iPlGl ‘ '

TllE BIlARLlITTETUWII lillklililll

Ieesilssg Dally (Pounded h 1881) ' AafiasieodaeSeoondCIeeeMaILIoesOIIoe Department, Ottawa. i HINDI. Ian A. B “, Vac-President, Was. l Barnett; Seam-Trees, G. M. Burnett; Edmu- mg Ianeghsg Director, J. B. Burnett; Anoolate Editor. hank Walker.

“The Strongest Memory ie Weaker Than the Weakest hilt.‘

BATURDAY, OCTOBER l2, 1943

Thanksgiving

The end of the harvest season is the crown- ing fullness of the year. Nature has finished her bounteous work. The earth has yielded up its stores of food and the husbandman has gathered the fruits of his labours. Therefore

' it is fitting that at least one day of the three hundred and sixty-five should be specially set apart for the expression of public thanksgiving for the blessing and mercies of the year.

No land has greater cause for thankful- ness on this score than Canada, as we all know but too frequently forget. We should not for- get it in this year of grace 1946. Compared with the impoverished lands of post-war Europe we are literally wallowing in wealth. ln this year, which sees millions in Europe starving, there are on Canadian farms 10,000,000 head of cattle and over 5,000,000 hogs. There have been excellent crops throughout the country. ’Our wheat crop of 440,500,000 bushels was 135,000,000 bushels larger than last year's. The potato crop is 24 per cent higher and the apple harvest is ex- pected to yield over 16,000,000 bushels, 15 per cent above the average of the last ten years. Railway carloadings have been the heaviest since 1928. And so forth. One -could go on en- umerating these evidences of prosperity indef- initely. Nor are we by any means at the tail end of the procession in this Garden Province of the Dominion. The admirable review by Mr. W. R. Shaw, Deputy Minister of Agriculture, in today's issue should be read in this connection. What country or province could ask for more bountiful returns? - I

The church services tomorrow are of a special thanksgiving nature, and will be a fit- ting prelude to Monday's formal observance of the anniversary. .

Speaking About Gar Ferries

Some time ago it was suggest’ in these“ columns that for the tourist season this year it might be possible to procure surplus army land- ing vehicles, such as were used in abundan e by the Allies during the invasion of Europe, for the transpo t of trucks and automobiles to and from the mainland. The lofty indifference usually shown at Ottawa towards any suggestions from this Province about transportation improvement was maintained in this case, and the season was allowed to pass without effort being made to supplement the totally inadequate service sup- plied by the old Scofia on the Borden-Tormen- tine route. .

An example of how things are done under more wide-awake manageme t comes from Key West, Florida. Some time this fall a 7,700 ton 475 ft. converted LSD (Landing Ship Dock) will put out from Key West, cross the ninety nautical miles to Havana, Cuba, and open up a new era in post-war travel. On board the ship will be some 214 automobiles, 20 truck trailers, and 900 passengers. "The six hour crossing", we read, "will combine the fun of an old-fashioned ferry boat trip with all the modern innovations usually found only on luxury liners. There will be staterooms designed by famous interior dec- orators, two restaurants, two bars and two prom- enade decks. The only semblance the ship will bear to the old-time ferry will be the fact that below decks will be the automobiles in which passengers will continue their travels when they disembark." '

A scheme to provide a cor ferry for this service was ‘conceived by a Mr. Harold G. Wil- liams, president of the Gulf Atlantic Trans- portation Company. Had he been dealing with the Government of the Dominion of Canada he would probably never have gotten to first base. But a Florida bank approved a loan of $1,500,- 000 to partially finance the venture. Just as Williams was getting ready to begin work on his huge ferry, the supervisor of shipping in Mobile, Alabama, heard of his plan and of the trouble he was having getting material. He called Williams by long distance, told him of a surplus LSD which was about -to be sold to the highest bidder, and suggested lie take a look at it. Williams dd, and his bid was accepted.

