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Atlantic Unemployment

The. Atlantic region is still in

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fiagfimmm-T JANCARY; 1371953.

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the doldrums so far as unemploy-

ment is concernerl. The latest state-

" ment. released this week by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics and the Labor Department, shows that 11.4 per cent of the available labor force of this region was unemploy- ed at mid-December. This repre- sents an increase of 2.5 per cent over the previous month's figure of 8.9 per cent.

And how does it compare with the rest of Canada? Very poorly indeed. For the rest of Canada un- employment at mid-December stood at. 5.8 per cent, a jump of 1-1 per cent front the 4.7 per cent standing of mid—November. For all of (‘an— ada, at mid-December. the percent- age was 6.3, up 1.1 per cent from the 5.2 per cent of a month ear- lier.

Thus we. are not only lagging behind in the Atlantic region, but our rate of lag in the period be- tween mid-November and mid- I)ecember last was considerably greater than in other parts of the country.

This gives added emphasis to the, need for getting the new APEC

' campaign going. The employment target in this campaign is a long- range one—155.000 new jobs in the Atlantic region by 1980 as an “es- sential ingredient" in reaching the required eCouomic development for the area. There is urgent need for getting this development under way.

Let's hope. in this connection, that every effort will be made to speed up our big Causeway pro- ject. in his speech in Charlottetown last June. Prime Minister Diefen- baker estimated that this work would give employment to 1.100 men for six years and provide 530000.000 lll wages. API‘T should keep emphasizing. along with us, that the sooner we get this great undertaking starter! the better.

Aclenauer's Problem

As noted in a dispatch yester- day from Bonn, the meeting of Chancellor Arlenauer and President de Gaulle next week to sign an agreement. on closer relations is ex- pected to stimulate fears of a Paris-Bonn axis. France and West Germany, their old enmities laid to rest. are. seen as joining forces to dominate Western Europe. Hereto- fore they have stood together on Common Market, issues. and the question now is whether the. West. German Chancellor it prepared to go along with de Gaulle's latest pronouncement, declaring his op- position to Britain’s entry on terms so severe that there is little risk of Britain accepting them.

In view of de Gaulle's unbend- ing personality, it, must be assumed that his public statement was both calculated and final. With or with- out. Adenauer‘a co-operation, he. will insist on Britain adopting a policy that would violate Prime Minister Macmillan’a promises to the Com- monwealth, to the European Free Trade Aaeociation, and to the Brit- ish Parliament and public. Even if Mr. Macmillan concluded that the atakea were so high as to justify an aboutotum of this kind, it is man than doubtful if he could , - carry it off. He would risk public 3" humiliation and crushing defeat at “a “I.

. Even If Wcat- Germany atande l firmly with Italy, Belgium, The l; and Luxemburg In op-

; do Genile’e ultimatum and y .‘..~ .

[April 1, me and March :1.

-. lng concessions to Britain, title will not be enough. De Gaulle has the power of veto at the Brussels negotiations, and it is not likely that he will hesitate to use it.

The situation must be disturb- ing to Chancellor Adenauer. For despite the talk of a Paris—Bonn axis he is too cagey not to know that de Gaulle's cherished plan is to combine under French leadership the foreign and defense policies of the Common Market states. The “axis” plan is a half-way stage in the achievement of this goal, which is to create a new “great power,” led by France, that will have an independent policy.

If Britain entered the Common Market, that would be the end of this grandiose scheme for she would inevitably advocate close coopera- tion with the Commonwealth and the l'nited States. She would in- sist, on maintaining an int i m ate Atlantic partnership. Adenauer may have to decide whether this Would be preferable to playing second fiddle to a man whose dreams of glory for France have become a dangerous obsession.

The terms of the agreement that was worked out after dc Gaulle’s triumphant tour of West. Germany last September have been kept secret. They are expected to be revealed either during the Chan- celor’s three day visit to Paris next week, or soon after. As finalized at this meeting. they could have far- reaching implications for Europe and the western world.

