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~.. - `.""_' _ '51, ° __ ___ ' - ‘ ":- ' ' " ' " »} " 'Ni . 5 _ _ ' . », -3 \ ‘ 1 _J - ' if _ T‘;i.......'-"~'- 2;. S- '»;l.-é teresa’ ,. “‘_,,’ _ "” ~ _ -_"fl f'"' ' - . _ -
'rue l_7_s`1r»‘._=*'r.hh»».'ruri. and .seed Roads departments of _The Guardian eithsr<»hy_4liiIlii1°li, correspondence or otherwilgffl Lfnk’ _ will hp “given by experts to __ail1l:¥&sltions of 'general interest and space will be given to any articles that 'will in-any way help _t.6‘adv¢nee»Princo Edward Is- land intel'eiM.‘_ -_ '
0ontri_b\i_tors_ are asked to have their articles' at this office early each week,"'*n'l only' a _ short emergency item-can be_-handled as late as one hm. fwe_dusiaey.~ all received .ner that 'ihjenr feellnce' ' appear until the foliowing 'week-.
-Li__
Si",h°°fi 5, Til-E HOME-
Cohtriblllious 'for' this department
should be addressed to
President Teachers’ Association - Guurdia_u’|~l School and Holne
P. O. Box i‘iii, Clinrlottetown.
wolvllf:N's l:<s"l‘I'l‘l'lfl‘l<: '
_ MOVEMENT.
_-___
(f_3.v_Mrs.__ A. E._'Dunbl‘ack.)
._ . .- . In br-.half of m ‘co-workers in the
great movement hown throughout the _wlinlo continent as Women's In- stitl`rtes~; I "walit' ' to express through your valuable columns my apprecia- tion of the tlle_ff_c'orgiinl welcome being extended to'_,I;1'Gf‘b}"'8-1l_the_ ladies and gentlemen _\\'hp'_'-have attended the meetings which'-~h'av_e been held dur- ing the past~mol'lth in the above in- terest. I thank you most heartily for this kindly greeting, and assure you it in a great pleasure to be with you in the work. You are about to begin un organised work under the direc- tion of the Department of Agricul- ture for P. E. Island, and I wish you all success in s. forward and progres- sive- mission. The initial step hos been taken and I trust it will prove very 'helpful and integesting, as well as insf,rl:ct£vn-
I think the work has a great fut- ure. The help it is possible for the homemaker to. derive from it can hardly bo estimated. It is-my ardent wish that hundreds of women will \oin'the work and appreciate what it means to the women of Prince Ed- iverarlslend that the the Department of -A'gri¢uIture‘l'wil*t'fiielpf-and eneour-\ age you in studying these vital and important fhome' questions. To many the lack of interest in the large field of this province, in Home Economics is apparent, -so it should be your nilr-, as organizations, to assist in
*kilns place-between ¢-_zne‘s¢u1ltui'»'3’eerureed wie - ,n=9,,|, use '->.'.=<~ ~~ ' ~ ' _worhrgn liaise lnonolntes and __ tke'__“oldest inh&'¥&nt,”Pf`?.'!¥.~! _,a .!ilv_ff;§kf'§?'\fooli"se'ef'thst the hens im '_ -°‘9°’m_“§""I _m'“_'-"‘V!‘|` 3“U_|1 il the wg in which ~~ - ps yo 'iii mf o use l`ol"'h.atehfhg »
.- "’“‘ ° Y°“°¥»*°\W= v\w“i\u ¢°'»¢‘\“‘e * r” are miie '~'¢l¢e~w re'a“&ier'enahr°eie a e
“num in ww,.~,°m,»’~.wl_ ir. i¥;;°h¥_i_\_l_hMdMw her~enuese:eo\_irss_.ie. -_kent _£s_,y'\°g;_"i§l._,_"_ -__9_.- ' _ -ll ` have ~ eii"i*5¢e_il.'° and 103" uvl¢ea'¢e-fegslerleete as -ree rel-le, win. at elrl.('lf€-'frlilffif §i”}'l “"4 °" "lib ,iicfq _sen _ - _uw i_ _ ‘ _ _uc we #_ mr. me
s .p if-in
.elumetnerar _(dv. e reisrg _r_l_¢‘\ese_v.se§f willy le me »-\l~»»-uw-w.lm ee.; = esihv~»»re¢';'-_ ¢~e}’.'f__~e=» ¢\»~m:1==-‘
o _ ' '
_ .im
_A houeeholdhiid sg;-1" fo _ pg, _
- Nlwuslbility ~ often fa"i'l:"on-4 lm' "
Jbgfore she hsl'l\sdiȢ|,, "mai [ui
tum l\'_lftttBPB Eg mgmbx ?
