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£11551; FOUR TllE BIIARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

Mun-In; Dally (Founded tn Ill?)

Prc ldent, UeuL-Col. W. Chatter l. um Vice-President, J. B. Burnett, IJJ. Secretary. LleuL-Col D. A. vloelllnnou, 0.8.0. Editor and Milmlglnj» Dlrector. .I. B. Burnett». IJJ. f sorlale Editor. Funk Walker.

SUBSCRIPTION RAE!!! k $5.00 per year (In advance) |¢ V" m“. $4.00 per yell’ ( . advance) mulled to I I. Inland 16.00 per year tln advance) mulled to Cllllfll Ind 0.8. Members Autllt Bureau of Circulation:

‘The Strongest Memory is Weaker than the Weakest Ink.”

TUESDAY, APRIL l, 19M.

The Testing Time

Cotmncntitlg on the Federal election results the Ilttmiltoti Spectator says trill)’: 3Q“? “s are critical (lays. For the defence 0f PfmclPles and statttlrtrtls which are tl1e foundations of civilizztlitut is we ltnow it, the men and women of Cattatla ltztrc been called upon to make ex- tensivc sacrifices. For this cause already a good part of the tnanhood of the Dominion has cross- ed the seas to ztid the Mother Country and her Allies in :1 grim hztttle for survival. And 1n the fatte of this pztrty politics are incidental. The soldier is the first citizen of the country today; not the ltoliticizttt. _ __

.~\ glklYc, an almost terrible, responsibility rests (>11 the shoulders of the government now sustttinttl by tltt- people. lt is for them to mend the flznvs thntwvere so glaringly exhibited when war broke out in September. It is for them to see that this country will put its full weight be- hind the proscctttiou of a \var that has already brought forward such a noble response frotn the pt-tiple of LTtmatIa. Any abuses will bring down the angry condemnation they deserve. Any failure. either during or after the conflict, to measure up to our responsibilities as a partner of the British ljottitnonxvcalth of Nations will he e~|tr:tllj' contlcntttcd. It is no picnic that the mctnbers of the new parliament will attend in Ottawa when the next session is held; it is a critical, awe-inspiring challenge to their hon- 0t1r and ability.

lt is in no sense derogatory to Mr. King to say that he now faces his first major test as a leader. The some goes for his cabinet. In the Printe Mittistt-t-‘s long career, one in which he ltas bcen sittgttlztrly favoured by luck, he has been consistently brought into power in recup- pcrativc periods. He has not had to struggle with the kind of critical emergency days that faced lloi-tleit and Bennett. Now a real test is before him. His followers can well do a mini- mum amount of gloating.

lu one sense, says the Spectator, the result may well cattsc certain misgivings. The opposi- tion ls too weak, and when the popular vote is counted it will he shown that feeling across the cotmt1'_v was far short of the enthusiasm for Mr. King that the list of constituency victories would itidicatc. lu its weakness the opposition must still give a good account of itself. It must keep a ccascless vigil‘ for the type of abuse that almost inevitably arises from a. top-heavy politi- cal tnachitte.

\Vhat Welles Missed

The Rlttuchcster Guardian, referring to the recent EUFOPCZIH tour of Mr. Sumner Welles, suggests that, if he had been permitted to visit Poland and Czechoslovakia, he would have dis- covered “what a Ilitler peace would mean to Europe." llur, adds the Guardian, “unhappily he would not have been able to count the ghosts and exiles,"

On a SHlJCI‘ estimate, the Manchester Guardian believes hundreds of thousands of Poles and Czechs ltave died of “cold and starvation, viol- ence and torture."

