Italian , STET SON a 7° Sweaters ¥ 3 lira or South African rand, the | e . Y a change given is in Rhodesian. for Skirts . currency ; which capnot be used | a 7 BI for further payments. | ° a euses Smith defended censorship at Christmas! ay ay @ press conference last. Wednes- a2@ Suits & day as ‘‘a necessary evil.” He & ! 4 accused The Herald of distorting | ®@ a aes: a Dresses a Reap hen £1® Coats ‘ ac on press in e j order to ensure the quiet’ safety | of Rhodesia then there is noth- @ iy drone ta be eae Car Coats The sleek new Ski-Doo brings = Cee eee ay ¥ fresh family fun and excite- All Gift Boxed yment -. . everywhere! No j

Rhodesia were ~completely~cut off from ci! ‘its economy would quickly grind to a halt.

But according to published MSee the newest, most distinctive % figures only some 27 per.cent . display ever — Gift Certificates gy of Rhodesia’s energy require- ¥ Available ai ments are met by oil. Coal © Prices : ay supplies 63 per cent of the & st rt at * - ay power and the*remainder comes ert ay from the hydro plant at the ¥ caR AY Kariba Dam on the Zambian ERALPH'S ERs ag border. a¥

Tough trade sanctions im- |¥ Kent St. Dial 4-84444 ¥ posed by Britain will have a a? direct effect on at least ‘one- | ; third of Rhodesia’s export trade. °° NRUEUUE REEDED 5 a British ban on imports ; ¥

it tobacco, most vifal to the | country’s economy, and. the! THE PERFECT ie rising sugar industry. Nearly | =

half of Rhoedesia’s tobacco pro- MIX!

duction, worth about £17,000,- |

000 ($51,000,000) was bought by |

Britain. | fresher needed at Rhodesia as been expelled from_. the International Sugar

Agreement, cutting her off from |

benefits amounting’ to £4,000,- |

000

The United States~ Sientes| announced it would turn back | 9,500 tons of Rhodesian sugar mow on the way to the U.S. ©

Pictou Firm To Construct Souris Ships

PICTOU, N.S. (CP) — Vice- | president J.B. Ferguson of Fer- guson Industries Lid. said here work will begin immediate- ly on four steel trawlers for Prince Edward Island firms.

Mr. Ferguson said the 93-foot Eastern Fisheries

He added that Hull 157, a 190- |’ {foot steel side trawler . being built for North Atlantic Fisher- jies Lid. of St. John’s, Nfid., will ‘be launched this morning. | The vessel scheduled for com- |

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