PAGE roux THE GUARDIAN

Authorized or Second Class Mall Post Office Department. Ottawa. The island Guardian Publishing Co.

CIRCULATION

Total City Zone Retail Trading Zone All Others Total Net Paid Editor and Managing Director, J. R. Burnett Associate Editor, Frank WiIlker'

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink".

CIIA-l'IA;.0'I"Vl"ET0W.V, TUESDAY, MAY 29, IBM Aid For Education

The issue of Federal aid foi' education appears to have been shelved for the time being. and it is of course the less wealthy Provinces, such as Prince Edward Island, which can least afford to meet ever in- creasing educational costs out of the pre- vincial treasury. The chief argument used against Federal aid in this connection is the provision in the British North America Act, which makes education a matter of provincial jurisdiction. 'l'lie Canadian 'l'eacli- ers' Federation points out, in reply, that Federal expenditures on education and re- lated activities already amount to nearly h35,000,00U a year.

Some of these expenditures are direct through Federal Government departments for education of Indians, education in th:-: Northcrn Territories, veterans and militar:.I personnel. Other expenditures are indirect. such as youth and apprenticeship training. training of personnel under the National Health Grant programme. etc., the largest proportion of which is paid to the Pro- vincial Governments; and " lso aid to ed- ucational institutions for research pur- poses. '

If it is not wrong to give and to receive in these areas of education where only a small percentage of the population is directly affected, why should there be anything un- constitutional about similar transactions to assist the in-asses of young Canadians at vlenicntary and secondary school levels? This is the question posed by the Teachers” Federation. and so far it has not been sat- isfactorily answered. When it is realized that about one-tiiird of our young Cana- dians cnd their schooling in the elementary grades and that three-quarters never com- plete high school, it appears that the ed- ucation of this great majority of the future citizens of Canada might well be a concern" of Canada as a whole and that the Federal Government might extend its financial as- sistance to make possible more adequate facilities and better training for these young people. Since it is beyond the fi- nancial means of most of the Provinces and of the municipalities to do substantial- ly more. this conclusion is inescapable if inequalities are to be corrected, and the general level raised.

iifzix-tiatlierers Alli

Grocers in Quebec City intend to stop collecting the Provincial sales tax because the two per cent commission they are al- lowed does not compensate them tor the cost of accounting. The Quebec merch- ants are, of course, fortunate. Employers throughout, the country are obliged to col- lect Income Tax from their staffs without any compensation for the expense they an: put to.

Most Provincial sales tax levies are on a similar basis to the Federal Incoiue Tax. They are collected, free of charge, by the merchant who is almost. certainly an un- willing tax-gathcrcr. I

The peculiar iniquity of the system is that the ultimate taxpayer is not usually conscious of the nature of his payments. He thinks, in the one case, that his eni- ployer is paying lower wages than in fact he is, and in the other instance that the merchant is charging more for his goods than is actually the case. At the same time he remains sublimely unconscious of the fact that he is paying taxes or what his taxes amount. to in the course of a year.

Profits 8. The Labor .4...

Profits are usually anathema to people weaned politically on socialism. It is, there- fore. of more than passing significance that R British .Labor Party publication entitled "This Cost of Living Business" should state bluntly that profits are desirable and neces- sary to the successful operation of the Brit- ish economy.

The creation of reserves to pay for ex- pansion and re-equipment, as well as the additional money manufacturers want to pay shareholders must come from profits, says the Labor party publication. "If the money to pay for this were not raised from profits it would have to be raised in some other way."

Competition in industry also comes in for a word of praise in the Labor party pamphlet. "When prices are rising, and production and sales increasing," it is

' out, "profits are likely to be rel- atively high and rising. This is not to any

ing profits. Most consumer goods are made by a fairly large number of firms, the pro- fits of which vary between the leading and the less efficient firms."

That a decent profit-margin is a token of efficient management is apparent to most business men. The penalty of in- efficiency is failure. What is significant is that British Labor recognizes profits as symbolizing a healthy economy, efficient production and competitive marketing. ”This Cost of Living Business" is recom- mended reading for Liberals, Progressive Conseifvatives and CCF'ers alike.

l':Dl IURIAL NOIE3

Interest is widespread in the Drama Festival finals at Parkdale Ilall. Drama is enjoying a real revival here.

it 3 iv

It's National Tourist Service Week but the object is to assure tourists of the best possible service any week they happen to be here.

0 O 0

Oak Apple Day. Oak is probably no longer worn in commemoration of the Royal Oak incident on this anniversary of the restoration of Charles II, 1660.