assisted by her more'-ex'perisnced.ai's-‘ ters-in Practical _alwlieation of lief theories. _ ‘ - 'A '- ~- -
1*- ill “Oil expected of a young' man that h_e"will enter' any :business pro~< fession without itart ng at eh¢1\,°._, H17-mill!! Midlloarnillg it. Not suiwitli many of our girls-.todd . Al `
l\l‘l~°f»_i¢Rl -knowledfe and training that they are without, and struggles. -to do the best they can wltbon(»,.g;¢_ cutive ability, perhaps,. and order. Their very lack of`th'ese make house-_ lwlii N101* drullgery-and care of chil- dren a burden.-,What can aid and bet- ter sucb conditions, supplying iu_ a measure this needed education, than such meetings as those of the Wo- men’s institute? There are a ood many good" magazines now. lrom which great benefit may be derivedi that are discussl g home topics and assisting us in. alisline. It is true,' there is also a good correspondence; course which is of great educational value, h::t an opportunity of hearing' good teachers lecture and discussingi the question at hanqwseeing the act-
ual deiu¢mstrat_,i_tfn bl Af ‘iractical ple- thods. and doing 'wor in a moral sanitary way is a real blessing
n*.anyof_us._» _
The woman _who ' _ _read assum- cd the cares 'of a llggiiilaholdy cannot, as s, rllie, be long absent from hon'.e. However, she can, in, n"brief period
ingsof the Institutes get much in- spiration and manyj,-,helpful sugges- tions. It is not( only aj-rest, a change, but a broadening influence not easily
measured, that-_ _egianates from such gatherings, mid" he".-‘-‘|ial‘ticipatin;; goes home better prepared to take up life's numerous duties. If only we get H. clearer idea of essentials and non- essimtinll. Ofgleavilrg undone many things we have been doing perhaps from habit, custom or tradition, and learning the meaninff of living szlil- Dly and well, iv_lli7._t_a great gain thc-se would be. I-low;'g,_lad§;`we _ought to be and how r_zrate'¢ui-'t,lia`\__a helpful hand is being hcld”`o'ut"to us by the [ie- partment of Agriculture.
v as,, ~too
late. they roalirs tbe.need 'of "l'n'uo‘n _
- dt, gpg” _ _
:hu wcher,
of an lnstitule she __-enn._be ¢!¢»i\t'Iy__§;';_|';l°.‘dlh5s
fill s ~\'irenn` df' p9earvquita~oss1i»nt» to! wwbemetlhe mise
1-oundiuns. No-'seltlnspstllspdnmhsr
Hhbuld' wprk is-» vsomsi-obehlq school '°°mH_'_!:‘ have 'eeeiln-= .-s_ee- not live infsuch ro6m`é`f_lil"l1'er‘ov'u_- ome, sea ng-lxuld l- hee he¢§s_~‘ -hi. .neil »f=»_g_-_-»'-"1-=~. <-.P-»l»1f_~; e’=_==°¢»ir-=:’ l
thi-\»pf._i5'.¥ii&i> 'j;`il“fi\ltf;_‘¢)_f¢f“WHi1li>
for "peer, sweeping-eiid euetl_iig.'~ .sur other case of misplaced li-
'tvl The-teacherf, _--th _llgqliexgxew
li 0 _._ _ 9.9¢]
the boy in helgbired h`qlp._' It-.is__ her. duty to teach 'him how to swe_ep,;_ whsn"ai\il how to dust; and how tp use the dust-lpaniand wasi:e"ol8k6t in-_ disposfu_g~'¢`if floor-' sweepfngs and torn' paper. Shia should supervise his work. until he can do it properly, and then_'seo that, on every occasion, ii/is properly done. _
"Children are so careless” is often,
the excuse for the disordered state of the pupils' desks. Quite true. But is it not the duty of the teacher to train her pupils in habits of order. cleanliness and' tidiness? Well, then, she should neverallow her pupils to accl`lmulste_~ rubbish around them. She should teach them to keep their hooks so afrrnn cd that the can et
| __ E' . _ Y ll to one, when __ wanted, without bending
sidewaysjor tossing over the contehts of their 'desks to get at it.
On h\_w\_'r _the teacher should keep her
own desk, I will offer no opinion, ei- celit to sa that thel'e is no 'better
Wml Such Dwurammes _as are oilered|inde-x of ca tcncher’s ability as a at the regular; meet- 'housekeeper than the conditi%n of hen
deek;.'b.el_l-nm. fer the sake el ite ln- fiuehee 2-on thc- children it should al- wa_v'n~bc» lv model of cleanliness; and everything in and about it should be arranged in an orderly fashion.
Oi lute years it has become the al-
most universal custom to have the cleanillg nf our schools done by con- tract. ' Parents in many cases have ‘forbidden their children to do this work, so that the only alternative is itllehoy janitor, I sec no iust reason why the cleaning, swceping,and dust- ing of the country schools should not be done by thc boys and girls attend- lng‘ therrif If the boy removes bank- ing, ashes, and rubbish from around hifi father's house, why not from
Homemaking is still called 'a "new
profession" although long practised in a poor way, it is only now attain- ing its long deserved station. Many of its questions of interest are only beginning to be studied scientifically, As other professions and businesses find it necessary to keep up with the latest methods and discoveries; so should we be the more alert' be- cause ours is the most important oi all. Each conscientious woman will be ever ready--and an‘xi'oue- to" know better' how to live ' and‘serve those
uphold this noble movement of Wo men’s Institutes, which will help to make happy homemakcl's'~ fully equip- ped for all homes' problems and
i.he‘sprc:ld of i/he need of this'know- joys- ' ' '
ledge, 'und _what Home Eeonoqmics really stands for. It is not "working for s cooking school," that is only a
smell parcel the whole truth. Home
Idcorolnics stands for the selection, site, building and furnishing of ,a home; 'it 'étands for home'sanits.tioh alld sanitary' surroulldinlrs; it stands for the buying and cooking of good wholesome food, and well balanced meals served in an apetizing way; it stands for child study-the child's mental. moral and physical training, together #with fits clothing, pleasures and companions. It stands for house- hold _n_fmng'eme'llt--flow much .to spend, how to divide the income 'so that the most pleasure and profit shall conle from_the amount expend- ed. So-we must bear in mind the broad ineaniiig in our aims and as- pirations in carrying out our part in i»,ho_w_om¢,n’s Institute Movement.
