rnfiifiiik l. , THE GUARDIAN

(Founded In "I'll C

‘sami mu u , Ian Mall, Post Olfleo

Authorised ne Second , _ Department, Ottawa. The Island Gunrdlnn Publlahlal Co. _ Idllor and surreal-rs Dir-em. -I- B. "Ilfll"!

Asaoelale Editor, Irnnk Walker

' fThe Strongest Memory is Weaker Than ‘ the Weakest Ink." '

DHARLOTTETOWN, THURSDAY. JUNE 8. 190B

Maritimes Anil Ilatlonat Economy

Speaking in the budget debate in the House of Commons the other day, Mr. Clarence Gillis, C. C. F. member for Cape Breton South, read an illuminating passage on Maritime disabilities from a Government publication released g few weeksvago. Issued by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics, it is entitled "The Maritime Provinces in their Relation to the National Economy of Canada," and it contains the following state- ment: ; _ ' "The proportion of persons in the younger and older age groups in the Maritimes is above the national average, while for the in-between ages the proportion in the Maritimes is consider- ably below the all-Canada figure. The latter re- flects the exodus from the Maritimes of work- ers in the prime of life. They leave after having been educated at the expense of the provinces and when young, vigorous, ambitious, and enter- prising. By their departure the Maritimes lose

also the enterprising ability important to further development. Their loss reduces, too, the tax- cble capacity of the region, a fact which is all the more serious in view of the large proportion which the dependent groups-the clfildren and the aged-constitute of the total piaulation of the region. Persons below the age of 15 com- prise 30.2 per cent of the total population in Prince Edward Island, 29.2 per cent in Nova Scotia, and 31.9 per cent in New Brunswick." The latter figurq compare with 5.2 per cent in Saskatchewan and Alberta. The facts stated above are not new, but it is well that they should be emphasized in Parliament as they are one of the unhappy consequences of Confederation.

ltova South's llykelands

Nova Scotia's dykelands which are to be re- claimed with Federal assistance were at one time worth from $150 to $200 on acre. That was when the market for hay was consistently good. Had the farmers changed over to production of livestock or coarse grain when the hay market de- clined, the situation today might have been dif- ferent. But they did not, and this circumstance inevitably led to the lack of money to do neces- sary maintenance work.

There was also thrlabor problem. Skilled dykemen have been disappearing for the past twenty-five or thirty years, until today there re- mains scarcely a handful of men who know how to build or to repair a dyke. Nor have there been the means for discovering a machine technique ‘for dyke-building.

What followed is thus described in an art- lcle in the Halifax Chronicle:

inevitably, the relentless pressure of the sea, the wear of weather, took their toll. Aboiteaux weakened, the water forced its way through. In some places, the dykes gave completely, and the green marshlands were surrounded to the sea. In others, the seepage has been enough only to let in enough silt to spoil the quality of crop, to clog drainage ditchesybut these lands have been economically lost as' thoroughly as if the red waters of Fundy had surged in and covered them completely. And still more of the lands stand under an almost momentary threat of inunda- tion. Of course, as these conditions came to prevail and to worsen, the situation soon got be- yond handling by the resources of the dyke-own- ers. The cost to them was prohibitive.

In I942, representations were made to the Dominion Government that assistance in ne- esta-blishing the dykelands should be granted In the same way that Western farms were being aided under the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Act. The Dominion Government was not at that time prepared to embark on such a plan, but it did pass an annual grant of $50,000 to be used for emergency repairs, the full cost of such repairs to be borne equally by the Dominion, the prov- ince-and, the landowners. '

This arrangement proved far from satis-

factory. The vote was usually passed too late

in the year to carry out operations in a satis- factory manner, the amount was inadequate, and the proportion of cost to the dyke owners was too great for the necessarily meagre results.

In consequence of this, fuller and more com- prehensive representations were mode to the Dominion Government this year, with the result that b long-term policy o_f rehabilitation of the dykelands which will bring back into production many thousands of acres of fertile land has been announced.

- As to the future of the dykelonds after the rehabilitation is completed, Department of Agri- culturoofficials are very definite. A new agricul- ture will have to develop on them if they are to play their full part In N. S. economy, and attain the productivsnsss of which they are capable. That, however, is a new program which the De- partment and the farmers concerned expect fully to work out before the rriorshlands are back in fullproductlon again.

ldsoblss ‘l's llark Papers

’ Alberta's school teachers have been spared a large‘ part the pnnudl chore of marking ax- ] papfsrsbyhss ‘a machine that auto- iigr csllymia ‘of a certain type.

. ‘fir; {maximum potential scor- ~ tibhfahhourpar LM e

hit of all final examination‘ ' okhllsrtrfs education FY“?

not only the most efficient type of workers, but‘

summer, six school examinatibiis, four in Grade 9 and two in Grade I2, will be partially or wholly by machine-scoring.

