FEBRUARY 2. 1953

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THE CUARDIAN. CI-IARLOTTE'i'UWN

iwun on v LN

School Girls At Georgetown Shut out 0h'town

In the seoondtame of a double- header in Georst-own on Friday night, the G etown school, gil'is' hockey te . provincial champions, kept their unbeaten re- cord for the current season intact as they took a well earned victory from .tho Charlottetown Prince street School girls' team by a 3-0 score. The locals led 2-0 at the and of the initial period, added one in the middle session. .wlth both (531115 going scoreless in the third. Referees: E. Murphy and Jackie

Georgetown Girls: Goal, N. King; defence, P. Johnson. D. Landry. C. Walker; forwards. G. Fitzgerald, .1. Sampson. I. sampson. J. Mar- tell. 1-I. McCullough. B. McQuii- ian. M. Sampson. A. Prosper.

Charlottetown Prince street Girls: Goal, J. Harper; defence, B. Wren, W. MacPherson, J. Dennis; mrwards, J. MacDougall, B. Whit- lock. .1. Carver. M. Rogerson. B. slielfcon. K. Bowley, J. MacCan- iirl

SUMMARY First Period 1-Georgetown, J. Martell (J. Sampson) .. . 2.Georgetown, G. zgerald

(A. Promer) ........................ .. 2:57 Penalties: None.

Second Period

3--Georgetown. A. Prosper 4.). Martelli Penalty: P. Johnson.

Third Period

scoring: None. Penalties: None.

-.'-c.

soccer Standings

LONDON. (AP)-British soccer mndings. including games Satur-

.a.v: ( ENGLISH LEAGUE

Division I .W T L Pia. Wolverhampton . . 13 8 '1 34 west Bromwlch . 15 ,3 9 33 sunderland 13 7 'l 33 Burnley . ll 10 5 32 r Arsenal 12 7 ii 31 Division II Division 111 Southern Brisioi R. . 21 5 2 4'7 Northampton T. 18 4 6 40 iilillwall . 16 7 5 39 aristol City .. 15 B 6 38 Coventry City . .. 15 7 'l 37 Division III Northern oldhsm Athletic 17 8 4 42 Grimsby Town . 16 8 6 40 Port Vale .. 13 10 5 36 York City C: 9 7 35 Wrexham . 15 4 10 34 SCOTTISH LEAGUE Division A. Hibernian . 28 East Fife 27 Glasgow . 26 Clyde .... .. 24 Si. Mirren 2:! Stirling A 16 2 .'l 34 Hamilton A . 15 2 5 32 Aibroath 7 3 29 Air United 2 il 26 Dunfenriline B 6- 24 o

For Quality Miidness

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E-l.S'lYv'.S'I' .5 ..LI1V(:' CIGARli'l”iiii TOBACCO

COMPLll.'.l'E VISUAL REFRAGTION AND ANNALYSIS G. F. I-IUTCHESON

8: SON Optometrists 58 Grafton Street

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I wide, Climate turns from sub-trop-

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Teachers from the ten provinces

of Canada have completed, e. three- day meeting of the Board of Dir- ectors of the Canadian Teachers” Federation. Sessions were held in ithe Chateau Laurier, Ottawa, Jan- uary. 15, 16 and 17. Among many items of business the following stand out as most significant. 1. The appaintme:.t of Dr. J.'D. Ayers as Research Director. In-mak- ingcthis move, the Canadian Teach- er.a' Federation is creating the first permanent educational research of- fice at the national level. Through this new division of their national organization. Canada's teachers hope to make acworthy contribu- tion to the lmprovemen't of educa- tion.

Dr. 'Ayers, is presently engaged in Toronto on work for the De- fence Research Board. He will as- sume his new duties with the Can- adian Toachers' Federation about the end of March. Dr. Ayers. who is a native of Saskatchewan, re- ceived his elementary and second- ary education in Vancouver. After graduating from the Vancouver Normal School 131 1937. he taught in British Columbia schools until 1941 when he joined one R. C. A.F. and spent three and one-half years overseas. After the war he entered the University of British Columbia and graduated in 1947 with his BA. and Bachelor of Education. Then moving to Toronto. he attended the University of Toronto and was awarded his Ph.D. plegree in 1951.

Dr. Ayers has had research ex- perience with the Department of Educational Research, University of Toronto the Canadian Research Commtitee on Practical Education. and the personnel Research Sec- tion. Defencc Research Medical Laboratories. Toronto. He brings to his new office a rich experience in research techniques and a back- ground of teaching experience at different levels in the various stages of ed-ucation.

