PAGE. FOUR THE GUARDIAN

-A.u.tliori:ed is Second Cluc mil rm omc. Department. Ottawa. The Island Gulrdiun Publishing Co.

Editor and Managing Director. Inn A. Burnett. Associate Editor. Funk Wniiser.

CIRCULATION "Coven Prince Edward llllml like the dew"

"Tho strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink".

CHARLOTTETOWN VVEDNESDAT. AUG. 5. 19.53

Tile other SldLilf Tile coin

Net foreign investment in Canada today is estimated at 5 per cent of our total na- tional wealth. That is a figure to be bal- anced against the statistics quoted by those Canadians who are worried that Canada has "sold out" to foreign financiers or is "dominated" by American capital. Ameri- cans have investments of 358 billions in Canada. admittedly a large sum, but where would Canada be today without. the help of foreign capital? It would have taken many generations of Canadians to have saved the money that is today invested in our industries.

And there is the other side of the coin. Canadians have invested abroad S37 bil- lions, including government credits. In tne linited States alone we hold S1.3'billions of long-term private investments. Our largest single foreign investment is in Brazil, ivliere ii Canadian company has grown to be one of the world's biggest public utilities.

This company, Brazilian Traction, has assets of nearly 3,800 millions, last year had a net profit of over 342 millions and paid more than 3514 millions in dividends. Nor is it an unrelated fact that Brazil, in addition to being a home for Canadian cap- ital, is a big buyer of Canadian goods. Last year that country ranked eighth on our world-wide customer list.

Canadians should welcome foreign cap- ital. as our investments are welcomed elsewhere. The free exchange of money be- tween countries promotes the exchange of goods. Also, foreign-financed industrial ex- pansion in Canada creates new wealth for Canadians to invest at home and abroad.

Tile iiouiicy Act

The bill to amend the Regency Act will be passed through the British Parliament at the beginning of next, session, before the Queen leaves for her Commonwealth tour on November 24. It will almost certainly be divided into two parts, says a London zorrespondent. One will deal with the re- gency. the other with the composition of the council of state, both of which are governed by the existing act. Whereas at present the regent is described as the first adult in succession to the throne-in prac- tice Princess Margaret-and no name is given, it will now almost certainly name the Duke of Edinburgh as regent and will give another name or set of names to act in case of Edinburgh's decease before the Queen. The regency only takes effect in the event of the Queen's death.

In the absence of the Sovereign from the country the council of state takes over. Both the Duke of Edinburgh and the Queen Mother, who are at present exclud- ed from the council, will be admitted un- der the amendment. The government has consulted not only the Commonwealth prime ministers but also the Labor party

of radio fading.

The second study will be of radio signals north of Saskatoon, leading to the third phase of the project-transmission of these signals through the auroral zone. "When the auroral zone is active, you just canit transmit high frequency radio waves through it," Dr. Morgan explained, "be- cause its absorption is so great."

The program, economically significant, will try to develop new techniques and types of signals that may permit an effec- tive transmission through the aurora, or! northern lights, when they are flickering. in the sky.

Ii. 3. Trade Measures

It is becoming difficult to keep an ac- curate count of the number of protests sent by Ottawa to Washington against restric- tive trade measures of one kind and an- other. There has been a series of such of-' ficial protests dealing with quotas already imposed on imports of Canadian dairy pro- ducts. The latest has to do with oats and certain salt water fish fillets. It is to be hoped, comments the Ottawa Citizen, that this particular stiff note receives more no- tice than its immediate predecessor, which somehow became tucked away in the state department files without any higher official knowing of its existence.

Part of the United States administra- tionls difficulties over imports of farm pro- ducts arises from agricultural policies which go back to an earlier regime. Price support in the U. S. has meant sustaining domestic prices at a high level, with the effect not only of 'encouraging home production but also of attracting foreign supplies. Big surpluses of some products have accumulat- -ed, and the cost to the U. S. treasury has been enormous. The declared aim of the present administration is to retreat from this policy possibly to one more like Can- ada's cautious farm support program-but the adjustment may be slow and painful. Meanwhile, on account of import restric- tions which Washington may hope will case its immediate problem, the U. S. is in- curring the resentment of Canada and of every other country with an interest in the American market for farm products.

