t

a

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“RAGE 4 THURSDAY, AUGUST .26, 1965.

hes in

on

sland and

of Circ vlation

Just Another Rumor?

If John Diefenbaker is a spent force politically. as his’ critics con- tend, .at least he hasn't lost his skill in tossing verbal grenades into the enemy's trenches. That's where he he has been carrying the fight lately. It was in, Liberal Quebec that he ob- served, with withering sarcasm the other day: ‘‘\! hen you-have a govern- ment that tries to turn a banana into a backbone, you can understand some of the uncertainties of the past two

years.” The flabby backbone has been all too evident in Liberal pronounce-

ments of late. It is not surprising, in the circumstances, that reports are emanating, from Ottawa of a stealthy search going on behind the facade of Liberal solidarity for new and more vigorous leadership at the top. It-isn't put in this crude way, of course: but hints are going out that Mr. Pearson is finding the pressure“of his respon- sibilities too burdensome, and that a Fall election this year could serve as the prelude to a graceful exit from his.onerous post His successor, it is argued, should have a clean sheet with respect to the blunders that have plagued the Pear- son regime. Not should he be an ex- buréaucrat like so many in the Pear- gon cabinet. He should have high standing in the business or industrial world’ as well as wide experience politically. Such a one, for example, as the Hon. Robert H. Winters, now 55. and still vigorous, handsome and personable as well as talented. Before he gave up politics for in- dustry in 1957. Mr. Winters had serv- ed in the St. Laurent government, first as minister of reconstruction and supply. then of resources and de- velopment, and finally of the patron- age - ridden department of public works in which he is credited with having effected major reforms. _ Rumors are that he could be-drafted “as next Liberal leader if the right approach were made. It would mean a sacrifice for him financially to get back “into politics. but there are re- portedly plenty of Liberals who hope he'll decide the “challenge and oppor- : tunity” worth the price. : One Ottawa commentator devote a column to this subject. predicting that if Mr. Winters should be drafted in this capacity. there almost certain- ly would be a turn-to-the-right in Liberal policies. With no more talk of spinelessness and a_pretty sure eclipse of Finance Minister Gordon Well, that's the rumor, for what it is worth. We*might add we are in- debted to Mr. Winters in this part of Canada; for it-was he who started-our

lic works minister, by suggesting to former Premier Matheson that an_initial_inquirs into_its_possibilities

|

ducers. That-crop is tie® to world market prices to a degree that the nation shipping cocoa, coffee, cotton, or peanuts can be economically hurt by one or two per cent drop in price. Their competition in these products tends to hold prices down. Cocoa prices right now are the lowest in a decade.

They all want industrial develop- ment but such development is pos- sible and economical only if they co- operate so as to avoid overproduc- tion. Some agreement on what type of industrialization each nation should undertake to stimulate trade between them is necessary. There is no such agreement in sight.

This problem is noted in a recent report of the European. Econemic Community, which states that “no ad equate speedup of economic growth —which*is the final objective of de- velopment aid—can be expected from the expansion of exports in the de- veloping countries in the next few years.”

Meanwhile. these countries are be- coming. more and more. assertive, more and more convinced that the world owes them more than thev are getting oul of life and that developed nations are to blame for the ‘slow- down they are experiencing in their progress toward self-sufficiency, This problem, surely, is one to which our statesmen should give top priority, for it could breed’ a -great deal of trouble for all of us in the months ahead

A Bitter Experience An.example of the high cost of complacency comes from the English city of Blackburn, and is cited in a mainland exchange. Up to last week, less than one-third of Blackburn's 105,000 people had bothered to take anti-polio vaccine. Authorities con- tinually warned the people that: they should. be immunized. But because there had been no polio cases for some years, the warning went large- . ly unheeded. Now Blackburn has 19 confirmed polio cases, 13 unconfirm- ed, and one death from the disease. A dozen years ago when polio epidemics were not the ‘rarity that they are today. the knowledge that the disease could be avoided for cer- tain by merely swallowing a pill would have been hailed as a miracle. The treatment is simple, painless and, in Britain, without cost. Yet less than half of Britain’s 55 million people are immunized against polio. and | Blackburn is just a glaring example ' of this general complacency. The very availibility of the vaccines has apparently lessened their value in the eyes of many people. = Such shortsightedness, however, is not confined to Britain. There must be many people in Canada who have let complacency lull them into faiture” - to get their anti-polio treatment. It would pay them to ponder the words of Blackburn's medical adviser in this connection. “‘Let our misfortune.” he says, “be a warning to every one.”