The Soft Approach

Who would have predicted, a short while ago, that Premier Khrushchev would be in viting Mayor Willy Brandt of West Ber- lin to come to East Berlin for a. friendly chat about their dividing wall? Mayor Branrlt has reluctant- ly rejected the offer, because of political pressure; but the fact that It has been made indicates a new approach on the Soviet leader's part.

Recently. too. the East German Communist chief. Walter Ulbricht, said that efforts to get the western allies out of Berln should be put. off into the future. The big job ahead for the East Germans, he said, is to get the economy moving. Such relatively unimportant mat- ters as Berlin, he implied. can wait for easier days. He called emphasts on Berlin “Stalinist,” which is one of the Worst epithets in Red jargon today-

Why this change after a series of threats and setting deadlines since 1958 for the western allies to get out of Berlin? The best guess is that the Communist bloc has so many troubles at home that it hasn't the time or the stomach for stirring up more. Another, of course, is that the implications of the Cuban crisis are still being digested at Moscow.

This leaves Berlin where the western allies insist it must be left until an over—all German settlement. is reached or until some definite means can be agreed upon for guaranteeing its freedom. Allied presence remains. Access Is open. Berlin keeps its ties with West Germany. And Mr. Khrushchev beckons genially to Willy Brandt across the wall.

Mr. Gaitskell's Death

When Hugh Gaitskell was elect- ed leader of the British Labor Party in December, 1955, there was come disariuteut in loft-wing circlee over the choice. He was distrusted as an “intellectual”, and he had no commanding personality. Over the years, he proved his detractors to be mistaken in their estimate of his leadership ability. His authority in Labor circles became stronger as time went on, and he won a wide measure of acceptance outside party ranks.

His death in a London hospital yesterday was not unexpected, but it will be deeply mourned. Mr. Gaitskell possessed wide culture as well as political experience, and he was noted for his integrity and sincerity. Such men are an orna- ment to public life In any country.

EDITORIAL NOTE

Japan’s wandering students are on the increase. According to e aurvey conducted by the Japanese Ministry of Education. more than 5,500,000 echoolchildren will have been on educational tripe between

‘

x that

tea. ’

“UNIDENTIFIED PERISCOPE, SIR”

BRITISH COMMENTARY

How Long To Kenyo’s Independence?

Taylor

By D n . United Kingdom Information Service

Our-e again Kenya is coming into the world's urns. A n on Governor is appointed: the rc- ports of the various commis- sions whose work is necessary to the drafting of the new con- stitution are virtually c o m‘ plate: a breakaway move from the major political party. the Kenya African National Union, is reporter.

Tile progress of this East Af- rican country. which has suffer- ed so much tragedy. does seem slow. So slow that there are criticisms that Britain is “drag giug her feet" over Kenya’s in- dependence. llow much truth is there in such an accusation? Let us take a careful‘and objective look

It is.1 think. wise to ta k e hood of the lessons pt‘ovldE‘d by other African countries a n d particularly by the former Bel- gian Coneo. There is no avoid- ing the hard truth that for countries 9 n t 9 ring into inde- pendence. if they are to survive. there are four requisites“ a sense of national unity, gree of political experience. a reasonably sound own 0 m l c base and the ability to run the country's administration.

Yet one cannot ask people

a rle- l

longing for independence to I'ol- \

low a counsel of utter pcrfcc- tion. There must be a comprom- Ise at some point. but it must be

a comprome which guarante- . es the emergent country a fair .

chance of avoiding chaos. FARM REVOLUTION

Willi those points in tnind. lot r

us see how Kenya stands. There is a sound enough basis of poll- tical expertise In the country. with some outstanding political leaders.

"Afrir-anisation" of the a d- ministration is not so far ad- vanced as it might be, but if the expatriate staff in key posi- tions will carry on for s 0 time ahead it will serve. Th e economy is not so broadly bas- ed as one would desire and un- certainty nhnut the fulul‘f‘ has adversely affected

1 sive before it was too late. This

‘ in which American helicopters

me.

Investment ‘

from outside sources. Yet the t revolution in African agriculture ‘ Is showing some remarkable rc- ‘

suits and gives great hope for the future.

