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for; FOUR t TilE iiiiitoiirrowii iiuiiiniiiii

Morning Dolly tionndcd in llfll President. LienL-Col. W Cluster B. lloLnro Vice President J l. Borne“. I‘. J. l_

locrethry Lieu! 41o! D A Iaolflnnon. l) l- 0- lditor and Managing Director J. I. Burnett l’. l. I Associate Editor. Frans Walker

SUBSCRIPTION lsllllS u c", “M; p" year (in Advance) o vered $4.00 per year tin advance! mailed to P l. fills‘ 5.00 per year tin advance) mailed to Canada . Members Huff! Bureau ot (Illltlllllllllll

‘The Strongest Memory is Weak" "W" the Weakest Ink."

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER. 3o- 1939- mm. ' "

Airmail Service

she Board of Trade is rightly concerned at gh¢ prospect of losing our present satisfactory passe-tiger, mail and express service by airplane. This service has been given to us in licu of the second trip of the cai- ferry steamer lt enables us to send out mail up till 11.45 a. m. to catch the mail going to Montreal and Halifax; then on return we get the first class mail from Montreal and the \\ cst between 5 and 6 o'clock in the lvuiing. _

It is rumored that this arrangement is to be cancelled with the introduction early next year of the trans-Canada Airways passenger service to the Blaritimes. Under the proposed schedule a plane would leave Moncton at daybreak for Sumrnerside, Charlottetown, New Glasgow and Sydney, arriving in Sydney in sufficient time to let airmail posted in Montreal the evening before be delivered by letter carrier the follow- ing moniiizg; lf this goes through, and the present service is cancelled it means that we would be in a worse position than we were

under the old double-trip ferry system. It is hoped that our representatives, federal and provincial, will cooperate with the Board of

Trade in protesting vigorously against it. There is no reason why the present schedule should not be continued profitably as a feeder line by Trans-Canada Airways, maintained as a special service to this Province. The passenger

rate would be $6.00 instead of $9.00 as under the present system, and this reduction, which we were promised in any case, would

undoubtedly attract more passenger traffic.

It may be only a few weeks before the pro- posed changes go into effect, and promptand concerted action will be needed to insure that our right to the present efficient service be re- lpected.

Si. Andrew's Day

It is time that the critics ceased harping on the merely legendary connection between St.

and maintenance of an adequate system of sup- ervision and inspection of the operation, ini- provement and use of thc lands and personal property provided as aforesaid; (f) the prov~ ision of courses of instruction and demon- stration for those who are assisted by the allocation of the lands or personality as afore- said; (g) the institution of a detailed survey of substandard farni lands of the Province in order to determine which of such lands are most suitable for allocation as aforesaid; (h) ‘the registration of young men who are potentially successful farmers but who cannot properly es- tablish themselves in the agricultural industry without governmental assistance; (i) in general. the carrying out of any measures which tnay be deemed feasible and necessary for the rehabili- tation of substandard farms and the assistance of necessitous farmers."

This programme, according to Premier Camp-

bell, was one of the chief reasons for calling an election last May. During the campaign it was specifically stated the Federal Government was assisting by a stibstantial grant, and that if the Campbell Government was returned to power, "a survey would be started immediately and a definite policy will be in effect by the autumn of the present year so that farming operations may be commenced by the spring of i940." (Patriot, May it). As the campaign warmed up, it was announced that the farm rehabilitation scheme had “already begun." (Patriot, May I6.) Now we have a judge of the Supreme Court appealing to the Legislative members to take action on their own account, and start a. survev for the purpose of providing the Government with a basis for action! This delay is all the more inexcusable since the outbreak of war and the pressing need, as Judge Saunders points out, for placing farm production at the highest peak of efficiency.

== IIDIIURIAL NUIIIS =

St. Andrew. s a a a Rt. Hon Winston Churchill born this date, i874. His synonym for a political barcfaced lie—"a terminological incxzictitude." ¥ F U I Somebody complains that St. Andrew's Fes- tival should not be celebrated today “because there are so many other things on!" ll‘ ‘I Fl‘ 1‘

It may not unreasonably be claimed that No- vember has turned out to be the most ideal month of the year, though the Censor will not allow us to refer to “probs" for corroborative

proof of our assertion.

iii!

