scarves? s11. 1oz

THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

PAGE ‘THIRTEEN

FQR FARM§RS, STOCK BREEDERS and (IARDENERS

/

"Tile Chemist's Shop“

That is what. we called the gist-b stole in our vllbtge quarters of a century ago. It was g very different establishment 1.0m what we contemplate to-dav. md was ,so to speak. lust one jump nhtad of the herbalists or apath- eqaryg shop of the Middle Ages! Oll my very infrequent visits lo town I see the drug store windows resplendent with all kinds of t.- ent medicines. toilet and m icai requisites, carefully packeied in ulrgppIDgS that snow as much care ll. the packing as may be presumed in the manufature of the contents. More than that my astozfshed gaze lights on objects which seem to be utterly foreign tc the design of the pharmacist; fishing rods. cameras, (which had only n to invade the chemist! u- uniers in my middle n25) pipes, tobaccos and cigarettes, und a host of nick- nacks that almost disgusetile moi ccrncter of the escblilhment.

I can easliy remember the quaint chznlistls shop in the main street of our village. a street without a name in thcso Viclorian days! The one remarkable feature of the shop- wlnccws was a row of huge globu- lgr glass vessels containing mys- lcrlcus-looking colored fluids red, blue, green and yellow; dull-look- lnz by day, but showing tinted lights across the dimlv illuminated

drug- three-

sldellvalle atlnight. The squatted on a shelf half-way up e window and below them. ‘led off from

lhg public, were a. least half s. dozen bottles of "pain-killer," and other simples. Ev ing about the place was scrupu oilsly clean. l-he middle-aged "lady chemist," a... fall brunette with a "severe. (not to v ill-tempered) countenance, law o that. It was the era oi’ “llalr oil," and a i/wo gallon Jar of boat's grease (real or supposed) stood on the counter, an indispen- sibie requisite for the young bucks who went to church, or wished to lillpr€€5 their lady friends with their slick locks! .To the school- boy tilis vanity of anointing was lust another nuisance to be en-. lured as patiently as might be: his real attention was taken up by the bundle of llquonice roots hanging on the wall, or the drawer marked lcaDzCAL wherein was stored the Calamus root. or even that con- taining orris root, though the lat- iel was not so good chewing! (No chi-wing gum these days.)

Probably our chemist had never heard of a Pharmaceutical society. but from long experience she knew as much of the general run of mal- adies that laid $1989 to the rustics, as dd the regular country doctors of the day. With the greatest of rangfroid she would prepare “a bottle" for this or that. and the more horrible the flavor the more efficacious the dose was supposed lc be! At least, that was the im- prez-lon we received in our th- flll innocence. Being. a rifty p-onlc. our villagers never throw away any medicine not consumed: lllev dumped it into a bottle along with other “remnants? and used the mixture as agpanscea for any obscure nlafavdy. sure that some one oi the ingredients would hit the

mark! _ Our diemist, hf he: chun- lcals in bulk. and suppose they

would be classified as ‘commer clal" or unrefined today. For in- llancc the Epsom Salts. (used then Ls a. remedy tur- rnsny ailments from tootache upwards), arrived at her shop in a rough box, was put into s. lnrgedrswer, and even- .ually ladled onto the scales 17y means of a scoop before delivery 1o ihe customer. l Now-a-dI-yfl "Salts" is DBAIYQUCP‘ at the factory. and the druggfst is saved most of the trouble: perhaps. too. the qual- ity of the product is a little better. But if one of the old villagers could be recalled. he would: tell us that we are getting one-third of the commodity for twice the mone he aid. In the years between ere ave been losses as l1 as gill"!- One of the chief g ins. as I see it. has been the standardization of the crude materials sold in the old- en days. The old apothec re- lied on natural raw mat ‘s- leeves, roots, seeds. and even N?“ of afilmals- to work s cures. Olen 11E must have b ‘n puzzled whcn his concoctions d not. do the work he intended them to do. 1'11“ " arch laboratories took his note ial=. exiractedytfieir curative iifr"'rles and ensured uniformity in th-lr action: the uncertainty. the "near-work. was elimmatrd. And so w: fricé- Palm of the 01d V"l'"“ chemist‘! shop wi‘~h lt-‘i ilrr~i rhurchflike solemnitv of l"vl“s"l~"e. "It. served its gener- ilirn well. after all i

