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FRIDAY, MAY 8, 1959.

!

. *Mr. Gordon's Comments

Discussing the—P.E.I. causeway possibilities before The House of Commons railway committee the other day, CNR President Donald Gordon is quoted as saying he pre- sumed the project would be’ feasible to operate but he would not ven- ture an opinion on how economical it might be. “I hope”, he added, “that it will not be the CNR’s job to: build it.” We should hope not, in- deed! The less Mr. Gordon has to do ‘with that the better. .

‘We do, however, appreciate his statement that “if the causeway is feasible, it would be equally feasible to put a_railway line on it.” That would certainly be required, and it

would necesszrily figure in the cost * of construction. But on our more pressing problem—that of adequate ferry service. between Borden and Tormentine—the Railway president \ Jeft the impression that increasing the carrying capacity of the old Can- so Strait ferry Scotia II is all that . would be required.

No doubt it was he who gave the Federal Minister of Transport this idea. It was one of the alternatives ntioned in the statement from our

sjand members at Ottawa, a dis- __eussed with them and Premier Mathe-

son’last week; and it is the least sat- _

isfactory one so far as our year- round requirements are concerned. Every effort should first be made to obtain an icebreaker, and we are not convinced that this prospect has been fully explored, We trust’ that there are no _ bureaucratic road- blocks being put in the way.

_ In this matter of providing con- tinuous communication between the Province and the mainland, there*are obligations involved with which the Railway as operating agent has noth- ing whatever to do. We want to keep it that way. We-respect Mr. Gordon

‘ for his outstanding ability, and we should like to have his support at all times. If he can help us in this‘ in- stance, well and good; but if he can’t, we wish he would remember the say- ing of his distinguished fellow Scot, Thomas Cartyle, that there are times when “silence is golden”. We are dealing with rights guaranteed us un- der Confederation, through our own elected representatives, with the men elected torun this country’s af- fairs and whom we are holding to account, collectively and“individually. Mr. Gordon isn’t one of them. He isn’t playing in. this league at all, much less umpiring*the game. “We suggest, with all due respect, that jhe remember that in future.

b, Hopes And Anxieties It is to be hoped that Hon. Lionel: Chevrier, first president of the St. z.Lawrence Seaway Authority, is cor- rect in his view that the Seaway may open up new movements -between the Atlantic Provinces and all the Can- adian Great Lakes ports. He men- tions-potatoes, pulpwood, lumber and ‘fish as Atlantic. products which may in future move -via the Seaway to Central Canadian markets. ~ Meanwhile that great English newspaper, the Manchester Guardian, has been taking a look at the pros- pects from the Maritime standpoint. dnd paints a_ lessx rosy picture. Saint John and Halifax, it notes, have established a joint commissior to watch over their interests. They fre the only two big mainland ports in Eastern Canada open all the year ‘round at present, and through them -pours Canada’s Atlantic trade for four months of the year, the life- blood of the two cities and their pro- vinces.

“What these rts fear,” says ‘The Guatdian, “that year-round navigation as’ far west 4s Quebec may be expected within fifteen years, possibly much less, ‘and that even. tually year-round navigation of the Seaway itself may be made possible. Technically. there is little to prevent such continuous navigation. On the economic side, there is much against it at present. Maintenance costs and “depreciation on navigational aids -guch as icebreakers, warning sys ’ tems and rescue, the cost of reinfore-

’ ‘ng hulls to resist ice floes, unfor-_

/ ~

seen delays great. : ; “If these expenses add up to more than the cost of rail or road trans- portation from the Atlantic ports, it will hardly be business for those trading, or ‘for the country, since the additional prosperity o Quebec would be countefbalanced_ by the death-blow to Saint John and Halifax. The future threat to New Brunswick and Nova Scotia is a real one in these days of swift scientific progress.” “4 British Columbia too, notes tthe Guardian, is |awaiting the Seaway effects with some anxiety. The ports of Vancouver and Prince Rupert have been the outlet for much prairie wheat, more than half of which goes to the Pacific and will not be affect- ed. About 45 per cent goes to Europe, and this trade may decrease during the Seaway season.

