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1 their families with

afofthe women to be disposed of.

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’ cusmnenan’fificonduur. ’ asivnnv.’ _

The basis of Mr. Cr‘fiutnii‘han’s xtew is, that there, ! .

a style of agriculliire, b‘rraiber of husbandry. adapted If every region; andthat the closer this natural method is adhered to, the more successful will be the ‘ results. \Viih Englishmen the inculcaiion ofthis principle is more necessary. than with foreigners, since," go where glitzy will, they persist in introducing their o\vn habits, how-

} ever improper; never making a change till after severe «Marianna then changing no more than they can help. A man in Australia, forgetting he was in the Southern hemisphere, laid out his garden with a South- e’t’tt'r aspect, which is there equivalent to our North ; and when asked why he did so, replied, he did so at home! When Englishmen visit another country, they immedi- ~at‘é'ly criticize agricultural practices and implements by ' their own standard, without regard to the nature of the gums climate; though, very often, that Wlllch seems

or ll'relllol 10L lhflEnglish finstrum‘ent is much superior for

tho iir es it is I lied to. .

“Bfnming,” sayihphln Coxswain“, “are Englishmen more proud than the superiority of the English ploughs; their constant exclamation, on seeing those of other coun- tries, being ‘ flow is it that no one has introdugod the Eu. 1:! ilh plough ?’ It has, however, been introduced into many foreign parts, and in many of them thrown neide, on account ofits not answering so well as the plough 'ol the country, while at the some time much more expensive. In Malta, for instance, the, land is very light and friable, and conse- quently-a plou h ofinfiuitely lighter and t‘hcaper construc—

ion than the nglisli one is found to suit every pi_irpOsc;

consisting“ it does, simply ofa tapering piece_ol wood, (without motild- ard,) pointed with iron, into winch a ban- dle is inserted, so that the ploughinan holding this in his right hand and the reins in his left, \Vlll turn over much more ground in a day with his team than an Lnglisli plough of five times its weight (and price) would accomplish. .

“ When iawhili, I chanced to make the usual obs’crvution, ‘ \‘V by don’t the introduce the Eu lisb plougli when l was iiilbrmed t at it had been intr need by an intelligent

5‘? Englishman upon his'own property, biit abandoned after a fair trial ; the land worked by it being found to produce .no better crops iii moist years than that worked by the Cllllmll dough: while, during dry years, the loud worked by the latter reduced a crop, though ollen a scanty one, and that

‘ workeifby the former produced none at all.

“ To anv Done who has witnessed the workings of the two pl onghs, the cause of failure in tho‘English one in my years must bcsoon apparent, as by means ol 'IIS mould-board the dry upper soil is turned down and the moral. under sod hier up; so that a lar re amount of ground moisture is naturally expended by the nglisli mode ofplougliiiig, which is saved in the Cliilian, from the Chiliitn plough havnig no mould- bourd, and consequently simply stirring the sod like 'a bar- row, leaving the relative positions of the dry upper soil and moist tinder soil nearly the some as before, thus giving a great advantage to the Cliiliun mode in dig] years, by the less exhaustion of the ground moisture enabling the crop to be brought to maturity with a less supply of rain.”

, EADINESS or raicr-zs unnnn IRRIGATION. . 1n Engnd, irrigation has only been applied as yet in a partial do to the growth of grasses; no wonder, there- ore, that it should be unknown in all the English Colo- nies, except, I believe, Jamaica and the Ca e, where it is offoreigit introduction. In countries, indec , where ll‘l‘l-

gation is practised, and irrigating-water abundant, failures of

crops can seldom take place, in consequence of their being independent of rain for their maturation; while in such countries also bread—corn and culinary vegetables fluctuate

; r little in price, frotn the certainty of production by irrigation

enabling the grower to regulate the amount produced, with- out fear ofcausing a scarcity on the one hand or a super- abundance on the other.