In other parts of the Canadian - U.S. trade picture, however. the outlook at the moment looks a little more promising. Legislation to extend the U. S. Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act is now before a joint committee of both Congressional houses. A customs simplification bill, designed to give tariff concessions more real meaning than they now possess in many instances, has passed the House of Representatives and has gone to the Senate. Passage of this measure, provided no crippling amend- ments are tacked on, would mark a signi- ficant advance in U.S. trade policy.

t'D'i'roRlAL NOTES

There is laid to rest today a veteran of the ministry. The Rev. Dr. J. Kier Fraser at 81 survived his family and most of ilis contemporaries but he is remembered by younger generations to whom his kindly - manner and courage in adversity provided the best of examples.

0 O I Hiroshima was the first target of the atomic bomb this date 1945. The city of

245,000 was destroyed for an area of about a mile and a half. About 80,000 people were killed bllt the war was swiftly ended after a second bomb was dropped on Nag-

and acquired the full approval of both for the proposed measure.

Penetrating Arctic Sound Barriers

The University of Saskatchewan at Sask-

atoon is to co-operate with Dartmouth Col- cgc in a new research project in the realm if long-range transmission through the mund barriers of the Arctic. In outlining "he scope and purpose of the project the New York Times announces that the re- zcarch program was outlined in a contract with the United States Navy. Dr. Mlllett G. Morgan. director of research at the Thayer School of Engineering of the college, will head the project that will continue a study of radio wave propagation in the iono- sphere.

The ionosphere is an electrically charged sphere beyond the stratosphere that makes possible all long-distance radio communi- cation using high frequency waves. Rang- ing from forty to 400 miles above the earthis surface, it reflects signals back to the earth and keeps them from being lost in space.

The area of the study, the New York Times adds. will be between Hanover and points north. Pulse signals from an experi- mental radio station at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Sask., will be received here and analyzed. Dr. Morgan said that the project will cover three cate-

asaki. ' I O C i Before adjournment, the United States itCongress passed the final foreign aid bill, sharply reduced from earlier appropria- tions but still a substantial four and a half billion dollars. The financial assistance, of course, has been for the purpose of strengthening various nations so that they may contribute their fiiil share to the com- mon security. 0 O O

A White House statement has cleared up a point which worried a great many people, particularly those responsible for supplying contingents of troops to the Un- ited Nations in Korea. "There is no inten- tion whatever of using American combat units as labour troops in Korea," it is stat- ed. The proposal is that technical assist- ance be given the Korean government to speed up rehabilitation.

O Q I

The new constitution for Gambia is the latest development in the steady progress of British colonies and possessions towards full self-govemment. The tiny colony at the mouth of the Gambia River, south of Dakar. and its protectorate extending in a narrow strip up both banks of the river, has been a colony since 1843. although re- cognized as British since 1783. The new constitution provides for a legislative coun- cil of six official and six unofficial mem-

action. The first aim is to find out'why one radio wave component interferes with

, another. This phenomena is a major cause-

bers, the latter all elected by the legislative council, 14 of whose 21 members are elect- ul.

iii-IE GUARDIAN.

CHARLOTTETOWN

Not

In Tune

PUBLIC FORUM

This column I: open to the ill ' by w.. e - of question: of interest. The Gun-disn does not necessar- lly endorse the opinion of correspondents.

ENTRANCE EXAMINATIONS

sir.-What. is wrong with our Island educational system?

Of the 515 students who passed the entrance examinations to the Prince of Wales College only 21 or 4 per cent made 3 rating of 75 per cent or over.

Of the ones marked Class II 99 students or 19 per cent. made from 64 percent to '74 percent. This gives only 23 percent. above u 60 percent rating, which to any the least. is poor.

designated as passed 215 or 54 percent were earmarked as con- ditioned in one subject or an- other. .

We do not. have the statistics on the number who wrote the exam- inations md failed to obtain even a. passing mark.

Such poor results show there in something radically wrong some- where.

Our Prince Edward Island boys rind girls have average intelligence. Then wherein does the. fault lie?

15 it 8. faulty curriculum. mod-I rrn teaching methods, antiquated testing, apathy in the administra- tive department or parental neg- lect?

Our schools are supported by the taxpayers for the education of the children. We, the taxpayers, must demand I better showing immed- iately to remedy this condition. Our boys and girls must be pre- pared in the qualifications to do their part. to meet, the world suc- nessfully and earn an honorable livelihood.

