7.1;}: 5'0

'a crisis had not been faced, and no difficulties which-their prede~

CASE FORT.

(By a Special (jimlributon)

n.

A lecturer on history, speaking to students of one of our Eastern Colleges about the present day problems of these pro- vinccs, told tlieni there had been no decade of their history in which

ccssors had not overcome. The Sydney Post isiiot concerned with controvcrting this position. In the main it is true, but certain of the difficulties which were believed to have been overcome/have reap~ pcared. (ioing back to what has taken place within the memory of mien. thcsc provinces were pre-eminent as builders of wooden ships and as sailors and niaster_mariners, but steel replaced wood. sic-liners drove the sailing vessel from the great highways of tlic scri! .~\ llt'\\' zuljtistmcnt had to be made. It was about coincident Willi a new direction in our trade. This had been with New ling- land. The abrogation of the Reciprocity Treaty broke up this trade. l‘rohibitivc duties of the U. S. destroyed our commerce iii coal and t)llll'l' commodities. Confcderatioit was brought about. Rail coniiiiiiiiiczitioii with Uld Canada was necessary, and the lllltfl" colonial was built. It was hoped that ititerprovincial trade would take ilii- place of trade with the liasterti States. Trade did devel- ope but (‘Ctlllllllllc forces were against is being an unmixed bcne~ ﬁt. Tirade goes to tlic bigger place with the larger portion of its CllnllTlllUr§ close at hand. This was the position of the Maritimcs and [Quclict- and flntario. The Central Provinces took our tradc. Iiccaust- tlicir population was relatively dense,~tlieir factories larger, lll'.‘il' possibilitics of expansion East and West; ours was only in one direction. Thcrc arc some who believe that our present troubles would end with a reduction of rail rates. \Vc do not agrcc with tlicni. Lowi-r rail ratcs would orilv make it easier for Western industries with their higher fl('\(‘ll)j)l1l('lll to further embarrass ours. Thcrc is nothing new in this process of‘ industrial develop- nicnt. The railways in linglzinil built up great centres at thc ex- pense of smaller places betwetn. The Grand Trunk when it was first built, ziggrztinlizeil .\lOI1ll'l'Zll and Toronto, but reduced to in~ significance a half score oi ﬂourishing and independctit centres be~ twecn these citi lt was the same in the United States.

ltur iliffictilfics wcrc further aggravated by tlic existence of the Si. Lawrcncc, a grczit waterway beyond us. Ilad the coast line of tzina la run north without a break to Labrador, our ports would have bccn the .~\tlantic gateways to all thc Dominion; as it i. wc are iii :i jiockct i tn thc one hand is tlic high t.'iriff wall 0i the I'niti-<l,.St:ift-s through which can only enter easily our brain and our brrfivii : on thc other is tlic St. Lawrence which gives tlic priiviuccs wcst of the blarititnes a bcttcr chance than ours in world tradc. bcttcr because thc water bornc traffic is carried for a fifth of th" cost of rail. better because it reaches nearer‘ to the denser population with relatively cheaper production and with greater pnrchasingg |)()\\'Cl'.‘

The unrest and dissatisfaction iii the blaritinte Provinces to- day is diu- less to thc actual concrete loss of employment than to .1 fear that lllc prick-rt iii which we are conﬁned may become a stag- nant lJi\\l\\\'-'ll('l'.

‘ \\'e havt‘ l1l(‘f(‘l)’ iudicafcil some of thc things which give risc to this fcar. Sonic of fhcni are tlifficulties we cannot control. (icogr:qiliv ilcti-riiiincs our position relatively to our neighbors and to our fcllow citizens who compctc with us. -

\\‘c cziiinorciititrril the tariff policy of our neighbors with their (‘ilfllPT tlt"v't'ltij_i_lltt'lll and their present poptilation- oi oiic hundred iilllliniis agiiiiisinoitr nine. We rcgrct but must cudurc the fact that they fcar lll"'t‘ltﬂtllf‘lllll)ll of our producers, and take what comfort we may from llli‘ complitncnt that they make easy thc access oi o“; peoplo and djffiiult that oi-all others. , ' _