NOTES 0N ISLAND PLANTS

The Lernnacene

W9 have only a single - rntrtivs of this family on our 8t vile ‘or-er Ducklwe-d. Iemua ml"- '"' 0! UYl-w-uls. The Lemmas-one "“'1"r’- the smallest or our flow- "l" nl-lnla. L. minor being merely " \”“""~‘"h f-rnv or lefl chout- 2 t0 51"". in riiarnrter, The minute "1"". and needs are gel/tom rh- "Weii. and psrheys are not pio-

i unsettle? cat's

"'""' I or mo»

- ;NEWSY NOTES -

l? AGI-IOOLA

ouced at all with us. has. however other means or m. "u". Vi!» y proliferous wth of a new individual from l; gait in the parent. frond. and by the . ductlon of minute buibils in m- .‘.‘i“‘l‘l‘l..“‘.i..ii".°.i..““if,,ige"*e time Spring mate till

Readers will have gathered that if“ B e water plant; so it u, but 1B Very particular about the kind of water it inhabits. Onl still pools °T Bhlsnant ditcha wl do, and "M" web special conditions it covers the surface with a "mat" of a beautiful green color. our plant BTOWs in all temperate regions and is found in Britain from land's End t; the Orkncyo. On the Island I cam. across it in abundance near Campbell's Mills, Now w, and there "$51 to be (and psrha still is) a pond covered with Dung: . in a field a little way south of the I-lilisboro Bridge.

Duckweeds are relished by most of our ducks and in the case cf Wood, Ducks some of the stomachs examned contained no other food, thousands of plants being present. “In. the first lot examined," says a Game Bulletin, "were s mallards. and druckweeds com an aver- s e of more than per cent. of

eir stomach ‘ ." These glint: also go to feed the Black

ck, Gadwall, Blue-winged and Green-winged Teals, Pentail, and the Blue Bill or Greater Bcaup Duck. As duckweeds sink at the approach of cold weather, they are available with us during only the warmer months.

Pontederinceue

One member of this family, the Pontcdelris col-data l», commonly called Pickerol Weed, ' has been successfully introduced into a $1 at Southport by Profwsor W. - din. of P. W. C. staff. The plant is notable as puoducing a spike of blue flowers. a color seldom met with in water lants. Besides its artistic effect the "water-gard- en," the Pickerel Weed is listed as a duck food in the Bulletin afore- énoentioned. but. no particulars are

ven.

Educational Value of Music

A friend in Deniercs, Bnghnd, has sent me an account. of the Dcuntseyb school. at West Lav- ingtorl. school was founded about the middle of the sixtcenth century by Alderman Wm. Daunt- sey, who ft funds to erect a "Bchole," and to pay a. “Ilcacher of Gmmer." It is a kind of Pub- lic Sdiool now, with 350 boys in attendance. and a curriculum which made me open my eyes.

’ languages, Classics. ed Mathematics. Biglneerlng-

tterrls." and make cast- ings from them: and many other Branches of Education. Natural History and Biology. Botany and zoology. are under the care of men with oambridae degrees. My friend has tumed over to the school (of which he is one of the Governors) his unique collection of 800 species of British plants. which are being transplanted into the Biological

Garden.