Excellent. programmes are Planned
by each institute for the meétinZB (luring the year, It will d%D9I\fl 80m* what oil each member how much bon- enl she wjlll derive from these- Y°“f manifested interest, your willingness to discuss topics, and give y0ilr,0Wn cxperienccscoilnts for much. Asking questions suggested to y0\1` DY 3 PW* turer often bring out all intvfwtlhg point. These _ meetings serve als o
Horse (Medicines I
_ _
are our particular _strong point. We_ can help you greatlv if you have fi sick-or biemished nnima.l.' Remem- ber we _have $3500.09 W°f¥_h' °f hfrseifesh ou_r_seive_s _arid have the eXp_ef`iQince_ 101' tflehi We hnndlsevety cl' bib h rs: and cat-le mcd_iri_ne. _. _ _ -_ .Condition Powflcf 'PSN im- Sfock' Foods of all ,kll'lf|9 " Sheepbip-_2:'@-4 c a bottle
" ° ‘ `forpuffs,_ete, $2- B
- __ sfe'fi_;'f€f@ei“»‘.¢°lls\_Psy_'-‘ li. . _ _ *_isyin;-_eefelyleser-;fpff»iile Hut-" -' '. if fi' il- ‘-3 » -f ~ _
~". xi. -.‘.- \‘ xx 0- ~ _ ' The Rexall Stare
“___
' (By Jas. ll; uev_cres.ux, Inspector of
iiround the schoolhouse? If the girl lhelps her mother to clean, sweep and (lust hcr'n\\'n home, why not help to ‘keep clean hor school home? The ‘parent who forbids his child to as- sist tbe tenrller and other children in this ‘roi-k, is not only inculcating habits of scliisllness in his child but is' also depriving him of a valuable training in the co-operation of indi- -viduals for a common end.
about her. 'Let us therefore try to I I
\ NATURAL' 1NoUnA*l'1oN. `
" _ ('r. A. Benson ) '
HOUSEKEEPING The thoughts of those who ar .in-
terested in poultry w'ill__ to- wards the question' ol hatching out
sch0°;E_) ~ _ the chicks, which are to replenish the
flock .and ' provide' the“r9.11y°'.~i1r0ilex's,
45 5,t"i“E°.Gi1bicet for a man to rozisters, and th`é"pu1'l‘ets'“’fo£"’next
directed sro ladies, _The critical ph _tions of_.ln_y , rerne.rlali_`,¢ however, -_are
iii.-‘iih if the i¢“_¢h_¢_fs h¢_°fii_lr c_0-<>ner- `"‘°`_'Wi`U1'[m'= i_11_f“i-i`2i!f1‘v_i11s_ ali- ' !>'¥'=§i__ :lilggestions','a much needed improve- Hflenll Wi1i_bc_eilec.tied'in~_the sanitary conditions"surrouhding_ their pupils.
At tho outset-let _me sayth t znnny‘
schools ~iu'<rny=_~iiisps&itora‘te. l?i'obably f-he !!1€ll0l`i§y'are kept clean and tidy and reflect' credit-on the teachers in -charge; but '_too_»._rnany'are far from dds_ervi_ng this pl-ai_se;_ while n, few are a positive disglfgcs to those who'con- trol them; ar_\gl_,,wbat is truly remark- u'hle_ the percentage oi untidy house-
as anion1.£"ftlii's‘3Yh wteaciiers. In fact the distinction of having the worst kent room’ tif- 'thé' Central Inspector- ate belongs thf‘sf.iadfy".'