; \\'c cannot control tlic general tendencies of people to go into thc v_n_ew country. nor of jicoplc. t0 scck a livelihood iii easier coii- ditioiis. New liiigliiiirl was uncc grcat at sea, ifs totinagc began to illllllllisll long bcforc thc dcprctlafioiis of thc. Alabama. Tlic enterprising of their people who in the eighteen forties went to a-a, in thc fifties had turned their fact-s to the opcltitig West and thc gold ﬁelds of the Pacific Coast. There is no reason why tlic ﬂllllt‘ impulses should not ziffcct Canadian. Nor can we control what has happcticrl in fhc past.

The rcal aim of thc lntcrcolonial was to promote intcrpros vincial trade. To do this cffcctively it required to be tlic moat dircct and casicst route possible. livery other coiisidcratiott should have l\(‘t‘[l subservient to this. llut local considerations put tlic “f irccian llciid" in if and tnadi- it longer. With a vicw to helping a local industry; the Lotidoiiilcrryi Iron Works, it crossed Follcigli Nlriuiitziin lll\lt‘ll(l of keeping _Ill tide level. That industry died, and wi- liavc paid millions and are still jiayiiig, for that ntistake. \\'c have paid [Fits of millions through thc road being run as part of the political machine with‘ all the evils of patronage. For ycars biprlllﬂlllll got a rate for coal to Quebec jirnviiict- which lost nioncy for llﬂfiféllltllily)’ and only ilisplaccil Cape Breton coal.

lint what has kcpt us back most of all has been party politics. Good and lcss good qualities in our people have made them unduly proniincnt in our life. They have beeryrof the highest inigortancr- in various" phases" of our development. licy have tnaintained their jtfffiflllzllfj”“'lll"ll political issues wcre trifling and then their off- npring has liccii (lissension, animosity, false perspective as to tlic rclativii iiiqyortijiici- of issues and of aims.

The prcsgnt unrest is a sign that thc minds of our pcoplc are turning to tlic material upbuilrling of these provinces, so that they will .'itlract~pciqili- from tifhcr countries; so that their itidtistrics will be varied and therefore stable. That place is in the fort-front of what w" aim at, as iinport.'int in present conditions, as the educa- tioiial. fhcqiliilanthropic, the religious, activities which our people have cvcr cherished. (Jnce the wish to build up the. Maritinics bc» comcs a living force in otir pcople, the things which unite will b:- paraniotnit, not the things which divide, and ways will open up for enterprise which iye cannot at present see.

In our lrtst-lctfer we stated that we should aim at, (a) increas ing our population‘ by keeping our own at home and attracting OlhPTs; (b) to Hal/c at their disposal (icctipations proﬁtable and intcrcstiiig, for no "on; works his bcst without thcst: incentives; (c) varicty, so that seasonal tinciiiployineiit, or trade ilepressions will not produce stagnation. The one industry town is not the most ivholcsoiiit“ economically or socially.

Lcf us takc stock of what wc have f0 offcr to the bcst type of jn-iiplc-—~tlicst~ we want. lcgiiniiiig with thc most important. \\'<- have an ordcri-rl and scttlcri Government, with as high a ilcgri-t- of freedom aisis known in any country. Uur towns and country are remarkably free from crime and poverty.

\\'r- have: school system, and a chain of institutions of higher learning. thc excellence of which is shown by the. successful men and ivonicn who owe their grounding to these seininarit s. 'l'hcrt: is one strctcli of road zilmut two miles in length on the border be- twccn Nova Scotia and New Ilruitsvcick which has sciit out to llarvarrl JllHl other tmiversititrs in tlic U, S. as well as to Canadian institutknis of learning. more professors and teachers than any similar community of which we know in Canada or the Unitctl Stair-s. ‘

In cluirclicsiiiid philanthropic organizations. the people sup- port lifk-rally‘ all that have approved themselves.

In material things we have a salubrious climate, which favours vigor in humanity, ﬂavor iii all the products of our orchards. our ﬁelds and our gardens, and quality iii our live stock.