(1 O 9

Classes ai'e ovei' for the college boys and girls but railwaymen are starting school all over again, the curriculum being the new standard train operating rules.

0 C V

A nineteen per cent increase in store sales for the first quarter of the present year is highly satisfactory, and. better still, the prospects for the subsequent quarters are good.

I O I

The success of U. N. forces in Korea should not lead to excessive optimism. The lads out there can kill and capture Com- munists but the end of such a campaign can only be political. not military.

0 O 0

Almost wherever one goes an Islander or Islanders may be found, hence it is not surprising that not a few of them are fat the front where dangers lie. They have adventure in their blood.

0 I l

Civil Defence, like charity, begins at home. Every individual should take steps to assure his being able to carry on his necessary duties in case of emergency and at the same time give thought to what com- munity service he, or she, can give to help others to carry on also.

it 0 i

A 30 per cent reduction in potato acre- age all over Canada, and in the U. S. potato belt would prove a blessing indeed. Unlike grain, potatoes are a perishable crop and cannot be held over, or exporterl abroad to any considerable extent.

C I N I The blood donors do not make much display, but nevertheless they are ac- complishing a worthwhile job, and receive the blessing of many more than Mrs. Walt- er MacLeaii, Georgetown. who wrote in our yesterday's issue so appreciatively of the work being accomplished. I D 1

In the last: eighteen months the price of wool has shot to record heights. The rise has been so fast that makers of clothes. blankets, and scores of other products, couldn't even pretend to offer firm quota- tions. Naturally there was a new scramble for substitutes and someone remembered Cuprama, a new synthetic product origin- ated in Germany. According to the Fi- nancial Post, this substitute for wool will be on the Canadian market soon. It is said to look. feel and wear like wool. but costs only a fraction as much.

I O C

A 554,000,000 Island tourist business is to be encouraged, and thus Hon. J. Wilfred Arsenault takes time out to remind us that it is not only hotels, tourist cabins, etc., that are the beneficiaries, but the whole Province through the circulation of that immense amount of money, earned in the comparatively short period of three months or so. We have a Province well worth visiting, and very many of those who come for the first time, return again and again. The opening week of July should see many ”fii'st-timers” here, and it is the business of all of us to see that they have a good time to warrant their returning.

I U A

Ten years ago, on May 29, 1941. an of- ficial Gcrman communique announced that the fate of the British and French armies on the continent was sealed. Beaten and driven into the channel, it appeared that nothing short of a miracle could save them. That miracle happened. It was the miracle of Dunkirk. Slowly and in good order the British and French armies withdrew to- wards the beaches of the French port where the naval forces of the two coun- tries had assembled the most fantastic col- lection of rescue vessels the world had ever seen. When the Germans at last en- tered Dunkirk on June 4 they found a mined port from which their prey had

that all firms or all industrlesiwilia be mak-

93039911

THE

GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN some Day The Books May Balance

?g1SSl9II

' cc ., was SAVED:-xQ

1-.”lR'E; 1'liKEN”: i :3...- U” lo-I-1va"A13a' M-'-"' rl3':'5”l , :rsv”,...--”””'

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in. the course of erection, cannot fail to observe an almost total ab- sence of urchitecturzil taste in their exterior finish. There are, indeed. ii few honourable except-

ions. in both public and private buildings. and it is to be hoped that these examples may be

emulated by those of our citizens who may build in future. The School of the Christian Brothers, on Queen Square, Mrs. Lowden's new dwelling-house, and a few others. are particularly worthy of notice, as they evince an amount of taste in their construction al- together unusual in our city. . . "With admirable foresight the orectors of our Colonial Building did not allow any cheap, rough structure to be raised; and their work still remains the only cred- itable Government building we possess, though now, indeed. llirough the negligence of the present Government, in n dilap- idated and dirty condition. Anti let. its hope that, when the tnlkctl of Court llousc is built, our cit- izens will firmly set their fnccs against any disfiguring additions or wings being made to the pre- sent biillding; and that the more cost of 1: piece of land will not be allowed to prevent the erection of a separate building for the Court House and Post Office. The Government. already possesses -I plan which. with in few trlflin-,' Improvements. might. be render- ed ull that could be desired both llS regards convenience and ap- peziriinec. It would be well if the suggestion to place it on the corn- cr of Great George Street and Queen Square. opposite the Non- astery, were carried out. as it would he ii vast improvement to that part of the city.”

- The Islander. Aug. 27. 1369.

THE WAVES OF BREFFNY

The grnnti road from the moun- talii goes shining to the sea.

And there is traffic on it. and many a horse and cart:

But. the little roads of Cloonagb are dearer far to me.