andfwhat,-are the 'short-cominzs of
tire rural teaehers._a_s ahousekeeper? They a :-~-' ~“ " " -c _ .l A-failure- to -keep her own desk in a nent_»and cleanly condition, its iuter'*i¢§is;o,fter{}_;\iu_1ijteq_ and strewn -nv_er wi lrbooks and papers, into its interior” are =_tossed ,-_~ -_promiscuously copy _bq9ks,.,p5ens_,,,srlyp_hs and note books-the whobfliviug' an impre- tion of extreme untidiness_ ‘
I_I. In not" _'requiring her pupils to
keen their des`k&"»iii"d7-r|'s!at and clean- ly condition. 1’-l1p!is.n.re" allowed to
niake their fdesksf-receptacles for frag- mehtslfdy-;1,,,,¢1_,§gi',jitbkggzslates. soi - ed ildtseclotlisf tornfll r, $12.; Bild ¢|,¢__-f_¢4_-,q,;,.|-_-_-,|_|,_-";’gg~;#g,__ ` _tiggft never dreams -that she is helping to train the b0JA_aud_ girls, of £0-day to be .alle ulltidy’ menf `nnd_won_ien 'of to- merrov- - _ III.” In tolerating poor ialiitor ser-
vice in her scbo%ls.p.I have-often gone into eeneels,-~`~ ecidllv during the forenoon session, and found the dust of i:he_m;evions everlii-i_g'l' BW_°°PiDS 'thick on desks, seats and_Willd0iW ledges; the corners of .the room -and
#ini space underneath- the desks and
mise-sie; tiiefiieer iwegpinse 'M- posited directly -in front of 'ther door
write- on; and' perchance a d'angelj<ius"i”°w'in;tel"s egg supp],y_,_,_Lndeed the one _inasmuch as; two-thirds of_the_l woiik of preparat` 9 5~%,_- _- ,batch- . persons ‘to whom these remarks `a§’e"`iii1'_g'- operations sh'_ _'._;._»,'.f’::~‘
~ ' I )
once. The Ap 'il all
listened birds wilh. -_ ='»'- mail-
-made \vith-- the bést'of intention, obs-#and we should ftsidsavor to have*
_gllgnlr hatching y§b§_i_pletR<i 11% tho of May. Ui coy,q§(to_p t\l thi; fliei results we mils? c tile-.,,-1'ight_ ki _ of eggs to stef Wm, and _those wli do not possess a ' _d'llo'¢lf" “of- hnjr§ hreli hires limi-Q-:_ iie(lE isrteli chi; and attentionfe ly 'b thc' au~
tu_" and' winterfq ' ”fensuze_;gp6<l str ng eggs tu' li ha cb out
yi long since_ _ _ __ ` meiits for the purcliasea ievY"s`ct o_f eggs from some reiiab`le source.
IQ is best to hatch as many chicks
keelJ_er_s,_is hs, ig among the female at jene time- s possible as. this elle
.~. “ii _
silres a nice' ock,‘ all equally ma lured birds which will he found e greiit advantage. - . _
prepared to carry out the hatching operations. Never set the hens in the hen house.. Seclusion is absolutely nece§sary to obtain the best results as is also absolute cleanliness. Red mites for instance' will sometimes drive a hen from the nest when only half through the 'period of incuba- tion, sometimes they will kill the hep,.and it .is on record- that on the eggs first pipping red mites have 'en- tered them, and attacked the parti- ally hatched chicks, _killing them. A very few body lice will- kill chicks and filth of any kind will seriously in- jure them and sap their vitality. There will nearly always be some secluded place pr shed on the farm which can be put into proper con- dition__ for the purposes of incuba- tion. ' i_'l‘he best way to prepare the nests is to place them in such a why that the hens can walk into them, and not 'jump down into them as many cggsgget broken by this latter me- thod; A cleat across the bottom of the dest el- bex will keen _the nestinx material in. A good Plan is *~° placeian upturned sod or some damp eirthion the bottom of thenest. whic ' should be roomy. This can be
"C°.?.¢t xt Sta_"r .‘ step;-and the school igrzigdfhutgljicg :`n)r_ "dn:i;h;dsei.i;|;: 3:05183; :£2 l - - r _ . _we----feef»=»--n=ff~»@~~ .. ....‘_..... .. . _ »_»»»--- 0- -- B and R=s1S¢¢f°‘i1°,'"m""- - . miller."-_e _ ._-..._ _ -xi? '°if_°.__e_&¥e¢i=11v.'*‘§“ §“_,’,",§,,,,,?§?‘
ubv Rex \lbi',K° 01- rv.-~1n"Th bmi; her -¢iir>l>1r°°f°- _ iii. Q-FP iff?" -J,-. ',,.,¢m}'-
ii? "f -M kb .» ` ' ' u b 'How often: xlkbiiw Khvtlii N1 1' 3°* L '
' r'm°M i ' °»"-' ' » '“"'l'°"'°"'t ' ""0 "'l'io' l is assed ifii e "heir #lie ie more 1i¥°I!» ~ ¢=r°.‘_1‘_!”"Y` _ .- _""'_"_-’°° °""° .° “~' r 1": 'issuers ff we
an 4*
lrrgigsl’ ` ‘iii-
'§}2_ ~ " _ l ._ Olgfu _fl _,,‘E_4t° “YI mann! MCG- » Bum, °_ 6* _ mu“_‘
fll"eirll>3r glass” "om ""*""T""""""" dm M Wm' """"’ “°°"' °“¥.‘I.‘v§ 1”... ’
_‘l. *_ __ _ _ __ _' --- ‘_ et. th,-'l\_ :-ll.,-,.1-__».~-:_-;’<_ _ -._ .- '~.-:_ '-'P---°¥,$§;§§-.‘-§g§;,_Q¥',,.§.';§('§§”, "° $"¢§§¢ .gms ei nie eggs will
_ -fr -_- _-‘-'-‘_’~_`; ` -‘-__ 5"./_ __ _ M _. -` r . _ -` " "t "bm gindgpffe 'alll bi- i,>elsiréioii_l3»_ Mv_§~_¥» __ ._ _-_ e_rierl|..g;ah_=,__e‘i£&§:;_e \;e:v_e::.£;_ __ _ _ §m hm “Md “Q _ o`a__ ' __ _______ __" -_.3/. _ i - __ _ __ 0 1 __ __ i;_:__,_ . _ \» A-,E "'~»’3‘..‘.¥§‘._.f_;;....lc....s._____._;_...__-_..!.e..2.<:i._=_.es1>_e____£!.“*.__."'@!°_.!1&Y9‘ “$2 ‘l" ‘é §m‘>” _ - of c
_ _ f
K9 .
