C“

. ,__ , ‘m wear-dyer. m. .

‘against that dualism in nationality which has

' d to forinor nationals of that country;

PAGE FOUR TliE llllAliLliTTETliiVll lillARiilAll

Morning Dally (Founded in 1887) Authorized as Second Class Mall. Post Office Department, Ottawa.

President, lair A. Burnett; Vice-President. Wm. IL Burnett; Secy.-'l‘reus., G. M. Burnett; Editor and Mgrmglng Director, J. It. Burnett; Associate Editor,

Frank Walker.

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink.” ‘

FRIDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1946

Mr. King's Eulogy

Prime Minister King, even when delivering a eulogy, has a way of demoting all history to his own autobiography. Thus at the recent dinner tendered in honour of Justice Minister St. Laur- ent we learn, from Mr. King, that the true sec- ret of Mr. St. Laurent's greatness was that he stood by Mr. King.

"l do not believe," said the Prime Minister, "that it has ever been realized how near we came, in November, i944, to having no govern- ment at all in Canada. I shall always be- lieve that it was the firm and statesmanlike stand taken, in that hour of crisis, by the Min- ister of Justice, his clear vision, his wise judg- ment, his quick decision, and his persuasive powers which more than any other single influ- ence helped to ensure the continuance of the government, and to avert an appalling disaster.

. l am perfectly certain that had Mr. St. Laurent withdrawn his support of myself, or, in- deed wavered in that support, l should have had no alternative but to tender my resignation and with it the resignation of the Ministry."

Which leads the Ottawa Journal to remark: "Whether the resignation of Mr. King's Government in i944 would have been of cosmic significance, as Mr. King here professes to think, must be left to the historians. Our own idea in the meantime is that if such a thing had come-and we doubt that there ever was much danger of it—Churchill and Roosevelt and Stalin, and even some government in Canada, would have managed to muddle along."

0n Speech-Making

The other day an alert Canadian news- paperman ran across some of Winston Chur- chill's preparatory note-making for a speech. He wrote: "They probably proved a little disillus- loning to Canadians who supposed that this peerless orator’s phrases dripped trippingly off tho tongue without preparation, by a process of sheer inspiration. As usual, then, the work of genius turns out to be mostly work. The great Churchillian phrase, ‘blood, sweat and tears’ came itself out of that very process, but the mark of its greatness, as of any piece of art, is its apparent spontaneity. Just as Michelangelo's paintings look as if they had been tossed off ef- fortlessly in a casual moment, Mr. Churchill's speeches always seem to be born only when the speaker rises to his feet. The great difference between Mr. Churchill's oratory and that of other current statesmen is that it shows n0 traces of its laborious origin."

These are words of wisdom, to be pondered by all who are ambitious of shining as public speakers. Too frequently people who would dis- claim any thought of having the ability of a Churchill, try to make speeches without prepar- ation of any kind. Theirs is an intolerable im- position upon an audience, yet almost every public function produces bores of this kind. They get away with it because no one has the discourtesy to tell them what the intelligent section of their hearers "o actually thinking.

Most long speeche are improved im- mensely by being summarized, which is the rea- son why speeches frequently read better than they sound. Why then, it may be asked, doesn't the orator do the summarizing when he speaks? The answer is mental laziness, or incapacity to distinguish between thoughts and mere empty phrases. Brevity, which Shakespeare called the soul of wit, is too laborious an achievement for these aspirants. They are a far remove from Mr. Churchill-still farther from Abraham Lin- coln, who labored for hours over his famous Gettysburgh Speech, which a short-hand writer could easily_hove reported in full on the back of a post-card.

lire Free Citizens

The Ministry of External Affairs of the Canadian Government has intimated to the Pol- ish Legation at Ottawa that it had no right to compel 4,000 Polish soldiers entering Canada ta logior at the Logotion and on insistence, Con- sular recognition would be withdrawn. This action would seem to be fully in accord with Canadian opinion. Nations of other countries may, if they wish, register at the Legation of their own country, but they cannot be forced to do so under Canadian law. Clearly the Can- adian decision gives tho Polish soldiers and thousands of others the right to disregard the ordor.

