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CHARLOTTETOWN, P. BE. ISLAND, TUESDAY, OCT

OBER 25, 1892.

ee =

VOL. 80..-NO. 3117

Calendar for October, 1892,

MOON’S CHANGES, Full Moon, 6th day

ae «+++. 148 morn Last Quarter, 12th day... : New Moon, 20th da : eS 2 O i First Quarter, 28th ay..... es 5 2 after Perigree, 7th day............_. lh. sora se oe Eel Cee setae Day i of Day of Week. | seh. Water. Month, Morn. | After. h. m, : 1 | Saturday 6 1 ‘ ‘39 2 Sunday 717 7 56 3 Monday 8 25 8 54 4 Tuesday 9. 22 9 43 5 W ednesday 10 4 10 24 6 Thursday 1l 43 ll 0 7 Friday 11 17 11.45 8 Saturday IL 53 = 9 Sunday 0 10 0 31 10 Monday 0 52 114 ll Tuesday 1 40 26 12 Wednesday 2 36 3.9 13 Thursday 3 47 4 25 14 Friday 511 5 57 15 Saturday 6 33 7 8 16 Sunday 7 35 8 2 17 Monday 8 24_ 8 46 18 Tuesday 9 5 9 24 19 Wednesday 9 40 9 56 20 | Thursday 10 12 | 10 29 21 Friday 10 44 10 59 22 Saturday 11 17 11 35 23 Sunday ll 51 Reis. 24 Monday. 0 8 0 26 25 Tuesday 0 45 1 5 26 Wednesday 1 25 1 46 27 Thursday 27 2 32 28 Friday 2.57 3 28 29 Saturday 49 4 41 30 Sunday 5 14 5 51 31 Monday { 6 38 715

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OUR NORTHWEST LETTER

INCIDENTS OF THE LATE REBELLION—BATTLE GROUNDS— RIEL AN INSPIRED LEADER WITH THE HALFBREEDS—SCENE OF, HIS EXECU- TION —HIS GRAVE —RESULTS OF THE OUT- BREAK —A PROSPEROUS PEOPLE.

(Special correspondence of The Examiner.)

Passine daily through the country which, to some extent at least, had been the theatre of the late war of the rebellion, it is not wonderful that its different phases and personalties should be so frequently discussed as we met with anybody who had done service in it in any capacity whatever. We were not in Saskatchewan Territory at al‘, and therefore failed to examine for ourselves the batue fields of Duck. Like, Fish Creck, or B:touche; but as the whcle valley of the river of that name was more or leas the scene of’ uprisings'the ground we trod abeut Edmonton, and indeed the greater. portion of Alberta, might well be comprehended in the locus of the war. Fort Pitt on the very borders of the Ed- monton district was abandoned early to the rebels; and all about St. Albert hostile half- breeds and Indians were on the war path. Every Eaglish-speaking settler south of the latter place left his holding at the first exchange of shots and went down to Cal- gary for protection. Much of the aban-

;doned property was lost or damaged, some

of it the government has since compensated for ata price away beyond the value. As everybody knows, the insurgents in this Northwest uprising were all halfbreeds and Indians under Louis Riel: He had been the leader in the Red River Rebellion which General Wolsely, then a Colonel and Commander of Canadian Volunteers, now a member of the English House of Lords and Commander of the Forces in Ireland, undertook to suppress; but which in reality died out before the troops reached Fort Garry. Expelled from parliament where he sat for Saskatchewan, and banish- ed the country, Riel spent the years between 1870 and 1885 in the Western United. States.. In the early days of the latter year, disregarding the terms of his banishment, he returned to the Sas-

hailed with jvy by his compatriots. A

some, courtly and eloquent, whatever may be the diversity of opinion among those who knew him in his prairie home and those who watched his career in the Commons at Ottawa, all are ready to admit that he was at least'a man of wonderful personal ad- dress and magnetism. It is little to be

a nod. Where he led they could but fol-

therefore such an ascendancy was a constant

his own purposes in an apparent effurt for

undertakings was

by concerted action with the people of the Saskatchewan district, he could be depend-

mity. \ other, however, he, at all times, turned his attention to that which led to his own docr.