Indeed it is possible to say that. given stability of govern- ment. the prospect for Kenya could be encouraging. But stab- ility is dependent. above all oth- er things. upon a smse of na- tional unity. What are the pros- pects of that in Kenya as It stands today?

The doubt over very heart of t

his is III e

t a problem.

I and assuring United Nations of-

Therc are acute differences be- ‘ tween the leading parties ~the I

Kenya African Democratic Un- ion (KADU) and the Kenya Af- rican National Union (KANUI. There is no disputing that In large measure these parties are based on tribal loyalties. de- spite the efforts of leaders to es- tablish national loyalty and de- spite the fact that these leaders have worked together smoothly

Ottawa

France has decided that 200.- 000 people with the Le glon of Honor are far too many. T h e honor is to be harder to get un- der a new decree.

Canada has the opposite prob- lem— too few awards to distin- guished citizens.

The Canada Council Medal— not to be confused with the Can- ede Medal— has been awarded,

gracefrdly so, to Arthur Llamer. artist: Claude Cham- pagne, c and Leonard Brockington, orator, within the last few days. But title award by an organization Is not In the eeme clean as the CMGe. cae- em 08!:- learned In royal pro

aim: to civilians toward

and of the Second World War on aedvlce of Canadian minte-

Illlllaa heuon fu- m

M

l

I

Medals, Up And Down

and efficiently in the Govern-

mcn . FEARS ()F MINORITIES

Recent reports reveal that a majority of Northern Frontier District opinion favours th e secession of this district and its '3 union with the neighb o u ri n g Somali Republic. The Boundar- ies Commission also emphasis- es the fears of the minorities In Kenya »— not European t time but African - over In nd rights. There is clearly a deep suspicion that people within a region who do not belong to the major local tribe could easily lose their land.

What is the British Govern- * ment to do In face of these un- doubted divisions among the people of Kenya? Should it take the gamble of at once granting independence or should it pro- ceed along the present path of .

‘ analysing all the factors. laying

them before the responsible

. leaders and then In careful con<

sultatlon working out a solution together?

Clearly it must be the second choice. That Britain is deter- mined to do all possible to ex- pedite independence is shown

. by the selection as new Govern-

or of so distinguished a man as Mr. Malcolm MacDonald. The

. significant point is that he was

chosen because the duties of the Governor are now expected to

' assume more of a political and

diplomatic than an administra- tive character.

sum up, Kenya demon-

:atratee almost every problem

connected with the emergence of a dependent country into in-

‘ dependence. It Is the clear duty

of Britain to make that inde- pendence meaningful.

U.S. Problem In Vietnam

Milwaukee

Men don't fight wcll unless! they have something to fight: for. That seems to be the prob- l lem in South Vietnam. Most ofl the Vietnamese don't find it worth fighting for their dictator- ial government, even azainst communism.

The American experience of last week was symbolic. South Vietnamese troops and their American technicians were cut to pier-es by Communists be— cause Vietnamese officers and men refused to take the offen-

followcd several days of setbacks

were shot down—some. it is be- lieved. by American weapons the Communists had captured— and Red guerrillas had numer- ous successes against govern- ment troops.

The American public is not frilly informed as to our involve- ment and problems In Vietnam. The Vietnamese government cen- sors the news. Our government

is not anxious to let it be too definitely known how many men

Journal

and how much material we have committed.

This is because under the 1954 Geneva agreement it was pro- vided that South Vietnam should be given no more that 700 mili- tary advisers and no foreign combat forces.

Yet today we have an estimal~

d 10.000 American military personnel in Vietnam. Our "advisers" are accompanying

combat missions. flying fighter planes and ferrying Vietnamese troops to battle areas. We have had casualties from the start. Our men are in a war.

This may be necessary. But it Is far from a satisfactory state of affairs. The time must come when tte govvernment of Presi- dent Diem paves the way for a more democratic government and proves to the people that it is deserving of their loyalty. If that doesn't happen, the cause is bound to be lost in the end. just as It was lost when the French held Indochina and tried to rally peeple behind a government they felt was alien and not worth fighting for.

Milwaukee Journal

Should Be On The Stage

Within 24 hours President Ts- y hombe of Katanga has played , more official rules than Pooh! Bah in "The Mikado."