But it is the music that I desire go bring before your attention. ‘The study of Music," says the history,” apart from its artl-tic and refining influence, provides one of the best methods train- ing the mind, and encourages to l marked degree the qualities of foresight. alertness, and co-ordin- ation of eye, ear, and muscle, which are of lasting value to a boy. what- ever his fuiure occupation in life mgy us." There is a School Choir of about i0 voices and an Orches- tra of about 30 players and re hears’; nls‘ are held weakly . All forms (classes) up to 1V2. receive mlislofll instruction during school periods- two lessons of twenty minutes with weekly. 1n addition to the. indi- vidual lessons ail string and wind pupils attend ensemble classa once a week. the strings being di- vided into senior and junior sec-

ticns. th l ‘l The Or- chgslilrg.‘ guys five“ “in late years layed movement; from COIICBHAN! or flute, oboe. clarinet. vigliln 8él“i’.‘.’i‘°i..€i.‘?‘°§..8’ Eli.” u... ments iron‘; 2321165 by Haydn- Mgzlalbtertnand Sulivanis "Rial By Jury" was staged last F1811, will} I . 893 1'18 0:? tiilgllfiil-olllgtflileexlifloniaved 5° often. The °Dera vrovedp if; be l‘; great success. thougth all mfrm! w- i"°&?°l.l“€l.°ul'5‘l° P ~ with? 3i this point. it may not be mug-rout of place to mention that ths boys have a dramatic 2.“.‘ié%..“‘.i..§”‘“f€3§‘.£.§'ilefilu. ... tn Burning le." a play by Baeaumont and Fletcher. It ls a skit “ti? fiifiitln ‘it’ m3‘ miilléii an or the audiences of_ Eliwbvgll“ days. (Part of the sudtffinootln ‘i215: $3.132} mill. ti... .°. infill... Arlother play grformed last y!" 1m: ‘Brldlck . nge .’ ' a pin was amusin and ‘Sal-Of “i0 Tn"sb1"'l'vu';lfn€g' ‘nigh wit‘. 1.3. gatigfyinl. er npphrln "s _. style of acting ‘goof’? we l W"

it “slicer”

The plant '

- CONSERVATION I

l WIIKL! DOOLUfl OI Il-AUHOAI- OPIIUONS OI THE VITAL ISSUES AFIIOTING TIII U!!! AND ABUSE! 0F

i

831119. "M:

“What ails the cause of forest OOIIBBWBUOH is B state of ‘mind. the legacy of generations fed on distorted information-J’

He obviously, refers to the Cana- dian state of mind. Broadly speak- ing, it has not been distorted in- formation, but entire lack of in- formation regardlng the need

up 0o a few years ago. In the Unit- ed States of America the late Pres- ident Theodore Roosevelt is named by the officials of the American Game Protective Association as the original promoter of conserva- lon of both forest and game. Roosevelt’ labours for this purpose are too wel known to need naming hone. l-Ie asked for support, and demanded favorable legislation. l-le got both. Not that many other men and women did not also work dill- Befli-ly to save forest. scenery and Home: but Roosevelt was , ‘ by nature and position to accom- plish much while others talked. He focused public attention on the need of conservation, and then Fro- od to use the influence hus gained to push through protective aws. He was no diettsntq as a naturalist, and no stranger tc lumber woods or range. When he 541K911 ho knew his subject. Also. he was resfponsible for a large amount: of in ormative publicity. His sons‘ are now carrying on the wor

History proves that it takes a long time for individual thought to group and move for the public.

. It takes some considerable riod of time to work up a revolu- ion. Much injustice has first-to be p etuated. The need for conser- vat on has been driven homo in just that way. In Europe large estates and anti-trespass laws have done much to save both forest and game. ' Dire need, over populated countries and actual lack of natur- al resources have forced the con- trolling powers to tree atieck on s. ripe conifer. In chopping these saplings the man had destroyed trees which already had been grow- ing from five to fifteen years. They would have made an excellent start toward re-timbering the land. People do not think and care less. When the land owners are educat- ed about conservation ncedsawhen

forced. when con actors are held to rigid restrictions as to size of tree to be cut. when children are taught to revere trees and plant “lbflktifmfl, and then ‘silly, cpn one expoc to an presson on conservation which has been the actual axe-man who does the chopping. - Reforestation. either natural or artificial. is beginning to attract attention. This is one of the en-