body can examine intuv his checkered

career without coming to the conclusion

that the deficiency was very considerable

indeed. He was the instrument, however,

by which the government's policy towards the Indians and half-breeds was so per- fected as to have now become (all possibility

of official villainy removed), the admira- tion of two continents. His was not the first example in history whereby much good was derived from action cast in a narrow and selfish mould. Nor was he the first who fighting for reforms in the name

of Liberty tyrannized over his followers as few despots attempted to do, and not only raised himself up as a dictator in those

matters which pertain to civic administra- tion, but assuming the divine gift of prophecy and constituting himself a spiritual head also, he dominated body and soul alike.

Even before and directly upon his re- turn in 1885, he began making demands upon the government for damages to person and Joss of property in being expatriated.

In cold figures he asked for 30,090 dollars, upon receipt of which he would leave the country for good; or failing to secure the amount of his demands he promised to raise again the standard of revolt on the lonely Saskatchewan within forty days from the date of his last writing. To his friends he declared that he was negotiating measures for their relief, and asking for this sum of money to discharge his obligaticns to them, At Ottawa he was considered perfectly harmless. No attention was therefore paid to his demands or the representations of those who could see the great misfortune about to be inflicted upon the nascent country and were anxious to avert it by one of two expedients. They simply solicited a competent force to take Riel prisoner at once; or, failing that, ad- vised the payment of the monéy he asked on his quitting the territories forever and repairing again to the States. The figures they admitted were high, but less might buy him off; and, at any rate, it would be only a drep in the bucket of what anuther rebellion would cost. As to the principle involved, governments had been known to work on much shakier ones with the com- mendation of the nations they represented. A thicd petition went forward from the military —a petition for reinforcements to d-fend the forts, if nothing else could be done. Alljalixe, then, missionaries, mili- tary, traders and white settlers, recognizing the gravity of the situation, endeavored tv impress their views upon the administra-

But then it had long been remarked that | others. he was deficient in mental balance, and nvo- |flag of truce and saved them at the last

tor. They were only locked upon as un- duly excited, cowardly and faint-hearted. Even up to the first engagement did Ottawa refuse to entertain a serious thought of the possibility of anything growing out of Riel’s return and the threats he was making. The Premier, the late Sir John A. Macdonald, importuned about what was to be done in the event of an attack by the Indians, who were early in the field, could not refrain from perpetrating a joke. A telegraph station was maintained at Battle River before the C. & E. Railway opened up anew route north. The operator here, like everybody else scenting blood in the air, wa@Anxious to leave his post early and gosouth. He had telegraphed his super- iors at Ottawa without satisfaction. At last, in his desperation, when the war whoop of the red man already rang in his ears, he rushed to headquarters and ad- dressed the Premier thus: ‘Indians on warpath, marching on station. What shall we do?” No answer was returned to the excited official. He repeated the message time and again, as the danger increased apace, and listened with all his faculties strained for a reply. At length his instru- ment broke the solemn silence with its in- structions from the Premier himself. Every letter was important. He wrote with trembling fingers : ‘‘Shave your head. John A. Macdonald.” The captain of police at Prince Albert about this time made an urgent demand for reinforcements of 100 more men for his outpost. He had sometime previously been disturbd in his mind, Thinking him mentally deranged again, the authorities in the Interior De- partment commanded his superior officer at Regina to look well after him lest he d» himself or his men bodily harm. All this shows how little the real state of the coun- try was appreciated.

Soon, however, the fatalities of the Duck Lake engagement, brought about by the im- prudence of a few Prince Albert volunteers who underestimated, like everybody else,

the strength and determination of the half-

breeds, brought the Government to a sense

of the impending danger and threw the

whole Dominion into a fever of excitement.

