-Tl-[Ex GUARDIAN

‘Coven Prince Edward Inland Like the Dew‘

‘ Published every week-day morning at 136 Prince Street. Charlottetown. P. E. I.. by The Tliomsu.-i Company Limited.

Editor Ind Mnnnger, Inn A. Burnett. Auoclnte Editor. Frank walker.

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In: Mail by

"The strongest memoI:y_is—weIker than the weakest ink.”

calling Russia's Bluff

Eifteen months have elapsed since Stalln’s death. Western diplomacy, during most of that period, has been directed to- wards the necessary but unrewarding task of determining whether the Soviet leopard has changed his spots.

Events at Geneva should have dispelled what little doubt remained on that score. It is now apparent that the purpose of Premier Georgi Malenkov is just as sinister, just as menacing, as that of his late but unlamented predecessor, Josef Stalin. The time has come for the people of the West- ern democracies, whether of the left or of the right, to recognize that the Kremlin's policies are still those of aggression, ex.- pansion, threatening. jingoistic imperialism as they were in Stalin's heyday——that it is just as futile and as dangerous to try to do business with Malenkov as it was to try to do business with Hitler.

If peace in Korea. or a truce in Indo- China. are snatched from the wreckage of the Geneva conference, it will rest not on the achievements of diplomacy, but rather to satisfy Soviet expediency. The task of western diplomacy from now forward should not be trying to understand the Russians, > but rather seeking to achieve that measure

of unity of purpose among the great powers of the West, including Cernng. that is essential to strength which, it seems, is all that Moscow really understands.

Champlain

Thursday is the 350th anniversary of the discovery and naming of the St. John River and all this week Saint John and other New Brunswick communities are com- memorating the event. Champlain. how- ever. was not in command of the expedition which discovered the St. John. He was along in the capacity of a sort of dis- tinguished supercargo.

The role gave him the time and oppor- tunity to make accurate observations. keep it detailed account of his own discoveries and those of other members of the enter- prise and above all to produce the earliest dependable maps. charts and sailing direc- tions to assist mariners in navigating the waters of the New World. His instruments were crude by modern standards. He had no means whatever of accurately measur- ing longtitude and had to depend upon dead reckoning for the purpose. For lati- tude he had an astrolabe, a graduated disc with an index arm pivoted in the centre. It was graduated only in degrees and yet Champlain was able to give correct lati- tudes with an average error of only about ten minutes.

The exploration undertaken on that oc- casion extended down much of what is now the coast of the United States and it is in- teresting to speculate what would have -been the consequences had the D31‘l.V "Oi

1". suffered the consequences of a particularl.V

rigorous winter. What is now Maine and ‘New Brunswick might well have been the {focus of French colonization. As it was , the French concentrated on the St. Law- ‘ rence and only fortified Louisburg when it was already too late to prevent the Eng- . lish from gettini SlI‘0nlZl.V "~‘l8bll5h9‘l- Champlain later founded and became ‘governor of Quebec. I-lcvwas directly in- -terested in the fur trade but was also con- cerned to found permanent agricultural ssetflements, Their purpose was to provide advanced bases for the search for the pas- gage to Cathay but. quite unintentionally. -he founded a new land or rather lands "7 whose wealth exceeds that of the fabulous

East.

._____

-littm And The For ‘irate

Three little animals were flown to rgeattle from the Aleutian islands and had A“; part in I television program. They 81‘? 7' among the rarest animals in the world and :wefg dggcribed at Seattle as looking like Elittlc, old mennnd acting like grumpy ones.

irhey were In otters, descendants of ani- ‘. .

~.

.:-:J«‘In~.,<;

hhh,-according to the Vancouver more to do with setting in . adveloprnent of the Pacific ‘pg attics‘ that may be named. ‘ and the hope of wealth ‘ ~ started the colonization " " ~ commerce west- *' in British times.

~ that opened the

'¢miIdntwu,y,on h1‘i78.bevm

on a special mission. part or which was to find a passage through or around the American continent to the Atlantic. This part of the mission failed, for there was and is no passage of any use to navigators. But Cook and his men discovered a coun- try rich in furs and that accident set a lot of forces in motion. Cook never got back to England. but his ships and men did. First. however, they stopped at Macao. on the Chinese coast and there discovered. to their amazement. that the sea otter pelts which they had picked up for a few trinkets at Nootka and along the coast and had slept on and used to patch their clothes, were worth fabulous sums in China, where the mandarins wanted them for their robes. The men on the Resolution and Discovery wanted to return at once to the fur coast and get a real cargo, and there was very nearly a mutiny when the officers insisted on returning home. Back in England. both officers and men were forbidden by the ad- miralty to sa_v anything of the discovery they had made. But the news leaked out and expeditions were fitted out both in {England and in New England to take ad- vantage of the marvelous opportunity- trading trinkets for otter skins on the Pacific coast, trading otter skins for silk and tea and spices in China and trading the exotic treasures of the Orient for gold or bank notes in England or New England. The otter were plentiful along the coast from the Aleutians to California, but they couldn’t endure the strain put upon them by the demands of the maritime traders and gradually diminished in number until they very nearly vanished.

