i mantis. i‘ jI. Confederation I rind" _ Status

i Informdtiiie Article Byl Mr. J. O. Hyndinan“ Which Every Islander Should’ Read.-

In view oithe lfwi interest being taken by the general public, ‘l lhe present time. in the matter of transportation and particularly

crops had to be taken from the fields 8nd loaded in saili ves- igfl i‘? $31M" Hid rushed out of the Province lgeforennzaviga- house llizii: Indthc other Province‘ of ‘he’ “aw Winter d 13° Pm. 8Y3“ lheriinandslup them. out during the

a" Plmg riwiiths. obtaining the higher prices prevailing

whereas with Prince Edward Island if 10w ' ' ' ' . . prices prevailed 1n the- early Fall, she contributed further to a glut and could not help her-

ISM’ “d W“ f°1¢=d to take the lowest prices. available. It will, létesrecgcllrlsl- b? 569i how important adequate and efiicient continu- mned dmiumcagion was to this Province, and thelosses she sus- lum incalc Till ° fimy yEars she was deprived of adflqllate service 109,000 ‘i? all)“ laYgrly accoupt for her loss in population from the: dm ( 1°8818‘1¢§f) 1o 88.6i5 in the census of i921, and a fur- Camd‘ P.” é°4° l" 193}. Whereas the population of the whole of camcuii siucel onfederation has increased 180%. If Canada had ‘PM Elli icr guarantees and obligations in the early years, . lice divard Island should today have at least 150,000 of a

our means of communication with the Mainland we take pleasurclgpopulation’ which wwld ha" be” a "’°m°"d°"5 hi?!" l" h"

ll, presenting the followill! memtirlndum prepared by Mr. I. O. llyndman. past President of the Associated Boards of Trade and member of the Transportation Commission of the Maritime hoards of Trade :

. The greatest economic problem of Canada at the time of Confederation was distance. When negotiations were being carried on, looking f0 the Ffldefition of Canada (Upper and Lower), and llw llfaritiiufrs. the seriousness of this handicap of distanog was gully appreciated and artificial provisions were instituted as com-

nsation. It was part of the Confederation Pact that National

pndertakings to provide transportation facilities and extremely

_ low West-bound freight rates would be established ivith the milled purpose of enabling Maritime producers to enter the niarketsof Qlifi-‘hec. Onlafll) 811d the W155i, 0n an equal footing will; their more centrally located competitors.

' The Hon. Samuel L. Tilley, Provincial Secretary of New BfunFiVlCk, speaking at the Conference held in Halifax in 186.1,,

made the following statement: “The delegates from the lower

.Pl'0\llIlC€S were not here seeking this union. They had esscnibled

it Charlottetown a few weeks ago in order to see whether they

‘null-l not extend their‘own_family relations; and then Canada

intervened, and a consideration of the larger question was the result." He considered it right to make this remark inasmuch as

ii had been asserted in certain quarters that the Maritime Pro-

vinces, weak and impoverished, were endcavoring to attach them-

selves to Canada, in order to reap the benefits arising from such

a union. This was not the case. Look at the immense amount of

Shipping they owned. He. was in a position to state that, for the

m i864, after paying the interest oin all their debts and after

providing liberally for roads, bridges, andother public works,

they would have a surplus of Half a Million. Therefore, they were not coming in as paupers-they were going to put something into the capital that was worth having: Then alluding to the Inter- tllllllllfil Railway project he stated their feeling on the subject was

‘we woift have this union unless you give us the railway’. It ivas

utterly impossible for us to have either a political or commercial

union without it."