A`special place should he cal-efull'y_
leaving _ at , _with the r00l\\' juenrepeei l the 'lien Afternoon, iu:§_ b`eloi'e‘“ds1f_“?¥%ft11ey`_should be I out__aud _ in 'front of the' --nellll 1' - ‘ ob] will 'go back _into tlielfreptl, pdrsuade the others,or .catch them as carefully as-you can, and shut them _in again. Place some _'-artificial tggs in the nests if ‘you -h`dve'any',' and repeat the same opera- _tion 'next~'afternoou.. All birds that' fvrfll Igofiiaek of thei'i“' o'\vfl"fres' will _this -time, you can -depend uponytbe fathers. -he.d'- better*-~ he-eases te -e _small coop and broken‘ of their hreyqeineee. '.Yo'u will de heteer with -IJ ess--number of hens_ in such) a -P151* as this, thus the_'g-renter hum- ber'in thehen house.""" " wliee that -the -setting; bens“hs.'vt whole grain,~ -grit, -charcoal; *il* Qi-een food. and dust bath, and'ali_ii»b'und- ance of pure drinking water. -‘ ‘ " ‘ » All the hens- should' becarsfillly dusted with'sulphur ' powder _before Being placed in the' nests," they should also be carefully dusted 'on the 10th day and l'gaili‘]iibt’ Before the chicks hatch; by this means -'you will have clean hens, olean~`n¥ht!§ and chickl .. , -.i;l».__' lu i .f The eggs under all helis"sh'oiild~'_ be tested on the eighth day, and L-- all infertile and dead - germs “renioved. This can best be done hy'ta‘ki‘hg‘them all in a lined basket (ahdufovlfring them) to a warm ‘dark room, Where they can he examined byiimeahiriof an egg tester. If the number of eggs is reduced they can he placed- under a less number of hens, and the remain- ing hens can be suppliedv/itll' further sets of eggs, thus saving much 'time and setting more early hires. 1 <-
When the chicks are hatching leave
the hens alone until you t'.hin\c"tihey are all hatched, then clean the brok- en shells out of the nests, and leave them again for nt least a day. --The ' quieter the chicks are kept the better, It is quite wonderful what sleepvvili do, in giving the chicks strength,eveh in a few hours, and they will require no food for two days as nature 'pro- vides them with all they ne_ed_ for that time, the yoke of_the egg being absorbed by the chicks just before ex. cluslon from the -shell. ' ' "
The first feed should be a, little
water with the chill oil, and some dna grit fo1lowed_in an hour's time -by stale bread crumbs or a little roll- ed oats, '1‘hey should then be fed Often in very smell quantities, say 5 times a day, the -old hep being fed whole corn for a time, so that the chicks can only getthe food intended for them. Stale _dry bred crumbs, stnle bread soaked in milk and squeescd :qu _dryvaw possible, rolled oats, u little cracked,,wheat, cracked corn can beifeG"u`ff:ei-“a day or two. They must also have-green food and ‘some animal food`." 'After the first few days fine grit and charcoal
‘__ should also be kept, before them.They
l will do best brdoded in A shaped coops with _rio bottoms or loose bot- ltonlsf §U"`~'!.h"kt they can be easily cl_eancd._ __ __'i‘-he hens should be con- ,dned for the flrpi;_fe_w_ weeks and the coops placed on 'short"'grsss, if pos- sible close to au- orchard or some sheflv.r_\\e-. 15-* i=
As"the chidkd grow, whole grain can
he substitutell for cracked excepting corn, and t_he.hen_s might. be lc_t out e`z\eii7‘!Ii0t‘iiing.:~nnd»="slint3 in ht uigbt.If you have your chicks all out at the s_alne,_time you can wean them all at thedilinitilbe, the feeding prob- in-__.ee_c ‘ ” i ‘
_ _ convene..
Bee that t e.chidrq_-‘have a constant
supply of water' to` 'drink and after *the first few weeks, give them both milk-a'nd'_.\vnter. \_ It will he safer to #give Hiéillfetho milk sour. 'as it is in- fjuriolis tovfeed the milk sweet one ~t.i'I?" alifi _Sour another, ”and the milk "qhujhiways be soured~,,- .
