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vulva, vagina, cli- s, the frequency of s and “permissive ilt.” scientists cited in T, at least one — ger, a paleontolo- h Museum - says

misunderstood Of the 21 other din the paper, or co-written by \ ing is another ref- on’s paper which ly by one “A. R. Arthur R. Jensen ve received fund- me organization, d. i foundation in- New York, the

vas initiated in

endowment from a reclusive Mas- le manufacturer |

oration certifi- ites that it funds ial betterment,” | 2 Washington porter who has ls’ records.

the U.S. Inter- vice show that 1 1983, Pioneer 100 for research lysgenics, Vise

the discipline nprove human Dysgenics is : deterioration acteristics over

he 1960s, Pio- iven money to itchers, such as

Roger Pearson sen, who have

linking intelli- Neither one of ticist.

ychology

A Nobel prize-winning profes- sor at Stanford University — for the development of the transis- tor — Shockley has long advocated that blacks are genetically less in- telligent, a condition which, he claims, cannot be solved by pro- viding them with better schools, Jobs or living conditions.

In 1977, Shockley told a New York Times reporter that he be- lieved “that a Major cause of American Negroes’ intellectual and social deficits is hereditary and racially genetic in origin.”

Pearson has written many pro-apartheid, pro-segregation articles. A for- mer dean at Montana College of Mineral Science and Technology, he is the author of titles such as “Eugenics and Race” and “Early Civilizations of the Nordic Race.”

Jensen is a University of Cali- fornia psychologist who came un-

der national attention in the U.S.

in 1969 when he published an ar- ticle arguing that intelligence is hereditary.

Jensen “stood up for notori- ety” after the initial controversy of his 1969 article and thus, has since received extensive funding from Pioneer, says Barry Mehler, a history professor at Ferris Uni- versity, Michigan.

“Jensen is at the forefront of this movement,” says Mehler, who has written a PhD thesis on racism in the academics. “He is riding on the tidal wave of eugen- ics.”

While Pioneer finances mostly studies in genetics, it has at least mone occasion given money to

a Northern Iowa University pro-

fessor to prepare anti-busing and anti-school integration seminars in Boston and in Louisville, Ken- tucky.

John Trevor, the fund’s trea- surer, is a founder of the Amer- ican Coalition of Patriotic Soci- eties, a conservative lobby group. —

Philippe Rushton Report

rom «

ion financed a_ controver sia| study on race and intelligence

Testifying in 1965 against adopt- ing more liberal immigration laws in the U.S., Trevor said he feared such policies would create “a se- tious culture decline.”

According to Ross Bellant, a Detroit author who has written about right-wing groups in Amer- ica, grants from Pioneer are usu- ally handed to a small number of recipients. In 1982, eight grants were given. In 1984, there were 18 grants.

“The money goes to people who are at least connected to universities — whether it is legit- imate university research is an- other question,” says Bellant.

Associating the projects it fi- nances with a university professor is a way for Pioneer to gain cred- ibility, he says. Those studies on heredity are however done by aca- demics in unrelated disciplines. Neither Rushton, Shockley, Pear- son nor Jensen are geneticists.

Bellant says he believes Rush- ton was the only Canadian re- searcher financed by Pioneer but adds that more recent records

that the fund is required to file

with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service have not been made avail- able yet.

When asked about the Pio- neer fund, Rushton declines to re- veal the exact amount he is re- ceiving, saying only that he has been funded for “about four to five years.”

“I’m very proud to be asso- ciated with the kind of people they fund,” says Rushton. “They don’t put restrictions on my re- search. The Pioneer fund does not have a political agenda.”

A soft-spoken 45-year- old man who speaks with a light British accent and wears horn. trimmed glasses, Rushton hasn’t shied away from public attention since the controversy started.

At the debate against Suzuki, he told sceptical students to do their own inquiries if they did not believe his theory that Orientals were more law-abiding and fam- ily oriented.

“Think up ways to ask ques- tions,” he said. “For instance, ask Orientals: ’Do they go to par- ties? Are the parties large? ? How many friends do they have? Do they always wear a seat belt?”

While Rushton has kept a highly visible profile, university officials have been less forthcom- ing.

At a press conference Feb. 3, Western president George Ped- ersen and Prof. Greg Moran,

“who heads the psychology depart-

ment, said that Rushton’s theo- ties did not represent the views of the university.

However, academic freedom warranted Rushton the right to express unpopular opinions, they said.

Western does not have a pol- icy to investigate private fund- ing sources and there are no safeguards from specific agendas outlined by the granting orga- nization, says acting president Thomas Collins.

“If we did, we’d have to get two full-time people just to check that out.”

‘I'd like to know where he got his 50 and 50 figure,” says 3rd year medical student Radka Kratky, referring to Rushton’s claim that about 50 Per cent of People’s variance in intelligence is due to genes and 50 per cent to environment. “Why not 1 per cent genetics and 99 Per cent en-

vironment?

During the debate, Suzuki, a Japanese-born geneticist who teaches at the University of British Columbia, tells Rushton that ”the concept of race has long’ been discarded as determinants of genetics.”

To defend his views, Rushton says, “Take a tape measure, put it around peoples’ heads, mea- sure their heads and then relate it to their IQ scores, ask them how well they do on exams.”

“Are you going to measure their testicles too?” shouts an an- ry voice in the audience.