U.S. Teacher Situation

_ Canada is not the only country with a teacher shortage problem. It has, indeed, been a_ source- of con-

the neighboring Republic. According to the National Education Associa- tion (NEA) there will be a 135,000 teacher shortage this fall, which will force various makeshifts, including use of thousands of undertrained teachers.

The elementary teacher lack is

quantity and preparation. While there are about 60 per cent more jobs for elementary teachers than for high school teachers, 60 per cent more students in teacher train- ing are preparing for high school than for grade school. There is, however, encouraging news for those concerned about science and mathe- matics instruction. Potential new

|. science teachers are up fearly 28

per cent and mathematics teachers " are up 32 per cent. - +

Teacher quality is improving, at least in terms of formal training. More teachers have at least four years of college and more are tak- ing additional training as they teach. A higher percentage of new graduates trained for teaching actu- ally go into classrooms. And efforts to recruit former teachers, fully qualified and experienced, and other capable persons several years out “Of college are meeting considerable success. 4

EDITORIAL NOTES

July 6 has been proposed as & date for the opening of a federal-previn- cial conference of finance ministers ‘on the tax-sharing agreements. It is to be hoped that this Province will take full advantague of the oppor- tunity of restating our claims for a better fiscal deal.

It is not always wise to throw away old ae In a Coburg, Ont church officials had decided to throw out a picture that had hung in the parish hall for 50 years, when an art expert, who happened by chance to

' gee it, said it was a masterpiece and

might be worth ‘as much as $100,000 et . . -

There is little of the traditiona English stuffiness about Prime\ Min- ister Harold Macmillan. Walking through the streets of a northern in-

greeted by a woman voter with a loud “Boo!” The Prime Minister stop- ped, looked at his challenger, straightened his “tie and snapped back: “Boo to you!” Then he walked on. That mightn’t be a bad technique to use at the Geneva conference. _* . +

Even at the moment of his arrival at Washington, Sir Winston Churchill had a thought for Canada. In his brief sentences of reply to President Eisenhower’s airport greet- ings, he said: “I am sorry that the brevity of my -stay makes it impos- sible for me to visit Canada or to see many of my old friends.” Friends in- deed! To see them all he would need to tour Canada’ for many months, visiting not only every capital but every town, village and hamlet.

* s ”

Fisheries Minister Angus Mac- Lean filled in as Agriculture Minis- ter in the House of Commons on Wed- nesday, and the occasion was too good to be missed by a CCF member, Frank Howard, who suggested that in view of Mr. MacLean’s dual role he consult himself about turning over to the Fisheries Minister the Agni- eulture Minister’s responsibility for administering subsidies to build cold storage space for fish and fish pro ducts. Speaker Michener cut off the discussion with the appropriate statement that it is “out of order for

ministers to talk to themselves.”

and so on will be very

Siderable concern to educationists in‘

reported to be serious, both as to

dustrial town the other day, he was |

~a

where home is, and to rally the forces ‘in a battle. But in this | country, the battle is about the -flag itself. It is a battle which no Government is ever likely to ter- minate, since the tumult over this | unlikely topic drowns out more cogent debate.There have been a lot of words printed on the subject;and_it_is_with_some_mis-

PUBLIC FORUM |

is column ts open to the discus

sion correspondents of question c.

interest. The Guardian does not neses

sarily en‘orse the opinion “ef corres pondents.

TRUCK TRAFFIC

Sir.—Can you through your ‘paper tell the public, why the weight restrictions are still in effect on P. E. Island and why a certain number of trucks can haul 300 bags of potatoes on each load at 75 lbs. each, and large tractors and floats weighing 30 tons can be moved every day, and when I call those that get paid b§™the people and are in - authority about hauling a 7-ton load of gravel or sand,. they say, “It's at your own risk.” Their money comes easy; but next election day the truckmen wi know what to do. . ' I am, Sir, ete.

ONE AFFECTED

Wood Islands.