_. -._ ._. _
PRECAUTIONS AGAIQST DISEASE
Among the most frefluelit 'causes of
hi ful' -, l. -_ ._._. ._ _ c' ' U D v'gfH#JQr"""' Pr qltH'nmon§`po‘ultl*y'fs.ays a well
,,' sire-»f>reeder;~°“ll=<-f-eiifiiteflinsell, end
care' should be takeii‘”'t"o see that folllli are not given access to.~.any~
.t_héng,_.h`ut,_-.purs-slgiil. ‘-.‘Foul ground, be ides being an exciting, cause of ill- health. provides no animal or vege- table food, both of }vl1l_ch_a;g1_£§sen- tiki-`~ fnr~¢aii»~'i:l“sEs`ie_s~ oi~'_'pi:i'n'ft3:-'f'7_Dls-'- is ellen-~r,he~fee»il¢ ei' 'att -el exercise, for unless ~~the vfrgnn!‘ are kept.ir; good working ;order the oirds cannot remain healthy. Then, too, of course. unsuitable surroundings' _ fre- quently- cause ill-lrenlth,_'b\lt forfthis there is no remedy savejpariiielilhriy careful management-' and -the seiwtion of a breed that is hardy and possess- es a soufid,.vigorous constitution. Many of the _'_¢;Qi'11Dl_ain_t'gnfromfpwhich :owls sneer ere' infectious.. ep ypwes _the patient iaisolated' ifporl enilrst
signs of dise`_ds_e_the whol¥`gx`ég_1ay'- speedily hecdihe af'lect'ed: _ a__ is' often brought into -a>pl>ultry'~'shed with the introduction ef-freer steer birds, and it _should be a strict rule that whenever any new.hirdI;i 81'! pllrehased they should be kept quite apart- froth- ~tfi¢»`i»eihafndsr;of}:_t);g_goek~ for at least a .week or tall dayg, dur- lhg wnl§¥'~»r€_,\g',,tdey should superl- milesllyl ark ee* in -,unlerf es see when they are in perfect health.
I nm nqtxla. great believer in the
use _ _ mix rash for the reason
h - ` l - tl. ......._ :‘.;:5'*"ei°‘l."=i»... _.. .::.:::. grains drst, frequently leaving those
gwwu _ ere, lei; u_l_e‘ei~el;__4, -_Z
' 8 . 0
_ the !o'rai‘i;r, wmv tmirt~_rsfeiees~ seine-ulihemei in
persuading tllern to “sat odl;‘§2§qi1§_ dechtlese;-~..ivr\a§_ir_$_l1_-_ ____ txt -_ , 0 ._»-___ 1 _ ' l§r'l'i“i'€s§e' gi't°ee`li`b ere the falgégtilii ca 1994-! ve _e`<i_e"'“-I 'pm§i> eiiegrelhr
...,819
°’i;5\ r"-?°.'7'“Y@i;c tlie _above
_inlxf.ure, i ' wad desired to have tile;
T
h ,, _ E _ ‘
maredayl Dinan, and so 'bel thi! 181. and only this wa
“nu _ 0:; it fs another _ ' 1
_ D I -can-thebirds'
select one meal and reject saéthik, '2;`1e.?l_ "“““" ‘ii -*www wm-
._ _ _
-I ~~____ (selected) ‘ ' n e minds.of_t0g nigh _pgqpig
the thought of 'art is associated with Dhilifllil. sculpture, ucbttseeurs; l°m°"\|1\§ lOl'-Y. sublimely ideal. ‘But U-‘-_° Did P°°Pl° of other days who 8°" “H "Elf lellsilhse. had t__r1¢r§ luster ideas than we d`b"no'w,." -for
_ ,rl-.
that no msn ever-_ _becomes jifl-ue |§_;-.' tisan unless he h_s_s'__i_n hin'.__ for _guid-
_axiceund insliiration the spirit-_of iii
artist. This is essentially true'_`___i§' farming. ' 3 "_ ' ' _
“Show me the true far;'ria|;,_»nd,,I, will show you an.s.rtist,l"§ sa/yq in French writer. Tbaartist 'wilifsliuw in his plowing, harrowingxand tillage generally. It will show in the char,- acter and arrangement of his build- il\EB. 1n_ the form and finish of _ ,his animals, in the entire harmony and completenessof the farm. For- what is art, but the perfectness_of_)1uinan cilort? - __
Here is another _thoughtzz .Art is
born of and clings to human, effort
way. It shows only in the doingnoi u. thing. ' There is iust as great a field_ for its unfolding on a farm as there is in a studio, only we llave__ not thought or believed so. As farmers, we neerl to ses the art side of, farm- ing more than we _do. When we 'see that,we will lose sight of the. drud- gery view of, farming. Said an Eng- 1l¢l plownsnn when complimented on the pcrfuvtness of his plowing:-`-
“it's not so tiring sir, td plow
well, for your mind is interested."
We do not wonder that some men
get cverlastingly weary of their work, for they do it so poorly. Of course they cannot take any' interest in or receive any satisfaction _for such work, They go to their _bed as- hamed every night. That must be very exhausting. We need more ar- tisans.' filled with the artistic spirit_ for the pleasure and profitof farming' andthe development of the farmer
_to bo the man he should be. '
THE BES’[_'I`IME TD __
' __ _HATCH O_U’l‘ QHICKENS
The experience of many years in
hatching _._chickens. at different per- iods oi spring time, leads A. G. Lill- hert,_Pou1tr_y Manager at the Central Experimental Farm, to the conclu- sion thnt__chickens batched out d\lr- ing the 'first week in May make the
up to and`frequently_sul,-paségng the earlier-hatched birds. For _at rea- son, the first week, in May i.s"reconl- mended _ as the best period-'_for thc farmer to have his hen, or incubator- 'hatched chicks make their appearance _ It may be said that the Hrst week in May is too late to hatch'Brahlna, Cochin. or _Orpington chicks. But we do not rec(mimend'either of the first named breeds to farmers, ior_t_he rea~ son that they are too slow 'in mat- uring. If the Orpington chicks are well cared for and' fed from time of hatching as all chickens should be, the first week in May wiil_`not be found too 1at'e',‘ but c_hickb'fha`t<‘;`hr-d later than the middle of May, more particularlyf of the heavy jyarietics. are not to be recommend_ed_l_j If the conditions are favorable.__by_ all means have earlier birds. -In the-caso of the farmer, conditions in the shape of broodcr house, or other means ol
warm, independent of outsrde tem- perature, are not frequently found. Hence the recommendation to the farmers to have their chicks come vilf
that time the weather in usually
"\iarm_.qne\\sh to vel-mit-of .the young' "NNI _ DIBCBG Olltlldb Oli Chg |1-
' .. 1 7 5- _ _ _ denim te mere tt: lewis ree'el3s%‘"g£v Wins erm. with prow ¢!°~ “IM Drovorzlen _¢.s_aeh J' - i-ibut the chicks will be found to
with m grew with the gre". when
or fourteen weeks old, the pull
<1 should be removed from the ,ekksrsls and gently pushed. so as to have 'them layers in November. 'l‘he cocksiels should be disposed of as
THE ART 0F'_§"'ARM"IN(i; ll H fliflv well developed, unless
'-_ " ' ' _ _, for breeders.