Since the machine came into use In Edmon- ton it has been used to score many term papers as well as 100,000 special examinations for Brit- ish Columbia's education department.

The machine scores types of examinations known as "multiple choice" and "true and false." Answers are recorded by heavy_ pencil marks on a special sheet or card. The sheet is fed into the machine and when the pencil marks are in the right place they complete electrical circuits thus operating the scoring system.

Sheets with up to 300 questions can be pro- cessed by the machine.

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- EDITORIAL NOTES -

_ The Kinsmen’s Carnival is off to a good start. ,

I I i I i

A. Y. P. Drama Festival St. Peter's

CathedraLHall tonight.

GI

The peace optimists seem to feel as sure about their predictions today as_ the pessimists did a year ago. .

"Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm" in Heartz Memorial Hall this evening under the expert direction of Mrs. Ruby Houle, C.D.A.

i

I I

w e w

Prime Minister King has never been fond of Commonwealth conferences but it seems that he recognizes that today's problems can hardly be solved without one. i t

I I

Though this happens to be the latest plant- ing season for 40 years, there is no" reason to fear there will be any shortage or late crops. A warm, dry summer may produce marvellous

results.

I I I I

lt is sincerely to be hoped that the effort of Premier Jones to secure an additional boat for the Borden-Tormentine service will be success- ful. lt is almost incredible that a bottleneck at our outward and inward main port should be allowedto continue any longer. I 1r I I George V, King of Great Britain and the Commonwealth, born this 'date 1865. Father‘ of the present sovereign, he d-id much to cement the loyal relations between the Crown and peo- ple which proved a tremendous asset during Great War l. I I With Mr. Ilsley's proposed retirement as Minister of Justice one more obstacle in the way of Mr. St. Laurent's succession to Liberal leader- ship is removed. Mr. llsley had strong claims to the honour but having been the war-time tax gatherer probably lessened his chances. I I I I

I I

Today Newfoundland goes to the polls to de- termine the political future of the Old Colony. Canadians have been standing by resolutely re- training from offering advice, but nevertheless with the greatest intezest; and friendly concern.

The Dominion hospital grants to the prov- inces are not unconditional gifts. One condi- tion is that the Province at least match the Dominion dollar for dollar for construction costs, and in any case the Dominion contribution is not to exceed one-third of the total cast per bed in

any project. ‘I

Twenty-five business representatives of Universities. and Colleges from oll over Canada met in London, Ont., the other day to consider the rising cost of living. All the delegates em- phasized the importance of r. " residences, dormitories, and eating places, as necessary for rounding out college life. By the way, what has become of the Provincial Government's scheme to provide a College residence for Prince of Wales College?

I n .

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’ Farmers run serious risks in stabling bulls. Honorius Lafrance, farmer, St. Basile le Grand. succeeded in an appeal to the extent of obtain- ing a reduction from $4,200 to'S3,620 of a Superior Court condemnation to compensate Richard Paulhus, farm hand, for iniuries he suf- fered when attacked by appellant's bull. Paul- hus went into the stable to feed the bull, when the brute turned on him and, according to the evidence, the young man would have been gored had not the farmer's dog seized the angry ani- mal by the nose, thus enabling Paulhus to es-

cape from the barn. I

This “prediction Is not so good for farmers as one would like. Agricultural Minister Gar-' diner replying to Mr. John Charlton, P.C._Grant, said that the British had agreed at one time to a fixed price on bacon for the next two years, but now they said more hogs are coming to market than are needed to fill the British contract. The surplus could be sold at a profit in the United States. But if this was done the grain market to the U. S. would have to be opened and then, because of the prevailing high prices for grain across the border, the Canadian profit on- hogs would disappear. . l

It is interesting to learn that Canada has a prosperous export horsemsat market, which alas, is threatened by our prosperous, export bacon market. Mr. Joseph tlarrls (PC-Toronto- Danforth) warned in the Commons that the day will come when Canada will loss this horse-meat market in Europe. Mr. Harris said Holland, Iel- glum and Denmark, the countries which buy horse meat, are disgruntled with Canada for tek- .ing over the bacon market In the llaitedlfingdom. As a result, the day will come, ks sehl. whorl-the

ted States for horse-meat supplies. "Q (hi!!! while the Ilouss considered o bill, In": ipororlii Canadian Cs-opsretlvs lroesssersfllmlled, = i

Western European countries will turn toths lini- _

A railroad tn the United Slates has promised "Jerk-free" trains. That wtll call for s. careful exam- tnslton of all passengers. -K1n|e-

ton Whlg-Standgrd.

Those folks looking forward to the next war are some of the buz- aards expecting to feather bomb- proof nests. — Brendon Sun.

