-THE GUAARDI-AN:

, . -- which

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Published every vsckdsy morning at in Prince Street. Cum lohslown. P. E. l.. by The Thomson Company Limited. y 'Coven Prince Edward hind use the Bow" 1 I-fdiwr and Manager. Inn A Burnsll. Associate Editor. Frank Walker

Inncn offices at Summv-rude. Montague and Albsrtoa. Auuaof . ind as Second Class unit: by the Pool office Department.

0 own.

by Carrier: Charlottetown. Summerndl 015.00 per dnnum Else

when in P E. l I900. Ulhcr Provinces and U. S. A. H100 per Innum.

"Tbs st. , t memory is weaker nun the weakest ink."

WEDNESDAY, OCT. 13, 1854

Beautlfylng The countryside

Congratulations are in order for the winners of the ninth annual conipetitioni sponsored by the Prince Edward Island” Beautification Society. The competition gets keener each year and there is no doubti that many who did not get even a mention would have been prize winners a few years ago. It is certainly not necessary to locate the property of winners in order to observe. the great improvement which is largely due to the interest aroused by the annual com- petition.

Home, school and community improve-. ment has reached a point where the neglect- ed property is now noticeable rather than the carefully tended one. It is true that years of prosperity have made considerable expenditure possible but prosperity alone would not have been enough. During hard- er years and then the war there was a dis- tinct falling off of pride in well-kept prem- ises. Without some extra incentive it would have been difficult to revive interest mak- ing farms, homes, schools. cemeteries and highways pleasant to look upon as well as utilitarian.

The directors of the society give a great deal of time and effort towards its objec- tives and farmers and others throughout the Province devote time to improving their own properties and the general appearance of their community which they could un- doubtedly put to other purposes. All of us, however, and our visitors as well, profit by the effort to make the Island truly the Gar- den of the Gulf and a well-tended garden.

A Problem For llr. Malan

It is commonly known that Southi Africa's Nationalist Party, led by the pres-,' ent Prime Minister, Dr. Daniel Malan, is established on two main factors: anti-Brit-i ish sentiment and white supremacy, which, means discrimination against and even! persecution of all other races within -ltsi borders. On more than one occasion Dr.3

say so--to provide for State implementation of the Court order when it is finally pro- mulgated. S

The authorities in North Carolina, as elsewhere, have been much hindered by irresponsible and demagogic persons who persist in making political capital out of social and racial enmities. On the other hand they have been much encouraged by some religious leaders-not all of them by any means-who have come out boldly for desegregation, not only in obedience to a judicial cdict, but in the belief that. ulti- mately, racial equality will prove to be socially beneficial to all concerned, and, further, that discrimination is morally in- defensible. Foremost among those who are giving badly needed moral leadership at this time is the Most Rev. Vincent S. Waters. Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Raleigh which takes in most of the State.

In a recent letter to Catholic High School officials Bishop Waters directed them to ”registcr and accept for class all Catholic High School students, no matter to what race they belong, provided they are Catholics and qualified for High School work." At the same time he ordered all Diocesan hospitals to admit all needy pati- ents without discrimination as to race. col- our, or economic status. Roman Catholics

constitute a relatively small minority in the ' taking '

State of North Carolina; but. in vigorous leadership in a situation fraught

with danger, they are giving impetus to the 1

advance of a social ideal and, at the same time, they are showing well intentioned but faint-hearted citizens that there is no par- ticular virtue in timidity and hesitancy when only prompt. decisive action can bring good results.

ll. 8. Farm surpluses

The United States govennment, notes the Ottawa Citizen, has set itself the task of disposing of an accumulation of wheat, cot- ton, fats and oils, and other farm products acquired through itsglong-standing policy of high price supports for these basic com- modities. Canada and other exporting coun- tries, understandably. are anxious about the effect on their own trade -of this unloading program. They have had assurances dur- ing the past several months that Washing- ton will do everything ln its power to prevent a dislocation of markets, yet this. may be difficult to accomplish, and the- anxiety remains.

Mr. Harold Stassen, U. S. Foreign Oper- ations Administration director, has repeated

LEISURE

What is this life. if full of care.

We have no time to stand and stare? '

No time to stand beneath the boughs

And share as long as sheep or cows.

No time to see, when woods we

pass. Where squirrels hide their nuts in grass. No't.lmc to see, in broad daylight. Streams full of stars, like stars at night. g No time to turn at Beauty's glance. And watch her feet, how they can

dance. No time to wait till her mouth can

I Enrich that smile her eyes began.

A poor life this if, full of care, we have no time to stand and stare.

-William Henry Davies.