We have reisiourccs in timber, in minerals, in coal, equal to any ili-vi-lojmieiit the most sanguine can hope for.

\\'c are the tiefrrtrst country to the great ﬁshing grounds of tln- Nortli Atlantic. We have a chain 0f ports almost within hail of each other along our whole coast linc. sititablc for this lI1(lll.<ll‘_\'.

\'\i'eLhave greater ports frotuany one of which the traﬂic of a

. .~Jn»l~niw'v~- -- . s .

continent could be carried on. They ﬁt in with our trade as it is ‘race as the people of Cape Breton, where this home indiistry is triﬂing. - '

Sydney lies on the route of steamers from the St.

developing. lt is a natucal port of call

Lawrence to all parts of the world. for the shipment in and out for Maritime business. St. Lawrence is closed, St. john and Halifax can serve the Dom- inion. They are the natural ports for trade with the West Indies. llow great are the possibilities of that trade is shown by the fact that of the Jamaican bananas eaten in Canada, over two million bunches, BUT ONE BUNCH OUT OI" EVERY THOUSAND is imported through a Catiadian port.

We have the only coal deposits on the Atlantic seaboard.

The steel works at Sydney are nearer every market in the hlediterranean or south of the Equator, than any steel works in the United States. ' -

The Panama Canal ope-is great possibilities to our foreign trade. \\'lien the Mtiritinics can produce in stiﬁicient quantity; commodities so high iii quality that they will command their share of overseas trade, so that these goods can form the nucleus of cargoes for steamers. Maritime pbrts will see at their dock the house ﬂags of the great shipping companies oi the \vorld_; and we may believe new ones of a restored merchant marine of these pro- vinces. Other freight in abundance will force grain to St. johti and Halifax.

Geographical position, climate, natural “resources, are ours. We are a people who abroad rather than at home have displayed the qualities which command success. When we once are de- termined to make these provinces prosperous we will work as hard at home, as our emigrants work abroad, and we have proved that we have men with the capacity for industrial leadership.

The British liinpire Steel Corporation had its origin in‘ a blacksmith shop in Nciv (ilasgow: lt grew. by degrees into the Nova Scotizi Steel Co, shaped by tlic same hands which formed it. Its leaders conceived ilie Dominion Steel Cﬂlllpilll)’. The two croni- panies have become onc—and while the steel trade is for tlic time being iii eclipse, no one who grasps the significance of the position of llcsco with its stipplies of coal and ore on the seaboard can doubt that it will bc one of tlic great industrial enterprises of the l)Oﬂlilll0ll. lt will do credit to the Pictou County men who dc- velopcd their modest opportunities, who had the Yenius to con- ceive, the power to carry oti these enterprises unti they becann- so large that outside capital was required for further development.

A half century ago two young carpenters after training and nioiicy saving in Boston came back to Amherst and started the smallest of wood working establishments. It grew and became. a great business, and formed tlic nucleus of a still greater company, which had to move to Montreal to handle its greater trade. The Rhodes and the Currys, thc Stairs and ‘the Frasers. and others wcre builders and their spirit is with us still.

\iVc touched in a previous letter on thc disadvantages of otir producers iii being in a coiiipaszifively sparsely settled country, with sortie hundrctls of miles, barrcn of business, intcryiening he» twccn tlicni and those parts of Canada with the greatest purchas- ing power, wherein their rivals ivcre situated. '

.\l0rc than one business flourishes, which proves that these jdisailvaiitagcs are not insuperzilile. In llaliiax is the largest sugar rcliiicry in Canada‘, in St, john is the tiiost niiidcrn. Nloirs Choco- lates have a l)OlllllllUll-\\’l(l(‘ sale and an exccllciit reputation 0ver~ seas. Stanlields’ products arc keeping people comfortable across the continent. lf these results can bc accomplished. and the re- sults obtained by such enterprises as tlic Amherst lloof and Shoe C0.. and others, quality and litisiiicss skill will niakc up for our position which somewhat handicaps us in rivalry with more west- ifll competitors. I