Hon. George Brown. at a Conference in Toronto in 1864, made the following statement: "I may briefly say this, that all the debts and assets of the different Provinces are to be assumed by the general government. It has been found that, with the txceptim of Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, the debts of the several Provinces are much the same in proportion to their population. Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island hayc, how- ever, scarcely any debt at all; and we found adifficlilty in assoc- iating Provinces that were free from dcbt_with thosethat had largo public obligations. I have at the same time been quite ivilling to admit, and I repeat it heartily today, that withoutthe Inter- colonizil Railway there could be no union of these Provinces. And iiler careful consideration of the question in all its bearings and after counting the full cost I am repared to advocate the hllildlllg of that road in order to accomplish the great objectives we ‘have liivieiv in the scheme of Confederation.” _ _

Hon. George Coles, M.P.P._, made the following statement at the Conference at Fredericton in I864: “Canada. he Slated. hi“! come down to the Maritime Provinces, and this little daughter, Prince Edward Island, had been wooed but had not yet been won; The blandisliments of the wooer had not altogether prevailed- Beiore he would consent to the wcdlW-k» l1¢_ 5l1°11ld "mklflalld fully ivliether Canada. with h" Qfllmfil" l°""l°1'll and great, debt’ was able to maintain her in the connection as well as she was in liti‘ present condition. The pFOSPClYts hOWCWBT. he ffflfllfl)’ g°nfes5edi retitled to favor a. happy, and pr0§l>¢1'°11$ F°d°ml Um“-

‘(The above statements by Messrs. TlllQyt 319W" 311d Coles are taken from “The Union of the British Pro- viliccs", by Hon. Edward Whclan~onc of the Fathers 0i Confederation.) ' The terms and conditions upon which Prince Edward Island was admitted into Confederation in i873- cfmfalmd ‘he ‘°‘l°“'".‘1¥ provision: “Efficient steam service for the CQQVQ/ance °f "lads and passengers to be established and maintained between the Island and the Mainland of the Dommions. wnllfil“and Slimmer thus placing the Island in contiiiuoias communication witli_tlic Intel-colonial Railway and the Rallwfly SYSW" °f ‘he Dmlllmo“; and for rullicli service the Dominion Govern/mom shall aI-iifliw will defray all tlm charges.”

(Only such a service as will m¢8§11f¢ "P 311d °°mPaF° in efficiency with that in other Provinces of Canada will fulfill either the spirit or the letter of the above stilmla‘ lion. A service that was efficient twenty ytflffi 38°F "of ClllClClll today-forjts efficiency iiii15l¢ h"? Pa" wllh the efficiency of service in other Provinces.)_ Ferry Service was inaug- dld not fulfill the oblign‘ Winter and Summer.

For over forty years, until thfi C11‘ linileil iii i9i7, the Dominion of Canada lios of continuous steam C0mlTIUfllC8llOflr “lion lllc Car Ferry "Prince Edward Island" demonstrated that it \\'.'l$ possible to negotiate the ice conditions prevailing in tlic Winter season, successfully, it then became obliBawYY m} fl" Dominion of Canada to perform in its fullest sensetlle 6516K!"- niodcrn, continuous service, all the year roilhd» Ewmg '15_ ‘filial trausporizilion facilities, connecting us with the Intercolonial and lilainlziiid ltailivays, as exist iii other parts of Canada. _ _ p

Prince Edward Island refused to enter Confederation in i807

l economic life.

Cl _FY°1'11 the Report of the Royal Commission on Maritime 1111115. the following extract IS taken :

“i4. Transportation for Prince Edward Island.

_ There are two features of transportation as it affects Prince Edward Island that call for special mention.

' ~(a) Prince Edward Island Railways-The railway ad- ministration admitted that there was substantial foundation for much of the complaint we heard in Prince Edward Island ivltli regard to the railway service there. It appears that in view of the character of the roadbed and the "succession of heavy ‘curves and heavy grades, the difficulties which railway °l>@1'3l1°115 incur. and the inconvenience which the public suf- fers. cannot be _quickly and substantially lessenedwlthout a measure of capital expenditure. Such improvements as the railway administration could effect, if they bad to be under- taken out of the revenues appropriated to the Atlantic Divis- ion each year for maintenance, would take a very long time to complete. _

We recommend that the railway administration should be asked to make a survey of what is required in this connection, and that the department should make capital provision for the improvements to be undertaken within the shortest possible time.

We heard considerable complaint also with reference to the train service between Moncton and the Island, but the rail- way administration stated in evidence that they would make arrangements for the improvement of this service, '

(lb) Prince Edward Island Car Ferry.—-'I‘he terms and conditions upon which Prince Edward Island was admitted into Confederation in i873 contained the following provisions:

‘gl

‘Efficient steam service for the conveyance of mails and passengers to be established and maintained be- tween the Island and the Mainland of the Dominion, winter and summer thus placing the Island in con- tinuous communication with the Intercoloriial Rail- way and the railway system of the Dominion.’