POULTRY.
` (Selected _ )
rnlui,`.to find out how much prodt there _:vas in the poultry business, I deeid _ to keep a record of all re-
they_ comprehend the' sp'irit"'o'ffart'ii:' ceipti and expenditures. I had on .the word "artfssn"_ aswell-‘gg
net. But it reu'eih_e_`lur'gse" t.e_»ee._ dey evening, emi keep eeepunt elzhe
hand. 04 hens. We ship every Fri-
chec . -_ To lreeeipts for eggs......$254.97 _ Po ry’sold ............. .. .........l9.50 7 _Ru te raised (125 at soc _` eu ....._...........1s_oo ._ ,_ ._,.. ._ ._,.-_..___,,__. ._,,,_.~ _ _ 340.41 ‘____l'Qd for hails :.',.. ...... ,.1 ....I.88.50
\ ____-
“iint ._..___..__....S2so_97
e following is the method of
foe ing and caring for the poultry.
rning feed.-Cornmeal mixed wit buttermilk or sour milk, but I
ridge, with a. sprinking of prepared poultry food.
‘lfivening feed.-All the hard when they can eat before going to roots.
It cannot; he expresged in any _oq,e,:` " Oyster shell is kept always in the
llolxer, summer and winter; also fre supply of cold water every day ' Bfor green feed, I sow two or three rows of cabbage, and take them up in the fall by the roots and put them 'ifn _the root cellar, and give them one 'or two a day.
-_»
' '§"I`OP THE WASTE OF MONEY
One does not have to travel far to
find farm implements out in the fields where last used. Hay loaders stay - outfall winter, plows are rusting in the flirrows, hsrrows stand fn some fields where stock may injure their feet by running upon them, threshing machines often stand out in the ele- mbuts for months.
Take care of farm implements and
you- will have nothing to say about a fzirm implement - rust. The farm implement rust is costing the farmers ten fold more than the so- cnlled trust.
i
,__ __ ..._ _
'rwo morons IN `~ ‘ ' ' - DAIRY rilalvllno
(By W. J. Reid, B. S. A., Instructor
m°5*"5“t~l9!“¢t°1`Y _Ei"?W»th» ¢5'l-chmii' in Live Stock Husbandry.)
A very applicable definition of
Dniry Farming has been given in the following stai:elr.ent. .~
"That kind of management of cows and soil that shall promote the- greatest degree of efficiency in ei- ther."
Few men fully‘realize the signifi- cance of the foregoing definition ini arriving at theultimate outcome off their attempt to make the law of
com;-ensatioil apply to. their positionl -when-_tile _efficiency of either, soil _or| herd is at fault. The -man who _blames the climate or seasons for his small returns is the man who has never realized that his herd or crops would have been better had he attended to' his business in the breel ing nandl raising of his stock or in' the intelli- gent tilling uf the soil.
The trouble lics in the fact that
keeping the early-hatched chickens|the average farmer has not the right
idea of profitable efficiency before the reality of stern consequences forces nirn to it. The man who has develop- ed a herd of cows with outstanding
during the Srst -' week in May. Atlqualitics' of production has a different
idea of what production in a herd im-
, Uul‘thel:'"al\naiy's'fs, com'-J'
On January l, 1912, says s, poultry-,
ttrougli
ins crops
with his herd sressive f er
you l_0l» I- DW
°¢-
pfarison, reveal such s marked ilk? ference the*rsll>0'|is|vs‘3- “ eisney ui well-cared-for heals .and-_ sails. and those of sn low stanillrdig that as a guard against discourage-~ ment and a guarantee of success# tim” two main points must be-kept in mind-efficient eows and efficient soil.=_>'y 'i'o have different cows is to have*
individuals possessed of produstiveyp diiry blood, that is, possossedofithe '»- qnality of drawing as high p-m_¢rgin,,._ of profit as possible over and' lbo_ye_;, the 'feed consumed. To attain .this rs- quisite the breeder must keep inf.- mind that nothing but the best is permissible in his hard. He must sei--F: eat the best, by way of milk. records--V and pedigree of production. He must_.~ breed from the beet and alter setting? at economical' ilfdndard " 'discard all
those falling _ low it __ -_ '1’l'1s`many txher phases of the subi”"f"
ject must needs be merely mentioned all a detailed discussion would not be permissible here. The most moll- orn way of maintaining a. dairy herd will demand the modern stable, the patent stable fixtures, a modern
pr' r buttermilk mixed in a still p0l‘- system of ventilation, the silos, the
machinery and -necessary conveniences iuntil the breeder looks askance and complains of expense. i True enough but the expense is for pérmnnent improvements and the _'earnings of a modern herd is much greater than in-the past. Then the law of compensation is at work and must be considered hare. The famler isis different force now than former- ly. lie hee more in-me end pleasure in
mit market for his produce than be- fore. Th'e value of everyanimal li
has is much greater and any he may sell will "bring s better price under
ualit which brings more,proiit and'
much greater.