Meantime the traders—Captain Meares, Captain Hanna. Captain Peters. Captain Dixon, Captain Barclay and others—explor- ed the coast and the names of several of them remain there to this day. Out of the competition of the maritime traders came British Columbia’s first foreign commerce, her first ship-building, her first attempt at agriculture. The fur trade brought the Astorians. the North West Company, later the Hudson's Bay Company and the be- ginning of colonization.

~ causes of Fatigue

Boredom. anxiety, conflict and frustra- tion are basic causes of fatigue and should be recognized as such by industrialists, ac- cording to an article by Dr. M. I. Heatley in “Family Doctor." a magazine published by the British Medical Association. “Mon- oton_v is perhaps the commonest cause of tiredness." writes Dr. Heatley. "Take a small child for a walk along a dull road. Soon she is dragging along. begging to be carried. Then given her money to buy an ice cream. Fatigue disappears in a flash.’

Excessive anxiety can cause fatigue however, even where monotony has been eliminated. A worker 'ho is in constant fear of losing his job, falling behind sched- ule. being dressed-down by the foreman, catching the disapproving eye of the boss. is likely to become exhausted long before his work day is over.

Conflict. another cause of fatigue. can become pronounced where there is over- emphasis on inter-department competition, or where community. social family prob- lems become so great that ii worker car- ries them along with him on the job and is continually involved in an inner wrestling match. Frustration, Dr. Heatley says. acts in the same way. People who force them- selves to stick at a job they hate and who must keep swallowing their irritation, will find that they soon run out of energy.

EDITORIAL‘;-NOTl:'S

A .'l1-mile submarine power cable will bc laid this summer to carry power from the Bersimis River to Gaspe——100,000 horse- power at 69,000 volts. its success will be watched with interest in this Province.

0 O O

The cold war between Communism and the non-Communist world seems to be now a hot war in Central America. In the case of Guatemala, however, it is a pro- Communist regime that is on the defensive and the free nations that must avoid par- ticipation in aggression.

I O I 1

The world's first helicopter station for civil use has been opened in London. By I relaxation of minimum altitude rules heli- copters may now fly at i.()00 feet within ten miles of Hyde Park, except in an area over central London. Over the Thames they may come down to 500 feet. A service is provided between Southampton and the

two main London airports. I O O

Guiscppe Mazzinl, Italian patriot and

the rest of his life was devoted to the cause of unity. freedom and democracy in Italy. He was the main organizer of rev- olutionary societies and of numerous I'll-

uniuchtoblsplannliigutotbcbflnlc oonunandofcerlbeldi. ’ '

republican, was born this date 1805. He ‘"3 practiced four years as an advocate but being supplied

ingn. Thelicilianexpedltionotlsfioowed punk.’

g<icaTi‘t_«__

Now”

PUBLIC FORUM

This column in open to the dlscussion by uhreepondontn of questions of interest. The Guardian doeo not necessar- ily endor the opinion of wlrespondents.

CANADA LAND OF H0l"l’J

Sir. Canada is A rich country. Her natural resources are varied and almost limitless. in food Srnwing she is A great nation. in

minerals, probably the greatest, Just. now uranium is attracting inrn from all quartets. it put;

one in mind of the Klondyke Sold rush of '98. Men are fumbling over each other in staking claims around Uranium City. which is cxperted to be a city of 50.000 in a few _\'enr.=.

But. what seems in he (Tanada'~‘ greatest modern achicv:-nient is the building of the Alt-an plant

at Kitimat. The building of liitimat as described reads like a best selling novel and the

power plant is one of the greatest feels Mer nccnmplislierl by man. The city is built to accommodate 50,000 and Inn best. planned on this continent. A score of expert planners have been brought, in and the result is :4 model city. it is built to nizike pr-nple “ant to ztay there. it is not A company town where titc owners have thr- linal worfl in cvnrything. The gov- crnment has been handed over to civic authorities chosen by the people.

The last Canadian Your Book describes many enterprises. Pulp and paprr comes first, and in

the picture. the Gatineau River is full of logs, rcndy for the mills. l visited one mill and saw pap!-r fifteen feet wide coming through the .$.')00.000 maciiinc. The second indL=slry is food products. The third in line is motor vehicles. chiefly cars. 415.000 last year. No wonder we cannot get is parking place in Cliarlottetnwn. without running into the pnli(‘Pl and then lll(‘f‘P is mining and oil, hilt. tiic Book has them all.