In Egypt, the scri tural “ land of plenty,” and in Western Peru, in both of. w ich rain rarely falls, and consequently the or? are wholly dependent upon irrigation, bread varies

glint in rice in the absence of internal troubles; while

It Malta, cu innry vegetables can Iquys be had in abun-

dance throughout every year, however dry, the largest cab-

bagcs never exceeding a penny per head, and every other

similar article in proportion, even ditring “IQWEHCO of a

fleet ofsevcral thousand men—all the product's; firrigation. Tire anvan'raos or soars. ‘

An Englishman on visiting the Mediterranean countries, and finding goat’s milk nearly everywhere in use, to the ex- clusion of that of the cow, is apt to ascribe this to prejudice: but on further research, he will find that it is more digestible than cow's milk, and hence more suitable to warm coun- tries; and that a far greater amount of milk can be obtained from a iven space of ground pastured by goats than when pastured by cows, in consequence ofthe goat feeding upon many things the cow either would not taste or that would prove poisonous to her.

The Malta goat frequently gives ten pints of milk per day in the height ofthe milking; while in the case where a milch-cow was required at Smyrna, several herds were tried, and the greatest quantity procurablc was two pints per day from a single cow. -

In many parts ofAustralin, therefore, (particularly in the bushy ground near Sytlncy,) goats might, with great advan- tags, supplant the coin for milking purposes; while the flesh of some of the breeds, differing little from mutton, would still further enhance their value. ‘

. p f» a House or Loans, Oct. 5.

Eur ' .-'-—Lord Baovonau said he wished to.ciill the atten- tion of‘ r lordships to the state of slavery in the East Indies. He would read an extract from the report of the commission- ers, which strikingly ointed out one of the consequences of slavery in India. he ractice to which he alluded had only regently been hroug t to light, and was described in a re- port to‘the commissioners by Major Sleeman. The description was under the head Megpunnaisni, which this gentle man des- cribes as a art ofa notorious practice for the purpose of get- ting slaves. t is stated in his report :—-“This system of mur- dering indigent parents for their children has been flourishing since the siege of Bliurtpore in 1826; and the cause of their confining their depredations to this class of people seems to have been the at demand they found for these children in all arts of e country, and the facility with which they inveig ed their parentsvinttrtheir society. They were in the

H habit of'disposing ofthe female children. thus obtained for ~>§%e_ry large sums, to respectable natives, or to the prostitutes the different cities they visited, and they found this sys~ tem more lucrative than that of murdering travellers in good circumstances, and less likely to be brought to the notice of the local authorities, as inquiries were seldom- made after the victims by their surviving relations. These gangs, contrary to the custom of those whose pro— -cee(lings are now so well-known to us, invariably take them on their expeditions; and 'the

female members of the gang are employed as inveiglers to win the confidence of the emigrant families they hill in with on the mad. They introduce these fatnilies to the gang, and they are prevailed upon to accompany them to some place-suitable for their designs upon them, where the par- ents are murdered by the men, while the women take care ofthe children. Aller throwing their bodies into the river, or otherwise disposing of them, the men return to their women in the camp;aad, when the children inquire after their parents, they are told that they have sold them to cer- tain members of the gang, and departed. If they appear to doubt the truth of these assertions, they are deterred from further inquiries by a threat of instant death. They are allowed to ‘associote freely with the families of the ‘ murderers, andin a few days their grief subsides, and they become reconciled to their fine. The female children are firmer adopted by members of the gang, or sent in charge,

hey find a ready sale many of whom are con- murderous trade, and all India to traffic in child- bildren to the prostitutes become acquainted with

for themamong the Brinjarahs,

‘neeted these gangs in their of them are well known in Upper ren. These Brinjarahs resell the c of the differ-9Q, cities, who soon

.533.