The Income tax man found all our churches well financed. Every man seems lo have made liberal contributions to churches. -Bren- don sun.

hays who gel. ‘ ‘ smoking be- hind the garage generally come tn for a‘ spanking, and doubtless feel abused at. such punishment. It it's any consolation to them, they're lucky not to have lived fifty years ago. In 1898 a certain Judge Schstz, of Mount Vernon. N. ‘L, fined a boy $2 for smoking and stated: “The next. boy who ts brought be- fore me for smoking, I will give ten days. This bed habit, which means death eventually. must be broken up." — This Week.

____i_

Seldom has an Ambassador of a. foreign nation been so well equip- ped to dent with the most. tarpon.- ant, specific business at. hand as ts Sir Oliver Franks . . . These are not easy times In which S11‘ Oliver will represent his country tn Wash- ington. He Ls In a position to be of great. service to us as werl as to Great. Britain. We look forward to knowing htm better, and to a better understanding of the many problems on which he can, from time to time, throw light. and glve the benefit of hts counsel. - New York Times.

There Is a subtle power 1n the lilac to recall the days of youth ta recapture past years when ltfe seemed fresh as the flowers them- selves, To the sentimentalist, n is the catalyst at romance. For the more practical It still has lire abil- tty lo revive nostalgic memories f seasons that have gone, to reathe the brief ltfe of recollec- tton tnto incidents that belong to the past. And to the poetic, who wonder “through what. wild cen- turles roves back the rose", the tllnc carries its own message of far-distant. times and places of leg- end. of the Persia of another clay, and the gay tmaginings of a stor- led Vienna that knew its brooms

‘ and fragrance 1n a world that. is

now forgotten. - Victoria Times.

Al: the University of British Col- umbia. where he was accepting an honorary degree, the Governor General said: "New theories are not like motor cars; they will not. necessarily function satisfactorily Just because they are new oft the assembly line . . . Your training should fit. you to study and analyze both old theories and new ones." Thissort of emphasis is very wel- come. In these days too meny people forget that universities have anything to do with ideas. They think of these bodies as assembly lines. not. for ideas at all, but for standardized products known as B.A.‘s. and MD.'e.. and B.Sc’s.: nice smooth, streamlined articles from which all inconvenient. angles, all dangerous arid explosive pra- perttes, have been removed. -'1‘a- ronto Saturday Nlght.

For 135 years the Maldive ls- lends, coconut. kingdom tn he Southern Indian Ocean. hgve been British. They want to stay that. way. So at Male. capltal of the palm-fringed coral atolls that. make up the Maldives, Amtr Abdul MI-Jld Didi. Sultan of a Thousand Islands. has s/lgned a new pact of frlendshtp with Britain. Ae refresh- ing as the cool wtnds that blow around the technicolor Maldives 1s the Sultan's reaction to, Ceylons newly won independence. “Me and my people (there are roughly 80.000 o! them) wont. to get. closer to Britain, not further sway." Sultan Didl sent. word to su- l-Ienry Moore, Governor General of Ceylon. to come and drink some turtle soup with htm, which ls Maddlvtan for a friendly getbogether. Turtle soup ts the national dish. 81f Henry made the 400-mt1e trtp from Gol- ombo In H. M, B. Norfolk 5nd the thing was done. -- [pi-raga Qally Mull. - '

A stout-hearted lady from u‘. land nu hsd the courage to sug- Btli In public that. housework should be regarded as a profession. Presumably the Idea behind all this Is t6 help dignity, In some dreary way. the housewife tradi- tionally‘ "close sssoctstto with dtrhee. Qlapers and garbage. There was, a time _ when professionals W"! I11 men. and college grad- uates at that. with their netlvmaa largely limited to the law. the ministry and medlctne. For no particular reason at all. profession- al people came to be regarded as more respectable than non-profes- sionals who worked just. u hug, Rsroocteblllty 1m Iona been more cherished than either legalfty, a quiet soul, or healthy body, which may explain why profesalonpl stat.- us has spread far and wide to such diverse oslltnas as basing and Ilfllkletlot work. There are even Professional oar thieves. It book theworld- of-sparrto mm w m. MM “separating complication to all this lrr throwing In an amateur a-s the only alternative to a profes- sional. Oslllna rperson an amateur ls downright. insulting m pny n". moraine field. And seen sportsmen seem quite unable to‘ agree whlcnla which. noiisewives may look uposs-tlieruealves gap‘ ungui-

"" kWh-r mi rare cranky which; trosa Hill

1R0-

and arena»...

n-I ‘m

ls. moi-operative operates Jiorie meet "pecking;

"Deserted. Andi ' _Fl'IeI1tI$ So Nigh"

' (The Gsaette) ‘ -

The articles whlab Hon. O. G. Power writes from time to time have a._recurrlng theme-a mourn- tng for the old-fashloned Liberal- ism that has come to suffer so much of change and decay. In his article tn Maoieufs Magaalne last year be called upon. ble party to take up Its principles once more and to stop "travelling 1a the dtt- ches of expediency. first Right. then left." '