As for the exiles, for weeks at a stretch twelve trains a (lay have bcen carrying Polish civilians, in unheated cattle trucks, to serve in German labor canlps. All Czechs betweenthe ages of fifteen and seventy are liable to forced labor. .-\ll this is part of the proclaimed policy of turning Poles and Czechs into a population of scrfs, working under German masters. For this purpose Germany has lately issued ; (k- crce, for which it would be difficult to find a parallel. sriziitg all the land and property in \\ csteru Pultntl. 'l‘hcse are mass methods. The campaign against these two peoples i; also go“. ducted by carrying off to prison or to concen- lrflt10n_ ramps the professors and students from the lllll\'(‘l"\lli(‘S and all those eminent in science, art, null lcitcrs or dangerous because of their capacity for lt-atlcrship. Of these professors ntaity have (licd after great suffering, and Eu- rope has lost some of her most famous scholars. The trade union lcadcrs have been swept into prison. The rlvtcrtniitation to destroy the spirit "f lWn IWIplvs itispircs every regulation, or. tlcrs :1 special place to he given to the Get-man eycrywvhcrc, inflicts torture and punishes any (icrmatt who shows any sign of pity, N0 doubt the mzm who has done all these things would it'll his .\n1(~ric:u1 visitor that the Treaty of Vgr. sailles was a “\'i11(lictivc" treaty. How would he have ilt-scrihctl it if President lVilson and his ft-llow ]’)("l(‘f‘lll.'ll\'(‘l'S had inflicted on Ger. ntatu’ only 1t few of the atrocities he has in- flicted on llll} Poles and the Czechs?

\Var Cabinet For Canada

The (ilnlttr and Jlai! in a leading editorial suggests that in view of the nccd of relieving the lllt'llll)l‘l'S of the Dominion Government of funny of the (lclzlils of war administration and lo ensure the tnnxittttttti efficiency in the pros- [culion of Canada's part in the struggle, a re- shuffle of the Cabinet and the creation of a War (Yonncil. or War Advisory Board, is imperative. (in-at llritaiu and France. which have ltatl wide war oxpvrit uvc. early’ realized the importance of rm .\ll-.-d \\'ar Council for the purpose of co- ordiurttitiq wvr effort, and our Toronto con- rcntporttry ttrtrut-s that it would be folly for the tncittht-rs of ‘he King Cabinet tn undermine their health by overwork when all signs point

to a prolonged struggle. Var Advisory Board, it is suggested, should be composed of military, naval and aviation experts, together with members of the Government, the St-tiate and the House of Com- mons, who could answer to Parliament concern- ing all war nteastires it is advisable to disclose. “This advisory body," says the Globe and Mall, “ought to include tt t-t-rtztiti number of Con- servativcs who l1:we had experience in war ad- ntiuistratioti and organizatiotr Notwithstanding the debacle in last Tuesday's general election, there are two ntillion or more Conservatives in Canada whose co-operation will be needed be- fore Allied victory is achieved. l\lr. King and his colleagues have ntztde much of the fact that Conservatives like Major-Lien. A. G. L. Mc- Naughton and Mr. Wallace Catnpbell are prom- inently identified with the war administration. 1t would tnakc for Czmadintt unity and a united war effort if other outstanding Conservatives were invited to participate actively in the mar- shalling of industry and the organization of the nation's resources for the greater effort which still must be ntadc if Canada is to play her full part at the side of Britain and France. By re- organizing the Ctthinet 11nd appointing a blin- istcr of Supply and an Advisory \Var Council to deal with problems for which the Cabinet has neither the time nor the technical kno\v- ledge the Prime "Minister will be going far to satisfy those who desire to sce this country do its utmost in the struggle to crush llitleristtl." 1.31

- EDITORIAL NOTES -.

It didn't take long for the itcw, old Govern-

mqt-tt to get ituo its strttlc~—send|ng outside of-

ficials here and curtailing recruiting activities. ‘K il= * IF

If all goes well, Bruce Stewart's will become a Government controlled work shop for the duration of the war.

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The Legislature is not the centre of attraction it would lntve been had not the General Elec- tion spillcd most of the political beans.

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\Vltat a tremendous ntnnbcr of youths between the ages of 16 and 2.’ are going about idle. and likely to become a prey to ":111ti” this or “anti" that propaganda.

w w 4- Bartholme Esteban Murillo, Spanish painter, died this date, 1682. lle painted street scenes —-“Beggar Boys" and “Flower Girls”-—- and religious pictures. The Louvre has his “Im- maculate Conception", and the faliottztl Gallery his “Pcdroso" and “lloly Family.” i Y.‘ i l?