The Prime Minister thinks Canadian censors entrred upon their duties with too much zeal and over reached the mark. Yes, but what of the British censors who open and inspect even League of Nation propaganda sent from Lon-

don to Canada? s w n

Andrew and Scotland. Legends may be true in a deeper sense than factual statements. What is known about the life of St. Andrew — that he was one of Christ's earliest disciples, that he was zealous in propagating Christianity and suffered martyrdom for his faith—is sufficient to have recommended him to the notice of the religious Scots, particularly as he stands reveal- ed both as realist and idealist-a man in whom, as in every true Scot, enthusiasm ivas tempered by caution. Auilipv is on record as being the “first elder", bringing his own brother to the Master. I-le was the first foreign missionary when he brought the inquiring Greeks mention- ed in the gosiwls to Jesus, and it was also An- drew who "found the boy on the side of the mountain who was willing to share his lunch with the crowd.”

St. Andreiv‘s death occurred at Patra about AD. 7o. From Patra, three centuries later, his relics were taken to Constantinople, and thence, when the city fcll to the Crusaders frotn the West, to Amalfi in Italy. llow they reached Britain-if they did reach Britain——remains a mystery; but according to the most ancient of the stories they were taken by Acca, Bishop of Hcxham, to the Pictish King Angus between 731 and 76f, and buried where the city of St. Andrew now stands.

What is significant about the legend today is that it continues to inspire Scotsmen to high ideals and noble effort. The anniversary of the saint is, as it has been for centuries, the "days of days," honoured wherever Scotsmen can gather together in ample feast around the social hoard. Thus will it be this evening in every part of the lTmpire. The Ilziggis will be tishered in with the lime-honored ritual, and the post-prandial speeches will reflect the mod- est pride the Scot takes in his national heritage and achievements. Locally it is sufficient to say that the high standard of other years promises

to he well maintainer] in the excellent pro- gramme arranged by the clllCtltllllitfl Club. Farm Rehabilitation Th; coizverii cxprcsscd by Mr- lull“ saunvpgrs ow; tht- iy_m_ ifllftltlliClililv some squirm of fzirni rilllllllliiltlil was evidently - - , l shared by his lit-nix , thc Liniutl jurors, at [.16 opcninw‘ i-f the Supreme Court session in Sum- ~ ' . ,,,,.,.;.i.- n11 Tues-tiny \\'c question, however, the Efil\.-'l\ill7|lll_\' of pLu-iug llll! initial survey nnthc hands n1 fur l‘.‘f_'_inl.lil\'(2_fUpfCSClllilllVUS. lvlll‘ idea should ht- to get 115 ixir aiwtiy from politics as piissihlc, and tlicrc is no reason why the npu-l.,,,i-y-; of the Fcili-iuil llurcnu of htzttistics amid 11ml liC llllllZUtl to obtain all the mtornfzition l'(‘||llll'("l. ' Tue Slll'lll'l~lilg thins; is llilil :1 stiricy has not long 41;» liucii ntzulc m this connection. lt is n¢-;1rly' :1 vt-zii- siucc the Lcggislziturc uict and

passed tho lilflilillllhlllltill .\ct, nllvgcilly for the O tint! my‘ lush-w :1) thc zictinritig by pur~ o \\ \ l I l

chase or iilli’.'2'\\‘.\;' of lands stiitable for farm reliabiliuition or for rcforcstrzitioii‘. (b) the allncaiiiiu nf such liinzls to farmers’ sons or

“H,” you“; iiiCli who give proitiise of becoming

L-(nnpplpnl fm-inci-s, uudcr zigrccint-iits for sale m. rvnm m otherwise: (c) the provision of 5",], h", -,.(~i;_ poultrv. cqtiipmciit. sccd, fodder,

ft met‘. ur other itmtcriztls as may be “an. fur ihv opcrzitioii of the farmers so

These lines of Owen Seaman have been sug- gested by a reader as a good slogan for these days:

“To teach that he who saves himself is lost; To bear in silence though our hearts may

break;