The war was opened. The insurgents had

drawn ‘first blood and with it were fired

with a martial ardor and a determination to

supremacy in the north. They were not step they had taken. But. they had cross- ed the Rubicon and burnt their ships. There was nothing to do but fight, and fight they did manfully. Asin the days of the French Commune, the women had imbibed the spirit of war more deeply than the men. They

work,and deemed its happy privilegeto bury

low; what he asked they could not refuse. |those most dear to them provided they Riel was never a patriot, howeyer, and|had died with their face to the foe.

They performed other duties also which usually

menace to the country and the people. |fall to men in the field; they melted the His aims were always selfish, and although|lead to make bullets, and helped to dig the he knew how to take advantage of the|entrenchments from which so many fatal unrest of the poor half-breeds, who certainly | shots were fired. Thisisnoromance. W labored under many grievances, and cloak| have it from the lips of the priests and sis-

We

ters who were on the scene at the time —

their redress, still the mainspring of all his|the very parties who were confined by self-aggrandizament. | Riel to a log hut in Batoche, and were While both objects, the common good and | released by the troops when that place was his own advancement, could be furthered |taken.

Thosa religious wore all earnest workers onthe side of country. By the rebel leader the priests had been treated

ed upon to exert himself to the last extre-|harshly, the sisters considerately. As the Where the one diverged from the |long line of huts were shelled by the advan

cing army, that in which the prisoners were confined nearly met the fate of the A white handkerchief served as a

moment. They were then given full pro- tection by General Middleton, who went daily to consult with the priests, but was undecided what todo. He was afraid of pitfalls and ambuscades. Despite the assurances of his new allies that the rebels were out of ammunition and provisions, and could be easily overpowered by a simple sortie, he protracted the attack ; he took no advantage of the ground he had gained. This indecision was painful to the troops and priests alike. At last an end of it came by accident. The commander, at- tended by his staff, was making his daily visit to the prisoners as usual. The troops were drawn up near by. As he engaged in earnest conversation with one of the priests ashot, fired from the enemy’s ambush in the valley beneath, whizzed by, putting daylight throvgh his helmet. His guard, alarmed at the general’s danger, and on the impulse of the moment, rushed down the incline, followed by the whole division of militia. A deadly tire opened on both sides, but the gallant dash of our men had its reward. The enemy was driven in pre- cipitation from the trenches and dispersed, and the backbone of the rebellion thus broken. It appears that the general even commanded a halt as the troops flew past to the attack, but could not make himself heard above the din of battle. Thus by a mere accident the troops were fortunate in storming and taking ths fortress of the enemy, and thereby saved many lives and a protracted war. Following up their advantage, the half-breeds were scon scat- tered over the northern wilds,—Riel taken prisoner and Gabriel Dumont, his brave jieutenan., in flight across the border. Riel and Dumont fled together, but the rebel leader, listening again to the same mysterious voice which he alleged directed him in all his difficulties, went no great distance forward. He was taken by the troops ina thicket not many miles away shortly after, the picture of abject misery, —half clad, dirty and woe-begone. ‘To maintain the self-respect of the militia he nad to be introduced in camp as ‘‘ Riel’s cook,” who had become deranged ; for still he jabbered away ab-ut his divine mission, Under strong escort he was immediately conveyed to the guard room of the Mounted Police at Regina’ to await trial. All are familiar with the clos- ing scene in his eventful life. Tried be- fore Stipendiary Magistrate (now Judge) Richardson, despite the demands of his counsel for a change of venue, and despite an admirable defence made by the beat