(itnc tiiorc cxatnplc: No business is more difficult t0 build up than liaiilting. Tilicrc irz- no short cuts in if, for pcrtiianctit success has its corticrstoni- in tlic confidence of thc public. Sui — ccssfitl management has to display a most delicate balance bctw- . caution and enterprise. 'l'hcrc arc four flanks in Canada ivlin-ii are prc-ctiiincnt for thc VﬁlFlllU of their resources (of thc ti-‘al zisscfs of the fourtccti Canadian Hanks. $2,o30,txio.o0<), these four own $i,l'§8<),0oo,o00), and thc widcsprcarl arca in which they carry on litisiivrss. 'l'hcy are represented in so many places (iutsi-lc‘ Canada, that they may fairly bc described as iutirrnzitionzil iiisiitu lions. ()f these four no less than two are Nova Scotian iti their origin. Iiach of them still retain a Nova Scotian clement of im- portance iii the personnel of their tlirectoratc and of their staff.

In a new concciitrateil effort to build tip tlic hlaritinies we arr- iiot penetrating an untroildcn wilderness. The present task is to make ividcr the roads blazed by our predecessors and put on them an ever increasing voluinc of business.

The Toronto Mail and linipire is, sound in its view and happy in its phrasing in a recent editorial. If writers of "the greatest of our national problems tlic rejuvenation of thc Maritime Pro- vinces, thc conservation of their people and the setting up of pro- gress where there is now stagnation."

lt supplements and confirms tlic views expressed in thcsc lct~ ters; particularly our view that what we want is rcjuvciizition, not transformation. 'l‘hcri- is thc tiiatcrial to work on, and if tlierc is not the brains to direct, and the skill to cxtrcutc. nothing that (iovcriiini-nts can do will zidcquately help us. \Ve showed in our last lcftcr not only what had been llOllf‘, btit what ivps being doin- now in tlic Maritime! in the way of itidustrial succe.. s, and wc iook only a few saliciit instances; nor did we touch on the fact that about half the Dominion acreage of set-d potatoes was iii the sniallcst of our Provinces, Prince Edward Island; nor that it had founded and developed a fox industry which now brings in niil- lions zinntially; nor that iii oiic Province alone not jire-cniiticntly agricultural, the value of its field crops was in i923 something over $zﬁ,r>0o,000, about ﬁfty (iOllilTS a head for cvcry member of its population. These stifficed to prove our position.

'l"hcse f.'icts also indicate the three lines along which we may expect ilcvelopnicnt. (the of thcni is that which progresses by the using of raw materials which are at hand; the second is the de- velopiiictit oi the itidtistrics which owe their origin to inventive skill and specialization. The third is quality, and it is the greatest of these thrcc. Wlliat ltave we in these provinces to work on?

FISII, LUIiIBIi/i’, Slllilil’ AN!) FRUIT

lt is wasting the readers‘ time to dwell on thc abundance. oi our fish and the excellence of their quality. The trade grows slowly, because speaking broadly, it has reached about the natural limits of its expansion. We are selling as much iisii as we can naturally expect. What is needed now to expand the trade is branded goods, and those branded with the names oi producers. (iur fish is good enough to warr.'tnt an appeal to the highest cl. ss trade, by its appeal to the highest class taste, an :ippcal tiiade not only by character in the goods". but in the way they arc packed. \\7e have ex.'niiplcs of this in Canada. The "Montreal Nlclon" lakes its place on the best tables of the United States, l‘ort dc Salut cliccse made at the Lake of Two Mountains by the Trappist .\'lO11l\’S is in the same class. _ Quebec cream cheese is so rare it luxury that the stipply is not equal to the local demand, and we once had oysters of the same quality but allowed our beds to de~ tcrioratc.

Fish is not the only product of our Provinces which can be ilevelojietl as rcgzirils quality. Uur mutton, when well bred. wcll grown, well killcil. will stand comparison with the finest tnutton of France and linglanrl. It is gaining in reputation and its market is cxtctirling, but it is nothing compared with what it might be. ltur wool is good, but cotiiparc the money which got-s into tlic Shetland Islands for knitted goods, made by women of the same

~ products.

