Americas, making it difficult to monitor specifically Canadian populations on ,the wintering grounds. Nevertheless, some data are available for most species from migration counts, the Breeding Bird Survey, Christmas Bird Counts and specialized, focused research. programs (Kirk and Hyslop in preparation)." (excerpted from D.A Kirk, D. Hussell, and E. Dunn, Raptor population status and trends in Canada in Birds Trends)

Population Type of Changes Turkey Vulture Increased significantly in the Mixed. Woods ecoregion of eastern Canada. Osprey Increased significantly since the early 19705. Bald Eagle Increased significantly in counts at most

eastern migration sites and in Breeding Bird __ Survey data from Mixed Woods of east.

Northern Harrier Counts at Hawk Mountain and Grimsby indicate significant long-term increases while BBS data showed a significant shorter term decline in the Prairie ecoregion.

Sharp-shinned Hawk Trends are somewhat equivocal. Migration count data from Hawk Mountain and Grimsby and CBC data suggest increase. However, the largest numbers by far of Sharp-shins migrate through Cape May in New Jersey (an average of nearly 40,000 birds per year from 1976 to

1987), where precipitous declines have occurred in recent years. Northern Goshawk Invasion peaks in Ontario in 1982—83 and 1991

and the irregular nature of invasions (8 to 11 year intervals) make longer-term trends difficult to ascertain.

Red—shouldered Hawk Stable throughout eastern North America since the 19705 with migration count data indicating a non-significant decline while some counts suggest slight increases. Cutting of mature hardwoods in Ontario has been implicated in declines there.

Broad-winged Hawk There are enough hints of declines in migration counts in eastern North America to target this species for a closer look.

Red-tailed Hawk Have benefitted from forest clearance and thinning in Canada and more are overwintering in Ontario. Significant increase in the west while Hawk Mountain counts showing a significant long-term decline. Overwintering may play a partial role in the latter observation.

Rough-legged Hawk Short-term fluctuations in response to rodent populations make data interpretation difficult but their population is apparently stable with Hawk Mountain noting a significant long-term increase.

American Kestrel Significant long-term increase at Hawk

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