Distressing Figures — “ In the light of continued disclos- | ures of the mountirig death toll due to motor vehicle mishaps, it is hardly

___causeway ball rolling, as federal pub- | of the total deaths from all causes,

surprising to learn that victims total- led 4,750 and accounted* for 45 per cent of all accident fatalities in Can- ada last year. This is the figure given in a publication just issued by the National Safety League of Canada, | “Accident Facts—C ana d a—1964,”

which notes that’the cumulative fatal-

ity total from accidents reached 10,- +564 during the year, or 7:2 percent

Accident fatalities come in third place in the five leading causes of

__death-among-Canadianseach_twelve_.

“would-be desirable. Whether or not |* months~ And-last vear thev increased

he shapes up as Mr. Pearson's suc- cessor, he fills our eye as a pretty

sound man. Ry ap Widening ©

The G

It is distressing to note that the

’

independence achieved by so many_

new nations across Africa hasn't help- ed to close the economic gap between them and developed countries. The gap has been widening rather than closing. Developed countries have been expanding exports at twice the

_ . rate of most African countries, and

- there is no immediate prospect of

any change in this trend.

The basic problem is that African states rely on agriculture—and prim- itive agriculture at that. Some 85 per cent of their people are farmers who produce pretty much the same crops. Only a few have other exportable iterns—nations like Nigeria which has oil. Some others have bauxite, man- ganese, iron ore and other minerals but these are shipped as raw materials and provide no processing jobs in Africa. Soe

Some nations are one crop pro-

4

<

=

by 309 or three per cent from the

1963 total of 10,255. The. leading

causes are given in this order: motor

vehicles (traffic), falls, drownings,

fires and explosions. suffocations, poisonings, blows from cbjects. ma- | chinery, firearms,-and motor vehicles | (non-traffic).

The League publication empha- sizes, once again, the distressing fact that this was needless wastage of hu- man lives, carelessness being in large

| measure the cause,

EDITORIAL NOTES

The New York World’s Fair had

its busiest weekend of the season on

| Monday, when 20.378 persons passed

| through its gates. The. total to date | this-year is 14,906,645. -

| * *

Expo ’67 has confirmed that the

agricultural exhibit at the world. ex-

| hibition will be a $3'4"million pre-

sentation ofi a 7-acre site. The ex-

hibit will tell the history of agricul-

ture, illustrating how man copes with

*

the problems of food and the popu=~

lation ‘explosion. i

v

ALWAYS THE MIDDLEMAN

Not The Best-

By Dr. Theodore R. Van Dellen According to David Harum, “A certain number of fleas +is good for a dog.” Most men also need a little prodding, irritation, | or competition to keep them on - their toes. The itch is to get on with the job. The easy life is not | always the best, as it is difficult | to make a business of leisure. , ’ Are we getting soft? This is a | matter of ‘opinion, but there seems to be far lesa determina- tion to help one’s self. We have been led to believe that millions are not capable of handling their economic, social, and med- ical problems Fantastic sums are spent in employing work- | ers to make these people seek medical care under that they are neglected and en- titled. When. mollycoddied in this way, some develop an ‘‘ism’’ whereas others come down with an ‘‘itis'’ A paternalistic state can destroy self- reliance and set up a sense of futility which readily blends into physical weakness. ‘

A firmer attitude sometimes does more good than most of us | realize. The late Dr Irving S | Cutter told the story of an em- ployee who went to a physician | for months ‘without iniproving. | | His superior_finallycalled—the doctor to learn what was wrong. — The medico admitted he could find nothing organioglly wrong even -though his patient's ‘list of complaints covered two type- written pages. He had sent him to three specialists and they be- lieved his troubles were of ner vous origin. - This man-would see a psychia- trist today, but 25 years ago the boss assumed this role He cait ed the employee into the office and after a stormy session per suaded him to forget his minor aches and pains and to concen-

*

OTTAWA REPORT By Patrick Nicholson

Recalling Tory Nuclear Weapons Breach

“Canada's\ nuclear role | in NATO is ending, because it has become militarily redundant.” | Thus Group Captain William | M. Lee, the able and widely - respected special assistant. to Defence Minister Hellyer, wrote

“Finish” to an historic and con- troversial era in our military history

Speaking..for.the.Minister . of Defence, Bill Lee said that Ca- nada’s commitment to a. nuclear | strike role in NATO might have | been logical when: it was made | in 1957; but now it has become

senseless, _because NATO .- has.

er my resignation as a mem- ber of your cabinet.”

Both ministers had concurred with every previous policy sha- ped and’made public by the Diefenbaker Cabinet: as their’ letters and statements made clear, their point of disagree- ment was over nuclear weap- ons.

