as !i!'1!"-,ln

THE GUARDIAN

lubllnhd ry -oukdu morning In In Pna-to llrocl. cau- ,g lmmn::i:.P.I.l..by nu'l'IcnuoI0oIIuI.v united.

tolnu Pl-flu IIIIII Inland I.IkI in Don” Editor. Frank Walker General Hunger. in A. Burnett lunch office: II summenldc, Montague Ina Aibcrfon. Authcl land I! Second Clau Hall by tho Pod Office Department. Ottawa. I: Carrion t..arlotI;I.nwn. Summer-auto Ilsu pu unu-n. lla- -W.

when In P. I. I other rmvlncu Ind U. I A. can pr IIIIIIIIII. "The strongest memory is weaker than the weaken ink.”

SATURDAY. JANUAIIY 15. 1855.

V-

Maritime Farm Production

While this Province has little to fearga Swiss climbing expedition in 1952. Early

from outside competition in farm products on a quality basis, there are other factors to be considered along production lines. The following figures, published by the re- search department of the Canadian Con- gress of Labour, apply generally to the Maritimes but they will repay study by all concerned with improving our agricuituralp situation locally. 1

In 1946, the Maritime Provinces had, 9.6 per cent of the national population, 8.8l per cent of the national labour force, and! 4.9 per cent of the national farm cash in- come. In 1953, they had 8.8 per cent of the population, 7.6 per cent of the labour; force, and 4.0 per cent of the farm cash income. In the first half of 1954, how-, ever, their percentage of farm cash incomel was back to 4.9; but the experience previous years suggests that the figure for! the whole year will be lower. These fig-I

UI'eS. it Should be Timed. are Cash andlwere formed. Everest and its companions,

gross: they allow neither for income in kind (probably more important in the; Maritimes than in some other parts of the country), nor for the costs of farm oper- atlons.

Another way of measuring what has been happening to Maritime agriculture, since 1946 is to take the indexes of physical volume of agricultural production. Down to 1949, the Prince Edward Island index rose steadily, while the national index aver- aged less than in 1946. In 1951 and since. the Prince Edward Island index has lagged behind the national. Nova Scotia, on the whole. has lagged far behind the national index. and in 1953 was away below 1946., New Brunswick, down to 1950, was aheady of it, though not as far ahead as the Is- land; in 1951, 1952 and 1953, it was far behind. Agriculture is so subject to the vagaries of the weather that it is most un- safe to rely on figures for any one year: but it seems plain that in 1951 and since the physical volume of Maritime agricul- tural production has been lagging beliindl the national average, and that while the national total is now, ordinarily, well above 1946, the Maritime total is not.

Prince Edward Island is, of course, ai-,' most wholly agricultural, and the threel Maritime Provinces together produce about: 40 per cent of the national total of potatoes and other field roots. In 1946, they also produced about a quarter of the fruit; but: the temporary collapse of the British mar- ket because of dollar import restrictions,l and the ravages of Hurricane Edna, have reduced the proportion to about one-tenth. In 1946, they had also produced about one- tenth of the buckwheat, but in 1953 this had fallen to about 7.0 per cent. They had (as of June 1, 1954) 11.3 per cent of the nation's sheep (a little larger proportion of a much smaller total than in 1946), 7.2 per cent of its milk cows (again a slightly larger proportion of a smaller total than in 1946). 4.2 per cent of the other cattle (a slightly smaller proportion of a larger total than in 1946), 3.4 per cent of the swine (a smaller proportion of a larger total than in 1946). and 5.8 per cent of the poultry (a smaller proportion of a smaller total than in 1946). In 1953 they produced 7.9 per cent of the total eggs, against 6.7 per cent in 1946; 6.7 per cent of the total milk. against. 6.3 in 1946; 7.2 per cent of the total butler, against 7.8 per cent in 1946.