Malan has threatened to break an ties with: these assurances during h'ls visit to the, Meyer, Nazi General

the Commonwealth because there are so many people of "coloured" blood in it. cently, however, there has been a notice- able decline in anti-British propaganda, no

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the British than he used to have, but be-3 cause he is coming round to the view that 3: British-South African defence pact would be the only instrument likely to be of muchl

meeting of Colombo Plan participants at!

dispose of surpluses only to countries which,

5 because Dr. Malan has more affection fofl through normal Channels of Supply This

(Ottawa Jornal)

Rep Ottawa. The American plan, he says, is to, Lt. Col. Bruce MacDonald's book. !The Trial of Kurt. Meyer (Clarke,

Irwin and Co. Toronto), has gone

t have already made their normal purchases on sale lcs than a month after the

German general was released from

prison to be welcomed by his fam-

would mean extra supplies of wanted pro- ily and former as comrades.

duce which presumably the receiving coun- tries would otherwise go' without. Yet the task of disposal is an enorm-

ecutor

Colonel MacDonald as chief pros- of war criminals for the Canadian forces led the case against Kurt Meyer before the military court. It is more than '10

help to his Country in time of war, the Unif ous one. Negotiations are now proceeding. W... ,;m-,. the ganauml Nam

ted States having shown very little interest; in taking South Africa into close associa-” tion.

Latest reports say that, while the Brit-i ish Government is not averse to some mil-V itary understanding with South Africa on: purely business terms, there will have to. be some drastic changes made in that coun-I 1ry's domestic policy before any serious consideration of a formal pact would be justified. This is so because the co-opera-f tion nf the large Negro population would be. essential in time of war: and at the mo- rnent there is no reason to suppose that- that co-operation would be forthcoming! Furthermore, the Negroes have had no, training whatsoever in any kind of skill that would be useful for military purposes.

It seems, therefore, that Dr. Malan is fast coming to the point where he will have to choose between his inhuman treatment, of non-white peoples and British help

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-1,-,' bute by unilateral action.

for the sale abroad of American surplus farm products to the value of S384 million, (total stocks in government bonds are val-. ued at about one billion), much of which is represented by bread grains in which Can-p ada is keenly interested. It-still remains at

question whether these supplies can be in-,

sulated from the regular market in such a way as to have no damaging -effect on prices. Moreover, the U. S. administration has not yet fully succeeded in its drive to bring its domestic farm support program under control so as to discourage excessive production.

The opposite risk, notes The Citizen, is that lowered farm supports might in time induce scarcity conditions. Perhaps the final answer to a difficult problem is inter- national action, through a world food bank, to provide needy countries with the food Mr. Stassen is now trying to distri- Dislocation of

time of need. It would be ironic. indeed.; Other P90Pl9'5 markets might the” be avmdi

though not unjust, if a Government whoseu political power was built on anti-British sentiment and racial discrimination should have to forsake both in order to be in a position to protect itself from outside ag- gression.

Moral Leadership

While a few of the State Legislatures in the segregated areas are toying with the ides of "private" schools as a means of getting around the Supreme Court -anti- segregation ruling, North Carolina continues to take a more realistic and more practical approach to the problem. According to a statement issued by the State Attorney- Genernl the State will present oral argu- ments on Dec. 6. the day appointed (by the Court for considering. impldmentatlon of its decree. Meanwhile; the Governor of the State says that "while North Carolina's dourseihss not been charted, the problem as I see it is to establish in policy and a pro- " will preserve the public schools the support of the-people.” The has appointed an advisory Com- ' niembers of which are Negro vvhoscjoblt wlllbstoflndwsys of preserving cud, what is even more

VIII

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.1i!I9'9"r"9'-"Wilt

ed or at least reduced to a minimum. EDITORIAL NOTES

The City Council Chamber has frequent.- ly been the scene of dramatic incidents so that tonight's talk by the director of the Dominion Drama Festival should have an appropriate atmosphere.

0. O 0

Even to the xjudlclary taxation is no longer merely a means of raising funds but also a political weapon. Mr. Justice Thor- son. president of the Exchequer Court of Canada, for instance, has declared: "In my view, Income Tax is the greatest instru- ment of social reform that man has yet de- vised. It has enabled us to go as far as we have gone in establishing the welfare state."

, 0 o o

Greenwich was universally adopted for the prime meridian this date 1884. 'In a series of international conferences between 1891 and 1928 agrgcment was mimcroucpolnts for an international- thp world. Bttldsrd colours fork smstrlc lystenl for units, contours, . the grid have been accepted. no

seen by witnesses

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under Meyer's command killed

Canadian prisoners. More their 100

were thus murdered, Colonel Mac- Donald says, but Meyer was charg-l

ed with responsibility for the mur-

der of 48 and was found guilty of responsibility for the killing of 18 at his headquarters.

colonel MacDonald cites ghastly examples: 35 Canadian prisoners were resting quietly when the Nazis fired on them: a non-combatant.

l Red Cross man, his badge: showing

clearly, was shot in cold blood; German officers and NCOs wcr looking with pleasure at the execution of prison- erszan officer snatched up a pistol and shot two prisoners whose re- plies displeased him.