But now nuclear weapons for. Canada are a dead issue, which will not arise again in our fore seeable future.

Surely therefore the time has come for John “Diefenbaker and -his two. able erstwhile lieuten-

many times more than enough nuclear strike power to wipe out any enemy in an all! - out world war. ‘Canada will switch to: the .v.more sensible role .of attempting to prevent a nuclear war,"’.con- cluded this offiokal government spokesman. This switch in government policy marks a return to the foreign policy so devotedly cult- ivated by Howard Green, Fo ~ reign Minister in the Diefenbak- er Government. What the Con- servative Government practis- ed from 1957 to 1963, the Liber- “dl Government will not Start. to

“| "preach. |

*-WILL” THEY RETURN? : | That ends, as-I said, an_his- toric era in our military history.

ants, Douglas Harkness and George Hees, to. heal their breach? Their resignations were prompted. by their. honourable | stands on principle, which every- one mu St and did respect. But |

Ailing Lake Erie

; a National Geographic Society :

Public officials are rallying: to save Lake Erie, an indispen- sable. link im- the Great Lakes-

. Lawrence River shipping route.«

Erie is the shallowest of the five Great Lakes, and its water level-has-sunk-in-1965-to-the tow-~ est point~since réCord- keeping.‘ began: in 1860.

_ nuclear .policy;even_the need.

ro

* pri

“Maybe it-also-ends- an interlock-—-The declining level forces car- ing era_in our political history? “0 vessels to lighten loads to

trate on his job. At any rat.e the interview did the trick. The em- Ployee made a dramatic recov- ery. He quit babying— himself and was able to enjoy the satis- faction that comes from accom- plishnient.

Many of our less fortunate’ cit- izens have no boss and it is up to their social worker or local . Politician to offer advice. The ' line of least resistance is to “‘let, z the doctor do it’ but his hands

Political fragmentation ‘is not will be tied if distress. stems helping Canada;further, the from years of futility and. just Tupture within the Conservative | existing. A firmer and more pos- Party is causing a disservice to itive approach by the politician Canadians and to our democra- | or social worker is more. effec- tic system, by depriving the | tive country of an effective alterna- | tive choice in the election of a | TODAY'S HEALTH HINT— government Aging is changing. .

The_ resignations: of Douglas (NOTE: All correspondence Harkness and George Hees were to Dr. Van Dellen should be based on disagreement over our addressed to: Dr. Theodore Van_ Dellen, .co. Chicago Trib- une, Chicago, Illinois.)

those former ministers, who | supported international - alliane- es against a common external enemy, should reunite how in a political’ alliance against their | common enemy. |

is now,

for a nuclear policy dead: so there is no valid rea-

Easy Living

the-- guise |,

NOTES BY THE WAY

Dad— “If my daughter has accepted you, why come to me?"’ Swain— “I'd like some ad- vice on the advisability of mar- rying her."’—Sarnia Observer.

Teacher— *‘What are the rac- es that have dominated England since the invasion of the Rom- ans”"’ Small Boy-- “The ‘Grand National and the Perby, miss.” —Edmonton Journa). .

A man who joined the famed Household Cavalry is being lau- ghed at because he found out he couldn't stand horses. What's so wrong with that? There are countless people in politics who can't tolerate politicians.—Tor- onto Star. z

Tom—"My pa is very relig- ious. He always bows( his head and says something before meals."’ Dick— “Mine always says something when he sits down to eat, but he don't bow his head." Tom— ‘What does he say?” Dick— “Go easy on the butter, kids, it’s 50 cents a pound."’—-Montreal _ Star.

| Most of us are inclined to be forgiving toward our own faults | ~except when they are reincar- nated in our children —Ottawa | Journal. ‘

“What are you children do | ing?”’ “We're playing church,” replied Jack. “But worshippers Shouldn't whisper in church,” admonished nurse ‘Oh, we're the choir,” ‘said Mary.—Van- couver Provinc.e

The nurse had been giving the .twins a bath. Later hearing the | twins laughing in bed, she said. | “What are you children laugh-

oe about?" “Oh, nothing,” re-

plied Edna, “‘only you have giv- | en Edith two baths and haven't | given me any.”—Montreal Star.

| “Willie,” said his mother. “ wish you would run across the | street and see how old Mrs. | Brown is_ this mor ning.”” >“Yes'm,” replied Willie, and a , few minutes later he returned and reported: ‘‘Mrs. Brown says | it’s none of your business how

Regard

\-old_she —is.''--Montreal_ Star.

ed As Promising.