Everest Remeasurecl The top-level figure on world maps, Mt. 2verest's official height of 29,002 feet, is bowing out in favor of a new calculation that places Earth's highest peak at 29,028 feet. British surveyors set the 29,002-foot figure more than 100 years ago.l In recent years few experts considered it accurate. Even so, it stood because none of the many subsequent and higher estimates seemed precise. The new computation was report- ed to the National Geographic Society by Brigadier I. H. R. Wilson, Surveyor Gen- eral of India, as the measurement now of- ficially accepted by the Government of

India. '

The surprising thing is that so small a difference - only 26 feet - separates the old and the new official elevations. The dif- ference could even be mailer. For the Sur- vey of India, which performed detailed work in 1952. 1953 and 1954. admits the new figure may be off 10 feet either way because of seasonal fluctuations in the snow depth on the limestone summit of

. The 29.002 height derives from 1849-50

gfllije in Year'-

Indla, each less than 300 feet above sea level and 110 miles south of the titan of the Himalayas. The six trigonometricai computations averaged out to 29,002 feet. As the years passed this value became sus- pect because it was found that over such a long distance and at high altitudes light rays bend deceptively under varying at- mospheric conditions. Observations in 1880, 1883 and 1902, taken from the Darjeeling hills about 90 miles away, produced a fig- ure of 29,141 feet. Other estimates were made: 29,149 that appeared on some Am- erican air maps; 29,079; and 29,610 claim- ed by Dr. Edouard Wyss-Dunant, leader of

in 1954 Sir Edmund Hillary and SirpJohn Hunt, members of the British party that conquered Everest the previous year, sug- gested that the Swiss figure was credible although they stressed that the peak so far had defied exact measurement.

Some Indian surveyors believe Everest is'growing steadily higher. They say the rise is comparatively fast as a result of a continuing uplift in the earth's crust, mani- fested particularly in the 1950 earthquake in Assam. They put the mountain's height at 29.200 feet. However, Indian govern- ment experts view a rapid rise in Everest's altitude with skepticism. -

The great Himalaya range was form- ed, geologically speaking, a rather short time ago, during the Tertiary Period (53,-

of, 000.000 to 7,000,000 years ago) when Northl

America's mountains were re-elevated and the Andes, Alps. Pyrenees and Carpathians

were pushed upward by the stupendous pressure of the ccntrai Asian uplands con- centrating against the Indian plains. Be- fore that, for manifold millions of years, the sedimentary rocks that built the world's greatest range, or at least its northern reaches. were laid down in a sea that cx- tended across the heart of Asia.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Tomorrow, 2nd Sunday after Epiphany. C V C A Prince County jailcr's life is not a happy one, with the prospect of being lock- ed in by his own prisoners at any time. It would appear that a change in the layout of the cell block is required, and the soon- er it is made the better. I O O The Auditor General in his annual re- port finds a number of ”cracks and weak- nesses" in federal agency accounts, includ- ing those of the C.B.C. Parliament should give careful attention to this report, which

has too often been ignored in the past.

Everyone indorses the need for lowering trade barriers, but in practise it appears to depend upon whose ox is being gored. As a spokesman for the dairy industry points out, duties on manufactured goods coming into Canada range from 15 to 37 per cent, yet the Government seems to think that a 4 per cent duty on New Zealand cheese is all the protection the Canadian product requires.

0 O 0

Edward Gibbon, English historian, died January 16, 1794. His great work, ”Thc Dc- cline and Fall of the Roman Empire", seems destined for literary immorfality. The criterion by which Gibbon judged civil- ization and progress was the nicasure in which the happiness of men is secured, and of that happiness he considered political freedom an essential condition. It is worthy of notice that he was in favor of the aboli- tion of slavery, when humane men like his friend Lord Sheffield, Dr. Johnson and Bos- well were opposed to the anti-slavery move- ment.

9

Section 32 of the Canadian Wheat Board Act states that no person other than the board shall cause wheat or wheat pro- ducts to be transported from one province to another, except as permitted under board regulations. Section 121 of the Brit- ish North America Act provides that all articles of the growth, produce or manu- facture of any of the Provinces shall be admitted free into each of the other prov- inces. Which act takes precedence? This is the issue in a lawsuit now pending in Winnipeg. Legal and grain officials antici- pate a long fight ending up in the Supreme Court of Canada.