There was a conviction, the death sentence was passed, the firing squad was rehearsed and Meyer said farewell to his family. Then the mctlc lous Canadian prosecutor wlshsd to make sure every possible authority had exam- ined thc sentence, there will delay and cornmutatlon of the sentence to life imprisonment. But: Colonel MacDonald to this day believes tlzc first sentence of the mil tsry court was "logical. judicial. just" and what happened after it was chang- ed was based on expediency not justice. -

The defence at the trial set forth that there wu doubt and inconsist- cncy in some of-the evidence. it was argued that the murders of prisoners at Meyer's headquarters were not his responsibility. The Camdisn arcs commander. Major General Vokcs. who subsequently gave the order for commutation. said later he did not feel that "the degree of responsibility" establish- ed at the trill warranted the sup. rsmc penalty. '

Freedom. followed commutation, but colonel Ilscbonsld accepts that once the sentence had been reduced to imprisonment it was un- voncnt that Canada should not 5.0 out of line with the 31-il.lsh.and Americans in their treltmcnt of other war criminals. And thus Meyer was freed.-

It is not the use of storyiwhlch leaves my sense of sltisflctsry conclusion. Political expedfgncy can be an unpleasant pond. gut there the story is. This at lsut may be said-we err on the side of compassion rather than vindictive- nsn. But none will wonder if the companion the bereaved families-of than-who died in the wlr sninst Kn! Meysr

l The Age Old" Story is

Psgsil The Gusmlb

f NOTES BY

i . rather do without than have cer-

ATLANTIC LETTER

New Voices

HALIFAX-one of the encourag- ing things about the new Atlantic Provinces Economic Council is the thinking behind it. Here is initia- tive from within to fight. from within the things that all the area, and, significantly, not on I prov- incial but I regional basis. It cou- trasts, say, with the situation of A generation ago. when with cause and with effect, the area hammer- ed at the theme of Maritime Rights and the duty of the nutloll. of others, through Ottawa, to rectify the wrongs of Confederation. It's hard to tell how far this l'eB'h8a gone since then in she ding its scepticism of the national structure but one yardstick may lie in the fact that this new movement gives precedence not to responsibility of blame of others but of the area it- self in challenging economic handl- caps.

The Council of 12 business and professional spokesmen from the four Atlantic provinces held its first meeting recently in Halifax. It was notable that not once there amid the monarchlcal elegance of Province House's old Red Room did you hear the old aggrieved cries of "rights" and "bad deal at Con- federation" and "Ottawa's respons- ibility! Rather you heard voices saying that whatever course the Council shapes must coincide with the good of all Canada.

The Premiers both New Bruns- wick snd Nova Bcotla have stated in connection with this body that this region has harpcd too long on its handicaps and, by implication, too llttleiion its own responsibility to attack them. i

From the chair Lionel Forsyth of Dosco mused the suggestion that "our people haven't been aggres- sive enough". that "one of the dis- abilities of this area is the lack of interest in the common good." It remained for the combustible Joey Smsllwood to talk the old chlppy talk: he hadn't brought Newfound- land into Confederation to become

loan may be helping

, When yet! an s contractor on 1 job, s

In The East .

By Douglas Howe

an economic colony of Ontario and Quebec. The Atlantic area should trade more within itself, process more of its own goods, have 9. little economic federation of its own. His call for more trade within an area that now imports between '10 and 90 per cent. of its necessities certainly found support. But: Joey's as the one shoulder with any- lng like a chip on it.

He and the other Premiers came to give the Council their essings but urged it to move under ts own power and not to become a ward of government. The aim is to do that, to attack first what. one manufacturer called "our colossal ignorance" of underlying regional economic factors and then to try to cure the ills through know- ledge and co-operation.

How far the movement goes only time can tell. To a large extent, it will depend on the drive of the man they hire as full-time man- ager. Inevitably. it's been suggest- ed it might go all the way to Marl- tlme political union bu,t at best. that's premature. .