MORE NURSES REQUIRED

Sir:—Newspapers generally, and the public at large, do well to note the difficulties in which our nursing profession ‘now finds itself. The shortage of trained nurses in every field, and the consequent danger of the return of the cheap “‘Sairey Gamp” type of nurse, with all her frightening implications, can even threaten : the future of the much-needed national health scheme.

A national crisis in the nursing profession has arisen due to var- jous factors, the chief one being the erroneous impression that all salaried ‘“‘grass roots’’ nurses ‘the ones who do the work, not , those who sit behind a desk all day), are adequately paid.

Nursing today is a means of livelihood, as well as a vocation. Younger women are increasingly breadwinners, and have depen- dents, the same as other voters and taxpayers. These family re- |. sponsibilities are of primary | concern, and their financial needs ‘must come before any vocation’s demands, if that pro- fession remains an ill-paid one. Suitable young men, who could give more stability to nursing, especially in administration and ‘rural and northern fields, étc., are deterred from nursing by the inadequate salaries.

In alarming numbers, ‘grass roots’’ nurses are leaving Can- ada for the United States be- cause of the higher salaries they can command there. Similarly, public health nurses in particu-. lar, are turning to the teaching profession, where they can earn $1.200 a year more, and up, with ‘ attractive and encouraging an- nual increments.

Some house cleaning within the nufsing profession is also

»| required, especially with regard

tg specialized nurses, who have been forced into other nursing areas by the whim of people on higher levels. : Therefore, as some very con- cerned “grass yoots’’ nurses across Canada want positive action in the matter, all R.N.’s- who are discouraged and angry at the present situation, are in- vited to write their views to the undersigned, for further discug- sion and more constructive chan- nelling of effort. Those nurses who are planning to leave for the U.S., or change to another line of work, pleas.. state reasons in detail. Our aim is, “to keep nurses in nursing and nurses in Canada.” . I ‘am Sir, etc. _ - (Miss) CECILIA POPE, R.N.

e On Furling (H. F. Herbert in the Canadian Commentator) Flags were invented to show| giving, that I add mine to all the

| the flag controversy which has | not yet been advanced. It is my | hope that it may stimulate fresh

| which appear to have been de-

|a merchant marine device. Since

| pretty much to nations of

1668 Eglinton Avenue W.,.

‘| Toronte 10, Out

The Flag

others. I have, however, a solution to

discussion along more fruitful lines, for to date, the rgw has been confined to the design of the thing.

Without—iotending in any way | to seem unpatriotic, I think it fair to say that there are few existing ‘flags, our own included,

signed to be aesthetically pleas- ing. The English kept piling cros- ses one on top of the other as they consolidated their.rule over the British Isles, till the result looks like an _ inefficient fly swatter.

The pragmatic Americans fa- ced with a plethora of states, built theirs around arithmetic; come to think of it, their flag looks rather like an abacus. The Russians, with their usual lack of tact, used symbols which in- dicate all too clearly their pro pensity for cutting others down to size and then hammering them into the ground.

ENDLESS DISCUSSION

CANADA and some of the oth- er Dominions were permitted to use variations of thé red ensign,

Britain is alleged to be a nation | of shopkeepers; this solution is | quite, appropriate, though lack- ing in originality, i

In the endless discussion over alternative designs for a Cana- dian flag, not much heed is paid to similar problems faced by other nations in the past. One point worth noting is that, by and large, European and Amer- ican states content themselves’ with uncomplicated combinations of colors. The use of devices with more impact, such as elephants. rising suns or temples is left the East. Since you'll search a long time before discovering anything very oriental about Canadians, perhaps we should think twice before: going all out for beav- ers or antelope or maple leaves.

These might be okay for the Native Sons (it’s difficult to un- derstand how anyone off a re- servation can soglescribe himself) but to us immigrants, whose fa- milies were chased North by the Americans in the eighteenth cen- cae such symbols have a dis- quietingly explicit effect. Once you've tied yourself to an ani- | mal or a piece of vegetation, you accept the bad as well as the admirable qualities of such touch- stones, as Siam evidently discov- ered; the elephant has latterly disappeared from her flag. PRIMITIVE DESIGNS

Flags were developed early in history and are still rather prim- itive in their conception. Among all the flags of the United Na- tions, red is the favorite color, with the other primaries, blue and yellow, next in order of pre- ference. Only eleven flags have anything so advanced as a cross in the design; only fourteen have heraldic devices.