To spend ourselves, and never count the cost, For others’ greater ncetl." is v wit it Confidence that the Xlztgiuot Line could stave off a German army of 10,000,000 men was ex-

pressed by Colonel Dcnys Neitz, South African Minister of Native Affairs, on rcttirniug from a tour of the \\cs1cru l< rout. llc

stressed South Africa's loyalty impression of Empire solidarity gained from his talks with Hon. T. A. Crerar, Canadian representative, and other Dominions spokesmen. "We discussed with the Imperial Government every aspect of our common war aims and l vcuturc to think that nevcr have itiectiugs covering such vast is- sues been condticted with such complete calm and mutual goodwill," he said. Colonel Rcitz was equally impressed by thc "confidence and certainty" shown in France, both at Paris and the front itself. “I do not bclicvc that io,ooo,- 000 Germans could brcttk thc .\l2l_'_fl1iOl Linc, nor will they break the British front," he said. "As far as I can see, all that is left to Hitler is to conduct a guerilla ivar. and I have no doubt as to the outcome of that." w. .r W W

There should be two prices for Ciliilitlliili pro» ducts, the higher price charged for doiucstic consumption and the lowcr price for export trade, Miss Agnes Mzicphzul, L'.l“.(),-l..'iboi member of Parliament for (ircy-llrticc and .\lr. H. S. Arkcll of Uttziuai told the anutiail conven- tion of the United Farmers of Ontario. Cau- adian farmcrs- should bring pressure upon thc Federal Government to institute stich zi sclicitic, followed by tnziuufticturcrs in cvcry industrial country who export their products, they told lliL‘ silver jubilee convention in scpnrziic addresses. “Financing of losses on export should be made by a levy against the product in the domestic mar- ket," said hlri Arkell, who recently CfiilCllKlrtl a two-year intensive study of marketing iii Eu- rope and South America for the Canadian Gov- ernment. Ile said such a plan should guarantee the farmer an adequate return from (lnniestic sales to enable him and his family to have n “dcceitt" standard of living, and should correct the disparity bctwccn fztrm prices and the prices of goods the farmer must buy.

‘F 1' 1' I‘

The Itistittitc of the Pacific in the Novt-itiher number 0f its organ, the Pacific, will publish an article by Ailmirnl Ryozn Nakniniirzt, retired, in ivhicli lic- analyzes the liuropran ivztr situa- tion zuiil concludes that Gcrnintiy cannot Wlii. His opinion is that Adolf Hitler made an ill- cotisidcretl agreement with the Soviet Union and thereby (lcstrtiyerl the possibility of a German victory. The admiral poitits out that Britain's potential ciicinics before the ivar were Japan in :hc Pacific, Italy in the hlcditcrrnticzin and Ger- many in the North Sea. with Spain zihlc to pro- vide bases for the Axis powers. That situation which ticd Britain's hziiiils rind made lici" tinzihlc to answer (ifflliflill/S challenge tiiiless LOIKlOI‘ was stire of ohtziining American support, was changed at a Slf0l\'(' by the (icrmau-Sovict agree-

llIHQ-"itcll or for the rehabilitation of other sub- stztiiilzirtl farms or i1(‘?(l\' farmersi (ti) llf-Q arranging of adequate credit and security l" respect of the purchase price or rental 0i lb? lands so allocated or of the materials so Pm‘ vided and i

‘mi-est avail ie rates; (e) the

uicnt. Japan and Spain adopted neutrality. lwhile ltztlv (lccidctl tipoti inaction, and Britain's

naval problem ivns instantly reduced to meeting ‘Gcrmtuiyb guerilla ivzirfarc in the North Sea. Britain now can have absolute confidence of vic-

respect of interest thereon, at the tory._ lie continues. llitlcr failed to understand establishment the situation.

_ has»)... .__..

rut: CHARLOTTETOWN - GUARDIAN

NOTES BY TIIE WAY

Oddesi. story of the recent. evacuation of children tram 101111011. 1s that of a very small East End boy who arrived at his destination wlthzut any kind of identification. The littfe lad was asked what he had done with his ticket, and bursting into tears to. marked sadly "I was hungry and I Hie it." — London sketch.