(tur hardwood is suitable for furniture. and there is no place

When the in the Dominion into which supplementary foreign goods can more

favorably be imported. Design and craftsmanship make little of

freight r tes. _ .

Ourilmall fruits make up in savour for being ripe later, than their forestallers, but they go on the market without a name. Many a box of British Columbia apples is sold from the lure of its ap- pearance in a shop window, thousands of miles from the orchard. Are ou'r apples wcll enough graded, well enough packed, to make markets for themselves? We must aim to sell on quality and name. Quality means the highest price, a demand for special excellence is a demand which makes price a secondary consideration. (We think it quite possible the market gardener of Montreal or the Trappist Monks do not know the rate of duty oti melons and cheese.) Name ensures the producer getting the market the (pialify of his goods deserve. ‘ ' We therefore hold that if the hlaritimes go in for quality and keeping before the purchaser those who can be depended on to supply quality our trade will respond.

.»\s to special industries, they are dependent oti men, for in-

vcntion and for development. WTiat they may be here none can wcll say. Suiitzcrland is without coal but with imported fuel and imported raw materials she exported in l9zl, about $250,000,000 of manufactured goods. _Notwitlistantling mass production in the U. S, of watches, the Swiss watch still sells there ; ’so‘ do her linens and embroideries. Specialization and quality accomplish these things. They will reach the same results with us, when we find the right objects, and the right men to exploit them. ()ne new industry has originated in the blaritinies, fox farming. We can give examples of the itilliieiice of men. Three attrac- tire towns lie along the isthmus of Chignecto, with equal economic advantages. That three or four settled in Amherst has made all the iliﬁcrcnctr in the development of these towns.

Pictou was a comparatively; rich and flourishing town when ‘New (ilasgow was a village. :\ few nieti made New Glasgow an

‘industrial centre. while the other remains a residential town noted

for its Academy. The inert are with i.is. \\~’hen they can work together backed by their fellows to build up the blaritimes, with a conviction that reputation, profit and a sense of duty done arc theirs at home, they will remain with us andtransfortn this section of the Dominion. ' _

The litie of argument we ltave so far developed, with thc hope that we have made it plain to our readers, is that we have the inatcrizil to work on. and the people to do the work. This is proved by the fact that some grcat industries which compete with tliosc in Central Canada have bccn developed, and that at least onc new industry has been csmblislicil in one of our provinces. 'l'liat industry, fox farming, broke ncw ground, it had its cxpcri- mcnfal stage, its setbacks, its inflations, all overcome by brains and jiaticncc.

We hold that what we ivaiit is a tnultittidc of diversified en- terprises, not a few vcry great ones. These will come from tlic tifilizrttioii of iiiafcrials at hand. for tlic ilevclojimcnt of industry is tisua|ly' iii this way. (Tanada lc.'ids in paper production on ac» llllllll of her forests and water powers. /\ pioneer industry may aiccccil iii an lllllll\'(‘l_\' place. when it has liegmi with ztdvantagcs ovcr all coitipetifors, and retains a coninizinrling position by tlic ll'll(ll.‘llt‘y of business to ‘run in accustomed channels and by tlic accuniulzitiiiti of commercial and technical skill in its directors and artisans. such as ivoollens in Yorkshire..or cotton spinning in New linglanil. liut there are fcw or no industries capable of being workcd on a large scalc \\'llll'l‘- arc available for establishment iii these Lirovitices. (fanadzi has lII.‘1‘l1 ivell occupied with them.

\\'<- must look to growth in our smaller industrics, and in phases of our largcr ones which have tnirlr-rvzilitcil (lllltllly, for ar~ liclcs of spccial excellence have advantages over incdiocrt- tines. 'i‘hcy command a stcaily niarkct. 'l"lic_i' bring top prices. Tilicy are the last of all ziffccteil by tariffs. Can any reader name a country with a tariff high enough to shut out lircnch sardines? ‘ ' The last l7. S, tariff was designed to shut otit Canadian farm Its cffcci was disastrous to these interests for tlic time being-but some of our trade is recovering, that part of it which can supply stipciior coninioilities. The U. S. is again buy- ing our hard wheat in voluinc. Millions of pounds of Alberta butter arc going to such critical markets as Chicago and Philadel- phia. Quality will always tell in trade.