O 0

History was made by the New York Metropolitan Opera on Friday night, Jan. 7-both musical and social history. Musical, because a Negro artist demonstrated to the world in grand fashion that the colour of one's skin is not a hindrance to the rich- ness of one's art; social, because at long last, after seventy years, the management

of in cultural institution, and the profes- 90

sional critics who were present at the time, were persuaded, without a shadow of a doubt,'that: in the field of art racial dil- crlmlnatlon is stupid, cdntrary to inform- ed public opinion, and profltless. The large audience. we are told. "broke into I tremendous ovation" when Miss Marian An- derson appcarcd on the stage in the part "Tile Masked

.-..-..si-ALA I-.t6.r.s.;..

F0; Trouldleci Waters

PUBLIC FORUM

This column II upon to lbo nlon by correspondent: of l of Interest. TII Glardlan dun III i Iucuurlly onion: in oylnln If

O'l I urn-upcndcltl.

AGRICIILTURAL TRENDS

Sir,-I agree with the conclusion ' arrived at by one of your letter cor- respondents, that there is I. link between the flight from the land by rural youth, and the fact. that ,fni'm income is also "failing to get its fair share of the nations total

earnings." , It. is about time, it seems to this reader, that the authorities on

Illarllament Hill probed into this imbalance and earning-power dis- tortion, undcr which 17.5 per cent Jot the nations labor force win less illifln 9 per cent of the (1953) nat- ional income? -

Perhaps I may encroach on your valued white space, to bring the following revealing "but none too healthy picture, to the spotlight and the nolice of your readers in town and countryside: "The mechanization of agriculture and commercialization of the industry are factors that are increasing the size of farms and decreasing the population in the prairie provinces. Dr. W. B. Baker. chairman of the Saskatcheivan Royal Commission which has recently completed the investigation of the agricultural and rural life of that province, says that the above Lrends necessitate the movement from rural to urban comniunities of 60 per cent of the young farm pcopic. In the 1920's southern Saskatchewan was over- populated, but now in the south- western corner about '15 per cent of ,lhe farms have been abandoned. llfarms in that province have been ilncreaslng in size, the average at present. being half a section in Northern Saskatchewan, I full 640 acres in the centre and 1 l-2'asct-

ions in the south." (The Budget, Calgary, Alta). Who was it said that 'Natioiis

break down upon the farm”! 1 am, Sir. etc, JUNIOR FARMER

lnclestructible No. 10

(Montreal Gazette)

In 1581 I cagey gentleman named Sir George Downing. who had mIn- aged to do well both in Cromwell'l Commonwealth and Charles If: He- storation monarchy. bought: himself .3 Parcel of land in Whitehall and built. on it four houses. The street bearing his name is still made up of only those four houses and one other, which stood Idjaccnt. to his property before he acquired it. That; fifth house is now known II No. 10, one of the most famous addresses in the world. Designed by Christ.- opher Wren for the Earl of Lich- licld some years before Downing arrived, it. became Crown property when Llchfleld left England with James II and allied himself with the lost. Stuart. cut.

In 1698 the little street was de- acribed as:

'A pretty open space. especially at. the upper end, where are four or five very large and well-built. houses, fit for persons of honour and quality, each house hlvlng I pleasant prospect. into St. Jlmelf Park, with I Terrn-wIlk."'

The nest metropolis of London has grown close and tall around that "pretty open space" but it has never ceased to be the residence of "persons of honour and quality." George I gave it to the Hanovcrlan Minister, Bu-on noihmnr. for tile. On his death in 1731 George II offered it to Sir Robert Walpole as I gift. Walpcla declined it 'II 1 personal property but the we agreed it should be the mtdenoc or hllh Government. officials. Wol- polu was the first of that to llvo there.

Since that time. No. 10 hu been the official relldencc ,of Britain's Prime Ministers. though some, Inch as Salisbury. Melbourne and Pool. have med it. only for official pur-

soc Tho 109! observer Ill right. too. in sayink it was "wall-built" for time could not damage it: sturdy structure. It took fiftieth bolilbl. falling nearby, to. do tint. To strength ill Inning timbers. I Ital frame is to be sung into the frame- work and concealed.