By Dave McIntosh

Press Staff Writer

Latin America’s initiative in

trying to make itself the world's |

first nuclear-free military zone. is regarded in Ottawa as a promising concept in helping to limit or prevent the spread of nuclear weapons.

Eighteen Latin American countries have, since 1962, been discussing how to create a de- nuclearized region and now are meeting in Mexico City to re; view progress and plan the next step. :

Canadian interest in the pro- posals is shown by the fact that D. W. Fulford, first secretary of the Canadian embassy in Mexico City, is an observer at the meeting. At the current Geneva disarmament confer- ence, Canada has been pressing for an signed to halt nuclear-_weapons.

CANADIAN CRITERIA

Canada would not be included in any Latin American nuclear- free zone treaty. But if one is arranged it would no doubt be asked to respect it, which the Canadian government doubtless would welcome.

In June, 1963,Prime Minister Pearson told the Commons that any treaty for a denuclearized zone should meet at least three criteria w ‘

1. It should obviously be ac-

the spread of

ceptable to all countries of the | base at

international treaty de- |

a request |

geographical area in which the zone would be located.

2. It should include séme ar-

rangement for verifying that treaty commitments were being carried out. 3. It should be consistent with the principle that no disarma- ment measure should create a unilateral advantage for any state or grou, of states

Canadian officials said Mon- | day this Canadian policy has not changed since that time.

\“WOULD CUBA JOIN?” At the 1963 United Nations General Assembly, Canada voted for a resolution presented by Brazil and 10 other countries seeking discussion’ by the Latin | American states on a nuclear- free zone | Since then, the Latin Ameri- , cans have been working on a definition of the geographical | limits of the proposed zone, a system of inspection and seek- |ing the acceptance of other countries of Latin America as a nuclear-free zone

There are problems. of course. Would it be possible to include Cuba, which so far ‘has stayed out of the discussions? Would the U.S. agree to ban the shipment of ruclear WeADe- ons through the Panama Canal? | Would the’ U.S. agree to remove | all nuclear weapons. from its Guarntanamo, Cuba”

—————

—

son for keeping the disagree- | ment alive —

4

4 ra

whole-tq=permit larger- ships to operate, thus reducing transpor- | tation costs on essential items such as steel. - : \ Though man has been releas- ing pollutants .into the area around*the lake, he has done lit- tle but accelerate” the natural ess whereby a lake grows old sand dies:* First, sediment from streams settles in the quiet water, making it shallower. Sec-

For there is another, aspect to this ending of Canada’s nuclear role — and this’is the end, be- cause our USA - made Bomarcs were—leng ago. denounced © by Washington as outmoded and in- effective. ret _On Februarv4,..1963,. Defence Minister Douglas Harkness told Parliament that he had_resign- ed from the Diefenbaker Cabi- “net that he had resigned from the Diefenbaker Cabinet. He ex- plained that ‘the Prime Min- ister’s views on nuclear arms and my own are. irreconcil- able:"’ so “I resigned on a mat- ter of principle."’ But he concin- ded: “I shall of course remain in the Conservative Party.” Five days later, Trade Min- ister George Hees wrote to Prime. Mi ni ster: Diefenbaker: | . T consider that our present defence policy fulgill_our international commit-

~“mnents-or~ provide” for the~secur=*

ity of our country.... I feel these ce to the welfare and security of our country, and therefore I have no alternative but to tend-

‘Our :

(From The Guardian Files)

Yesterdays | TWENTY » FIVE YEARS AGO (August 26, 1940) ~~

Scream bombs were heard dropping in the London area as the fifth air raid warning within” three days roused Londoners from their beds to which they had shortly before returned from a similar alarm.

Rev. Joseph Monaghan, S.J., son of Mr. and Mrs. James Mon- aghan, celebrated his first Sol-

emn High Mass at St. Dustan’s | Basilica yesterday morning. Fa-»

ther Monaghan was ordained re- . cently and is the fifth priest in the family.

TEN YEARS AGO (August 26, 1955)

His Worship Mayor J.D. Ste- wart, Councillor Edwin. John- stone, chairman of the Finance Committee and City Clerk Jam- es A. Fullerton left Charlotte- town by Alta, to attend the annual | convention of the Carfedian Fed. |

, eration of Mayors and Munici- palities .

| | Miss Helen Kerr gave -an- }

Library.—She—had-—just—recently returned from a tour which en- i @ircled the globe

avoid getting stuck jin mud. ond, plants accumulate, because

does not either -

strated lecture in the Sens

Plant life. proliferates. in. the shallow water and decaying or- ganisms remove- oxygen, thus destroying’ desirable fish © and encouraging leeches and other unpleasant forms. of life

“LIKE GREEN PAINT’---

Some beaches have been clos- ed—because algae coat swim- mers’ bodies and pile up in evil- smelling windrows on the shore- line.