must know its adaptability to pro- ’ iluce crops suitable for s. dairy herd.
of these crops on the soil, also know
.continuous high average yield may
The problem of adopting a suitable
be one that isndnlitable to his con--.
U . __'|‘j{E_ DAIRY rallies: by vii-rue of its special ad; ,__
.." ' vantages, Oor instance, the four
year rotation of grain; hay,'hay or pasture and hoed crop has the com- mendable feature of havin! the two years in which clover may be ,grown as a nitrogen-gatberer. This :supplies one of the most valuable soil constituents needed for plant- growth, at a low cost. Also,_ the root crop acts as a soil cleaner by 'way of having special cultivation, When the grain crow following re- 'reives the benefit of the cleaning and special cultivation of the previous year. The response to _the fair treat- ment is shown by heavier yields -oi grain and hay, provided- that man- ure is added to the soil, preferably with the root crop, for here ‘the bolt " opportunity is given for incorpora- ting i't*with the soil, However,~many -- and varied are the-systems ei wt"-
ing crops' adopted by Cereal oxperts~-» and each s'yster.1 has its ei>€CiB1 “df “
vantage for 5 given soil or set of'_
conditions. The farmer must become-_‘xl
aeqllahlted with these by inquiring:
or by' observation, that he may l1e~;_-_-_-"- able to adopt the best. -; The mulority of scientists contelld_§;‘
that the farmer must not rest even./‘ after adopting the best rotation ofl-_ik crops. If all the crops grown an theflw farms are fed to live stock and the ~__,_= manure carefully conservcdit will be* ‘
found to maintain the farm in a high
Continued on page '4 ' "
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‘ illness ei5se:',*‘z2ee 1-4_...;.__._ ________ __ sire ef er. lhel'eu'ing sep
Sire of 11 in 2:10, inc Uhlan 2061-4 - ‘ ~
_MAY KING 10272 2-20
tgps aa?2,_§=l_4 e.;.i__...__.......B.__.__._. _ ge .gmiml new-ey`e=o4s4 , .».~ use Miss - ”
. re o n :,lnc. l2:05l-4;JhnWrd' - _ ‘ gg _ neeglee 2194 1-4;, nenhefh 2.o'§ge4, sie ° ° ,,,‘{|’¢,}|"I‘,§I,',,'§,_',',f‘,‘,,"’§fl' - - , _- F “Q” -"W ‘°”- °F""‘°“_"r""“‘ rAnu.l..\ e.ia..._..._...___ .............. ._ ‘»i"° °f v in 2=1¢*- d°'°!`,°‘_‘~I,’."il'*L\ " *ai » 2.07 1-4 IOWQ 21" L2, D8- rf ".10 ew ._*" - i ~ _-_ Gee. _'rode mm a»4 _'rose me 2'_‘2,_-,",_'2' ",12l“df,2§,,?§‘"§.,,§"§f§ nlrixran `e=m. / __ 3_4-_ A1 §¢_3u}¢’__ _gms 1 4_ 8_8 . 080 - L HB9. dk. __ _ _ -_§.,_.
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sim e 'W
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_ _ ,_ _sléctavous ie2os__e.2o 1 4.,____ .... ._ S'§’u__,§ "__ gn-sein 209 _ _ ._ _ ._ _
_lrs of lil including _Lousie(i. 8_4 “_ `
-4 5 lwlulsrn ______________
' 'Dill of llcluyettl 2: 261-4.
good gniied
_ _ ' (4) we i 2,- Lena \\ uhee 2: 14 __ g __ _ _ a__l.c|.il__vr._r.;;r___i._.;_...._~_._ ,_,,_ W,,,,,,.,, ,L 2,15 14 _-F'3‘y!'§_,;‘§¢l_hy 4s alan, ,mm
f lameere 102.
' ' 1.9 hands, weighs over 1100 lbs and up len hell in l.oe. _
KELLY
Box ‘$35, Charlottetown _ '_ ° 2
‘-l
4 -3
his work and is workiiik 10? G dm°"' 5
e .
the new and- better conditions than 4 ' "eller the old and cheaper system- if By breeding a different class of cat- 5,, tle llo meets u demand aior better
y _
_ith all, the value of his property ii ~,,
To have efficient soil the farmer ‘
|Hc should know the various demands “ to mintein the fertility so thee e ,S
he obtained each year. ’ rl
!
rotation of crops is of vital concern. i To he of the highest value it should 5
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