"As soon as possible," it is stated, "Wil- Ianis’ company will inaugurate a ferry from Cuba to the Yucatan Peninsula, to Jamaica and other West Indian Islands, which will make it possible for an individual to travel from one end of the continent to the other, from Can- ada to South America, by way of the. West In- dies, crossing from island to island in his own automobile."

If converted LSD's can be used for SIIClI purposes as above stated-grid there seems n0 question as to the authenticity of the repart- why have they not been tried out for_ the relief of Prince Edward Island's transportation bottle- neck? That is one of the sixty-four dollar ques- tions that Public Works Minister Chevrier didn't attempt to answer on his recent visit here.

Growth 0i lie-operatives

A remarkable growth in co-operative organ- "lzetions in Canada and in the volume of busi- ness transacted is recorded in the operations of I945. Of the 1,824 co-aperative marketing as- sociations in the Dominion, the overwhelming

rcentage are farmers’ organizations. Quebec him ell rovlnces in the number functioning,

_'hoving while Saskatchewan is second with

f4” and the others in the tollcwiogseqiienc .

25s, Albeg m, Manitoba 95, lritish

lo I7, N l3. New lrunswiclr

- ing month by month.

llllllklb. ‘there also oreéiiaflauangeinent of church over liol

The total business transacted last year by all ‘the associations amounted to $585,650,000, an increase of 270 per cent compared with the aggregate volume of business done ten years ago, in 1936, and more than $500 million was done in the sale of farm products. Among those the largest item was in grains and seeds, $268,- 922,000. Business in livestock marketing total- :_ed $88 million, and in dairy products $60.9 mil. ion.

Interesting to note is that at the end of the year 1945 there were a total of 739,604 shareholders or members, more than double the number in i936. Assets of all the co-operative business organizations on July 31, the end of crop year 1944-45, amounted to $172,565,590, or more than twice the value in 1936. Work- ing capital advanced from $15,797,223 in 1936 to $40,163,231 in 1945.

' But the turnover of co-operative business organizations in Canada is not limited to the sale of farm products. They sell a variety of supplies and merchandise to their members and patrons. In 1944-45 these sales amounted to $81,360,855, an increase of $15 million over the previous year. The organizations also do a considerable mutual fire_ insurance business,

there being 409 such companies with a net in- 1s only

suronca risk of $i,436,293,369 and net assets of about $16,000,000. Among other cb-opera- tive business organizations are 2,375 telephone systems in operation with an investment in ex- cess of $22 million, and 110,388 connected tele- phones. in addition there are numerous other businesses and services operated under the cc- operative principle and all are shown to be ex- panding.

F EDITORIAL

Columbus Day in U. S. A.

NOTES =

Tomorrow, Thanksgiving

Sunday in all Churches. '

Ill I! I I

Michaelmas, or the Feast of St. Michael; also quarter-day for bank and other dues in England.

. I i i O

Junius, an English scholar, stated: "The liberty of the press is the palladium of all civil, political and religious rights of free men."/“

it 0‘ i‘ ‘ll

British Prime Minister J. Ramsay Macdon- ald, born this date 1866; became labour leader and secretary of the Labour Party; represented Leicester in Parliament; chosen leader of the Labour Opposition, 1922, becoming Prime Min- ister and Secretary of State for Foreign Af- fairs in 1924.

i I I O

lt is a puzzle to discover how the Bureau of Statistics manipulates its cost figures. On the one hand it reports that the cost of living, to the consumer has gone down, and on the other that farmers’ costs have increased. Either the farmer is not a consumer or we are all farmers.