The favorite motif is the firm-

ent; there are no less than

thirty-four countries flying flags which feature sun, moon or stars. For the most part, they could well have been designed by Druids, or Incas. Still, flags have to be rather basic to ful- fil their intended function. They must appeat to a whole popula- tion, eand not just to a literate minority. -

~Just the same, why can’t we Canadians be consistent, and take | our usual calm, considered posi- tion on flags, as we do on Es- kimos and George Drew? Do we, of all people, need to have our patriotism, stimulated by pieces of badly designed bunting, flap- ping in our faces at every turn? Do our enlightened citizens need such a symbol to stimulate the adrenals and ensure dyramic progress? Why don’t we adver- tise our maturity; — why don't we, in a splendid, enlightened gesture—do without a flag of any sort!

country in the world. Other na-

tions, jealous of our originality, would nevertheless be quick to recognize a new force, in inter- national affairs.

They would see in flagless Ca- nada a symbol of the new, the rational approach. Wherever na- tions gather in conference; at the UN, at NATO IN Geneva; there, midst the gaudy fluttering bur- gees of the old, irrational world, Canada's bare pole, antiseptic, aloof, remarkable, would point

the way to the Age of Reason.

It would also end debate on the flag.

Or’ would it? A small insistent voice within me will not be stil- led. It whispers to me that there would still be a problem—promp- ting fresh debate, arousing new controversy. Canadians thrive on controversy; they would rise to the new challenge. What would the challenge be? Why, can’t you guess? What colors will we paint the pole?

C12 Aage Old Storv

Speak every man Truth with his neighbour.

head between his Knees->— ONE EXCEPTION

There is one exception to this procedure. If the person's face seems extremely flushed, it might be better to have him keep his head raised. -

You can tell pretty well whe ther the bleod is returning to the brain by the color of the person’s face. The paleness disappears as the supply of blood is incr

Applying cold water to the vic- tim’s head and face, letting him inhale smelling salts or permit-

ful of aromatic ‘spirits of am- monia in water might help, too. All of these methods have a sti- mulating effect.

Keep the patient perfectly quiet until he is sure he feels normal avain.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

S.P.: My little boy, now nine years old, groans all night long. He has done this all his life. Can you tell me the cause of this and what can be done for him ¢

Answer: This condition is usu- ally caused by nervousness or ' dreaming.

Lynch Mob Rides Again

Christian Science Monitor

In 1953@fuskegee Institute drop- ped its “annual tally of lynchings as no longer a “Valid indéx"’ of race relations. In January, 1955,

the Federal Bureau of Investiga-

tion reported no lynchings in the previous three years. That year, however, three Negroes were killed ‘or disappeared) in Missis- sippi under. circumstances which could be classed as lynchings. Tragically, Mississippi, the last state to besmirch the American record since 1951, has done so again At least the dragging of a screaming Negro, Mack C. Parker, from his jail cell in Pop- larville at midnight by a dozen or more masked men qualifies as the start of a lynching. Parker was ‘to go on trial the next; day on charges of rape, with the prima facie evidence strongly against him. This \was

no spontaneous mob uprising of |

an outraged community swept by fear of a miscarriage of justice. The \ abductors worked by plan. They knew the jail routine and the location of Parker's cell. Gov. J.P. Coleman asked the FBI to enter the case. And by

the next day 60 state police, sher- |

iff's deputies, and FBI agents

_were searching the woods and

swamps around the southern Mis- sissippi town for Parker, mem

bers of the mob and witnesses. Thus far, they have found only the last—a few who could verify the abduction, not identify the participants. The state circuit judge who was to try Parker has wisely post-poned_ all criminal trials because of community ex- citement.