And the little roads of Cloonagh go rambling through my heart.

A great slorm from the ocean goes shouting o'er the hill.

And there is glory in ii, nnd ter- ror on thn wind:

But. the haunted nlr of t.witl::ht. is very strange and still.

And the little winds of twilight are dearer to my mind.

The great waves of the Atlantic sweep storming on their

WAY.

Shining green and sllvci with the hidden herring shoal;

But. the little waves of Breffny have drenched my heart in

5lJl'a,Vo

And the little waves of Breffny gnysiumbllng through my sou ,

-Eva Gore-Booth.

VANCO.l-JV!-:5; -(cFi- Repairing

the roof of his th:-ee-story home, B2-year-old Duncan Murray tied one end of n rope to the chimney and the other to himself. He col- lapsed while working but the line held him dangling until 1 nelgn- bor rescued him.

iAllison M. Gillis. l.I..I.

BAIBISTEI. SOIJCITOI, E06.

180 Richmond St. - Clrtown.

Phone I00

ci.'nxnhM' . '

against inflation. says the cur. rent Monthly Review of The Bank of Nova Scotia in the sec- ond of two numbers on the sub- Ject of inflation.

These policies gel at the cause of inflation-excessive demand. ll: may be that. they were not ap- plied soon enough. Possibly they are not yet being applied to 3 sufficient degree. But there can be no doubt that they represent the right approach to the prob- Iem of inflation, for unless de- mand and the supply of money and credit that support it: can be restrained there is little prospect of controlling inflation.

Referring to the budget. the review observes that. though it cannot be regarded as too severe, it contains significant tax in- creases pretty well across the board and is accompanied by a 50710115 P0140? of credit restraint. It endeavours to raise the needed funds in a manner that will not seriously affect incentives to Pmdllce. and it deliberately al- tcm-pts to restrain spending in those areas of the economy where shortages have developed or are threatening.

O O O I

.The principal revenue-produc. mg measures in the budget main- tain the existing balance of the tax structure and in fact simply raise the-three major taxes,-the personal income. corporate in- come. and sales taxes-by tough.

the same proportion. Com. menting on the increase on the sales tax the Review points out that. though this tax is fre. fluently attacked on the ground that it falls most heavily on the lower income groups. this we. grcssivc" tendency is in reality much reduced by the fact that it exempts most foods. fuel and Cleclvflcliy. and of course ren- tals. Since it. was essential to exercise some restraining effect.

on I personal consumption, the choice lay between an increase in the sales tax and I. much

sharper increase in the personal

income tax which might have involved a lowering of ex- omptions. The income tax,

though in some ways the most Ccll-Iltible type of taxation, rc- duees take-home pay and dir. eetly affects incentives to pro. duce. The sales tax, on the other hand. does not affect. incentives.

The budget. contains scvc;-at otner measures which are or Special importance from the standpoint of combatting in. flation. it. makes a direct nu,-wk on spending In the sphere of consumer durable foods through increasing and widen iii the lp. plloatlon of special excise taxes

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: g . , (.3; I . 1:- , Na .1, is .-Me F-'rsM 2 5. 3 digleeel-ngl 123.:-9 Mvkplo -P gess 9lzc. ' pi RIM”.-I - rain ca 11;-11,18. yo We fl-SS an. ' Quil- NTVI . ;rOi”lQTd"”?W4Bri0r950s4-1:; what can Be Done ' uxu: g iariotlelown About Inflation? -I-he -l V . . A mild "- 3- U m (Monthly IISJSVIEW of the Bank of 'a '- (JXSIGHTLY BUILDINGS ova Scotla) " "WW5

,, mm-' g Finally brethren, whntooever

g A :m:nf;ei'. upon first looking Jmlet Ipiglcyt M ,m”"”iary "I things Illa true. whatsoever things glluun U”i'10”9!0lljl!. and seeing Sm”): 4”, he fl-V331 m935Ul'e5 are honest, whatsoever things are be numerous buildings that have cc'mal"ed "1 We F9990” budget just, whnuoevor things are pure. een retently put up, and those constitute a fundamental attack yvlntgoaver uungg no lovely,

whatsoever things no of good re- port: if there be any virtue. Iflll if there be my pulse. think on these things.

on such things as automobiles and household electrical goods, and also in the sphere of capital investment through a system of deferred depreciation. This lat.- ter device is designed to re- strict outlays wluch are attrac- tive not so much because of their long-term potentialities as be- cause of the expectation of high profits and high corporate taxes in the next few years. 3 0 0

The Review describes the pol- icy of credit and monetary re- straint. including the specific restrictions. such as those on consumer and housing credit. and the general tightening in bank lending policies. It points out that supporting the whole policy of credit restraint is the Bank of Canada's policy of exercising I restrictive influence in making cash available to the banking system. By preventing the cash reserves of the banks from in- creasing the central bank can prevent expansion in the total supply of credit-. The pursuit of such a policy. however, almost inevitably involves an increase in interest rates.