. Thcvncwu that the building III in danger of collnpu vu, rod ntrnlv. probably because the It-ttfal urvwiure is onlv R mail out or the building -rflstcncc. No. 10 ll

now, of use sunburn of Int! I33:

l

l

was sitting its proceeding

f I J pas.

r Televising

Ottawa

There seems to be as many dif- ferent. opinions on the CBC's tele- vised presentation of the opening of Parliament as there are own- ers of TV sets. Some say the DH?- sentation was good, some.say it was poor, others call it indifferent. The Journal is not much concerned with the technical effort; if it. was poor this lime in doubt it could be made better next UmE- Whal- is of concern is whether this tele- vising of Parliament's 00901"! W35 a good thing on balance --whether the viewing of this ceremony by more people will be sutfficient. com- pensation for some things last. g The ceremony opening Parlia- ment with its ritual involves things that are sacred: things woven of memories, traditions and achieve- ments deep in our history. When somebody once twitted Joseph Chamberlain for lifting his hat when the MQ:e was being carried past Chamberlain replied warmly: "I am always proud to draft my hat in the presence of a symbol

of democracy." 0

What we may ask ourselves then. is whether symbols which demand our veneration should be brought to the level of entertainment (per- haps held up by some to ridicule). treated as just another TV pic- ture. sandwiched in between some- body's advertising for soap or toothpaste. made the Object 0' cables strewn through the halls of Parliament. plus so many of those other devices which we associate with Hollywood - or with a Mc- Carthy hearing in Washington?

The Journal suggests that these questions should be in the mind of Parliament; in the minds at least of those who know Parlament.'s history, who are concerned with its prestige and dignity. Specific- ally we think they are questions which the Parliamentary com- mittee on radio and television. which no doubt will come later in the session, should ask itself scr- iously.

Especially as we are told now that this televlsing of Parliament's opening was only a beginning - that permission will be asked to televise hearings of Senate and Commons committees. and "move the camera: into the offices of MPH and Senators for interviews when issues of public interest Irlse."

In the Journal's view such I development would be very bad for our public life; threaten Ottawa with what has come in Washing- tn where television has become the Illy of demagoguery. where

tho conduct of government has been degraded to the level of vaudeville.

O O 0

All men are human and po- liticianc-evcrywherc - be- cauu of their special calling are more human than others. Po- liticians need the limelight; give them television, tell them that mil- lion: of people plus their con- sfltuentl are watching. and Ilmost necessarily they become actors. the want of them posturing for Ip- plaule.

What. for example would have happened if some years ago when the committee on customs scandals had been televised? What would have happened had then been teln- vision of the committees on colts and prices? Or the committee on war expenditures. ,wlfh its Peta- wnwn horses? And what would happen if they dragged the Idol; light: on their platform: into our commltteo on public accounts?

To ask thou questions is to 1-0- coll from them. i

Technological improvements Ire wondorful things. But are y Io much the bo-Ill Ind end-Ill of Iv- erythfng that w: should permit tbom to blur or diminish or do- Itrcy thing: of the spirit which no more wonderful? The long march to political domocruy hId' pro-

icnnnntthcbrlcknofamnitoftbo main: of oanpronuu Ind In Inp- octri of not talk.

I In good to know tint its mItIr.' his In some to be prournd, but nothing. really, ncftbcr bomb nor

0

fire not slow amp rot. can our ll Dcwnlu

Parliament

Journal

duced memories and milestones and attainments. If we forget them, or slight them. we must lose some- thing which eternally should be precious. I I

Let the CBC, if it wishes and the politicians agree, put the ”Na- iion's Business" on TV; if the parties can provide the men cap- able of adapting themselves to TV techniques (Britain's parties have had difficulty in doing so) well and good. But that is a mere mat- ter of getting more people to list- en to political discussion and is I far different thing from television invading Parliament itself, turning things that two sacred or which should be sacred into just another "show," subtracting from its glory and dignity, making ham-acting a part of an institution which should compel reverence and awe.