Tho decision, it is pointed out, goes much further than merely rebuffing a satellite gov- ernment of Moscow in Warsaw. lt is a step

boon rampant in two wars, when Hitler laid it down, and Japan, too, that onco a German or a Japanese, always so, that first allegiance was not to tho country of adoption but to "tho native land. Wo don't want Canadians with such hyph- onoto ideas. It is boliovod that most of the Polish soldiers-including those who como to Prince Edward l|lond--aro hero to stay; they rovolt at tho choractor of tho ."froo" govorninont there has boon ostablishod in Poland and, if loft to their own dovicos and rosourcos, will malio good Canadians. ln any ovont, they como out horo to in froo, and they aro froo, from Polish allegi- anco undor tho dictum of our government. It woaldgbo passing strango, in fact a surrender of oovgroignty if tho Canadian government had

mod, ovon tacitly, of tho Polish Legation

ii

would almost be like a sovereignty within a sovereignty. lt all goes to show, however, how tho Communists are‘working.

ilot Cheering

. On the whole, Mr. llsley's recent address was ‘not cheering. He apparently sought to convince Canadians that their tax burden; are light. They are not light. They are the heav- iest in the world, says The Printed Word.

Mr. llsley pointed out that, while after the latest war, taxes have been reduced, taxes were increased after the other war. He uppgnr; to have forgotten that, back in l94l and i942 when he was laying it on without mercy (and with lit. tle complaint from the public) he was saying that the heavier the taxes during the war the easier it would be to reduce taxes after the war. No tax which starts at 25 per_cent and rapidly rises to _50 per cent can be said to be light on those with small and moderate incomes. On larger incomes the rate rapidly becomes con. fiscatory.

The remark about taxes after the other war may impress a few who don't remember that the highest taxation between l9l9 and i930 was trifling and, moreover, that the other war con. élfliléd froiri ‘August, i9l4, to April 30, i918, be. ore any citizen had to pay a cent of inmme tax. lt was better to tax during the wnr rim" after, but the present and apparent inrenrlon of cutting faxes by the least possible amount i5 not keeping faith with the earners.

aackward, turn backward, O Time in your flight, estore us the days when taxes were light.

r- EDITORIAL NOTES —

Rebellion i837.

in Canada broke out this date

a n o or

lt is hardly credible, but we have the Bur- eau Statistics’ word for it, that the cost of living We'll’ "P dficimal three per cent last month, and 7.2 above who: it was a year ago.

k fl h‘

At the Board of Trade meeting in The c_l'°',l°llel°‘"1 lhls evening. o delegation from Kings County Board of Trade will be heard relative to the_service being rendered by the Maritime Electric Co. Ltd. R W i I

The government of this country, usually regarded as one of the main producers of dairy Products for export, _says‘The Letter-Review, rec- ently had to apply, in vain, to New Zealand, for a couple of ltlilll0ll* pounds of butter.

i i’ N

lt is not encouraging to farmers or con- sumers to learn from a report on butter produc- tion by th_e federal Agricultural Supplieg Boqfd that fhe_current years output "may not pro. vide sufficient stocks at the year's end to rneer a six-ounce ration in the first four months of i947. The present allowance is six ounges q week.

i i i fl

The Feast of St. Nicholas; he is regarded as the patron saint of merchants and of trav- ellers by sea and land, but also especially of the young and of scholars, hence adopted by the City of Aberdeen famous for its sea trade and university. His festival was formerly celebrated

in. the American Santa Claus of Christmas re- |oicings, the English equivalent being St. Nich.

from Moscow.

repetoire of clowns and acrobats

_ engaged circuses.

should note and inwardly digest its

CGPICE.

Iona

needed articles.

tion." s w 4 -r< l

result of fourteen years’ intensive

and covered smut.

bo enough for all who want it.

a n a

real Gazette. other respect.

it is consistent, however, in

"prossuro."

manding steady prices."

lt

nition and beyond use.

in all the English schools, and he still survives‘

The London Times gives us the latest news "The Art Council of Soviet State Circuses has recently held a discussion an the The head of the Chief Administrclil: tion of Circuses commented on the unsatisfact- ory nature of the cross-talk used by the majority of Soviet clowns, and proposed that a contest be held with the aim of improving it.’ The CBC signifi-

How many income fax payers, both rural and urban, must have re-echoed the sentiments of Mr. Howard Green, Progressive Conservative member for Vancouver South, when he declared his party believed building muddles could have been avoided, and "that one way would" have been to put the tax reductions announced in the i946 budget info effect at once instead of de- ferring them until i947; that delay clearly caus- ed a slow-down in the production of many badly And another way to prevent tlzese muddles is to permit Canadians to run their own business free from government direc-