4‘ 4‘ i l‘

Empire trade is once more on the ascend- ant. Australian statistician Dr. Roland "Wilson, reports that Australian export trade is increas- In August this year, Aus- tralian exports of merchandise totalled more than $71,520,000, compared with only $27,240,- 000 in the some month of last year.

t If! d! >l< 1t

Tomorrow the eleven condemned Nazi war criminals will spend their last Sunday on earth. According to our conception, from a humanitar- ian and military point of view, it would have sufficied justice and international law to have had them executed forthwith at the war's end, instead of dragging on on almost interminable trial, which provided merely an opportunity to obtain a written record of their criminal mis- deeds. But of these, there are a million buried, and millions more still suffering almost unen- durably.

a e n a

Here are a couple of advertisements picked out of a British newspaper giving some idea "how the other half live" over there in post- war days: '

Wedding dress wanted, or veil; girl; must be smart. Write Miss Kayes, Flanders Mansions, Chiswick, London, W.4. _

£5__Up r0 5 pounds given for your‘ Dis- carded Suit. Post'it and liberal offer_ will be made by return. Goods returned free If fillers not accepted. West End Misfits, Ltd, 5 Queen Arcade, Renfrew Street, Glasgow. Phone. 9W9- 5225 (highest bonkers’ refs)’

‘k ‘F

suit tall i2

A local angle to the qiiashing of the mili- tary verdict agoinst 243 British paratroopers in Malaya, is that a former boy Wur Glleil i161‘! '5 a membe of the 13th British Parachute Battalion involved, viz., A. J. Kissenger. TORY SPF" hi" years in Charlottetown, attending Prince of Wales College and St. Peter's Cathedral, and a finer boy never breathed. lt is not known whether he was included in the‘ 243 sentenced. but if he were it would be due more to "the spirit of the crowd" than to ill-intent. Last let- ter from Tony was written in ilIEIDIIiCiI East lrrlies on the eve of the Battalions departure to Malaya, on route, as he fondly'hoped, to "lilighty”, and all that that means in the heart and mind of a soldier in a foreign land.

w Q "k "I

Structural characteristics desirable in Eng- lish churches of the future are enunciated in "hmwn, church Building," a report to'the Ecclesiastical Commissioners b1 ‘"1 P9"'°'Y panel. The panel, which was appointed in June. i945, considers that inclusion on one Sli8.0P a1: buildings required by the wider conception o the social responsibilities of the Church is lllfllli desirable. The ideal Pl°"_ "99"" 1° “F; of an integral and harmonious group o ul l- ings, coiaisting of the church, one or possiby two halls, and the class rooms for Sunday School work, together with the vicaralii "9 that the whole should be linked together, f" example, by a formal garden or cloister court. A; a general rule, such groups be mainly of single-storey buildings, but on II- stricted, enclosed, or steeply falling sites .

would ' probably g

e

me cunnwrrurown GUARDIAN

Notes By The Way

Ileana pee alga 00d £8! n1 yq; 901118 to do about flu others! In fir“ not potiblle ugihthay will ‘be n egareas

“who by the belief that they viii emouiater no opposition? If m; 22$‘? $0“: ‘t: "?.".i."‘ "“‘ "°‘

s e _ fled than he slink; ewuyig m Gary Herald.

The modern trend has reached even into the realm of that. age-old fraternity-one Jiiiilsmeai. No loing. e1‘ may u!!!’ be designated a; junk. men 1'98’ at their conventions in son Francisco this month. they will be known as tihe National Association of Waste Material Dealers. -Vm- oouver NewsJ-Ierala.

Y" "-11 l"; along wlt-h women lf Wm let them think they an my. i118 their own way. But the only Wvwdictboristoloorhemtsave ll- —QUBbec Gtironlole-‘Ilelcgaph.

,The Soviet delcglta to the U, N_ u "y Council accused Greek Flommhlsl-t’ 0f abusing mimirl. ties. The tonal population of Greece seven million. Aooordln to the miast reliable figure; more; 14 minim Persons are now locfsod up in soviet sieve-labour camps because of their ‘minority views". Apparently it all depomia upon Whose minority 1s abused. -nermir Free Prms.