An extraordinary accident that cost two lives occurred in a barber shop in Bodcnburg, near Salzdetfttrtlt, (icrntany over the Easter holiday. A customer cnterctl the c1'o\\'(lc(l shop and asked the proprietor if, with the pcrntissiott 0i waiting customers, he tnigltt he shttved next for he had a train to catch. livery one was agreeable and the barber began shaving the 1118.11. Half way through the shave, luuvt-vvr, the barber had a heart attttclc and dropped (lead. The razor cut the customer's throat 11s the barber fell to the floor. severing the man's carotid artery. The customer dicd within two minutes, before other customers were able to offer any asistatice. J! 8< Vi‘ ll‘

For scvcnhv-eight years Mr. j. j. Jackson Barstmv, deputy lieutenant of Somerset, kept a personal diary without titissittg a day until just before his death recently at the age of 96. To the last he penned tho record of his life in a fine, firm ltnnd, three thtys to 2t page. He bc- gan the accord on Jam. 1, 1862, zutdhad com- pleted the sevcnty-cightlt volunte. “A fad, not a hobby,” he called the collcctioti. But a very valuable and profitable “fad” to those who come after him and rcatl his record and commctits of days long past. ls diary-keeping a lost art these days?

n: a m n-

British and French large-scale purchasing of Greek, Bulgarian and 'l'ttrkisl1 tobacco bids fair to bring prosperity to these nations, give their tight political allegiance to the Allies and cause a future famine for (ierntatt smokers. Each of these three countries counts its chief export and source of incontc in tobacco. In prc-wztr days Germany obtained great political influence by purchasing llCZl1'l_\' all their crop. The dcpe11d- ence of their national economies on tobacco ex- Pliflflfid. in large part, their care for friendly re- lations with the Nazis. A Nazi threat to shut off pnrchascswvns a threat of ruin to (hcm. Now France and Britain have gone into Balkan to- bacco buytng in a big way. Britain has an- nounced she will spend in these three countries i110 $70,300,000 which she spent for American- grown tobacco in 1037. This stun, if spent en- tirely in Greece, l]t1l_<.,n'|rin and 'l‘ttrkcy, will leave very little tobacco for the Nazis. And there is little doubt, say Ilalltati tobacco men, that their governments will snap up a chance to get francs and sterling instead of furnishing Germany in rctttrti for razor hlmlcs, aspirin tablets and har. monlcas.

»- : n- n-

How many recall the visit here in 1914 of Dr, Thomas Adams, Architect attd Town planner? He was the guest of the thou Provincial Govert1- tnent, and ntappctl out, provisionally, for the benefit of the (hen cily a plan for its develop- ment as a health and tourist resort, including a broad walk from Falconwootl to the Victoria Park, the deepening of the harbour and the lfcautifying and lzutdscapc gardening of the Southport side of the river. Unfortunately the war broke out just at that time, and Dr. Adams, whp met Rider Illrtggnrtl, lhc novelist on his ‘"5". returned to Toronto waiting in expect- a11cy for the early end of the war. It did not con1c,at1rl Dr. Adams, who was a native of Edinburgh was zippoitltctl in 1017 to ntakc the plan for rebuilding Halifax after (he explosion. Later he became director of the Regional Plan of New York ‘and became instructor in Community Planning at Harvard Llniversity, and lecturer on civic design at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Still later he returned to the Old Country where he had the direction along with Mr. Longworlh Thompson, of the plan- ing of Greater London in hliddlesex County. Word has just been received that Dr. Adams has pttsscrl away in his home at Sussex at the

age of sixty-eight.

rnugcnnnnorrcrown GUARDIAN

NOTES BY TllE WAY

Why not. for novelty, l! not. en- lightenment, recall some of the things Confucius did spy? Here are a few: They must often change who would be mutant ln hap- plneu or wlsdom. To see what. la right. and not to do 1t ls want of courage. Better p, dlatnond wlth a. flaw than a. pebble without. When you see n good mm. thlttk of emu- lating hfm: when you see a bed man, examine your o heart. An oppressive ovemmen ls more to be feared an a tlger. Gravity ta only the bark of wlsdomts tree but 1t- preserves lt. Men's natures are alike; ft. la their habits that carry them far apart. He who offends against heaven has none to whom piewcan pray. — Hamilton Spec-

r.