We are as conscious as are our rcadt-rs that we have been dealing with gctieral jirincijilcs. lt is time to dcal with thc prac- tical aspects of this vital matter, tlic rejuvenation of the Maritinies.

While general principles are trite in all trades. what makcs for success or for failure is the special knowledge, almost instinc- tive, of each business. This knowledge of any one industry we do not claim to possess. No one person has this intimate knowledge of every industry. '

Who have in these jirovitices special interest iii their progress? First, men of public spirit (proved by the support which is givcu among us to education, philanthropy and religion), who lnive ample tiieans, who are ititcrcsteil in the growth of tlic cotnmuni~ tics in \\'lllCll they livc. 'l'licy have business sense, in thc last ‘re- sort the most valuable of all qualities for building tip industry. Second, the llanks, which arc carrying on business, at over two hundred and eighty places in these jirovinces-rztthcr tiiore than the ntitnbcr of tnaiii linc stations bchvecn Sydney, llaliiax, St. john.and thc boundary of Quebec. Third, the ﬁnancial houses whose business it is to ﬁnd capital for expansion of established etifcrpriscs or for new ones. These have a lesser but still substan; tial interest in seeing sound development-here; zinrl. fourth, the Governments Provincial and Federal, have everything to gain by having people contented and prosperous. The public nccd leader- ship. The Post proposes cooperation among the four parties just named to give it, in substantially this manner.

Let there be chosen a committee of three or live men of high character, of business ability proved-by success in their own af- fairs. Charge flint committee with the duty of tiiaking an indus- trial survey of these jirovinces. The llanks and Financial llouscs might justifiably contribute to the expense of this survcy. The Governments could give the services as needed of their technicians and experts. This lvlziritiiiic. Industrial Survey would examine from the practical standpoint every tlistrict, and its industrial op- portunities. \i\'hen we say practical we mcau such as have chances of immediate business sticcess, a prospect of a fair return for money invested in thc expansion of established industry or thc founding of a new one. \\/"hcn we say money invested, we mean that every dollar of capital s=tock of a company approveil by them would represent a dollar in actual money, or actual appraised moneysworth. Till! capitalization oi prospective profits by issu- ing common stock at ten .or fifteen cents oti the dollar has been a millstone fastened on great enterprises ivhen they were swinnniug in a sea of itievitablc troubles.

This committee, possibly tlirotigli a sub-committee of repre- sentatives of investment companies would examine and advice on the ﬁnancial plan of the proposed etiterprises. Scores of pro- jects have been strangled because money enough has not been pro- vided, or has been provided iti a wrniig way to guard against tlic inevitable infantile diseases of industry. Of these tlie most fatal are, wrong estimates of time to completeyutlrl of. the cost of a plant. of the amount of working capital required. of tlic outlay required for publicity, and for getting a market. _

Als this committee are to be men who have managed tlicir own

affairs well, we fcel certain that no project would secure their ap-

proval which did not‘ have the right men to manage it, llﬂrii in which local people did not take a substantial cash interest’ i

of the pot oi gold at the foot of the rainbow. available, but the well informed believe that millions on inill‘ d" have gone out of the Maritiniea in margins which have nev-r dim} i‘ back, and to pay ior worthless shares in companies which tum" i misguided owners are at the ends of the earth. 0 ‘hi:

three striking advantages: .

but fellow men help those who help themselves. lack of sympathy with the cry for Maritime rights elseivher '

the Dominion itis because tlry have been put as a demand to lialli others do something for ‘us. We want to show that wc are lit-Iv)!‘ ing ourselves. This will surely beget co-opcration, while othsri are chilled by arguments drawn from the debates on COIIfUdPr-T tion. Then it would help to keep our own people at litmic. l iwqiiii on which we belicveour progress must be based, means indie 13'"): iii production, which means more labor; more potent than this ii’. that the new method in an old bitsiness or the new itidustry at lioincii

bl - ny No place hasiguﬁered more than the Maritimes from thc» in" Statistics arc int