A few days sgo another Mtlcle by Mr. Power was published In the Winnipeg llree Press. Again Mr. Power mourns for the Liberalism that has died. He asks: -Where now ts the party that once stodd for freedom of trade? And with s. rather wistful reproachfulness recalls rcertaln plank which‘ hls party Incorporated In its election platform tn 1985mm which it had extracted from a speech delivered tn the House of Commons by Mr. King some two years before. “It- (the Liberal Party)" m. King had sold, "will end themoktng aha alter-trig of tarttfs by executive ac- Lion.”

Yet only last ‘year Mr. Abbott. by executive action (and even us- ing powers he had not known that he possessed) made and uttered the whole tariff structure of the country Wl_l.ll a drastic suddenness never known before. There 1s an old-Spanish legend about a king who haunted the abbott. And Mr. Power seems to evoke the ghost. of the King of 1965 to haunt the Iibbott of 1948.

But. Mr. Power ls also peering hard into the face of modern Lib- crallsm to recognize the features of the party that once stood ftrin- ly for the rights of the provinces. He does not believe that the mod- ern Liberalism, by switching to centralization. has made s. very haPPY declslpn. 1t has felled to make an agreement with "the two most important‘ provinces." while "some of the other provinces have accepted them reluctantly."

Where now, Mr. Power wonders are the great Liberals of the past, m“ Mmvfllls and the Blokes and the Laurlrrs, who “were dlsttng. urshed provincial rlghters, and euc- "5511111? resisted the encroachment 0f Federal power upon the auton- omy of the provinces"? Where, Indeed? Like Shakespeare's Dun. "m- they ere 1n their graves and nothing can much them further.

What concerns Mr. Power most basically, however (and which should certainly concern all Liber- als) ts the way the party is drift. trig away from individualism into huresucruy. The old-fashioned 11h- eralism found its classic presen. tatlon tn the words of one of the Ereatest liberals of the 19th cen- illry. Thomas Babtngton Macaulay. "A government," said Macaulay, "cannot be wrong in punishing fraud or force. but. It ts almost certain to be wrong, 1f, abandon. tag its legitimate functions. it. tells private individuals that It knows their business better than they know ll; themselves and ls resolved to‘ serve them ln their awn inter- es .'

Brut. this is obviously not the present policy of the Liberal Party In Oaneda. OK this Mr. Power 15 very much aware. since he feels that his party cannot. give up its beaureeucratlc oditrols. he seeks for some formula that wtll harm-

.ontze benureeucriscy and Liberat-

tsm. though ltberuttsm and the Dianne-d life are not. fer from be- fag contradictions.

Mr. Power believes that he may have found just the forpiule that ts needed. Liberalism can be com. btried with beeureeucrncy. provided only that Parliament: gives the henurenucracy powers for only lim- tted periods. for specific purposes and with full responsibility to a minister of the Crown. The stn- cero wtstfulnesa of this formula redeems scmewhat. from tts simple TIll-Illl-Y- For ll; ts obvious that. the beeurenucrs-cy will be none the less massive. tf renewed yearly. Its intricacies tn the wrest fields It controls would be none the less baffling to Parliament In the crush and rush d Its business. And when the cabinet. ts linked with the beauresucracy, the members. of the party, under the party's guidance and discipline, wold have little choice but to glve the yearly ap- provnl.

The irreconcilable ls not so eas- tly mconctled. Mr. Power himself does not seem altogether sure of .h1s proposal, stnce he put 1t a1- ways as s. somewhat plaintive question; "Is tt. not possible?" "He seems also to recognize that his party ts lnfltabiy drifting rapidly away. on the sesa of intervention. Its salts billowing with winds from the loft.

Despite his somewhat embarras- strig bursts Into print. Mr. Power sttll has his welt-valued uses as e party organiser. lull as fsr as party principles are concerned, he Is a castaway. And his lot. and condition are rnuohi like that. ot the castaway which Wttltsm Cow- per described tn the lath century tn his poem of that. name: ,

He shouted: nor his friends had r fslPd

To oheck the vessel's course, But so the furious blast prevetvd,

That. pttttess parlotod. -‘

The! left lhelraulesst. mate be-

hind, AM scudded stllllisfors the VIM.

Nor. crust "as 1t scan" , oautdhe ~ ‘their haste hlasself condemn.

ospss shims stole

lshortly after than dsv r q‘

Awpre that flight. tn such a see, _ [lions c ldrsseue them: Yet btttsr as it stilt tools Deserted. and his friends so nlsti. i . .

‘ Q go n‘ II no: 131i: Iwl ' oonl “remitting shadow! rest on Pllln