He started out pledging peace

ficials that his dearest wish was to unite with the central Congol- ese appointment and the http- pily ever after.

He put on another het— that of the flaming revolutionary — and threatened a scorched earth policy. He said that unless the UN got out he would blow up every mine and a m elte r In sight, fight from behind every jungle bush and tree, wreck the nation and breathe defiance un-

Journal

or good service are continued, and rightly. but Canadian gov- ernments in the leaf 15 years have shown a depressing timid- Ity about honoring other worthy citizens. The Canada Medal is ready for use, approved In 1943 and samples made. but hee been given no one although he Inrz a Canadian award It could not offend ardent netioneliele nor suggest that Canada h M filen in love with titles.

The human desire for marks of distinction Is nothing to scoff

at: even the very republican. Americana distribute en In- creeeln complex array of medals and awards. If the (he- ede were granted aper- houor would be done . "lT‘ ..-

age requ clue e mid be Ieee than the French

heroism In reducing e leelnt

til every last follower wee dead.

He sat quietly In his palace I after the UN placed him under

house arrest. offering to negot- Iate In the face of UN state- ments that there was nothing left to negotiate.

He climaxed hie day by head- Ing a UN column down the long road to the Northu-n Rho- desia frontier. stopping where- ever his people gathered to urge them to put down their arms and avoid bloodshed. He mde In glory In a huge black American sedan flanked by a white UN "Jeep"—- happy, affable and emanating peaceful intent.

T e- prisoner. Tahombe the peecemeker. It was a one men show iemey anyone who tried to make any

ee out of It. To pay that the Congo situation hee been con fused en under-eute- ment for mouthe — but Mom- he continuee to prove an endleee capacity for catfueiu It furth- er.

Hints To Help Tired Wives

By Dr. Theodore It. Van Dellea MANY houeewlvea have all the reasons in the world to be tired. But for every 20 women who are harassed In title way there Ie one with eu r-abund- ant energy. She can do all this and more. In some Instances, ehe gets more co-operation from her husband and family but In all probability she has every- thing organized and doee not waste energy on minor Irrita- tion: and auperflcialitiee. eru home is automat- ed but there are hundreds of remaining shortcuts to make work easier. Many of the e a were mentioned recently at e joint meeting of some econo- mists and home builders eaeo- ciations, as reported in Science News Letter. Consider upkeep, for example, when buying rug: and furniture; light and med- Ium tones are leae likely than dark colors to show the dust and finger marks. BrIc-a- brat: requires dusting and cleaning: reduce It to a minimum or keep half of it stored while exhibiting the rest.

The speakers suggested that women avoid spring and fall house cleaning. Clean one room well every week or two. to avoid the confusion or having the entire house upset and die- organlzed twice a year. Some jobs take longer than others. The kitchen floor can be swept or vacuumed in five minutes but 20 minutes are needed to do the bathroom. which includes polishing plumbing fixtures. get the easy jobs out of the w first because it allows a greater sense of accomplishment.

Practical tips on the prepara- tion and storage of foods were stressed. The housewife ought to cook double or triple amounts of a favorite recipe and store part in the freezer for later use. In this way site can cook once for two or three meals. Store meats in the desired number of portions in the deep freeze, sep. crating the portions with e dou- ble thickness of'wax paper. A few minutes of preparation at this time goes a long way be- cause frozen food can be diffi- cult to handle in a hurry.

Another hint was to broil a pound of bacon at one time and then place In the freezer or re- frigerator. Later it c an be broiled in a pan with no grease or mess. Time also is saved by buying staples such as paper napkins, laundry supplies, and bottled or canned foods In larg- er quantities.

The homemaker who is fa- tigued at day's end because of inefficient methods. or frus- trated about an unproductive day. ought to take stock of her store of energy and work out ways of spreading it In the most economical way.

(Dr. Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if stamped, self -addressed enve- lope accompaniee request.) .

STUTTEKING IN FAMILY

E.S. writes: My brother stut- ters and I'm wondering if my infant d a u g h t e r will stutter, on.