The present car ferry affords a much improved service as

it was not contemplated that there would be motor car traffic

matter be gone into

reasonably be made. the ferry boat servIce is

receive.

On page 22 of the Report lowing appears:

the rate structure of today of attach to it as revealed in the pledges referred to (referring to the terms of the Car Ferry and oiir conirriunication

tractcd by the Dominion of and the Province of Prince federation, bought and paid in connection therewith.

In the early days of the Car

the Atlantic Division of the

as a wliolq Iii tllc earlyyczllrs Island or the Atlantic Division,

—was an obstacle in the way of

{erred to that it should not tions but should be run by the

association attention it should receive.

mil the Legislature of the Province passed in that year the fol- ulviiig resolution: “Lastly resolved that this Ijlouse disagrees with the i-ccoiiuiieiirlntioiis of the Quebec Convention and on the P111’! of Prince Edward Island emphatically declines a union ivhicli after 1tiioils and careful consideration, it believes would prvvfi Wm" cally, commercially and financially disastrous to the rlghli “ml liltercsts of this people." It was not until 1373 _ _ terms were promised which included the above condition gilarail- lccing cilicient and continuous communication, that Pllmc Edwafd island agreed to enter Confederation. _ lion. Robert L. Borden, speaking in the Opera House in Cliarlottctoivu in the year 191i, nlade the following statcillciit : “Prince Edward Island has never Conservative oi- Liberal Governments in the matter of T raiispor-

lation, It is not n matter of cost but a matter of honor bchvw"

lhe Dominion of Canada and Prince Edward Island.” Sir Wilfred Laureir, in the House of Commons

“5 POPlilaiiou, by reason of its connection with Canada, Qkwards instead of forward." '

9""; and the value of Prince Edward Island field crops Droxiuiately only 55% per bushel compared with the 11-1 ‘he licld crops from the other_ Provinces.

when the “better”.

been treated fairly by cillwl

(llallsard

19H page 58o»), said 1 “Prince Edward Island has not profiled

l1)’ Confederation. For some years past it has been lflYlldy lllslllg and going

Iii the Dominion Year Book, prior to the inauguration of tlw F" FEYY)‘. the value of the field crops of the various Proviiicti i5 is a -

llic 2i tions of the Duncan Commission lic- Prutillcc of New Brunswick recently filed a

The reason for this been carried out), t m: ‘m! ‘o: u ‘d:

was that owing to the no; or facilities, out: field

In the address ofHon. George-E; Cartier at Halifax in i864

‘lie made the following observation :

Icrlll! of imioii could be frnnlcrl as lo recur-c

affairs. That is I am persuaded

l

Provinces."

Dominion Parliament, there is liament, the body which _ _ Confederation, known as The Dominion of Canada, was formed and that right should be exercised.

Speaking at Charlottetown on August r2, 1928, Hon. R. B

mcnt to the cxtcilt of its ability and power to carry out these rccom

mendations (of the Duncan p then as soon as the Conscrvatiye p am its leader or another, we will carry them out at once.

e Confederation Pact. Notwithstanding the reconlmenda

under tli (all of which have not as ye

o; claims radius

THE "CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

compared with that which the Island formerly enjoyed, but in recent years traffic and freight have considerably increased, and will continue to increase, particularly at certain seasons of the year. When the present ferry steamer was constructed,

to be taken care of,and the arrangements at the piers are, "from the point of view of this traffic, very unsatisfactory. There have been many complaints by visitors and tourists. Altogether the ferry boat service is unsatisfactory. The rail- way administration admitted that there was need for a sup- plemental provision being made in the form either of a second ferry boat or a. specialfreight boat. We recommend that the from the point of view of placing at the disposal of the Island such satisfactory means of communica- tion as will ensure as regular and complete a service as can We further recommend that, so far as concerned, it should not be run as as part of the railway operations, but should be run by the rail- way administration under separate account for the Depart- ment. We feel that, by reason of its association with railway accounts, this service does not get the attention it should

of the Royal Commission the fol- “It is very material to notice that the President of the Canadian National Railways admitted in evidence. that in adminisicflilg the Atlantic Division, tio account is being takcirin the special considerations which ' and pronouncements already Confederation)" So far as with the Mainland is con- cerned, it is not a railway problem at all. It is an obligation con-