Yes, Canada is becoming a grcai and mighty nation. and when shr- gets a population of sixty mil- lions and there is plcnty of room she will he still grcalcr.

But will our h:-lovcd coiintr,\ then he a lradcr among thc na- tions in (‘loan and high living? Lately in s commiitcc of minis- ters and laymen i was shocked to hear of couples getting mar- ricd in A sad state of unfitncss. niw couple too drunk to stand without wobbling and nnntiicr couple lhat landcd in jail somc months after marriage. it is no wondcr divorces are increasing. How will our homes stand the strain of drink and crime? Will we continue to worship the God of this world‘? or will there be 1 great awakening to the fact that no man or people can live right without God. “Blessed is that nation whose God is the Lord."

I am, Sir. etr.. W. I. GREEN Stanley Bridge.

Old ClI'IrloH'cfown and I. I. 1. BUSY WATIIPIONT

"The wlinrvee in this city are crowded with veucla of III since. some new. fitting out for Europe. and others taking in produce of varioua kinds. for markets in the United States. Welt nidiol. CIpe of Good Hope. Now zuluid. Dor- mudn. Newfoundland. various parts in neilhborlnl Provinces. A into (1 Iotity of pro- duce bu Ilrendy been shipped, Ind

NOTES BY

Alberta‘: Mines Dbplrtmont has reported that the province’: coal output for April this year was 327.- 530 tons. This was an increase of 500 tom over the same month inst ycar.—l-lamliton Spectator.

A London physician. now in his seventteth year, will try to swim the Channel this summer. The physician should consult I phy- sician about over-excertion after fifty.

—-T. W. Jones in Toronto Star

Arlnl photoguphio survey of West Pakistan undertaken by Canada as part of Canada's non- trlbutsion to the Colombo Plan is proceeding right. on schedule. This comprises air photography of the whole of West Pnkistaii. barring A high mountain section of the ex- treme north. 'I‘he‘gz-ological survey of the Buluchistan area. a soil and agricultural survey of the lower, Indus valley and Thai project, areas and of regions affected by salinity and waterlogging is in various stages of completion. —Paklst.an News Digest

A white man who hII married, m Indian woman Will from now. on be classified as an Indian, ac- cording to the new definitions of racial groups under the Govern-l ment. Area Act which has been, proclaimed in South Africa. says. the Information Service of India,l quoting s report from Capetownl Until now there had been no: specific definition of the race groups to which a white man be-l longed tin terms of the Act.) if he were married to an Indian. Chi- nese or Malay woman in South Africa. The amendments now made cover these persons. ——l-lamllton Spectator

There Ire good hIbltI Ind bld. habits. Good habits are usuallyl time-saving in their opentioni Without them an individual wouldl consume much more time in the‘ performance of his daily tasks.‘ Almost anyone he knows in will-I ing to tell him what his bad habits are, especially his wife. But habits, good or bad, are compelling drives. Witness the case of A man who disregarded air raid wardens’ or- ders to stay under cover during the recent. civil defence test. At Ban- gor. Maine. this individual noticed that his parking meter time had expired. He dashed from cover to place I nickle in the slot and then returned to await the "all clear)‘. —Snint John Tclcgrapli-Journal

"The reason for Canada‘: low sheep population has never been’ satisfactorily explained and per- haps never thoroughly understood. it. is necessary to Import. huge quanltien of wool to clothe the Canadian population. and substan- tial quantities of lamb produced in other countries are brought here for Canadians to eat. wu have good breed: of cheap. suitable land and everything essential to cut,» cusful and profitable Ihrcp hul- bnndry. We hIve everything needed except the sheep. our low cheep population in one of the ‘ " riddle: of Canadian Inl- culturc."——!Irmer'I Advocoto.

The ruiopener bu come it: its own in Oulcda. The Dominion bureau of Statistic: report; that in the period between mo and ma oenedtnru have inorened their contonlption of oenncd vege- tables by twenty-three per cent, canned fruito by fifty-nine poi- cont and mat: Ind Ioupe by two and I half times. OInIdiIn babies are ulng six timu II much can- ned foodctuffa. One hundred Ind fifty your ago when conning was introduced in the United Into: It

THE WAY

stone of many A home. And the can opener is an essential instru- ment in every kitchen.

—London Free Press

“The duth min in SootiIInd in It an "all-time low." This is probably due largely to the fact. that funeral expenses these days, on the aver- age, are at an all-time high.