Many ancient. things in these troublous days In being torn from their moorings. set Idrlft on a swirling sea of innovation and change-change often for change's sake. We would tell the engineers and technicians to keep their kleig lights off Parliament.

(Ac

THE COLD HEAVEN

Suddenly I saw the cold and rock- delightlng Heaven

That; seemed as though ice burned and was but the more ice,

And thereupon imagination and heart. wei-I driven

so wild that. every casual thought of that and this

Vanished, and left. but memories. that should be out of season

with the hot. blood of youth, of love crossed long ago;

And.1 took all the blame out of all sense and reason.

Until I cried Ind it and rocked to and fro, Rlddled with -light. Ah! when the ghost; begins to quicken. confusion of tho death-bed over. is it sent

Out. naked on the roads, as the books say. and stricken

my the injustice of the skies for punishment? '

L...

-W. I. Yclfl.

Burmese Proverb

(Windsor Star)

Proverbs llvo down through the ages because of the truth inherent in them. Thcy state this truth in such I graphic mknner they come readily to the tongues of succeed- ing gonerotlons.

All races of all lcnda have their peculiar proverbs. Ono of tho tricks of interpreters It. the United Nat- ions, who InlJOl1)i'Et simultaneously as I speech in being mule. is to translate thou provei-ho immedi- ately into other lnnnugu. They no Iblo to do this because thqv become Ibecpcd in the literature of the various lmguugu Io um know the proverb: and have mncllticu ready-made.

An ancient Burmese proverb nun has its modern appllccuon. "If I i-occur rufflcl up his fbdlhltl it. in :71” to plug hli(n."m'l'l';I Idvic: ob-

o I s to r: min ruffled. "Flu

It is sound advice for our Itchi- men and dl louutl. and for pooplc

l9n'l'I"Y- OOIII-IO 0&1!” let unduly nfiiiia. it trill be no- ier for tho comm to

plucking of our p

I menu, In destroyed. Hard-bitten

. ., .,'

N o T”: s is Y Karo IIII III III criminals brought into court. he nld. hIvon't the money to pay I lawyer. The rcwlrdl of crime. lo to speak. are poorly distributed. The Iawbreoker who mod: the state's charity Whlfl police catch up with him obvious- ly in in tho wrong kind of work.- Wlndsor star.

who: Ouudlull feel like lot- ting off steam bout what a fine lot of people wo are. I Ioberlng thought would be that ll tnatlon we no lo indifferent to” books that In Ivei-Igc of less than 81.50 I year per head is spent on them. When did you last buy I hook?- Brantford Expositor.

larqubar Oliver, Ontario Lib- eral Leader. must be running short of what little ammunition he once had. He now resorts to the feeble complaint that the Ontario Con- servative Government. consists of "old men who need . placing," Never heard any such gripe about Mackenzie King when he was Lib- ex-Il Prime Minister of Canada. did we? Not. at Iny rate. from Mr. Oliver. And what nys he of Prime Minister St. Laurent (ago '73), Rt. Hon. James G. Gardiner (72), Rt. Hon. C. D. Howe (69)? Need we go on? - Brantford Ex- posltor.

Al hunter in the Peter-borough area prognosticates I short Win- ter this year. His reason; he shot ii bear wlilch came out of hiber- nation in this month of J anuary in- stead of emerging in the usual month of February. We submit that this hunter”: reasoning here may be faulty. We have been reliably informed by bear: themselves that they often come out of hibernation to checlv on the length of Winter by seeing what hunters are doing. According to some of the more knowledgeable bears in our Ic- quaintance the sight of I hunter out in January insiud of February progncstlcates I long Winter. Who's right here? - Brockville Recorder and Times. ,

It would Ippear that there are cases in Canada today of'fImilfe: attempting to elevate their so- called "standard of living' It the expense of their health. We Ire thinking here of families of modest means who have so pledged the major portion of their income: 10 instalment payments on television sets and electrical appliance: that there is insufficient money re- maining for the purchase of food in quantity and quality necessary to the maintenance of good health and strength. Certainly instalment buying has its place in our econ- omic schema of life. but. care should be takenrthnt payments do not reach such proportions where- by they actually enforce. as far as basic necessities are concerned. I lower standard of living. -Bz:ock- ville Recorder and Times.