The proposed survey made by the men prOposed, would hwe

lt would create sympathy withiour efforts. Not only the god;

lf there l5 any

supplies the novelty which etiterprizing yOll-(lrlongg for‘ mu] “ck afar when there is only monotony at home‘. i And, again, publicity given to the number of chances for ems. ployiiieiit, which ltave been RJXIIIIIIRKI and approved will zitlrict i immigrants to our midst. - i " ‘ The publication of the fnidtigs of the proposed [nqustrin] Survey would have a great dravting power. To put in the hand, of our lniniigratioit solicitors atcretlitcrl information about nu- i opportunities for tlevcloptnent anl expansion is better than olliciail propaganda. lt willappeal to lie people we want, those of our ' own races who at home would tiake good__if their opportunities were better. not the failires of tie U. K, and Nonhvrn pump__ _ Tihese people require selection bebre they sail aiul guidance wihq, thy land. Other COUIItFICe and lhininiotis are bidding for flit-m , The \\'csf of Canada ‘ins two: great railway systems eagerly) . get thcni on fllﬁlfillﬂﬁfi- Whit havi we to offer to offset lllL‘ cagcr~ ‘ ness of these roadsao get the settler ivliere he vrill produce tariff for them? lf he goes to (llllirio Ir gives them 50o or boo ﬂlllcs of haulage; if to Manitoba Illnut i500; if to Saskatchcivaii say 189i); ll l" AlllPrlﬁ illtolll 2200 Ilileﬂ; if to llrilislt Columhii some thing about 3000 iiiilcs 0f rail trtvil from the port wlierc lic ill)- einbarks or from which (when litbecomes a producer) what hi; exports will be shipped. No woi\-r the mails urge him to go West. Tihere is no corresponding agrm-SS with m" rm-py Th, newcomer znnotig us is within two QKfhfcQ Inmdrt-(l [nilr-c n; “m. of our main ports wherever lic may grin [In-gt geapryanj l,,,,,.i,k.,,$’. Hut we have an asset to offset this “en-Si 0f the l-uilwéwg‘ m, asset we have absolutely disregarded p m this present, Vllii our geographical position, nearer to (ircadirigain ma" ;‘I“Y'I);lrj n; settled Canada. This is an asset wihie is m; may {H} p p. mt available, and yet should be of great :u;m¢;,g¢-_‘

The settler of greatest use to us ism "m" wlm véllucg ,1“. ll05 Wllll hi5 "lfl llfllllc- ll!‘ "illlws '~‘-'I~"Y rid rapid comntuiiic-‘tlioii in person and by mail. lf lic is success“ mung], [0 "Um. m“. lic is thc best of immigration agents. I _

Could there be a stronger appeal to f», ljfnsyli<tivv kmigmm than to say to liiiii, “Tilicrc is‘ no part 0T fhtf)v¢r_q,._q_.~ |4:']ll]ir() with equal promise except these seaboard l)rov“cg.nf (gumqd “jwn. you can lcave your prospective home and la] in a [gimp pm _, week later." This is true now only in "twink-r gmgun “quq, mail steamers go to Sf. john and llaliiax.» 1v) my]; 1'1”; IIIARITVAIILS‘ Till/ZIR, RIGHTS I'I' All/STE]; 111,11”; '/‘/.’('/5 TIIROI/(IIIOL/T‘ THIZ 'I'lVIiI.VI3ll1()N'l'Il. 1pm»? m. giving St. john and llaliiax an inferior regular scrip yhroug|',.,m n“. year? That is not good enough, and as yet w,“ m,“ m,“ m" requircmcnts, for we want to be placed on an imply ﬁr Service with the \\'cst. This cati be by making a week CM] "I gvdnpv llarbor both inwards and ottfwarils of one ofhp pqrg-j (-1,... .\lziil Stczinicrs plying to the St. Lawrence.