It's 90 years now since the colon- ial Maritlmes did make an shor- live and languid stab at Union and

for sir. John A. Mscdonsld to rock the baby Canada in three years later. There was no wide popular support for Union then and there isn't now. Since this new idea does cover not only the economic field but joint. .-nu ment action on tourism. highways and education. it's not. lnconccivublethst political union might eventually stem from it. But there's no conscious move- ment yet towards that goal. There also is the question of where the movement cams from. It came partly from the enhanced regional feeling that came from Newfoundlsnd's entry into Canada. It came partly from the irony that the railways -built to units can- ada now grc tending, through high freight costs, to cut it up into econ- omic regions. It also came part-

fo finance ff. --

- for his resourcefulness, and again

i have made sturdy advances in this ; past. decade. only

succeeded only in providing a cradle,

In A rapidly devclolil-Ill Cullds than is keen competition for new industries. 'rowns.- I-I cities. In vying with one another for than industries. But some are being very particular Just what. kind of industries they get. They would

tlin industries inflicted upon them. -Windsor Daily Star. '

our man national bustle. the beaver. often has been commend d

is in line for s' few more words of praise. When railway men wrecked I dun near Geraldtou the other day, they left lighted lsntcrns II the scene to discourage recon- struction. Instead of being dis- couraged. the colony's beavers used them to plug holes in the repaired dam. Plscccl-upright. the lanterns still were burning when the rail- wny men returned to view their handiwork.-Windsor Daily Star.

ly from economic bewilderment and apprehension.

The Maritime Right. movement sprang out of the failure of this area to shun much in the prosper- ity of the late 20s. To a good ex- tent. undoubtedly the different tenor of this new movement springs from the fact. the area. hss shared in this more recent prosperity and that s quarter-century has brought a lot of changes in distribution of national wealth. But there is irony here too. These provinces

to see them dwarfed by brdthcr provinces that

in this sense, is an alliance of the small confronted with the necessity of keeping somewhere near the big.

Then funny in true too that it has been spurred by fears that the region in some ways may be starting to slip back. If these bad signs kccp darkening it would be idle to expect the region to look only to itself. It also could be wrong. The at. Lawrence Seaway. for example, looks to I Multlmcr like one more incredible gift. by nature and man to an are: already incredibly gifted. If it contributes to Maritime economic ills. as many fear, a revival of demands for na- tlonnl - redress is not unlikely, Freight costs. too. In striking this arcs. in I way that only national action can cure.

Appeals to Ottawa on either mat- ter would not be unwarranted nor would they lessen the value or significance of this new CounciL There's I difference between justl- flsd self-interest in seeking national action on such matters and sur- render to 1 state of mind which mutss initiative and adds to region- al ills by blaming these ills general- ly on Confederation. As a challenge to such a state of mlntl. the Coun- cil is I healthy step forward. In the words of the head of the found- ing fathers of the Maritime Board of Trade, "our idea is to do every-

strlde u giants do. The Council, ,

.THE win!

In reading over I list of rule. for pedesu-inns we came across one which is seldom observed. ye; most important. It is "if ponu-,1. carry a white object when walking at night." Dark clothes at night, even on city streets. are difficult to-see. A white object would be of material aid to motorists. - St. Catharine: Standard.

About 089.000 people. comprising the entire population of Iirlnldsd snd Tobago. an to be vaccinated as a means of protection Against yellow fever. This action follows the death of one hunter from that dread disease. The forward much of medical science is -thus illust- rated once more. Only g few years ago. the occunncs of one case would have led to the death og hundreds if not thousands.-Brant. ford Expositor.

An American marriages bscom. in: more stable? It may well 5. that they are. The big news is mg; the divorce rate is no longer go. in; up. For the last several years divorces have leveled off. They've been holding at I rate of about 2.5 for every 1,000 people in the country. That's I great change in the steady upward trend that has lasted - save for a few depression years - ever since divorce figures first wers collected. - Gait Re. porter. i

Old Charlottetown

- and P. I. I. GILLII POINT

"The c e n s u s, 1798. mentions Roderick Gillis, from Barn, scar. land. as head of a family in this lot (Lot 13). Gillis on chart. 1850. Spelled Gillies in recent editions and Department of Interior up, 1914. Also known as Low Igiiint Abraham Gesner, in his report on the geology of the Island dated Dec. 31, 1846. says:

" 'Neai- the Point is the site of an old French village and I lugs chapel which was abandoned. . . . when the Acadlans were expelled. It is now covered with A thick growth of fir and spruce. At this place also the sea has advanced rapidly upon the shore and has intruded upon the ancient camo- tery . . . I collected all the bones I could find in the tldewny and by the aid of the Indians. who considered it a..very unpluunt. task, they were relnterrcd some distance from the shore. This place has long been a favorite spot: for money diggers. If the persons who have dug large pits at Low Point would endeavor to replace the bones of their race in a place of security, their labours would be more prslseworthy than they now are in fruitless searching: for the gold of the pirate. Captain Kidd, who probably never visited the Island."

thing possible for ourselves before asking anything of anybody else.”

-Place-Names of P r in c c Ed-

ward Island, Ottawa, 1925.

of only "316.

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