City people on never know the heartbreak and tragedy pf I burn fire in the Winter months in which livestock perish. grain and feed, and frequently the farm imple-

farmerl might deny it, but it is true. nevertheless. that there ll I feeling of sentiment toward farm animals that become part of the. farm family. The "muley" heifer that becomes the family's main- stay for I Winter milk supply rand the fad that become: I nowly broken colt with high spirits and good looks. form strong bonds of attachment between the farmer and his livestock. A barn and its content: usually represent the "ready cash" asset: of I farmer and quite apart from the ion of livestock in the grim realization that I new barn. equipment and livestock means I mortgage on what had been I debt-fru home- stead. - Subbury Star.

The Ago Old Story I

me; because tho Lord hath Incant- ed no to preach good tldlnn to the mock; in bath cent In to bind up the broken-hearted. to proclllln liberty to flu captlvoo. and the opening of tho prison to than flu In bound; to pl-oclIIIn tho Ioodpt lbll you of tho lard, IIII the at nngcnncc of our God; to fun all that mourn.

flutsldo Lighting

or . contoiuilal Your Quotations Q ms

iyiuiouo counties to you on LIGHTING volm noun: .' .

I m

lulum Pi-calm Oonsull III (II an-man-I-um

Tho Spirit of tho Lord I! upon ,

Iocloflcu in this prov. inco have dono .cx:cllcnt work Without them. many of the rec: oi-"dc of tho early day: in Ontario would have passed into oblivion. As it ll. they are preserved for- tbls. and future, generations. Then Iocletlcl have Ilsc marked historic often for the V benefit of travellers. But their shire of the responsibility for Iwakenin public interest in this matter of protect-

" f ' monumpntn increases. Once the public ccnlclenco nas been awakened, the ccuntrymlim-. itago will bo safe. It now remains to be Ieen what manner of leg- islation P. linment will cruel to preserve ancient buildlnlt 1! it is a genial. toothless Act it will not accomplish much. -- Hamilton Spectator.

During the put few yearn cun- dianl have become aware that the great mIu of rock known II the pr:-Cambrian Shield. which some- time: ploy: hob with radio rc- ccption, has I considerable mineral content. But. no one really knows the extent of the mineral wealth in this two and I half million square miles of rock which covers two- thirds of the surface of Canada. In- dications are that the mineral trea- sure is colossal. For example, om small spot in tho rocky wilderness where the boundaries of Quebec and Labrador meet is being developed. Prospector: have proved I high "grade deposit of hermatitc iron on in excess of million tons. No one yet know: how big this iron deposit may be, but it II known to cover In areI forty-five times in large II the famed Mcubi range. And this is just one iron or: find. With this sort of wealth in millions of square miles of rock. there is every reason to be on- timistic about Canada's future. -- Winnipeg Tribune.

The Northern Light: have seen strange lights but even Rcbeit Service never visualized dancing girls and singers It Resolute Bay. Though "dancing girls" perhaps is not the phrase we should use, be- cause we are sure none of the young woman who went with the entertainment party to the RCAF weather station outpost ever could be nfused with the Lady Known as Lou, Diamond-Tooth Gertie or Nellie the Pig, who vastly enter- tained gold rush acquaintances of

of the modern entertainer: who made the flight North to stage their show but we are close to the int where we will questldn these y rns Ibout the loneliness of the Arctic. The entertainers left Montreal on misllon just I few weeks Ifter we had read of planes d roppln 3 Christmas trees and goodies to men on the Arctic rim. If this goes on much longer wo will com: to think of Arctic service. - win extra pay. special gift: and dancing girls. as better than I term of duty on I Pacific isle.-Ottawa Journal

QUTSTANDJ N G OFFER by

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