If the very large holdings of government securities are con- vertible into cash at par or bet- ter at a time when the demand for credit is great, the supply of money will be enhanced from this source and it. will be ex- tremely difficult, if possible at all, to pursue an effective policy of credit restraint. Thus ll gen- uine policy of monetary re- straint. involves some decline in bond prices which will check the desire of holders to sail their bonds. This iii the reason why the Bank of Canada has ceased supporting the market. for gov- ernment bond: at par and why bond prices have recently de- clined. It would be small com- fort to the holders of govern- ment bonds it these securities were maintained at par at the cost of adding new fuel to the fires of inflation and further dc- preolatzing the real value of these securities.

I 0 O O

The Review also discusses the questaion of price control. It; points out that I serious effort. to im- pose price control means in effect abandonment. of the price system as the governing mech- anism in the economy and sub- stitution of government respon- nibility for directing production and distribution. From the time

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ALLISON P. Mc.I.lAN-District Mlllller It llmlulrllllo CYIIJB A. 3. BIIAW-Dintrlct Manager at Molibnlo THOMAS HMVINN-llloelnl Ioimmmuvo

FIANR L MIcNU1'T-Representative It lanllngton E. 'l'. MYIIS-Representative at Bltmdnlo

' lem of export controls

with a magnifying glass muttering "If that's the wolf Rock we're OK, but if it's just. another spot of pie crust, we're half way over to America."-(BBC London Lei.- ter.)

Pun-ring drowlily in the Spring sunshine. the perfect cat watches birds without interfering with their housekeeping. If mice invade the larder. it kills them without more ado and without carrying its catch into the dining room. If the meat ration lies exposed all the afternoon on the kitchen table. it will be no safe as if the cats were vegetarians. If 9. ball of wool is

that price ceilings were impos- ed, the Govemmen-t would be faced with an increasing number of decisions involving the choice between more control: and re- treat from the ceilings estab- lished. There in no doubt that the Government would have to deal right away with the prob- and im- port prices and subsidies. and not much later with that of wage and nlary controls. And in time if the policy were pursued finmly, controls over production, manpower, a n d distribution would also be involved. 0 O I O

The Review observes that while a system of over-all contmls is necessary in wartime, a policy of freezing the price system would be open to grave ques- tion today. The defence program as now planned is equivalent to less than 1072 of the national production in Canada and around 1893 in the United States. Some aim or more of a rising national production will still be available for civilian purposes. There should be enough goods and services to provide for I standard of living only slightly lower than that of the last few years and for a still large in- vestment "program. In this cir- cumstances it seems hardly credible that it should be no- cessary to dispense with the clear advantage: of the price system and accept the obvious disadvantages of I controlled

IJNotes By The Way

one day we nude a pie-than wu no butter or margarine tn the stores no we had to do with olive oil, and to roll the pastry we had to use a bottle filled with cold water. and work it: on the chart: table. Well. the pie was fine. but I. foiv day: later we had troublia with the navigation. I remember the skipper bending over the chart

MAY 29. 1951

i

left on an nrmchalixlt is no ”opelesaly ravelled under ttiefglgild somewhere there must, be men 't cat. Let it be black or white :3; by or tortolseshell, let glngg, 3,; hot on its fur-every kitten sham be taught to follow in its gwd marks. Mankind, shamed by 1,; perfection, will blush to recall nu odious old sayings. No one wm speak again of swinging a, cat 0, of letting it out of the bug or '0, watching which way it jump, um how it walks on hot bricks. t,r',',",. the ideal is dlacovered...the my will stand that the only perfecg, on in a kitten.- (London Times, :- - L.

The startling prediction is ...5. by Harvard Professor Ernest A Hooton that public illiteracy, mg. ered by the radio and movlcswwu; be made almost complete by me, vision. Professor Hooton saysnim the modern generation has loam at pictures and listened to broad. casting so much that it has lost

OCOIIOITIY.

the faculty for taking in in. meaning of print. This has be. come so widespread that mam schools and colleges have had ti

.glve special courses to teach then

students to read. He implies that unless something is done to resign the popularity of reading. we sin); drift into I strange era. in wine Hollywood will be the ediicatlon

centre of America and the to; floor of the Empire state building the peak of public enlightenment, Is it possible the CBC has not been lethargic at. all in this matter, but has been exceedingly for-slghtrzw- (Vancouver Sun.)