“couraging signs. The writer had

some correspondence with the late Luther Burbank regarding growing oi‘ "paper trees." Burbank states in his letters that it is pos-

story ran-how true ii. was I call- noi. sax-their the ‘Ibwn Oouncll asked er to open the High bevel Bridge over the ‘ryne (Feb. 4th. 1860). and afterwards sent her the bill for her hotel expenses! (Abel'- donians get a. thrifty name but they cannot beat that.) Anyway. the Queen never paid Newcaste another visit. y Field Bindwcod, This like its N1‘ ailive the H e Bindweed, is ack- nowled ‘ to a very trouble- some plant and hard to get rid of. There is one way of dealing-with it that seems to be overlooked, or maybe ls not generally known- Pigs are especially fond of the root. and if allowed on the ground where it is growin will clear out every inst half-inc . A corner of the barnyard was infested with bind- weed last year, buts group of young pigs found it and grubbed it out most effectively. Notable Words. Not, long ago I‘ read a list of famous ‘ ,,_. and to my surprise it was headed: “Call no man happy till he is dead. (Rcspice finem). "lemon." That monarch is credited with a good many sayings of a istic and cynical character, but I "hire ma doois" about that one. I have al- ways supposed it to be an epigram of an old Greek philosopher. Can any reader enlig ten mo? And what has "Respioe flrlem" to. do with it‘? It means "Inok to the end"—~ wot-ch. your step!" It is true that Monkbarns, in Scots "Antiquary", (Chap. VIII) uses it in a restricted sense when he says “ cspice finem. resoice flrlem~ ook to your end-loo to a ropes nd-l" but ‘the old fellow was a ways 1'" A Primer or inf-Study is the title of a little pamphlet v Emest In crsoil; and I never. read ii wi out getting a fresh interest m that particular line of Natural His- tory. It is published by the Au- dubon Society, 1974» Broldway. New York City, at a merely er does not kind

inal price. This prim to distinguish one

. uestions connected

nlciure. which wouidbs pusslinl oven to the teacher of science. I bought my copy in 1016 and it was money well spen .

Coming

IWATUIAL BIBOUICIS BY Ill. LUDIJOW JENKINS. MAIGIIIIIID. ‘ (Ctilltifluod) able to grow a “sixty-year old" nif in year t l in A Canadian editor of a first- tiomefrarld ‘firm the‘: w ioiiavg class magazine. with columns de- a better fibre than any natural voted to the saving of forest and tree now has. He did the same

the at t

thing with a walnut tree. He also said it was a job for a government or an endowment, as many years would be required to accomplish the selective rocess necessary to enablish plant ng stock. _

It is something to think about. No doubt, it could be done.

On the side of conservation much is being aowmpijlgd. In the fiPili-ion of the secretary of the American Game Protective Assoc- iation. the anti-sale laws have been most, effective in checking the il-

l killing of game. The famous Migratory Bird Law. in which Can- ada. and the U. B. A. combine, has been very effective in protecting ducks. geese and other game birds. The establishment of a great for- est reserves and game sanctuaries is playing a most, important part in conservation. Propaganda by magazine and n. per in favour of conservation is doing a great deal. and the school children are beln taught the meaning of it all. Stocking streams and lakes with fish from public hatcheries is an established suoccm, and restraining laws are beginning to be enforced in s its of ocal litics- A glance at late laws ing passed in nearly all the states and rovinces in North America shows een ap- preciation of the requirements of conservation. Nearly all cities and states have conservation commis- sioners. Lest year 25,000,000 young coniferous trees were distributed by the New York State Conserva- tion Commission to schools, icwns. clubs and municipalities for plant- ing. These were grown in nurseries.

Nova Sootia has passed the only reactionary law relating to ' e that has come to the notice the writer in somq years. law per- mits izhe killing of female moose and deer for ten days in December. How such a. mistake could be made. is h to conceive. Perhaps they 8Y9 lofilslating down to the poach- er. All the authorities outside of Nova Bootia with whom has been the writer's privilege to dis- cuss this Nova Bcotia law sav that polit'cs should be kept out of "con- servation". But mavhap politics must be reckoned one of the big problems to be met.