Public Health _ Service pollu- | tion expert Keith Krause found that ‘‘a glass of water taken from the central ‘basin of Lake Erie. looked like thin green paint.”

Ironically, the most trouble- some pollutant is* phosphate, a valuable fertilizer on land that stimulates plant growth just as effectively in water. _ -«: -<

The Public Health Service has

been. making extensive studies the enemy and they are ours wo |

“Of the lake in recent” montis: Poszible cures are also being

_...matters_to_be of vital importan-_| discussed by other Federal and

Canadian officials and by. busi- ness interests in the four states

the sun’s rays can reach the bot- tom. Third, a lake’s outlet stream gradually cuts through its bed and drains .out- all the water. "

LAKES BECOME SWAMPS

~ The—lake—becomes-a—swamp; > then dry land. Eventually all i lakes die, but others. are creat-| = oe ed. elsewhere by glaciation and other. processes. The United States has lost. perhaps half the lakes it had 12,000 years ago.

peans. Louis Jolliet discovered | - it-in 1669 while making his way | around hostile. Iroquois territory. In 1813 Commodore Oliver Per- i ry defeated the British fleet on | the Lake and sent to General i William Henry Harrison the his- | toric message: ‘‘We have: met |

Later a stream of European | immigrants sailed from Buffaio | ~“aeross-bake~Erie~to™ the lands~}—

that were to become Michigan, | Hannon in an

' Wisconsin, and Minnesota. Erie - bordering the:lake — Ohio, Pen- often treated the newcomers | ———-nsylvania,..New—York..and.Mich-_° cherous}y;~for —its—-shallow }-—}-—— 4geno~- Ae > ae “waters” are easily shifted by beans Bibne> + —— | A Canadian engineer has pro- winds. Port Clinton, Ohio, was | ‘of both the Un | posed damming one or more fotinded by shipwrecked Scots. | Canadian rivers now flowing in- As industry developed, Eri : to.Hudson Bay and sending the served as a convenient channel ff) and tells who h water into the Great Lakes to between the coal fields of the. raise the, water level. . Ohio Valley and the-iron ranges | and why. Shippers; meanwhile, are try- of the upper Lakes. Important | f ing to persuade the United Stat- cities like —Cleveland,—-Buffalo, |. -#} © Sree Pau ss es and Canadian Governments and Toledo sprang up around | ee to deepen major. channels and the lake and continue to flour- Tove i. harbors in the Great Lakes as a ish

‘Crime That Paid Well

. Montrea

The Mercier report on bank- ruptcies in Quebec, made pub- lie ‘by. Revenue. Minister Kier- ‘ams, is-more shocking than it is surprising. That bankruptcy pro- | ceedings provided a_ lucrative field for fraud and racketeering was pretty well known, But_rev- elations of this scope, even when

The report makes it clear that

this species of fraud is a com- | plicated profession, miles away

plane for Edmonton, | from petty crime. It requires in-

telligence, experience, and

| numbed conscience. It is prac:

| tised hy people who, in every sense of the frm; ought to know | better.

—It is-a-profitable ‘‘business’’.

have— évery—right—to~lauch if they were;-told—‘crime—does- not

| pay.” For crime has paid them | crease im bankruptcies.”

~

anticipated, never fail to shock

The men who indulge in it would

When will the first man arrive on the ~ moon? Will-he be Russian or American? These and other provocative questions were recently posed td Sir Bernard Lovell, — _of Britain’s Jodrell Bank, by writer Leslie

exclusive interview for

Weekend Magazine. Lovell, the only man . who_is an-expert-on the space programs, -

ited States and Russia,

assesses the billion-dollar race to the moon

e thinks will win it ~

z

The smallest of the Great ‘Lak- s es except for Ontario, Erie was | F the last to be seen by Euro- :

| Gazette

| very well. Every year, the Mer- cier Report reveals, the Quebec government, in other words the public, is bilked of some $1,500,- 000. And the whole process is permeated with ‘‘hush-money,”’ “blackmail, and other ‘“‘repre- hensibl@ practices’. : The report makes a number of recommendations, such -as re- | forms in the Revenue Depart- ment organization, in the C?n- ada Bankruptcy Act, the Quebec

Companies Act and the Wind- ing-up Act, _ — * Probably, this will involve

locking the stable doorsafter the | horse has been stolen. Even the | appointment of the commission an effect. Since the in- | vestigation began, it is noted, —there-has been ‘‘a marked-de-

| has

+

eee ~

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