2. Teacher supply and salaries - The Canadian Teachers" Federation

h

CANADIAN N TEAGHERS' FEDERATION

to reduce educatlonexpenditures in the face of increasing needs roi- more teachers and more accommo- dation to cope with the rapidly growing pupil cur t. Statistics show that within twelve years. Canada will be required to double the number of her teachers in sec- ondary schools and almost double the present school facilities. The acute shortage of qualified teach- ers in the elementary schools will also be a serious problem for a number of years,

Any talk of "holding the line" in the matter of educational costs must be the result of a lack of in- formation or an unrealistic view- point. Good salaries remain the "strongest factor in the recruitment and retention of teachers. Any move "to close off the upward trend at present-levels will seriously ef- fect recruitment and any tendency toward lowering salaries under present conditions will prove dis- estrous, Teachers' organizations will support the paying public in all ei- foris to eliminate waste and inef- ficiency from our educational sys- tems but the Cahadian freachersl Federation feels strongly that the most constructive move to relieve the present crisis would be a new deal between the provinces and the federal government in the matter of educational finance,

3. International Affairs. - C.T.F. President, Dr. Myrtle Conway of Winnipeg, reported on internation- al aspects of education. Dr. Con- way was a member of 'the Canad- ian government delegation to the Seventh session of the General Conference of Unesco in Paris Nov. 10th-Dec. l2. 1952.

Vice-president John Prior of South Burnaby, B. C. and secretary- treasurer George G. C-roskery of Ottawa were named official C. 'I'.F. delegates to the conference of the World Confederation of Organiza- tions of the Teaching Profession. Mr, Croskery is a member of the executive of this body which will meet in Oxford, England, in July.

views with alarm somegtendencies

The administration of education in each province is carried on by a Department of Education, under the Minister of Education, who is A member of the cabinet. -He, with the other members of the cabinet. determines the broad educational policy of the government in power. He is responsible to the Legisla- tive Assembly. and hence to the people for the satisfactory opera- tion of the educational system.

The Depariment'of Education

The Department cf- Education draws up the programmes of stud- ies. authorizes text books, sets min- imum- requirements for buildings. trains and certificates teachers and generally supervises the work of the schools. , -

Inspectors and. superintendents are the agents of the Department. They interpret the pollcf of the provincial authority andl ee that the Department's regulailo are adhered to by local. authorities. Teachers' organizations are play- ing an increasingly important role in cc-operation with Provincial De-

This country is 2.800 miles long and never more than 250 miles

ical to cold temperate. from desert to the heaviest rains in tihe world. The mountains, running into the sea in many places. make for dif- ficult transportation. The isolated position makes world trade diffi- cult. In the northern desserts are nitrates. borer and iodine. Until

Long cold winters. short springs and long hot summers, character- ize the area. North and west in this region the winters are colder. while the Niagara peninsula. in the lea of the Niagara escarpment, has milder winters, However, the most

Pitt. Montcalm, Wolfe. Annap- olis Valley, Louisbourg. Louisiana. Acadia. Quebec, Amherst, Ohio Valley. Riel. Donald A. Smith. Wclseley, Dumont. Macxenzie. l-learhe. Kelsey, La Vereridrye. Rad- isson, Borden. 1

1. Nova scotia and New Bruns- wick: 2. French colony at the mouth of the Mississippi; 3. Eng h war minister; .4. Captured in 159; 5. Defeated Montcalm: 6. French.com- mander: 7. scene of first fighting in Seven Year's War: 8. Guarded the entrance to the at. Lawrence: 9. Known as the land of Evangel-

l. The first province in Canada- to obtain. representative government was --.

2. The number of provinces to enter confederation in 1367 was

3. Selgnioral tenure was abolished mainly through the efforts of

4, The king's representative in the Federal Government is ll. Quebec was divided into two provinces by the ---.

0. The fii-stgprovince to obtain re- sponsible government was 7. Responsible II. e. ment was obtained In Nova scotia as a result of

B. The chief immediate result of Lord Durham's report was the pass- ing of the ---o---.

9. "The National Policy" which meant a tariff on Canadian imports to promote Canadian industry was Introduced by -11-

' lo. Municipal government in can-

ll. Two causu of the Red River

rebei1ionwI:.'I----

OUR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM-

CHILE

THE GREAT LAKES AREA

MATCH

FILL IN THE BLANKS

. who- passed resolutions at Quebec

who fanned the provinces of

THE ED UCA TIONAL HORIZON

rnasaurmc NEWS AND views or INTEREST T0 riiscnans AND ALI. orni-ms SEEKING A t IMPROVEMENT IN EDUCATION

17. Rivalry for ----- led to the War between Britain and France. The latter was defeat- ed in Canada at the battle of in--:. The war was terminat- ed by the Treaty of in 1763. By ft Britain received 1-- end '

iii. recommended to the British government that the two provinces of Canada be united and given self-government. As.a result the -j- was passed. Full self- government in Canada. however, was really established when ----

signed the , Bill. Canada by while its set- lil. The present Governor General tlement and development was large- of Canada is -i-. ly the work of --- ' mm cnusanas i