ifiurdering travellers for their chil ren,_ uiegpiinnaz’ thei- was asked,“ Q. You have stated in yopr variotuzgfilefi, “ions that you inroriablyépreserve the childrell 59 may], Are you not afraid that these children Will disclose the manner in which you got them, and thereby_g§t 3°“ into trouble ?—A. We invariably murder our ~ Victims it night, first taking the precaution to put the children to sleep; and in themorning We tell them that we have pin-chase” them from their parents, who had gone 93' and left theiu- Khema, alias Nursing Doss, another of this gun-goal Si “Alter the capture of Bliurtpore, Nonoo Sing B’rinjartth, and four 0th. Byrajees, residents of Kurroulee, camfa to me with four travellers and their four children, and iiiVitcd me to participate in their murder, which 1 consmited t0, and with the assistance of my gang we strangled the Witch? of them, preserving the lives ofthe children, whom “‘6 801‘] at Jerpore for 120 rupees, half of which was divided among the members of my gang. After this affair I resolved on selecting for my victims the ponrest class of travellers, and murdering them for their children, for whom re was 50 great a demand in all the great cities.” Here t was an instance of the commission of five murders for the purpose ofselling the children into slavery for the miserable pittance of 120 rupees, or £12. Another of these murderers, Javen Dass, said, “ I lefi; my home with a gang of forty Thugs: and proceeded to Hussecogungc, whet-c lleern Doss and Rookinunee went to the city ol'Muttrii for the purpose of buying some clothes, and succeeded in winning the confi- dcnce of fotir travellers, two men and two women, With their three children, whom'tlicy brought with them to Our encampment ; after passing two days with its, Teella Doss, Miitllioo Doss, Byrojccs, and Down Ilookriia, ’I‘eelake, Gun— garam, Bi'injarahs, Balluck Doss, Cliutter Doss, Neptit Doss, and Iltiiiooniaii Doss, prevailed on this family to accompnny them to the banks of the Jiiinnn, and murdered the four elderly travellers in a garden near the village ofJokool ;aiter throwing their bodies into the Junina, they took their three children to the taiitla, or encampment, of Dewa Brinjai‘nb, near the village otheir, and sold the two female children, for forty rupees, and the male for five rupees." There- fore these murders were committed for little more than four pounds. The next deposition to which he should refer was that ofa woman, who declared,“ we now went ofi‘to Tliuneiseir, where we encamped in a grove on the bank of a tank, and here several parties of travellers were inveigled by the wives ofthe leaders ofour gangs to come and take up their lodgings with us. I, A Chumer, with three dangli- ters; one thirty years ofoge, and the others young. 2, The widow ofa carpenter, and her son, ten years of age. 3, A llrahmin and his wife, with one beautiful (daughter four- teen yeurs old, another five, and a. son six years ofagc. 4. A Brohmin and his wife, with one daughter about fourteen, another twelve, and a son three years of egg. These tra- vellers Iodged‘for two or three days among the tents ofthe Nneks and Brinjarabs, after which we all went to it village on the bank of the Jumna; and two hours after night, Kaner Dass proposed that we should go down to the sacred stream of the J umna, say our prayers, and remain there. They all went down accordingly, leaving me, Roopla, and his second wife (Rookmunee) at the village. They murder- ed the seven men and women, and threw their bodies into the river; hilt who killed them, or how they were killed, 1 know not. The Chumar and his eldest daughter, the two Brahmins and their wives, and the carpenter’s wife, were all murdered. They brought the nine children back to us a watch and i1 half before daylight. A daughter and son of the Bi-ahiniii’s were extremely beautiful, and these we left with Dhyan Sing for sole. \Ve came on to a village a coss distant from Becbccporc. Here it trooper come up to Bee- bccpore, saying he had heard of several people being murdered, and suspected us of the crime. The head men of the village of Bcebecpore, and some of the Bi-injarahs, came to our camp with the trooper, and assured him that he must be mistaken, as they know us nll'to be very honest, inoffensive people; and, taking him back to Beebeepore, they treated him with great consideratio and he went away apparently satisfied. A woman w o keeps prosti- tutes came from Kurnaul, and purchased and took away all the children. One boy was purchased by an elephant- driver, who took him of u )0" his elephant; and another was purchased by a m‘ussu man. All the rest were taken ofi'iii covered carriages, by the prostitute, to Kiirnaul. 1 should know all their times again were I to~ see them. At Thuneiscir, Goorbuksh and his party got six or seven tra- vellers, with their six or seven children, at the some time we got ours, and the parents weic all murdered at the some time and place that the parents ofour children were murder- on the batik ofthe Jiimna. He also sold his children, through Dliyan Siiig,nt Beebeepore. There were several petiple from Beebecpore concerned with its. \Vc came back to chree, in the J litijjua N awab’s territory, and three or four days afier Goorbuksh came to us, with one of the boys he had kept for himself out of his booty.” The confession of Roopla Jemadar, relative to the sole ofthe children whose parents were murdered near Kurnaul :—-“ Three of the children whose parents were murdered at Kurnaiil were sold to Einainbuksb, who keeps prostitutes, and lives at a village about four coss fi‘otn Kurnaul. Tbanah, zemindar of.he village of Beebeepore, takes five per cent. on every child he disposes of for us.” However strong language might be, it sinks to com arutively nothing in attempting to give utterance to the fee ings of anger, bittcxncss, and hor- ror, which must fill the breasts of their lordships at hearing the existence of such a state of things. It was superfluous for him to proceed further, as it Was impossible for him to find anything more striking, or more distinct, than the state- ments offhcts by these monsters in human form on their ex- amination as to the commission ofsuch crimes. lIe trusted that his noble friend at the head of the India department would take the despotcli of 1838, to which he had just re- ferred, into his consideration, and that the steps that he would adopt would lead to measures that would accelerate as much as possible the abolition of such atrocities. (llear. Lord ELLENBOROUGH observed, if learned friend looked more narrowly into the subject to which he had udverted, he would find that the atrocities which he had described were more mixed up with the sys- terii ofThuggcc than he seemed to think. Noble lords were aware that the Thugs mode it a matter of great pleasure to commit murder, and that many of them even thought that they were doing good to their victims by sending them to another world. The whole exertions of the government had been directed to the suppression of Thuggee, but he feared their attempts had not been altogether successful. With this feeling, then, the Thugs murdered the parents, and probably preserved the children from some indefinite feeling of pity. As for preserving them for the purpose of selling themzas slaves, the value of children in this respect was little or nothing at all. lftlie crimes were perpetrated for the purpose of getting money by the sale of slaves, these parties would get infinitely more by preserving the parents, and selling them as slaves. In the year 1833 parlia- ment had directed the government of India to make in- quiries as to the state ofslavery in India, in consequence of which the law commissionersin India had thoroughly inves- tigated the stibject, and bad furnished their reports. These documents were at the present time under the considera- tion of the governor-general ofIndia, who,me loeal know- ledge, and facilities of obtaining information, was much