Woollen stockings, ae sheer gnd as lustrous as nylon or pure silk, were forecast by J.P. Abbott. M. he; ‘fifi’ hi.“ .2“?.§“““‘

us t of st-ocklnss women wfifo be m 1n preference to e11 oiheire. Mr. Abbott said that wool could easily become the po-e-enrlnent fibre of the World. and added that tine Wool Board was working with great sire. w“ W1 B Diocese to make all wool- len zoods both shrink and moth proof. "I think that we can even rake the ‘ftlckle’ out, of wool, for the Board has developed a chemlcdl that will make wool as smooth and as lustrous as silk", he query ._. Prom Australian News.

Listen to t-hle, if you want to be brought. up short case-third or all Canadian homes have nary e. book. case in them, and onily one-quarter of our homes have one bookcase. In these days of ages. a iabaritable reason could be found: but we aren't, in a per. ‘tlcularly charitable mood at the moment. We greatly fear there are other reasons for this lack of interest Ln one at the useful ap- pendages tio a collection of books. Of course, them is a book-read. ing clique that doesn't believe ” kcases very essential; books can always be plied up in the umbrella stand or shoved under the bed. But we have a notion that the pOSS6§10n 0i bookcases fosters the collection and eventually the love of books. There Ls an unlimlt. Ed 01181181189 1o the manufacturer: and distributors of this: klnd of fumitum. and authors should he. oumtly spare a prayer or two for them. -Author and Bookman.

One 0f the finest old shlpa aflflll is the Acqultunia. Compared with the Queen Mary and Queen Eliza. bath, she is out of date, and of course smaller~ 45.847 tons com- pared wit-h $3,673 But she is re- liable and comtoflable and has out. lasted all her contemporaries and many of her juniors. She is known as Granny in tier home port, south. hrampwn, And it lias just been an- nounced to the great satisfaction of man that. she is to undergo one of her rare overhaul: prepare. tory to a. fresh lease Qt life. Granny is thirty-two ears old, having been finished in 1 l4. She was sister of the well known Mausetania. and the luckless Lusitania, sunk in 1914. One of Granny's most. outstanding characteristics is that she has al- ways been an economical ship to ODera-iie which the old Ma-usetanla —t.tiere is a. new one-wee not. She can actiually wmpete with tihe big ships because what. she loses 1n speed she gains in quick turn. around. Some of those in tier clans she has watched go to the ship- brcakeo-s or lo the bottoui of one sea are the Olympic, Mcyeetlc, Ber- ergiu-la, Leviathan, Nomiandte, Bremen, Rex, Ehnproee 0f Britain and a number of ottnra. —8alnt John Teleg-raphJourn-el.

All the shortage-e are not attrib- utable to production amen: some or them may be tracea to tact tihat. make equitable distribution practically impossible. ‘There an some people in the community to whom a rumor that. a commodity is in short supply acts like an alarm bell on on old fire horse. Regardless of what the orxnmod-

used it before. they he read to charge out and MU out lam! stocks. Persons who never used a lolly powder in their llvas stand ready to swoo them adf grooesa’ shelves as 1f tiey were gold dust. ‘Iheae some [ieraona have

salt. stored away lo pickle mem- selves for llfe. The Pctcrborough Examiner appropriately cafifu them Grocery Store Has-plea. A horpy in mythology ls a ravenous blrd with the face ad a woimn that. delights 1n stealing fooil from hungry men Present. day harples haven't all got women's faces-mum of than iodx like men. But hiu In the right roe-me for thorn. — lnnlpq Tri- bunie.

The misntfleencc of Lord Beaver-

o in retro‘ o" ‘"- reac mp oaone or our - vlnoenaire something that. le oliiii- cult for the imagination to grasp at first ohought,‘ Titian overeeee

echo each year, eo that U NB your‘ men and may have the privilege of

poet-graduate study as the University of London -all thle 1n addition-to his mill! gmeious benefiwtlorse of peet years. In little more than the first 10 under iiils plan. New Brune- wlck/wlll have 100 man fifi woman wlioae v Int hoe been brood-

u

5h‘ i"? the m

provinooefnlbe

he latent lune“ on {erred Vllsdlll uiigeietty. These gvzulsiifzlsled the seven

is especially

lumber snort- in

w, the skill and persistence of

lty ls or wncttier ohey have ever l"