I am, Sir, elc.. TAXPAYER

THE ART OF WALKING

Sir,-I-low long did it. take man to learn to walk? A thousand years? Ten thousand years of experiment? No one knows. We know only that the day came when man stood upright upon his two feet. and walked, at first, likely shilmbling. something as a bear wnlkll. But walking upright with hands tree was a great. day for man. Then he could lift food to his mouth. climb trees and the better defend himself from his cnemies. It. look a long period to free the hand but then man was on'the way to conquest.

But one of the sad facts of this age is that man is fast losing the art. of walking. He must use his car. I was starting home from church about 200 steps away when A. friend said: "Wait. 9. moment iind let. me drive you home." "No thanks," I said. "I'll be. home be- fore you get. your car started." It. is amusing if it. were not silly to see in man jumping into his car to iuwc himself A few steps.

Walking is it great pleasure and a fine exercise. You get. the fresh air, and you see the beautiful country. Cooped up in 9. car you can go places but you do not see God's world. the flowers by the roadside, and get. I chsmv to think. Drlverli are-speeding more than ever as though it. were their last day on earth. Leisure, thought and admiration are out of the question. Wnlklng is too slow for this age. Even I modem car is too slow. We want. to fly. What are we coming to?

Between 100'! nnd 1910 my first charge was Brookfleld. P.E.I. where I drove horse and wagon. I had three services on Sunday, and twenty-four miles to travel. Dur- ing the week I had three prayer meetings, but I always got to my appointments and if I met. a friend I had time to stop and Chill. for a few minutes. But. not. so now. We whiz put. each other with a couple of toot: on the horn, and that is all the recognition.

Those brave old days when men would start. out before daylight for Charlottetown and before the day

Of the remaining 305 students u

--aw 4 i"-AMIHVUIVKVI:

Th , brethren In no debt- ors. not to the flesh, to live Inc the flesh. For if ye live after the flesh. ye shall die: but if ye through the Spirit do mormy the deeds of the body, ye shall live. For an mmy as are led by the Spirit of God. they are the sons of God . . .

The Spirit itself bcucth witness with our spirit. iinciwe no the children of God.

Those days on gone. Not altogeth- er. either. I know I girl who walks twenty miles 1 week and stands most. of each school day before her clouds: and I lam told she enioyll the walk. A few men and women still know how to wnlk but the majority have lost the

t. What I great. walker Jesus wul That. day when in the hut of the day he sat on the curb of Jacob: hell he and his men had walked about twenty miloa. At. another time when he was beyond Jordan and heard of Lnsruv dclth he was. at least. ten miles away. In those three years of his ministry he had walked the length of Pol- estine more. than once. Those blessed feet. of his had sanctified every road in the country from Caeaarea, Phllippl to Beersheba, and on those walks he saw the count.l1v,lhe flowers and the birds. He had a. chalice to think. Some- times he would have been glad for 1 lift, but he never got. one. The blessed Jesus was I great walker. ' I am, Sir, etc.

W. I. GREEN. Stanley Bridge. GRAMMAR RULES AND 'rooLs

Sir,-Minor Saxon, like too many other minors. I fear. doesn't seem to like ”blawsted grammar rules and names of grammar tools". He reminds us (I am not saying Minor Saxon presumes to inform us) that language was before grum- mar. and tool-makers before tools; -all of which may be true, 31. lhollilh rlilht. here the school-boy question arises as to how the tool- makerli made tools without. the aid of tools.

But now, however. rules and tools are happily here-grsmmntb cal rules and tools included-and it behooves us to study how but to use them. Homer. perhaps, might. have done without. them for all I know about him. but I am quite sure that neither Virgil nor Caesar did so: nor did Shakes- peare nor Milton do so. No. nor WEN Burnl. the peasant poet. of Scotland, for he informs us in his autobiography that at the age of twelve yenrii he was an expert in "hair-splitting” English grammar. Nor did miraculous self-taught Abraham Lincoln, author of the famous Gettysburg speech, do with- out these. as witness the accounts of his delightful evenings spent in studying grammar rules with his

beloved Anne Ruthledgc. Finally comes the testimony of much- quoted. somewhat idolized, sir

Wlnston Churchill, who tells us how after his despairing of being an expert in the Latin clualca, his teacher in English undertook to teach him parsing and nmlylln in English grammlr. both intensively and extensively. and it was during this process that he discovered that the English sentence as well as the Latin one can be-to use his own words as nearly as I cm .1.

member them-A truly noble structure. Rules and tools then no not

only useful, but in our age. shoo- lutely essential. It in quite true to say the caveman did without them, if we exclude the mention of his stone-hammer: but Christopher Wren and his marvellous fellow builders could hardly do without an elaborate cup ly of them: nor for that matterc n'I'om Jonu, tho carpenter. who build: our cottages and hen-houses do without his compass. his level and let-Iquurec. and consciously or unconsciously, the use of the look I, 419.): pro- position. of our old friend luclid.