Liberty of the press. like demor- racy itself, depcndnoii public opm. ion, on the political and social t-1;. velopment. of a nation. It. 13 pet. haps because the population of In. the is still far from being suffic- iently mature that the dangers of press freedom require eiiergetlc general security measures. Com- mentators who recall Nclii-in struggle: for liberty reproach him for his present attitude, reminding him that liberty is invisible. Thar: true, but liberty is invisible ei'ci:i-- where. And abuses camp in: faults of omission and sins acaiiis: the levels of values in news. uhicli are committed here under cover of the liberty of the press, do no: fail to falsify opinion and under- mine our society. The experimcm which the Nehru Government a about to undertake will .be inter- ratlng to follow, for all demeczau lea need to find 3 means of sun- pressing abuses without handicap- ping the necessary liberty of the press.-- (Le Devoli-, Montreal:

PROFESSIONAL CARDS

Palmer 8: Haslam A. J. HASLAM. B.A.. LL43. Barrister. Etc. Bank of Nov: Scott: unmben Chulottetown, P. E. l. s MONEY TO LOAN

J. A. McGuiqan

IAIIRISTER. SOLICITOII. Ito. NOTARY, ETC. BARBISTER, BOLICITOB CUBBIE BUILDING

Dr. W. R. Carson Chiropractor Palmer Gndnta CHABLOTTETOWN 201 Prince St. Phone I075

Boll. Mufliioson &

Foster Barristers. Solicitors. ctc. R. R. BELL, K.C.

D. L MATHIESON. LL.B.. KC. 6. R. FOSTER, LL.B. Loam on City and Farm Properties.

150 Richmond Street Charlottetown. P. E. X.

A.- Vllallhen Gander. LL.B.

BABBISTEB. SOLICITOB. Eta. - Phillipa Building In Grafton sum: Money In Loan . r --

.l. S. TAYLOR

Oplaolllelrllt lye: eninlned. glosses fitted.

Corner Kent 5 Queen stu. offlu Phon I956-lloulo I01:

M. Albun Farmer B. A., LL. I. MONTE! To LOAN Charlottetown, P. E. L

Chas. R. Mcqtuqid

B.A. BAIIRISTER, SOLICITOR, NOTARY. Etc, E-stern Ti-not Building Cl1ARl.0'l'l'E'l'0wN Phone 1111

' mguudef .& Haszcrd

ERT A. GAUDET. 3. AL, LL! Bnrrlntcn and solicitors ' Money to Loan umdlnn Bank of Commerce Bldg

Joseph R. MacMillun. LL.B.

BARRISTER. SOLICITOR. not 75 Queen street

riioiw. no M0"?! to Loan

Collection

FREDERIC A. LARGE. K. C.

Barrister. Solicitor. Notary Royal Bank of Canada Bulidinr Charlottetown. P. E. I. LOANS ON CITY AND FARM PROPERTIES

Mctlieson 8: Peake

A. W. MATHESON, it.u. A. ll. PEAKE. 8.11.. LL. B. Bnrrlutsn. etc. Collection: - Money to Lon

90 G"-'ll George Street Charlottetown

union 4. sum o.n.

0I'TOMETIlIS'r I355 Kent Street

PHONE an Adjoining North American Hotel

MucPliu In Trainer

l.l'. MIGPIIEE. B.An KO.

I. BOBIIIILBD 'l'Il.lllNOIl. I. A. In , .-to.

.4.

'J. A. CARRli'l'lll-IRS

OP'l'0MlL'l'RlS'P PHONE 2872

123 Kent Street (Next to Simpson: Asmcrl

John P. Nicholson. LL.I.

IARBIITIII. I0!-ICITOI. Its

In PHJQ IL. I mIC”"

CIIWOWI

44

Dr. A. l.. Muclsnac

I DENTIST Dental X - RI!

ILOBIA BUILDING I'll Grptlon 53 Plnmc :9! i

ll;

Vancouver. Ilrlhll oIMolQ.cIuIoIItton

IKDOANIJIOO. '

Ulullnl Accountants '

Ill Grout Georg. Itrect. Olulottotowll -, Iuuloinh W. Mnnnlnl. 0- 5- ,-

lnlo P. MnoPInrunI. c"'

w. (lrut neuron. 04-

Ptwncu IIO . mi

IMDONALD. Ollllllll I O0. ' 3

. , cum-nun AOOOUNTANTI x - Montreal. Qnlomothwn, mph. t uh. IOIIOUI.

OA.

um um. IImbr'0""' ppnnm.