Canada with Prince Edward Island Edward Island, when it entered Con-

for that service; and the Dominion Government guaranteed to assume and defray all costs and charges

Ferry, the cost ofimaintainiiig the Boat and tllc piers was charged up against the Prince Edward Island Division of the Railway. Later on it was charged against Canadian National Railways, and eventually it was charged against the Canadian National Railways when it was charged against the this operating deficlt—thougli it should not have been treated as such, being a. Confederation charge Prince Edward Island getting fair and equitable treatment. When this situation, which had been ivorking greatly to our prejudice, ivas clearly placed before the Duncan Commission, they made the recommendation above re- be run as part of the Railway opera- Railway Administration under sep- arate account for the Department. They felt that by reason of its with Railway accounts the service did not get the

"On a survey of the whole case I do not think that tllcrc is any doubt as to the high advantages that would result from a ullioii of all the Colonies-provided tha! found furl to all contracting parlie: and so harmony in the future administration of the unanimous conclusion of the Conference; and that when the facts are before the Country, it is a conclusion that will be cordially endorsed by the people of all the

The Maritime Provinces have certain definite rights under the British North America Act, and if justice is denied them by the

still an appeal to the British Par- passed the legislation under which the

Bennett said : “T he Conservative Party will assist the Govern-

Conpntission) and if they fail to do so, Party attains power, whether I

All that the Maritimes are seeking is a matter of equality

Stock Quotations

Pic l UR 0"‘ iiu\:~i'l"i-:i*

K()l).-'\K

.‘i.il- ,ii ‘.1 THE REID STU NIONC ON,N

Pivotal New ' Montreal A york Spock, Stock Market ' (cu-Am “u” lady-gut A . . . . . . f)?’ __

Dom Bridge

Dom Steel C0 Int Nickel .. McCall Front Montreal Power

Anaconda .. Atchlsuu ., Auburn Molar Beth Steel Uniiudu Dry C P ll. .

, Nnt Brew . . . . ..

(‘use . .. Quebec Pow ... . .

Clicllnelks and Ohio . Bhuwlnlgsn i, film 0n i wiuiunsg iei . 1:

Corn Product; '. '

winivimru. June 15~The pro-nest o! Wlflll weather in western Pounds. into strength nl. Chicago sud fair

Pub Sol‘ N 1' lllen at Count‘ lit wheat for export

lrMIlw nlii- lhorgucnt were not with ouItAther elttect.

varnoo wheat closed 1A t d hlrlier. Broomtilill cabled the 331";- nn Government had prohibited export at all wheat and wheat flour on ac- popnt n! drought conditions, boats 911B reported unable to get up

M T’L. UR

(Canadian Press)

the terms of Corifederati - . lends Carrying their case (fbltllef tiillfollncc m‘ ‘he legislation under which Confederation was formed lgfl pztsgied filfnnslelfheoffiljewfirllnswich w“ mg“ b1’ *1“ Wins Org-iv: this action. y o amt Jo n’ T°w“’ ‘"4 M11111¢ii>a1iiies. to take The total deficit of the Canadian National Railways last