A SUMMER. STORM

Lut night. I worm fell on the world

From heights of drought and heat, The surly clouds for weeks were furled,

The air could only way and best.

The T " cluttered at the blind, The hawks fell twmging from the

Iky. The west unrolled a feathery wind, And the night fell sullerlly.

The storm leaped roaring from its lair. Like the shadow of doom,

e poignu-d lightning searched the lit.

The thunder ripped the shattered gloom.

The rain came down with I roar like fire. Full-voiced and deep.

The weiary world had its heartis cle- s re.

And fell Asleep.

-Duncan Campbell Scott.

clamoroun and

modern Shakespeni-ea. nor our modern Doctor Johnsons. nor for that matter the humblest writer of letters togthe present Charlotte- town Gusrdim, can well do with. out the aid of rules and tools of iirsmmsr-and in my humble opinion not even the editor of the aforesaid Guardian can.

In fairness to Minor Saxon. however. I must admit that. he does not. say he is wholly 4 to the use of formal grammar in our public schools. In fact. he lays quite definitely that he favors its being taught from Grade V up to the highest grade in these schools. provided only that pupils should be taught. by what he considers to be the best. methods.

Volumes might. be written on the best methods for teaching grammar. and there would be in these volumes able differ. cnces of opinion as to what. con- stitutes the perfect method. Gen- erally speaking. however. all good

teachers, I believe. lgreo mar, grammar should be taught both inductively and deductively, with

emphasis on the deduction method for the more advanced grades. Minor Saxon would seem to so strong on imitation of good models: '"imlt.ntion and still more imita- tion" would seem to be his slogan: As if the pupils" whole vocation Were never-ending imitation. I have no doubt that Minor sax- on would imtll good English into the minds of his pupils, but. just how he would teach formal gram- mar. without rules and names of lrlmmlr 1001!. he has not told us. I am. Sir, etc..

India has 214,900 miles of over-

types of goldfish.

A Former Teacher.

head and underground telegraph wires. The Jnpnnou have specialized

for centuries in production of uncy

AUGUST 5, 1953 T.

1303 ,

Selkirk In

T

1953

P." E. Island

l y From the Dilly of Lord Selkirk. 1808

Sunday. 14th August:

At. Plnette Point our further progress was stopped by the hehvy

rain. the first time since our ar- rival. which sent us home

soaked. but however, before the

,dayllght. was exhausted. This day's

rxpcdition was in two wooden canoes in which besides Mr. Shaw and Dr. McAulay, were Stelnsholl ,iDonald Nicholson of Orwell River) and Rodk. Macxenzle, the two iprlnclpal men of the skin and Rossshire parties, with three or -four inferior people as bostmen- they all seemed ,.' set! with the appearance of the land. i We called in at an Indiana wig- wam, - ii Micmac, who never drinks rum. His wife ll of one of 'the Abexiake village: near Quebec and speaks French as he does good English. He hunts and fishes for the Charlotte Town market. The few Indians on the Island seldom assemble in larger parties than ,two or three families and have no government. of their own - they submit to the authorities Island. . . .

This man received us hospitlbiy and presented us with berries in I. birch bark bowl. He gave Dr. Mc-

lAulay two wild fowl: and refused ;to take any payi t.- the Dr. "had given him som pork 3 day or

two before. They seem peaccable and harmless people and have less peculiarity of colour and feature than I expected -- I have seen Spaniards and Italians as dark. These Indians take no artificial means of coloring themselves. They are continually wandering. Another family near Charlotte Town hnd

glieen ct. Quebec. I. month or two

ago, with all his flimlly for no particular object. Their wlgwam is of large pieces of birch bark which they carry in their canoe - --the poles to support it are found everywhere; they are set conlcally and I. hole left at the top for smoke.