Drum Wheat as a. Poultry Feed

llmpqllmental rbriiu News)

The results of feeding tests com- menced in the autumn of 1937 at the Dominion Experimental Iinrrn, Brandon, Man, s ow drum wheat to be equal in feeding value to ' common wheat for laying poultry a m R. M. Ho per. Four pens with fifty birds n each were fed 10!‘ H- Dcrlod of eight months on well balanced rations that. were made up of fifty per cent wheat, and the remaining fifty per cent of a. mixture of oats, barley. and com. t ether with meal and oth- or supp ements commonly usecl in the laying ration for poultry. The only difference ill tile two cations used was that one included fifty per cent. of durum wheat. and the other included fifty per cent. of common wheat.

With common wheat t e uro- duction of the birds rlur ng the full period was 67.1 per cent, and those receiving durum wheat pro- duced 00.4 per; cent. ‘There was no difference in the average weight of eggs produced by the birds re- ceiving the different rations. and the average gain in bouv weight. per bird durin the eicht-nlnnths period was .5 pounds for the common wheat and .69 pounds for the durum wheat. The death rate of the birds during the that was low with both groups, and averag- ed only three pe-r cent.

The chemical analyses of lilcsc two whezlts when ilk-ill’! under similar 201111110115 vary but little. The total quantity of protein con- tained is s-nllhr. bu; in quslily of protein there is a marked dif- ference as shown by their widely differ-in uses as human food. In spite o this difference in quality of protein. there is evidenllv very little, if any. difference in their feeding value for laying nuultry. The relative market value s of these two wheels would anneal‘. therefore. ‘U13 sole rnnslderaiinrl in the choice of wheat for use in- the laying ration.

Issued by the Press and Pub- licity and Extension Division. Dept. ofdggriculture Ottawa. Canada, ( .

OHELTON _WOMIN‘S INSTITUTE

The monthly meeting of the Ohelton Women's Institute was held in the schoolhouse Wednes- day evening, Rb. 1st with the President Mrs. Earl I‘ in the chair. Meeting opened by re- peating Creed and roll call was answered with s Valentine verse." ‘rho business consistcd of appoint.- in: new commlttces, deciding to send for quilt patches and plan-l ning for a Valet-inc social to be. held in the near future. The pro- gram for the evening was on the theme, "Agriculture" and was in

m4 g ppm- (m, "Birds and Their

u. luv-w w no.

TIMELY NOTES ON TOPICS CONNECTED WITH

Silver Fox Farming 2'

f‘

George Lilly, Malwucl" of Midl-

Foxes and Furs l..td., ranch, t. Peters Road. returned evening from a trip thro _ to Wisconsin, where he visit-

ranch, head olllce and fur sales building at Lilo eama place.

Mr. l..1-lly_say_, lilac the American National lvlli lnls year handle be- tween 80.0w and 90.001) of the 200,- 000 silver fox pelts produced in the U S. A. “Iincy have one of the fin- est syslemsgof gr I have ever seen. and as the pelts in a ‘parcel’ look identical. They showed me pelts from Michigan, Idaho Nebraska, and various other mates of the Union. Those from Idaho were of enormous size but very chalky, fiat and open. However, the color was good, They have no iu -worm, hsokworm or other parasit c troubles Idaho. The Nebraska. skins were also of good color and mostly of tilt! lull SilVCl‘ variety.

"Fromm Bros. auction up.» lo lake

‘ on Monday iasl. but 1 could not stay iur it," said Mr. Lri/ly. They had 12,000 Fromm pedigreed skills listed and 28,000 Fedora ‘l- vers, winch were ubtalncd from oth- er fox breeders on consignment. Hotels were fuil of buyers Oil Bat- urday and Sunday, which _ “viewing days" and it was very LI).- terestin tc listen to the comments after they hsd gone over a consid- erable number of_ the pelts. S me were of the opinion that. it wi.l be more difficult in the luturc to get, buyers to muko uhe ioug trok to Wausau if they call gel. W113i. they want l.n New York. ‘Iihe are wide boards for pelting, to show up all tlhe fur on the fox, or nearly all. so that the buyer doel not have to turn the skin over to see the belly part. l. did 110i. like it 8s well. as the sides look very open. The heads are sirctclled wide and you can stick your fingers ln the eye-hoes.