—Kit.chenei--Waterloo Record

We are in complete Iccord with the editor of the Ingcrsoll (Ont.) Tribune who asks why we find in our motels. restaurants and other tourist places such names as De- troit. Arizona, Michigan and Uncle Sam. "They seem to think that in this way." writes the editor of the Tribune, "they welcome the Amer- ican tourist better by giving him the impression that he is at home." And our conirere adds: “But the tourist doesn't want. to feel at. home." After all. what the tourist seeks and appreciates most is what we have to offer that is distinc- tive. It is a. great mistake to try to conceal our particular face with the tourist wants to get to know. In I city like Hull, don't be afraid to give French names to our hotels. restaurants. stores and other pub- lic plac_es.—Le Pi-ogre: de Hull.

Antlgonlsh. Ippronohed from my direction. gives the journeyman an abiding sense of belonging exactly where you find" it. Had not Gaelic Highlanders built there, where n gnthcrng of brooks flows to meet an estuary of the -sea. another people would have done so — a contingency scarely worth theori- zing about. What did happen was exactly right. By relationship to bnrderii-ig,hill.s and an arm of the sea. the site was destined to wit- ness the growth of a conununity,

[once settlers from across the At-

lantic began populating the pro- vince. Those who came were in harmony with the offering of the scene. with what a distinctive name the town has been endowed, a name eloquently Nova Section and made excellent by reputation. —Sydney Post.-Record

‘//w _lf‘/ Woefiémm

LITTLE ADVENTUIIEI How many outlaws did he kill to-

day?

Or was he shooting Mtge out. of the sky?

Perhaps he was I shipwrecked castaway. .

Holding his breath while pirate paddled by.

What. Indian chief lice bleeding on what trail?

l-iu General Custer been Ivcngod again?

Mpybe he wore I shining coat of mall

and role with Lion Heart on his last campaign.

lib sons are wet. his panic are

ceked with mud_ -

Hie shirt is, torn and tvuttonlua ll well:

Behind an ear I on I llneof bood . . . .

Plybito or gunshot wound.-— ft’:

, hnrd to tell. - ,

lie sleep: a little frown invades his brow.

I wonder vharsdventurc bottle bill novl

—un 0. bone

house if cccuuoinod to being '.‘;‘:°" mfimm“ gfifu“ ‘Q cook :1 :un u isouewffc. lot but W?“ W. M" 0, "ml. Mb dlulhlll nu greudeugbhu up- navigm”l’mm.wwu.“'M‘prociIto the not: In time Ind I‘ H ‘M ‘mum’ H" damn,’ labor. Ind totley is the corner- . can readily unit: 2-. M. Ind an. 44. bushel. cull. Potntou Ind Iramoln II gm‘-n4» glimmgggut _;w:','9,".- The Age Old Story local to n" snarled l.f:i.fl':VIu|llIttfl moacolnbtv WI”. ""“"" nw“u“_“u“,_mm._i-nu-0. In-hound: ' -- new in -r- :'1..“'..".'i.." 7.“: bound to agent «mull: _{ ,. .5

; species of animals. only about fifty of them have been tuned and con-

of the undomeatlcnted Inimnls and

with living as pure reason. perhaps

rage 4 The Guardian Tuesday, June 27.. 1954 The Passing, Scene II: observer POST-INVESTIGATION -ruouoirrs

lng qualities of thou Ind other

Oonoernlng Food ‘mice be recognised the good eat-

At I time when world dlplomnl

rooenu. (Incidentally. the common

and military leaders were meeting here in of the rodent family, go 1,

All an effort to keep people from killing one another in wit. other meeting was being held in London. at which Iciontislo dis- cussed the various kinds of food which help to keep people alive in

the squirrel; both of which Illi- In- mats Ire used extensively for food in English Ipenklng countries.) In one anyone should decide to provg for himself the tcstlnou of mm and mice,

this in D1’. Gl’allIm'I

peace. Food la such I nIturIl put simple recipe: ‘A lure i-It needs

of life that very few of us Pl! much attention to its imaginative 5 aspects; yet, it is Mic to any that nothing in mm‘: history ha! been subjected to more research or our-

30 minutes {III boiling. 3 mom;

to 10 minutes according to gigs." If this sounds locations or even

foolish it should be aClI\€lI1bCcu that Ill such animals are comld.

rounded with more prejudice. :up- cred sood min: in may put. of

erstition. and ignorance.

At. this London meeting it was brought out that, while there Ire upwards of

vex-ted into Ii-ticlec of food. Simi-

thc world.

Scientists have discovered that

two million known in the event. of world widefsxnine —thla bu happened before and. conceivably. could happen again- there in «mouth pionkton in the