. . . On the banks of the Plneftc fllvcr are several marshes, but

only one of large size that I saw. Notwithstanding the great. accum- ulation of these marshes, I do not think that the settlement ought to be close to them -- for if the habi- tations are set down on dryer lands they will be healthier. more com- fortnblo and freer from mosquitoes. The settlers prefer the neighbor- hood of the marshes in order to have an opportunity of monopo- lizing the more of them within their lot; but I propose to give no lot. above I certain share and re- serve the surplus for lots that have no mush adjoining to them.

Near Plnette is 5. cleared spot. where s squatter has planted po- tatoes. but. will now keep his dis- tance. squatters are not respected here as they are said to be in the States. In general however, .thc proprietors are not unwilling to let. them remain but hold them- selves under no obligation to them. and will drive as hard a bargain with them as they can.

Above Plnette and opposite to it are several places covered with young birchea, grown up over the old French clearing. Among these we found by Mr. Wright's assis- taiicc that the birch bark at least of small trees would still peel - an advantage to the settlers as it makes an excellent water-tight. covering for houses. It must be kept stretched as soon as cut, for if it. dries and curls up it becomes

well

in li-lei

useless on the roof; also 1, m be immediately thatched ovp,. a”" covered from the sun.. M This birch bark seems a kind universal article. Besides tliatci? in: house: it makes canoes, i,,,,.,.1; and lil sorts of dishes. 1 53 troughs of it standing at the. 1...: of the sugar muples.and wlim ,.n come to a spring, it will llielluf :1 cup in a. minute. Dr. Mam, ha been informed by the nelghi,.Ju,.m' settlers that the bark was pa; peeling and so it appears to in; in the large trees. '

There is a. kind of ion: g,;,5.,. sea-weed which makes .. ..,,;;,, thatch over the birch-bark ... ,7 , also esteemed as a manure; n,.,.,:

is I. great abundance both at pm, ette and Orwell Bay. I sen imh bark is also put. below sliilil;1.,.i

. . .

This day": excursion has no, shown quite so great. Bblllldlllliig 0, march as I had expected, though the supply is certainly cgllsgdm able. The calculated qualiillv at hay on the twb Lots of 57 nmii.-.a ;., inbout 140 or 150 tons. Af1C0l(i.ili; in the usual mode of Scllilllfl. mm would sit down on the choice ill:lt(g and expect at. least 5 or 6 tour. rm, -perhaps some would fiiitllpy double or treble. To acconilnnuale the distant inland Lots, I lllrliiuge to exclude the lzirger inai-stirs ll'Dm the adjacent Lots, and to rllstri. bute them to the Lots wliirh ilCll'. none, at the rate of a ton an mg to every I00 acre Lot.

Tho' 5. good acre produces :1 :03 or upwards the marshes in ,-m. lcral do not. average such a pm, duce; many of them are l)l'0ki ii in, to holes, etc.. and do not pitilluq in or 82. ton per acre. These ildllg ever are lmproveable and the sur, tveyor reckoned that Prim lama which now produces thirty, :l:..;m be brought up to 100 tons. nml some others in proportioii; but ll inu not. afford a great quantity to my individual and I fear little can bg reserved for the inland Lois Thll, however, requires the sun-r-.or'; work to ascertain it and he lmm. Iises that. in two days all lllw pm cast. of Prim Point. shall be Llld down.

not

In the. meantime. Dr. MrAvil.i-- lg to sound the people. as to lhri: zn. clination to purchase, mid tlir rx. tent. they aim at. which as yet he has little guess of. and for that purpose I stated to him the prod posed prices: ii. dollar per acre for back lands. one,dollar for il'(ll.l .. 2 dollars for old cleared pi-min lip -marsh or clear land, so for :w Mill be given. 5 dollars - these I am given to understand are rolzsizial-. ably below the current. prices uliei; land is acid. J. Stewart has sold 1 igood deal at 10.”. but. HiiOil'll'lL' in- stallments. Some lots on rnunal ,Bliy were sold at that price 7 ur 3 years ago-but this Island has not ipartnken of the progress of lhq states.

i Indeed it is surprising Him the land should sell at nil when gra- tuitous grants can be had lll rxvwa Scotia and Cape Breton and lirrv haps it. is owing to the iiiiprzfnci knowledge and prejudice or the settlers that they do not. no to these. In Nova Scotia. h0ii'CiPl. l: is said to be difficult in grt liriill. lands and ihe lands arc of lnlmnr quality. Perhaps. however. this may be a mere allegation of the proprietors here, who seem in i'li'l in sufficient portion of lcalnll: n- gainst. Nova Scotla rind indeed any other colony.

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