A new variety of oats resistant to all the races of stem rust and crown rust that happen l0 appear in Canada has been developed as a work by plant breeders and plant pahtolcgists at the Dominion Rust Research Laboratory at Winni- peg. The new variety is also resistant to loose According to official re- ports it is hoped that by the spring of next year about i,500 bushels of the new variety, as yet unnamed, may be available for distribution to selected seed growers so that production of seed may be increased to the point where there will

It would seem that the abolition of waga control is consistent neither with the Govern- ment’: policy nor with the facts, says tho Mont- an- For if the speech delivered by Mr. Gordon on tho radio on November i is com- pared with the text of Mr. King's statement on Novombor .29, both would be found to hint of Says Mr. Gordon: "We find labor interests insisting upon higher wages but de- Says Mr. King: "The prossuro for wago adjustments has grown." Tho change in policy would appear to have boon mado loss from considerations of wisdom or rea- son than undor pressure. But the pressure that in this instance bent the will of the government may very likely bond prico control beyond rocog-

iiotes By Tho Way

Straflllo how good the children are about. the house thou days. That is one real service all these radio Santos do. —Owen Sound Sun-Times.

Amotiu was posted on the press bulletin board of United Nations at Lake Success asking correspondents to refrain from posing as 62198!!!" to giet, automobile rides from Irakc Succes to New York. A little later another notice appeared on the board. It asked delegates to stop posing as reporters to get. into corn- mltiee meetings to which the-y are not invited. —Brltish United Press.

When the refundable payments were made the income tax offices sent the taxpayer" a slip stating the amount. of the refundable portion. It is safe to say that. many taxpay- ers have mlslald those slips or lost them. The income tax offices have always been meticulously exact in making collections from the tax- payer. They should be no less meti- culously careful now about. ensur- ing that. the taxpayer gets his re- bate whether he has the refundable slip or not. —-Winnipeg Free Press.

It lo an old question Which is the cleverest variety of dog. Tho poodle, the retriever, the Airedale, the St. Bernard, the Alsatian, to give a levy examples. have their supporters; and some analysts maintained that the spaniel has the biggest brain with the most con- volutions. Perhaps the most con- crete evidence is supplied by the owners of sheep-dogs. which are one cf the only breeds definitely bred for intelligence. I know one of th6e that was condemned as too stupid for the shepherd, and it was adopted by an amateur farmer. In‘ a very short while this "stupid dog" would on instruction g0 out. on its own and bring back the single ooiw to the yard to be milked, paying no attention to oiiier animals. and could be absolutely trusted in such little domestic obligations as not. to eat the cat's dinner! One sheep dog of my acquaintance was good with sheep, but most enjoyed round- ing up young chickens and can'- ducting them with their proper mothers to the right place. The job was done with a gentle 081M198 altogether delightful to watch. ‘There is reason and then-e ls instinct: but also there is some menial pcnv- cr‘ for which we have no name be- tween the two. Perhaps that Scotch philosopher who argued that 1'93"“ was developed along the lLnes of conflicting instincts was on the right track. The outstanding qual- ity of the dog. especially, as it seems to me of the spaniel, is that it obviously yearns to understand. - Lcndan Spectator.

The mastlff dog was known tn the Egyptians since at least. 650 13.0.. and in England since the Roman invasion. relates The St. Thomas Times-Journal. TWO thousand years ago Julius Caesar stood up in his chariot. ou an English battlefield and looked with horror- as. giant rings ran into battle with their mas- [erg and leaped at, the throats of his warriors. More than 500 years ago French soldiers at the Battle of Aglncourt stood back ln fear at. a. masilffi that growled defiance at ‘them over the wounded body of Sir IPiCTS Legh until the English sold- ‘icrs carried him to safetv. Caesar was so impressed with the E0855“ masiifts that he took a number of them to Rome and put them to combat, in the ring against all other fighting dogs. The mastlffs killed them all. and Caesar made them fight. bulls, bears, lions, tigers and. gladiators with spears and tridents. When the mastlff was worsted. he died with his teeth in the opposing animal's throat. The English mastiff ls a big, pdwerful dog. weighing up if) 200 pounds, ITIGHSUIlDg l0 inches around the foreleg, which is two inches more than the average man's wrlsi. In modem days he ls used as a watchdog, being hostile to strangers, butdcciie and friendly toward his master. A few days ago a group of dog-lovers met in a London hotel to see what. they could do to save the English mastlff from extinction. There are only eight pure-breds left in the country-two males and slx females and all old. Ii was reported that there are only '10 in the United States. and it is hoped to be able to buy some of them and revive the breed in England.