lawyers in the country and the testimony of medical experts as to his sanity, he was found guilty of high treason and executed from a_ gallows erected in the little pen-shaped jail yard of the bar- racks.on the 10th November, 1885. We stood on the spot when we visited Regina. We stood by his grave .again at St. Boniface, and fully conscicus of the terrible misfortunes he had caused, we could not resist the conviction firm upon us that it was a national crime to hang a mad- man. Those whom he caused to suffer most, and who yield to none in their love of law and order in the land, who were near him often from the moment of his return until the hangman did his work at Regina, men like Pere Andre, whom he hated and persecuted, were all agreed in pronouncing hima mono- maniec in the fullest acceptation of the term. Many facts confirmatory of this might be ad- duced did space permit. To the last moment was he consistent in his folly. The cowardly General who had deserted his men in the heat of battle met death now with a fortitude never excelled in the truest of Christian pate riots. His address frem the scaffold had to be broken in upon lest the burning eloquence he poured forth might arouse to too great a degree the feelings of the assemblage. ‘*The man was a genius, but a fool,” said his last spirit- ual adviser to us. ‘There can be no doubt that by his death the permanent peace of the Northwest has been purchased; but was he snfficiently responsible to be held for his actions ? .God: only knows.” And this was about the general sentiment, At all events Louis David Riel has passed out of this sphere and into history; and the country he so dis- turbed is enjoying to the full the sweet calm which follows the raging storm. Even the red-man has now had enough of rebellions; it any such thing were again possible in the comparatively thickly settled state of the country. The Poundmakers, Big Bears, Du- monts and Riels of the future will be easily dealt with,

Although costly to the young Dominion, in blood and money, the last rebellion was not without its good fruits. We all recognize the gravity of the uprising which resulted in the oss of seventy of our sons, volunteers and rebels, and the massacre of two missionaries; but the bloody sicrifice, we hope, may have purchased for us the eriduring peace and cone cord of the nation made up of so many diverse elements. The money spent bears proportion- ately on ua all, but it is well repaid in the better administration of Indian affairs which

katchewan valley where his arrival was|defend their homes and maintain their|has followed. The grievances of the Metis

and Indians have been removed, and while we

French. halfbreed himself, educated, hand- |8) foolish as to fail to recognize the serious| know the former to be happy, contented and

prosperous, the latter are as much so as their restless nature and changed circumstances will permit. Young Canada has then had her bap- tism of fire. The dark hour of her trial, with the consequences it entailed for years after in more provinces of the federation than one, has disappeared forever. She has vindicated her nationhood in adversity. May she as well

marvelled at, then, that he ruled the poor; spurred their husb:nds and sons and friends} withstand properity,— simple halfbreeds and simpler redmen with jon to redoubled effort ; they did ambulance

The bark by tempest vainly tossed May founder in the calm, ;

And he who braved the Polar frosts Faint by the isles of balm.

atism of the (ints

AND /|

INHERITED HUMOR «BLOOD

Banished by §

AFTER PHYSICIANS HAD PRONOUNCED THEM INCURABLE !

Marcus LITTLEFIELD LIVES AT WEST WINTERPORT, ME. A FARMER BY OCCU- PATION, HE ENJOYS THE RESPECT OF ALL WhO KNOW HIM. IN CONVERSATION WITH A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE SKODA DIs- COVERY CO., NOT LONG SINCE HE RELAT- ED THE FOLLOWING STORY: ‘

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so out of place, B ETT ER that for three weeks

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2 N exteirnally. After using THAN them but nae week, there was a visible raaae in appearance. My skin that was literally covered with pimples and blotehes began to clear up. y appe- tite became good, less sre in myf - shoulders, and I gained rapidly. Ihave mow used less than two courses of these REMEDIES, and my Rheumatism has entirely disappeared. SHOULDERS THAT WERE DRAWN OUT OF PLACE AND WHICH THE DOCTORS SAID COULD NEVER BE GOT BACK AGAIN ARE AS GOOD AS NEW aan IN SSerecy Orr My skin is

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SKODA DISCOVERY 60., Wolfville, N.S.

ESE oi EO AE Seen pase re Se renee

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