Another and better name for the treaties in course of arrangement between British Domlnlons and the United States might besouizht. What. ll. should be does not 1m- medlately come to mind, but per- hapa a session wlth the thesaurus might. bring one to light; there Ls about the word “conclllatlon" a suggestion of existing disagree- ment. In this case there ls 1n fact nothlng of the sort. The whole intention of the treatlea la reoogl- tlon of dlfflcultles and an effort to prevent small differences of.’ opinion becoming disagreements. The idea is to have ready and available in advance the whole ma- chinery to iron out petty differen- ces almost before they arise. It. ls a precaution that must. commend itself to all except those whose de- sire ls to cause dlssension among the Allies and neutraks. — Saint John Telegraph-Journal.

An over the week-end story of n runningflght. between a British armed trawler and a. German U- boat illustrates perfectly the Eng- llsh splrlt and the character of the men who man Britain's flghtlng fleet. An armed trawler, on patrol off the Scottish coast, spotted a. Nazi U-boat and dropped a depth charge which forced the enemy to the surface. The U-boat then opened flre on the trawler with her gun. The trawler replied and the U-boat fled trusting to superior speed to get. away. But her com- mander had reckoned without that. determined seamen, George Leon- ard Westerden, 31, chief engineer. He was not a man with whom ll. was safe to start things. He was a_finlsher ff it was humanly pos- slole. The trawlens top speed was 15 knots. Never had she done more. The U-boat could step along at. around 16 on the surface and would soon be 10st ln the gray mists of the North Sea. Then Eglneer Westerden stepped into the ring. Under his urging the below deck crew of the trawler pushed her engines untll she was doing 18 1-2 knots. They drove them so hard the shifted flve full inches on the bed. The little ship almost shook herself to pieces. At any time a. bursting boiler might have heaved them all to Davey Jones. But they made their 1a 1-2 knots. They sank that U-boat. The en- gagement had lasted 17 hours. - London Free Press.

The smallest, speedlest, hottest and hardest-to-see planet, Mercury, recently swung lnto view for the man ln the street. Normally, Mer- cury ls difficult. to see because ft. ls so close to the sun; the lattens brllllant light obscures the little planet. Mercury has the shortest year and the longest drty in the solar system, half and Quarter phases like the moon, and a “double Ilfe" as a morning star and an evening star ln turn. This elusive planet. with the name and some of the trlcky qualities of quicksilver was a. novelty even to astronomers ln PTB-WICSCOpS days. It. never ap- pears ln the dcep night. Ordinarily lt. ls to close to the sun for a good view. Now scientists study it dur- lng the dav with telescopes and photographic plates. The infant of the sun's family of nine planets. Mercury ls more nearly moon- slze than world-size. ls one- elghtveenth as massive rts the earth and a. little larger than the earth's moon. Its diameter is measured as about 3.000 miles. Its shadow woufd just about cover the United States. The closest planet of the sun. Mercury speeds around Old Sol with a velocity of 2,160-mlles a. minute or thirty-six miles a second —faster than any other planet and twice as fast as the earth. It. makes the circuit of the sun ln eighty- elght days. (The earth takes 365 1-4 days: Uranus takes eighty-four years). But one dav lasts for a whole year on Mercury; the planet rotates for a dtxv-and-ttlght period also ln elghty-efgltt. days, turning the some face always to the sun Just as the moon turns the same face always to the earth. Less than half as far from the sun as the earth ls, Mercury literally dances with heat. in llery ffoods of sunlight. It. simmers 1n temper- atures eighty tlmes hotter than the earth. around 800 degrees Fahren- h t d and tln on Mercury would form molten lakes. This heat, however. applies only to the half of the planet perpetually fac- ing the sun. - Galt Reporter.