It ls a matter of historical im- portance that the strange markings 0n the Fraser Canyon rocks at Spuzzum should be siudled by an ethnographic expedition, as Com- missioner Parsons of the BC police suggests. British Museum and Eur- openn authorities are sure the markings are not Ogham. the Wei-sh form of the Runlc writings used in the fifth century. but the sim- ilarity to those ancient crytographo lo sufficiently notable to warrant further investigation. Wi-illo the conviction that the markings a!!! rioi. Oglram fails to support the legend that Prince Madoc up Owen Curynedd emigrated to this contin- ent with 900 cf his followers in 1077 there ls evidence for reasonable speculation about other arrivals many centuries ago. There were In- dians in the Columbia River coun- try iwo centuries ago who could speak Welsh. The location of these markings, on rocks 1,900 feet above the river at Spuzzum, is o point in itself that is worth some research. —Virnoouver Province.

Alexander C. Kirk. who recently retired as ambassador to Italy, ol- though a millionaire by virtue-of his family's soap fortune. has de- voted his entire life to diplomacy. He is ending 31 years of hard and sometlm unpleasant service for his gaveeriimont overseas. Kirk was entertaining at one of thine glitter- ing dinner parties at which dip- lomats in Iiuropo routinely collect interesting and useful litltlrmotion for their governments. Ono of his guests was o woman who formerly had been on American citlaon. but who had marriadrn wealthy Italian count and woo s comploto expat.- rlate- more Roman than tho Rons- ans. She was also o loyal follower of the fascism of Milooliul and during tho dinner conversation wont out of her was’ to condemn in viol-

Tl-IE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

Agriculture In Transition Period (Bank of Nova Broth Review)

II

Milk production. like lhlf °l meat, has passed its peak. For the full year 1946. total milk produc- tion li- expected to be some 5 1-2 per cent. leis than last year. Th? continued expansion in fluid soles has cut down the Pl'°P°Til°" 9i this restricted supply avafhblo for manufactured dairy products. In the Jan-Oct. period cheese pro- duction was down 24 per 00M 1mm last year to 133 million lbs.. cream- ery butter production was down 8.5 per‘ cent. to 246 -nillicn lbs“ and concentrated milk nhout 1 fr?!‘ 0911i to 270 million lbs The "British cheese contract for 226 mlllwh lb!- in the year ending i-cxr March 31 will fail short of f-:lf‘lment. Au for butter, since stocks st the com- mencement of the low-production winter season were slightly small- er than at the sanit- date last year and since producdorr ls lower. there may be a cut. in the ration again this winter.

O O B

The result cf these continuing shortages has been a further up- ward movement in the prices of farm products over the pas‘. year. The best kno/wn ls the rise in wheat under the influence of soar- ing U. S. prices, A‘ the end of July the government raised the guaranteed price from $1.25 per bu. for No l Northern iii; the Lakehead to $1.35. retroactive ta Aug. I, 1945. and removed the ceiling of $1.55 from all overseas sales except those to the United Kingdom with the result. that the price an non- contract sales has risen to $2.18. Price adjustments aimed at. tn- creasing supplies of livestock and dairy products: the 4c increase in butler ceilings; the higher British contract. price for bacon and tho corresponding increase in domes- tic pork ceilings; the temporary suspension of beef ceilings follow- ed by their re-oshbllshmcnt higher levels than those formerly prevaJlng; the higher level of milk subsidies this summer than inst,‘ and the October 1 advance in fluid milk prices following the removal of the producer subsidy.

Most of the price adjustments over- the past, year have been in the for-m of straight, price increases rather than subsidies. Indeed. in conformity with the policy of or- derly decontrol enunciated by the Prime Minister last Jonuarv, these subsidies are now being reduced or removed "step bv step. subject only to the needs of maintaining reasonable stability in the level of prices and living costs." Those on fluid milk. milk for concentra- tion, cannlng crops rind berries for lam. and several at the smaller ones have been entirely removed and the hog premiums reduced. Farmers‘ return: will not, how- 6V", be affected. since in each case to compensatory price increase has occurred in accordance with the principle of allowing perman- ent cost increases to become part 9f "l9 Price structure as subsidies are removed. Because of the re- movals and reduction; mentioned above. subsidy payments tor 19443 will be somewhat below tiio $84 millions recorded for 1945,