lat-Oak's lctees gift to the Umvcrllw ll

Panic Or Reason In Dealing With Poliomyelitis-

(Journal of Public Health.) fill” ,...M“'°,°i “m” .°.‘;§t..‘3’ ‘ll;

n o es are ea urban common" durlniz I110 late rprlnl or summer. there a1- _weys develops e certain feeling of public anxiety. If the number of cases shows a tendency to ln- crease. thle anxiety develops into fear end the fear into e state bur- derin on panic. The public press too often maker e sensation of the situation and calls on public of- ficials, particularly the health de~ partment for eome usual display of action.

Under pressun of this kind. health departments often respond by what the physiologist calls "ran- dom movements", ln ways which

Schools are closed, Lhe use of swimming pools ls forbidden, and a so-called "clean-up" campaign is inaugurated. This much may be justified under some circumstan- ces. but too frequently lt does not stop here. Swamps and stagnant

ols are often drained and

es lately become the fashion to dust the clty with DUI.‘ from the nlr. At nearby army and navy res- ervations the commanding offic- ers are often induced to declare the city theatres and other public

time out-of-boursdz. Relghbl- ng communlttea may refuse entry to persons flom the "infected" city by establishing road blocks manned by states guardsmen who stop c-irs and buses to "question and ln- struct." the occupants.

O I O

All this ls sadly remlnlecent o! the days of yellow fever and the shot-gun quarantine of e century

o, when people were driven by b ind fear, ignorance, and supersti- tion. It should not be tolerated to- day, ln view of the advance tn knowledge of the causes and ‘nodes of dissemination of the agents of infectious disease. and particularly of pollomyelltls.

Why. then, is reason not applied in such situations? 1s 1t because the general public and the medical profession are not properly 1n- formed? Is lt because public neiilth officials of many municipalities have been chosen for political rea- sons rather than for their solen- tlflc and practical qualifications? Because public leadership does not stand against popular clamor. Imp- g penicips to bring abau; desir- able sanitary reform? Or because the public health profession ls itself misled by the half-truths of scientific research as re rted in a sensational press or ri propa- ganda booklets such as the one entitled “Pollution and Polio," re- centl published by the Izaak Wal- ton ague of America?

Perhaps it these reasons. But. lf we are to establish the rule of intelligence ln dealing with this disease, it ts fundamental that the public health profession itself, at least. be not misled. In view of esent-day knowledge, the followng state- ment from an editorial ln an en- glneerlng journal of high standing is certainly c. dangerous half-truth; "Polio may soon be recognized as a problem of sanitation and the sanitary engineer may take the Wk of building defenses against the spread of this dread disease, just as he did against typhoid.

Now_t.hat polio is labelled by scientific research as a filth dis- ease, spread by human wastes, the sanitary engineering profession must assume some responsibility tor its control. If the vl-ruir ls carried by polluted waters. and spread by the fly. as the present status of research seems to indicate. the edict becomes reasonably clear: we must prevent pollution and stamp out the fly."

It is not perhaps surprising that the engineers should take this view elnce the concept that infantile

ralysls is is water-borne or an nsect-borne disease has not luck- ed some tacit approval from com- petent epldemlologlsts. Yet, all of the evidence which has beeii nc- cumulated since the studies of Wlckman, and including the most recent, observations confirmed by animal inoculations. have tended to establish firmly the concept, that pallomyelltls is exclusively n hu- man infection and that the virus is passed rather directly from an infected reon to a non-infected llllcePtlh a individual.

The frequency with which con- tect-tiansmi-sslon can be traced has varied widely according to the definitions and criteria adopted, the investigator. and the circumstan- ces of occurrence. If tnapparent and sub-clinical ‘nfecllons are considered, as well as clinically rec- ognized cases, frequency of trace- able contact ls of the some order ae that which can be established studies of diphtheria. scarlet fever. menlngccoccus meningitis, or baclllary dysentery.