Can Prime Minister Mackenaie K1118. lifter informing hiiriseif fully regard rig all war purchases, assure the people of Canada that the"! are no preferred lists in the flwflfdlflk of contracts? Until such B Euarant/ee 1s officially given, pub- lic confidence wlii be threaaened_ and this counL-ry cannot a'fvrd that to happen. -- Stratford Beac- oil-Herald.

Arnold Mofiratls, the recent "c. cessful Liberal candidate 1n the Cranbrooke. 13.0., provincial bye- eiection. is being hailed as‘ the youngest member of any Eenlor legislative body 1n Canada. Ho 1s 27 years old. As long ago as 1872, however. the late George m. Casey. ti. brilliant parliamentarian, was elected as Wesv Elgirfs repre- sentative ln the Horse of 0cm- mins at the age of 22. and he con- tinned to sit 1n the House of Com- mons for many years. - Brock- viile Recorder and Times.

Bifocals can —change cbarsct. er. We've observed the fellow or. floe worker who used to peer over- the tops of his specs and earned o reputation for sagactty, so much that friends called him "Judge." Then he put- On blfocals and he begun to rear back as he squlnteci through the lower lenses and hi; Cvmtlanlons thought he was trying s; go high-hat. - Kansas City

ar.

How much vv1‘i Britain and Canada bu)’ from the United

States? At the present time, the British plants are iwtusliy hay- 1X18 to store their output for the days $0 Come. and consumption 15 by no means up to production. But. the bullish market for alt-- craft stock: in the Unit/ed Stavs Seems Justified on the long or short term of prospective bus. n65!- The United Sttres will be 8 purveyor w many countries besides the British Empire and Frgnce. -- St. Cat-harines Stand- ar .

The truth ls that the long ex. perlence of Empire has taught. Britain a sense of almost wrrld- wide responsibility. If there i; slave raiding tn Africa or piracy 1n the Yellow Sea, or buoys in the Persian Gulf badly placed, Great Britain at once has to see t; ti“ While Brirain 1s the world leaders, such duties are a part of Pax Brit- firmwa- So is the prevent on of war. There Ls another power stronger and richer and rightly WW1 by her moral outlook to share or even take over the place "as world leader But. she 1s not yet accustomed to her posit on. so Prefers to sit back like second- class naticns with no resxnsibiii- ties and complains that lhe work is not done. - Christian Scence Monitor.

News photographers ed of the difficul y important faces ntdiie Sgvjgt, Embassy reception recently, yet t-here Were two person; m?“ who seldom miss a Washngton burly. One was William, t'"e ne- gro doorman, wxo ivears s, coachmanls 03st and tall si'k hat and cat's out in a smorous ton: f0!‘ the "Fmlsh Ambrs adoUs Car The other was Rkigewell, the man who repeats ysur name to the hzst and hostess. Both are Washn. m 1n t‘ l‘..'l"“$. Tn-gy belong to the caterer and come to the 1911")‘ along w th the food an silverware. Chris tan sci rice Monitor.

comp ain- of fi tdfng

When the Brit's“ and French talk of abolishing Hitlrrism, they should emphziiizr: thty also 1mg“; b" ""511 the Dower of Krupp 1n EUYQPQ. The German mun Lions concern has been driving Germany into wars for more than a cenury. Bubiles mean mom-y for Kr pp shareholders and the app rte for extra profits whets the desire for War in Germany. Hitler rose to power with the suppsrt of th munitions ring 1n Grrmany. The. pushed him forward and thy urged him to prove-a with n; armament. 1n the Reich Now, the KTuDp and allied firms are sup- Plylng Genneny with war mntera When peace comes, not; on“, Hitler needs attention. But p“. Krupp T1118 also has to be made impotent so 1i, cannot stari- anoth- t" Wt" 111 Europe. — cunt in Windsor Star.