For a thousand years after the death of our Saviour, Jerusalem was in the hands of the Moham- medans. The Mohammedans, how- ever, also conaider Jerusalem is holy city and did not prevent Christians from making annual pllgrimages there at the Easter season, It was only when the Turks took posses- sion of the Holy Sepuldhre. it was different. To them it was just an- other grave andtbhey saw no rea- son why they should permit tres- passing. They objected and no doubt abused the people who had travelled hundreds or thousands of miles to the Holy City. Peter the Hermit told of the cruelty and at- rocities when he travelled across Europe and he urged Christian- minded citizens to rise in God's army and drive out the infidel. People gave up everything for the chance to join the crusades.

The first Crusade was a dismal failure. About 300.000 got as far as Asia Minor but preparation for the whole enterprise had not been ar- ranged. Food. clothing and trans- portation had not been arranged and the travellers died of exposure and starvation.

FILL IN THE BLANKS

l. The orange light means to traf- fic --

J

partmenis of Education. They serve in a consultative capacity and gore particularly active in all mat ers relating to teaching personnel.

Within each province there are varying degrees of decentraliza- tion. In local areas are Boards of Education or Boards of Trustees, In most of Canada members of these bodies are elected by the school supporters. In the few exceptions they are appointed by other bodies whose members are" themselves elected representatives of the rate- payers. These local authorities un- der provincial regulations have re- sponsibility for the building and maintenance of schools, the em- ployment of teachershand the ad- aptation of the educatlohal pro- gramme to -suit local reqtulremenis.

Larger units of administration in which a number of local authori- ties unite for purposes of equaliza- tion of educational opportunity through such measures as equaliz- ed asuessments. joint purchasing of supplies. etc. are becoming more numerous. (Education Week pam- phle't).

synthetic nitrates were developed. Chile was of world importance for these. one orthe largest copper de- posits in the world is there, plus coal, gold. silver and iron. The cen- tral -part is a great garden for fruit and vegetables” while the cold, damp southern part produces many sheep. A railway crosses the Andes to connect Chile with Argentina.

significant factor in the climate is the extreme variation. not only from season to season. , but within the seasons. Daily temperature changes are often great. with occasional days in winter warmer than cold days in summer.

ine; lo. Leader of the British at the capture of Louisbourg: 11. At- tempted to pacify the Metis; 12. Famous Metis buffalo hunter: 13. Leader in two rebellions; 14. First to reach -the Pacific from Canada by land;- 15. First white man to reach the prairies: 16. Advised the English to establish fur trading on the Hudson Bay: 17. Built Fort Rouge on the Red River; 18. Led a military expedition to the Red River; iii. Discovered the Copper- mlne River: 20. Prime Minister (Canada) during the Great War.

i2. The two outstanding results of the Red River rebellion were--

13. The .fir.It, Europeans to reach the Pacific coast of North Amer- ica were the i ,

14. The first meeting called to discuss a federation was held at g . This convention was call- ed lry the Marftimea. but to it went representation from . The seeond conference met at in October, 1864. At this second conference resolutions were agreed upon. The thirty-three men

were called the l.'i. one of the effects of the war

of American Independence was the

coming to'OlnIdl1Of the '

and . As a result of their demand for a parliament. the Brit- ish government passed the not dividing Canada into. and , each with s parlia- ment of its own.

10. The boundary between Brit- ish. and.Amer1oan territory in the Rockies wu settled by

Askiha man

"I wfslf you could my Sabre: you'd love

"Swoosh-you're od! Swoosh-you're back! What a ride-smooth as silk- fast as sound! And what a feeling to

Ihave all that poweri" control 1''

ASK I'll! AM JWIO it

A year or two ago, he was a young civilian you out of school. Today, he's a fully trained Air Crew Officer in the Royal Canadian Air Force . . .

brimfui with a sense

ment and responsibility. He knows that Canada's defence effort is a mighty A important buslnessV- and he's proud

to be a pm of it!

i

20. The Prime Minister is---

21. The Prime Minister of New Brunswick is ---.

22. The first Prime Minister of the Dominion of Canada was

23. The first Governor-General of Canada was --.

24. The three outstanding ach- ievements of Sir John A..MacDon- ' aid were .

25. The levying of high custom duties on goods entering Canada was known as the -&-.

26. The West was acquired for

A smaller band followed the next year and had" some success. Robert and Godfrey de Bouillon led the party and succeeded in capturing Jerusalem. Little is known of the second Crusade as very little was accomplished.