As" things arc at jircsetit, thc Maritimes as fats ,-,m,mung,»_-,. lion with (ircat liritaiti is concerned arc the (‘lllqh-m in pm,- and travel of being north of Lake Superior. Fowyiipa,“ i. a thousand niilcs from Montreal. The jnissengcr ti,‘- (mm thc blaritiines is in cxtrcmc cases as far. To St. john Inn“. travel. an extra distance oi over 90o milcs and so oti in plonimh {m- hc jiasscs within one hundred niilcs of Sydney’. gr» m.“ pm hundred miles up tlic liulf and eight hundred tnilcs lk in- my, whereas at North Sydney he is about four htmdrcil q {wpmy miles frotn his destination. I

Moreovcn this can be done without loss to thc. Wcslp, mo; and i007 the experiment of a call was made. Thc lllillieaphfll Montreal earlier via North Sydney than had ever been m“ ‘t, gain to Montreal and all points West of from twclvt- from), four hours. In one case they saved a day to the Prairie ‘Pinna- by their earlier arrival in Montreal. They maile a (filler,- of eighteen hours in llaliiax over the carlicst ilclivcry ulnhud ever been tnade via Riniouski. All gained by an extra dm-c. for the steamer of less than 1' hundred miles.

Thc salient feature of modern commerce is its intcruiqni character. TIN‘. self-contained country is a backward niic. ii- ada is essentially an exporting country, requiring casy ilFVPo all the world. The Marifinies have been given an .'tilvaiitagn the map in relative proximity to Northern Europe, thc licsl "lr customers, the most fruitful source of desirable immigrants have allowed that advantage to slip away. A unitctl cllort ivc. restore it, and if two steamers a week should get coii'l“"‘~""l for, say, six hours extra steaming, the advantage of quii-kcr c" niuuictititiu for the hlaritiines and for the whole of taiillilil regards mail and passengers, would make tliis trifling.__ ‘

Thcrc has been tnucli discussion based on llt‘ll‘l'lll‘lll (It's-if that Cantidian products should be shipped ove " - s from t itllfltlltt» porits. Th0 desire is a natural one. There is an clcinciir ol tiatiotial pridc involved in it. There is the increase of businq-f; iii the port which gets the fradc, and the coninion sciisc of lll

country is aflrontetl by our vast expenditures on railways to flit-st-

S I

winter ports, with the result that these railways are not busy. “A li we wcre not trying to condense these articles an" ‘Iluch qﬂllllllPlllill

may be, it would be interesting to examine wihen llll. . _ _ N‘ attachment to the products of a country should cease to iiitcfjih -.i its patriotic inhabitants. Passing by this theme, ll 111")’ l"'[‘“i'ht_ that normally the (Iisposal of any property is in the ‘control ii m‘? person who has by purchase acquired ownership. 'l his is Ilt» '

of Canadian wheat as of any other property. (ialhcrcil from the .

. . , . . _ . . r:

fiirincrs lll_ small quantities it comes to the grain cxtliaiigcffnljlfi‘ y _

it is traded in in iluantity. Part is bought for nullinls’ l" "l yporl gfill‘

part and the larger part. is bought by petiple. in tlic c ‘I m“ ‘ trailc. 'l'hey may carry on business in “linnipeg. M""£""‘ kmeiul ston, (fliicago 0r New York. 'l'he_v are ready to supply tlic a

. . ~ ~ urs f ileniand for any kind of wheat. and if the American gull" lliftlhgi‘ see they can do business in Canadian wheat they do llhzlpmom .

s ,' ,

If the grain is sold, delivered overseas before p ‘I II)’ of shipincttl. I

llostﬂti. . sf and conveni-

regret. the owncr chooses the most advantageous w by St. john, Portland, Montreal. New York or chooses the route indifferently except as ‘regards co cnce. _. 5.-

This equivalent to saying that tlic co1<l‘l'."_“" rljjjjiiuﬂw equalized. If the cost to any particulan-por! I!‘ will‘: ‘he ﬁrs; stcamsliiji ratt- inust be lowered or vice versar We arc "york m, of these positions in the Maritiines. [lost and l\<‘\\'

_ _ . . r300 uiider four hundred miles from Montreal.» f ‘Ofllalld '5 midi.»-

(cominuut on Page Gown)