We need America and the way to win America 1s to understand 1t. We do not trouble to under-s and it luduy. For us, it is events. in New York and Washington, with an o3. “lsmnlll Teffiffilwe to n scandal 1n Chicago; the real Amrrica largely 9808965 u; altogether. It 1s hardly known to our politicians: 111s hardly known to the civfi service; it. is almost wholly unknown to the public at large. We take 1t. for granted that the United states should be interested 1n, and Sympathetic to ourselves; we do not seem to realize that reziproclty 1s of the essence of international llndcrtandimz. If we should becln to awaken to that realzaton, we mltlht- accomplish an immense work for peace. For Anglo-Amzrl- can fr1end=hip....1s the ciur- m the main issues by which we are confronted. today (Harold J. Laskl 1n Times and Tide.)

The C.C.F. has years now played a useful part. in th“ public llfe of Canada. It h-i; taken the part of the under-or vi- lezed and t‘-e under-log. It. has worked for decency in high places. for the ameiiora'~‘on 01' work n"

csnditions, for the elevation of the standard of living. It stands now. at. the crossroads. 1t has an

1

l Shop-Keeping in Pioneer Days

THE STORY 0F BID! UE’. FIRST STORE‘

- n; ii. s. n. l

From the Day - Book ol William Schumann. meroli- ant, “on Island of

tho ' Si. John." btlllil 17M

I (Continued from yesterday's | Guardian)

Bohurmanb store no doubt had is: ipork barrel 1n the back shop, and‘ quite a. few accounts show that ous- wmors both incurred and paid biLs Wllth pork, beef, lamb mil mutton. Beef. like butter, was of unvoryfnc price and sold in pieces from ten to nfty odd pounds at six cents a pound. Pork was two to four cents dearer, main a stable “price: from 1785 to 1897. ery littisv was sold, a. fifteen pound quarter 1n 1803 being credited to an amount. w; 4d. a urid. Both lamb and~ mutton in Juy and Aug-list. of 1794 sold at 9c a pound, but. are not. mentioned later on, though undoubtedly they continued on Bedeque menus.

Next vming ma, and uisl cardinal consultations of ties. rum I and tobacco, the p1oxiee.r's chief problem was to keep himself 1n clothing and shelter: and the cloth- ing most frequently purchased was shoe leather.

A typical shoe blll is that. " by Thomas Rnynolds:— Febnunry 12. 1185 to one

pair of Situes April l5, 1785 to one pair

so

July 12, 1785 to one pair solds

July 2 to pair upper lea-

er Sept. 10 to om pair mox- sons 0 1 3 In December 1784 “Henry Conah" charged "one pair of sols and heal‘ Peases 0: 1; 6:". Leather for shoes in the 1780's varied in price from 60: to $1.20 depending, probably for the most part, on the grade of leather

Unlike another more famous ac- count. book of the contemporary Island period, Benjamin ChappelPs combined Journal and account book, very little of the personal crep: into Schurrnanb accounts. so 1t. ifs de- g ul to ooime on John Robin's shoe bill of November 1788. It is tit- led “To leather fornshues” and lists “one pair for Isobel 0: 4: 6:". John and Isobel Robins were ehlldien of. the United Empire LoyaL-st, Richard Robins, whose tragic dearth in Feb- ruar. of 1784 on a Bedeque-cnar- iotte n trek for: supplies has often l been told. Isobel tghteen when . these shoes were charged. and one‘ almost regrets that. the Robins-were properous and paying cash the next. ycar tss nonhlng was charged) when Isobel bought her wedding slippers‘ for an October marriage to Benj- amin Cole. A bill for such an event. would indeed make interesting read- ing! No doubt a goodly bit of the sole leather listed in this account book shod the feet of the fairer sex, though women's shoes are only specifically mentioned 1n one other DIRCC. when, In 1806, Schurman sold leather for ladies shoes at one doi- lar. In 1792 cine pair of snow-shoes

MDNO QQQQ

n taken 1n trade from the Indians. Mcesaslns sold from twenty five to sixty tents a pair, and were 1n greater demand from 17M to I800 than afterwards.

Many people bought hides from Sahurman, apparently tanned ones. An 1785 item "half hid 0: 10: 3" can- be translated “half a. hide $2.05.” In the years following half hides sold from $1.70 to $2.00, sheep skin. at. 500. and calf skins $1.60 to $1.80. i,