The third Crusade is best known because Richard the Lion-hearted distinguished himself, He was one ofhthree European sovereigns united in the cause. Frederick Barbarossa, one of the leaders, was drowned be- fore he reached the. Holy Land; Richard and Philip of France trav- elled by boat across the Mediter- ranean and landed safely. The city of Acre was besieged and captured but difficulties increased. Richard's ally couldn't stand his domineer- ing attitude and soon went home. . The terrific heat and the heavy armour made life unbearable for the soldiers, Their equipment was unsuitable for the c ate. even the horses were not des rt type anim- als. They could not match the speed and endurance of the Arab- ian animals. Richard was wise to make peace with Saladin. with a guarantee of' protection to all pil- grims visiting the sacred tomb.

2. one place where you may break a glass . '

come up with me in it . ."

under, your

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of accomplish?

05.000 Hone Power

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SERVE CANADA AND YOURSELF, AS AN

AIR

CREW

orricrn

I-FwcenIplefoJetoiIsentroiniog,.refeeefpoyonJetIier' benefits,-aeelhecereercevneeileretyeerneereeo,

3. The difference between I stile and a sty is --- 4. You can set whey at a -- 5. A matador waves his cap at a

0. we go to the --- side of a cow when we milk her.

'1. If you wanted to get-on a horse's back you would go 'to his --:- side.

8. Half the ducks in a pond were white. three were brown and the other one was black. There were white ducks. 1

9. Two birds that do not migrate are and . , . 10. Canada's largest wild animal is the ---,

ii, A prune grows on I. tree.

12. The language spoken by most people in the world is the -1-

MOLES AN

Moles and shrews are found all over the world, and there are many different branches of this great family. There are. for example. no fewer than one hundred and twen- ty species of shrew. including the tupain, or tree-shrew that is found in Malaya. This animal is very agile and looks something like a squirrel. in spite of its long, flexible snout.

In parts of India lives the musk- shrew. which smells so terribly that an thing it touches becomes un- ea able. All of the slirews are ra- ther unpleasant smelling creatures, and this is one reason why most people dislike them in spite of their usefulness as insect killers.

On the island of Madagascar lives the tenrec, the largest of the shrews. It is about sixteen inches long. tailless, with pines hidden in its hair. and it has a ferocious bite. Fortunately, the tenrec, like the

ROBERT

Robert Burns was born in the little thatched cottage at Alloway. Scotland. on January 25. 1759. He was one of the seven children of William and Agnes Burness. As they were poor and of the strug- zling crofter class, he received lit- tle education beyond the school kept at the cottage next door, and this he left before he was 12 years old, His knowledge of poetry and his love for it came almost entirely from his own reading. He was 21 when he wrote hm first perfect lyric, "Mary Morison". which still ranks as one of the finest ever written.

1-lis poetic gifts found further ex-

'I.nguage.

l8..The difference between iron- in; and pressing is .

14. The length of a Boy Scout's staff is -4-

l5. At a crossing the train whis- tle glvu long blasts and

short ones.

16. Another name for reverse knitting is ---.- knitting.

17, Lullabies are written in--- time.

18. A water creature that can go

faster backward than forward is 19. It. takes weeks for

duck eggs to hatch.

20. If it costs six cents to cut a stick in two pieces. it would cost - cents to out a stick in three pieces.

D SIIREWS

solenodon which lives in the Carib- bean islands. is an insect ester and does much more good than harm.

Another insect - eating animal which is found in parts of lihirope and Asia is the hedgehog. The hedgehog protects itself when an enemy starts to attack it by rolling up into a tight ball. The hedgehog likes to eat insects. especially beet- les. but it will also eat lizards. roots and fruit: which have-fallen on the ground. In some parts of Eur- ope this animal has been domest- icated and is chiefly used to destroy cockroaches. It is said that fossil remains have been found in the Dakotas which indicate that hedge- hogs once lived in North America. The name hedgehog is sometimes given to our North American por- cupine, but this is really quite a different animal

BURNS

pression when misfortunes began to pile up against him. His father died bankrupt. Burns was compelled to work as a labourer in the fields. In 1786 however. the first volume of his poems was published. This work brought him about H00. These poems brought Burns instant fame and led to his sojourn in Edin- burgh. He returned to farm life in ms, settling at ilillisland. near Dumfries. with his wife. Jean Ar- mour. In the following year he ac- cepted an excise appointment, and shortly afterwards sold his farm and moved to Dumfrles, From ear3 lier life. he had suffered from heart trouble and rheumatism. Finally.

fever proetrated him, and he died in July, 1796. .

The cottage at Alloway. his binn- plsce, was for a. time used as an inn. but has been restored with loving care to its original simplic- ity. Many of the furnishings med inf the poets childhood have been boimht back to their old plscu. standing in the little rooms you can easily visualize the scene Burns described in "rho Cotter-'s satur- dsy Night".