better able to prepare a low on the subject than the parlia- ment at home. '

I . TUNIS. _ I‘he. dispute between the Porte'and Tunis forms one turn- mg—pomt tor tlscussmn, as it is maintained that France

requires to support her influence in that quarter with have] strength. ‘

The following remarks on tb have been much q’uoted— \ . “The Bey of Tunis and the Pasha of Tripoli had berg: foralong time independent of the Porte. Their position with respect to the Sultan was analogous to that ofthe De

of Algiers before our conquest. At a certain time, ml

e subject, from the Presse,

the Pasha occupying Trip V,

that if his noble an v

; T. ' «T. . -7 " ' a. ' ' - . :4 determine} . ,1 .. ~.: x . c - them more subject todta ' - _ y e . ‘ 1.583% 1 'mir, Bonny-Wk!“ ‘0 “Filer -. . r -“ .jt could_not .th°i,f:e6h:§vesihv§tgordi : ‘ 9535333? eyesiilli-ever Edgar secgfideiltnngfifgltfigflceagm, itédwfiaflmack ,mholf, ome ~$iiiegfigeu3§ifiebesefigiiil§astssav “ We callgih'gtsrade, viz. Turks at TriPOl‘i 0" me 23‘ l o y’

‘ ' h countr favoured the d _ _ _ willli‘fgtlibfrt ntiid sonyoftlie late Pasha disputed, the su

" l ' he town and i '. The fmor was shut tip in. t, ‘ ' 2 ,v ' lirisliiitlafgia inpossessioti of the country. 1he I‘uikisli

. - u‘ n ‘ need to Sidi All, Admiral, firstapha medal. fildmllll’eagg’uught. him succour»

' ' ~ ' d by this declaration, ' his rte how. , deceive ' legtailitsat'l‘urkisth troops fake possess‘ion of the town, and. win: so imprudent as to visit the Admiral indliis sliip(.3 T133113“; ’ - t in a few ays to ons- - was kept prisonei, and sen _ A we nephew he ‘- ' '.died in obseurity. s to _ ‘ , ple’ Where ' iid the Port reseized its old was soon brouaht to reason , a . ‘ ‘ E- autliority upon bthis Regency. The Boy. of Ttllllliassfilbldlue mained to be subdued: the Porto hod‘h gieot Wis I it. as it‘liad done Tripoli.