Thus far Mississippi officials | have acted. positively. The Gov- ernor and the judge both have revealed sensitiveness to the in- evitable reaction of the nation and the world. They share the Deep South's hostility toward ra- cial desegregation. But they share also, no doubt, the decent Southerner’s regard for law and order.

is: Is there enough of this sen- timent in the local community to produce witnesses who can iden- tify the mobsters, and jurors who would convict them if they are brought to trial? ;

MAXIMS

Never tell a young person that something cannot be done. God may have been waiiing for cen- turies for somebody ignorant enouSh of the impossible te de

that very thing.

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The yet unanswered question |

A banker went to the doctor for a chetkup. came the doc- tor’s verdict, ‘You're as a dollar!’’ “As bad

‘ ‘There’s some logical explana- tion, of course, but Caesar’s

said something about

icion. Guests at a supper in one sNike Fergus churches were admiring’ pat-

wife being above

tern on a fine linen tablecloth,

but were somewhat surprised to

find the words ‘‘Hotel Shoreland,

Chicago’”’, woven into the table- cloth—Fergus News Record

ei . When people point out that. few ‘records of Shakespeare's life ex- ist, advancing this as a reason for thinking that he cannot have been anybody of ence, we are cma h tae Whe wrote 36 plays, worked as an actor, and managed a threatre has not much time over in, which to do other things. Shakespeare was a writer, and the most prod- uctive time in a writer’s life is when he sits at his desk—unless it is the time when he is inert,

waiting for an idea.—Peterbor- ough Examiner

OUR YESTERDAYS,

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (May 8, 1934)

The paving of certain sections of Fitzroy Street, Sydney Street and Brighton- Road was set forth in a street paving program decid- ed upon at a special meeting of the City Council held last even- ing. It was also proposed that a contract be entered into with the Warren Paving Company to have the work completed by Aug-' ust 1.

Mrs. Harry Davison, Montague

Bridge at her home on Friday evening in aid of the King’s County Hospital. Lovely prizes were won, by Mrs. L.H. Poole, Mrs. R.G. MacDonald, Mrs. W. A. Cumming and Mrs. W. Mac- Lean.

TEN YEARS AGO (May 8, 1949) Appearing out of a very low overcast, the Summerside based ° aircraft, Polaris, circled the air- drome and then touched down for a landing at her home port |, Saturday, concluding a non-stop

flight /of pproximately 3,000 Miles from itehorse, Y.T. The Zenith landed a few minutes later.

Mr. Leo P. Mclsaac accepted the position of permanent secre- tary-treasurer of the P.E.I. Fed- eration of Agriculture, pending his release from the Provincial Department of Agriculture, at a meeting of the directors of the Federation on Saturday. The permanent office will be opened as soon as possible and a mém- bership drive thoughout the province will be undertaken al-

_ NOTES BY THE WAY |

A reader writes that g letter Planes are now carrying

most immediately.

passengers back and forth across but many who have time would and good food of a sea voyage:

for a ‘rgaring the upper airs.—Otta J

Drought in parts of Western On-' tario dramatizes a situation that; has been causing concern for! many years. Rising demand for, water and a falling water table: create a problem that no meas’ ures yet taken have been able to solve. Ideas for piping water from the Great Lakes may have’ to be implemented.—Ottawa Cit- tzen ; ;

Trapped wondrously in the ex« cess of his rhetoric was Sena- tor Dirksen of Illinois who so gallantly supported in the United Btates “Senate the nomination of Clare Booth Luce as ~dmbassa- dor to Brazil. ‘‘Why” asked the, Senator in a classical case vf mixed metaphors, “Why thresh old straw and beat ~an old bag of bones’.Ottawa Journal 3

At the present time the law requires only that a prisoner on release should be given $10 and tansportation to the area in which he was arrested and convicted. But surely it is slight encourage- ~ ment to finding a better way of © life to be turned out into the world, burdened by a prison re- cord, and helped with nothing more than $10.—Montreal Gaz. ette pe .

—

‘The - Joc Corner |

Now is the time of joyous heart, Now is the gladsome season. . = Now Pan the poet plays his part Of ruler over reason.

And now the Sun is midwife

To root and tiny seed, a

Gives virgin birth ‘and life wee To nurtured flower and weed. _- In the winter sing? In their darkest days

—Bert Foster”

Why did the birds + They remembered—Spring. ‘

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