year ‘lg: 0v“: $96’ =°°° °Y 311N151 $009 per head of the populatign,

mam emu“ ‘If the ca‘ Fe"? 15 Ewen out as an o cratin

1°“ °f 3232-92586 for last year. This should not be so ti-p t d g designated a5 it i8 part of a. treaty bargain between the Db“? ‘m of Canada and Prince Edward Island The Proving flgldion Edward Island bmlght 811d paid for this service whe as: trmcd Confederation in i873. The Canals cost from glnzoogggocri $14,000,000 per an-num to operate and maintain but’ eld o hear of any such operating loss?‘ given out {or “$1,, c035,“, o pm The Car Ferry Maintenance cost is equivalentpto less tha who“. head of the population of Canada, though the service onl ncgrflel: to operation forty-three years after the Province eiiteyred Con- federation. What has caused the greatest financial burdc i Calla-Ila. and the Railway Cumpany i5 largely the result of d?‘ ‘i; c3501! 0f Railways and construction of many u-nnecessar bragoh lines in other than the Maritime Provinces. Was a du ligation of a YallYVBY ever constructed in the Maritime Provinces?!) What the Maritimcs ask is a more equitable distribution of railway oxpondi. t?" and at m?“ the Prlividliig of services as guaranteed under tie Confederation Pact, whereas our citizens have been taxed to contribute to the other Provinces living iii railway luxury while the “Island” service has been curtailed, starved and throttled In other words, the Canadian National Railways‘ Mflllagfifllflllli’ the sub-contractor, have claimed that traffic does not warrant col-lain services that are being continually advocated and their Manage- ment admitted before the Duncan Commission that they paid no regard to the Terms of Confederation. How can the Province have any great volume of traffic when for forty years the Pru- Vlhfi! had no service to develop it, and since then obstacles such as unfair and inadequate service and excessive charges have cor- tailed and retarded our natural development? Pi-ingg Edwgil-d 1513M. ‘M15011, is the victim of an extraordinary situation-being deprived of an Opportunity by the Dominion of Canada's failure to first supply the service guaranteed so as to develop our resources and keep pace with the rest of Canada, and then finally to penalize the Province for the Dominion’s own default, as regards the obli- gation it assumed under the Confederation Pact.

An CXIf-"ict from the Report of the Senate Tburist Conlmittce is as follows : “Serious in its effects is the incidence of ferry rates, particularly those on motor cars. This was impressed upon the Committee: and the case of Prince Edward Island Car Ferry rates on motor vehicles was urged as an example. Smallest of all the Provinces, Prince Edward Island is the one Proviiicc of Canada that must be reached across water, and it is not difficult to apprec- iate tlic importance of this matter as affecting that part of tho Dominion. Moreover, as it was pointed out, it is lhc earl-curb 0f Hm Canadian partnership that ferry rats: and service; ll; and from the I’roziilica should In: such as to relieve if, insofar as possible, of the disadvantages of its island position and anything short of this] makes for iiislilarity.”

The Senate Conlniission clupllasizctl that it is the cssciicc of the Canadian partnership that fcrry rates and service; to and front the Province should be such as to relieve it, insofar as possible, of the disadvantages of its island position. In other words, the effic- ient and continuous stcanl communication, uiilliter and simi-ulrr, giilirqiilecd us in the lermsof Confederation, was for the purpose of making Prince Edward Island an integral part of Canada. Our contractor, therefore, being the Dominion of Canada-mot the ' Canadian National Railways—it will now, perhaps, be bcticr understood and appreciated why the Province of Prince Edward Island refuses to be made subservient to tlic sub-contractor, the‘, Railway Coliipaiiy, whose I-lcad Officials admitted before thel Duncan Coriiniissioii in i926 that they were only concerned from an,

terms did not have any bearing or influence 0n their mailagciiielit of the Atlantic Division. The Report of the Senate Conimittc, as quoted above, is the best endorscmnt the Island could have for all the efforts that have been put forth over a period of years, to plaice this Province oil the road to prosperity; for after all, Transporta- tion, whether it is adequate and efficient or the reverse, coilvcys the conlmercc and life blood of the Nation. It is well known it'll-at happens when the blood strcaiii meets Wlfh all obstacle, either, ’ complete or partial, Is it too much to expect, at this late date-i forty-three. years since the Island entered Confederation-Altai our ' demands for efficient and continuous service be carried ollt im-l niediately, in accordance with the recommendation of the Senate ' Tourist Coriiiilittee? Prince Edward Island holds a definite docu- mentary contract from the Dominion of Canada and which tliel latter are morally and legally obligated to carry out, in letter and spirit. It is not a question of party politics, and all citizens should‘ be united‘ill insisting that this lon deferred matter of fulfilling’ ollr rights under the Coilfedcrntion act be pressed by the Province to a satisfactory conclusion without further delay.