Encouraged by its first success, it sent a second squadron to Tunis,

under the comqu‘n dlof ' ' ' to reduce the ey )y " n' Pasha who had instructions . . tidiiitinwor by force. But France had learned his preject D sent Admiral Hugon from Tou

n with a French squadron, which came before Tunis lll

, at the some time as Tahir Pasha. The latter thought'f it prgdeflt tpl tui‘zlltlllglll‘fil; ' " ' ' e trenwt en lo - nd sailed to Tiipoli,_wlieie hi. 5 _g .I I I hf the Porte, shaken by internal factions. Afi'aits reiiii‘iriéilgcll in this state during a few yearszithe Porte has so times renewed its attempts,

at H

and especially undo-r the minis— try of Count Mole. They have always failed bcifmgl I‘lleit::|tll: mile of France. In these last times it ‘appeaids hIp Tull-u. tended to put its old projccttnto execution,an t at, .end Pasha was ordered to sail to Tunis, after havmg pti [Eu 1 e to the insurrection of Candie. France, fpitlitul to t‘: stal‘;_ policy, has again tried to'hindei' the reaction so tune it 623w ed by the Ports. For til-IS reason, M. Leroy qu pen a “d weeks ago to Tunis With an. importing nava. . 0ice,p1 I 'I‘ahir Pasha, convinced ofthe inutility of his sailing’ghit ei , abandoned the idea, and returned to Constantinople. «

ATTACK on THE PALACE AT Mannie—During the 6th and 7th October, rumours come into the capital'of \vhutdwas passing in the North. The Government i00.( tmmde ipfe precautions to prevent a surprise; the gates, weie only guarded, the posts strengthened, and. reinfoiccments Wcie called in. Several Colonels whose fidelity was suspected were dismissed—among others, Colonel Perez, and ‘fifty of- ficers of the Guards: and the garrison of the capital was thus doubled by the recall of the troops around. Financial measures were also taken: the stamp-duty was given to M. Safont for 17,000,000 of reols, and the salt—duty to M. Salaman for 50,000,000. On the night of the 7th, the drums suddenly beat, and firing. was heard. Don Diego Leon, Aspirnz, and other Christinos, With some ofthe dismissed oflicers and a body of men, stormed the Palace, and endea— voured to seize the Queen. Eleven companies of the Princess’s regiment succeeded _in forcing an entrance, and theybiirst door after door until they reached the Queen 5 bed chamber. They were vigorously repulsed at first by the only eighteen Halberdiers stationed in the Palace; and from first to lost, the battle, says one account, lasted from eight o’clock in the evening until four in the morning. At length the assailants were surrounded by troops, which Es- partcro commanded in person, and the slaughter was hor- rible. During all this'time the Queen and her Sister re- ninined on their knees calling loudly for help. The musket halls even penetrated into the room ; and Senora Mina, it is said, found it necessary to take precautions to protect her young charges from being shot. While the firing continued, the‘ young Princesses said repeatedly,“ When mammo comes to know all this, she will write to Espartero to punish the wicked men.” At length the Palace was cleared- Eighty ersons were seized, and eight were summarily shot, . he only person of note who was taken was Briga-' diet-‘Norza Gucray. At nine o’clock next morning the troops of the garrisonan the National Guard defiled before the Queen, who was standing at a balcony of the Palace, with her sister, the Regent, and the members of the Go- vernment; and the soldiers saluted the Queen with enthu- siastic in'vas. At ten o’clock, Madrid had resumed its usual aspect, and tranquillity was completely restored. Esparte- r0 had issueda proclamation, declaring that Government had taken steps to suppress the insurrection, and that the laws would be energetically enforced.